CN116428011A - Tunnel construction safety risk intelligent monitoring and early warning system - Google Patents
Tunnel construction safety risk intelligent monitoring and early warning system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk, which belongs to the field of tunnel safety monitoring and comprises the following components: the signal transmitting unit is used for generating a first monitoring signal; the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel based on the first monitoring signal to obtain a second monitoring signal; the analysis unit is used for analyzing the second monitoring signals to judge whether the tunnel has safety risks, if so, an analysis result is obtained, and the time T of the second monitoring signals corresponding to the safety risks is recorded; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring video information of the monitoring unit; the communication unit is used for transmitting the analysis result and the video information to the background processing center; the background processing center is used for analyzing the video information corresponding to the time T and the time T, judging whether a false touch monitoring unit exists or not and carrying out early warning according to a judging result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel safety monitoring, in particular to an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risks.
Background
An important ring in tunnel construction is excavation, and collapse and other disasters are most likely to occur in the part from a tunneling surface to the completion of lining due to the fact that lining is not arranged, in the process of shield pushing construction, stress balance in the soil body is damaged due to the fact that internal stress of the surrounding soil body changes due to the rotation of a shield cutter head, the extrusion of surrounding soil body and the like, so that the surrounding soil body is subjected to sedimentation and displacement deformation, and construction safety accidents are most likely to be caused when the deformation of the part of tunnel is not arranged to a certain extent.
The prior art mainly adopts a mode of using optical fiber sensing for the safety detection of the tunnel, such as an optical fiber detection scheme adopted in patent CN107631697A and patent CN103397910A, and the technical scheme is as follows: fixing pieces are arranged at the top of the tunnel at equal intervals, the detection optical cable passes through the fixing pieces, so that the detection optical cable naturally stretches, and one end of the detection optical cable is connected with the monitoring host; the deformation of the tunnel is sensed by utilizing the sensing optical fiber in the detection optical cable and then monitored, unmanned intelligent detection is realized by the mode, but the applicant finds that the following technical problems exist in the actual tunnel construction process by using the scheme:
the principle of the existing optical fiber sensing monitoring mode can show that an alarm can be generated only if a detection optical cable is bent or broken, normal treatment measures of safety alarm in a tunnel are that a constructor is stopped immediately and then all constructors are evacuated, then a professional technician enters the tunnel to conduct evaluation, safety risk is relieved and then construction is conducted, so that at least 1 day is needed, a construction tool and constructors are arranged in the tunnel, the moving targets easily touch the detection optical cable to cause false alarm, the false alarm is not recognized in the prior art, the false alarm is easy to occur, and the tunnel construction progress is slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of false alarm of the existing tunnel construction safety risk monitoring.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk, the system comprises:
the signal transmission unit is used for generating a first monitoring signal and transmitting the first monitoring signal to the monitoring unit;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel based on the first monitoring signal to obtain a second monitoring signal, and sending the second monitoring signal to the analysis unit;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the second monitoring signals to judge whether the safety risk exists in the tunnel, if so, an analysis result is obtained, and the time T of the second monitoring signals corresponding to the safety risk exists is recorded;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring video information of the monitoring unit;
the communication unit is used for transmitting the analysis result and the video information to the background processing center;
the background processing center is used for analyzing the video information corresponding to the time T before and after the time T, judging whether a false touch monitoring unit exists or not, and if so, not performing early warning; if the analysis result does not exist, an early warning strategy is generated based on the analysis result, and early warning is carried out.
The traditional monitoring mode only needs to generate an alarm when the detecting optical cable is bent or broken, but some reasons in the bending or breaking of the detecting optical cable are caused by current construction, such as constructor touch or construction tool touch, so that the principle of the invention is that when the detecting optical cable is monitored to be bent or broken, whether the detecting optical cable is caused by false touch is firstly judged, if not, the alarm is not performed, if not, the alarm is performed, the situation of false touch is discharged, and the problem of delay of tunnel construction period caused by false alarm is avoided.
The monitoring principle of the invention is that the signal transmitting unit generates a first monitoring signal and transmits the first monitoring signal to the monitoring unit, when the tunnel transmits deformation, the deformation of the tunnel can cause the signal in the monitoring unit to change, the monitoring unit monitors the deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel to obtain a second monitoring signal, and the second monitoring signal is transmitted to the analysis unit; the analysis unit analyzes the second monitoring signal to judge whether the tunnel has safety risk, such as whether deformation exceeds a threshold value, if so, an analysis result is obtained, the time T generated by the second monitoring signal corresponding to the safety risk is recorded, the video information corresponding to the position of the time monitoring unit is obtained after the corresponding time T is recorded, and then the video information is analyzed to judge whether the situation of false touch exists.
Preferably, the analysis result includes security risk information and first position information of a corresponding monitoring unit, the background processing center analyzes the video information corresponding to the time T before and after the time T, and determines whether there is a false touch monitoring unit, and specifically includes:
acquiring video information corresponding to the first position information in a period of time before and after the time T;
splitting the video information into a plurality of monitoring images;
analyzing the monitoring image to obtain a target touched with the monitoring unit in the monitoring image;
identifying the target to obtain type information of the target;
if the type of the target is the preset type, judging that the false touch monitoring unit exists, otherwise, judging that the false touch monitoring unit does not exist.
Firstly, acquiring video information corresponding to first position information in a period of time before and after a corresponding time T, namely acquiring video information of a corresponding position of a monitoring unit in a corresponding period of time, aiming at finding a video of the corresponding position of the corresponding time, and then analyzing whether a target false touch monitoring unit exists in the video; splitting the video information into a plurality of monitoring images so as to analyze each image conveniently; analyzing the monitoring image, and judging whether a target touching a monitoring unit exists in the monitoring image; if the target is identified, obtaining type information of the target; because soil or stone is likely to fall in the tunnel, the alarm is normal and is not false alarm due to the fact that the optical fibers are touched, in order to ensure that whether the optical fibers are the normal alarm or not, whether the optical fibers are the construction tool or the personnel in the tunnel or not can be accurately judged, the object identification is needed by the invention, if the object type is a preset type (such as the construction tool or the personnel in the tunnel), the existence of the false touch monitoring unit is judged, otherwise, the existence of the false touch monitoring unit is not judged, the object corresponding to the corresponding position at the corresponding moment can be accurately found out, the object of the touch monitoring unit is touched, the type of the object can be identified, whether the object is the false touch or not is judged according to the type of the object, and the accuracy of the false touch judgment is improved.
Preferably, the background processing center is further used for storing analysis results and video information, and the storage is convenient for subsequent archiving and calling.
Preferably, in order to reduce the probability of the monitoring unit being touched by mistake, the surface of the monitoring unit is attached with the light-emitting unit, the position of the monitoring unit of the current operation personnel can be reminded by utilizing the light-emitting unit to emit light in the direction away from the inner wall of the tunnel, the light-emitting unit is used for emitting light in the direction away from the inner wall of the tunnel, the operation personnel in the tunnel can find the light conveniently, and the light in the tunnel can be improved by emitting light in the direction away from the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the construction safety in the tunnel is further improved.
Preferably, the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, a sensing optical fiber is arranged in the detection optical cable, and an early warning strategy is generated based on the analysis result, wherein the traditional early warning strategy is to stop construction when safety risks occur, and construction staff is completely evacuated, but the construction staff can not be stopped when the safety risks are lower under certain conditions, and the construction staff can not be evacuated, so that delay of construction period can be avoided on the premise of ensuring safety, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber breaks, the surface prediction unit monitors larger deformation and larger surface safety risk, the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops construction, and constructors withdraw from the tunnel;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent, and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than or equal to a second threshold value, the surface monitoring unit monitors smaller deformation, but the deformation is not very large, and at the moment, safety inspection can be performed while construction, the early warning strategy is to broadcast early warning information in a tunnel, and a detection instruction is sent to a preset terminal in the tunnel;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent, and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a second threshold value, the surface prediction unit monitors larger deformation at the moment, the surface safety risk is larger, and the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops construction, and constructors withdraw from the tunnel.
Preferably, in the present invention, the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, and a sensing optical fiber is disposed in the detection optical cable, and the system further includes:
the fixed unit of detection optical cable that a plurality of distributes along detection optical cable laying direction, detection optical cable fixed unit is used for supporting and fixing the detection optical cable, and wherein, detection optical cable fixed unit includes: the utility model provides a first support, second support and arc support, wherein, the both ends of arc support are connected with the upper end of first support and the upper end of second support respectively, and the lower extreme of first support and second support is used for fixing at tunnel ground respectively, and wherein, all be equipped with at least one fastening structure on first support, second support and the arc support, fastening structure includes: the device comprises a spring and a fastening circular ring, wherein the fastening circular ring is used for fastening a detection optical cable penetrating through an inner hole of the fastening circular ring, one end of the spring is connected with a first support or a second support or an arc-shaped support, the other end of the spring is connected with an outer annular wall of the fastening circular ring, and the outer annular wall of the fastening circular ring is attached to the inner wall of a tunnel when the monitoring unit works.
In the traditional tunnel safety monitoring mode, for example, in the technical scheme of CN107631697A, the mode is that fixing pieces are arranged at the top of a tunnel at equal intervals, a detection optical cable passes through the fixing pieces, so that the detection optical cable naturally stretches, one end of the detection optical cable is connected with a monitoring host, namely, the fixing pieces are arranged at the top of the tunnel, the detection optical cable is fixed by the fixing pieces, but the applicant researches that the object monitored by a monitoring unit is a tunnel without a lining area, as no lining is easy to collapse or loosen, the vibration ratio such as excavation is large in the tunnel is frequently constructed, the fixing pieces are easy to drop by the fixing pieces to cause false alarm, in order to solve the problem that the fixing pieces are easy to drop to cause false alarm, the invention improves the hanging mode into the supporting mode, so as to avoid shaking or construction in the tunnel to cause the fixing pieces to drop, so as to cause bending deformation alarm of the detection optical cable, and the traditional mode can only monitor the deformation of the top of the tunnel, as to monitor the inner walls of the tunnel at the left side and the tunnel, as to adopt the supporting structure composed of a first bracket, a second bracket and an arc bracket, the supporting structure is used for supporting the tunnel, the traditional hanging fixing mode is adopted, vibration ratio is large vibration ratio such as to cause the vibration ratio such as excavation, the fixing mode is usually used in the tunnel, the vibration ratio is not influenced by the first bracket and the vibration ratio is not affected by the first bracket and the vibration mode is used to the vibration mode, and the vibration mode is used in the inner side of the inner bracket is fastened to the inner side of the first bracket is close to the supporting the tunnel, and the vibration mode is closely to the inner side of the vibration mode is not affected by the vibration ratio and the vibration mode is caused by the vibration condition is closely and the vibration condition is caused by the vibration condition, the deformation of the tunnel inner wall can be accurately measured, and further measurement can be carried out after the tunnel inner wall is deformed, so that the situation that the position of the detection optical cable is readjusted according to the traditional position of the fixing piece to be replaced is avoided, and the detection optical cable can be continuously used and continuously accurately monitored.
Preferably, a protective fence is arranged between two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units along the laying direction of the detection optical cables, each detection optical cable corresponds to one protective fence, the protective fence is an arc-shaped plate, two ends of the protective fence are respectively connected with the two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units, the detection optical cables between the two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units are positioned at the inner sides of the corresponding protective fences in the bending direction, the protective fences are positioned at one side of the detection optical cable, and the inner wall of a tunnel is positioned at the other side of the detection optical cable.
The invention provides a protective fence, which can prevent the detection optical cable from touching from the external object far away from the tunnel direction to the direction close to the tunnel to cause false alarm, and the protective fence is arc-shaped and is positioned on one side far away from the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the inner wall of the tunnel such as local soil dropping or stone loosening of the inner wall of the tunnel is not blocked, and the false alarm can be avoided and the interference to normal alarm can be avoided.
Preferably, the system further comprises: the detection unit is used for obtaining the video information, analyzing the video information, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not, obtaining a detection result, and sending the detection result to the background processing center, if the attachments in the detection result are judged to be strip-shaped objects, the attachments are hung on the surface of the monitoring unit, and the attachments do not trigger early warning, the background processing center sends a cleaning instruction to a preset terminal, and the attachments are cleaned based on the cleaning instruction.
The invention provides a method for detecting whether a suspended object which can lead to water seepage and aggregation is arranged on a detection optical cable or not by utilizing an image analysis processing technology, and the method comprises the steps of setting a corresponding detection unit, carrying out target recognition by the detection unit to detect whether the suspended object which can lead to water seepage and aggregation is arranged on the detection optical cable or not, informing field staff to carry out timely cleaning if the suspended object is arranged on the detection optical cable, and avoiding delay of a construction period caused by the false early warning after the suspended object is arranged.
Preferably, the detecting unit analyzes the video information, and determines whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments, and the obtaining the detection result specifically includes:
the detection unit splits the video information to obtain a plurality of first images, a first target recognition model is installed in the detection unit, and the first target recognition model is used for recognizing a monitoring unit in the first images to obtain first position information of the monitoring unit in the first images; the detection unit is provided with a judgment model which is used for judging whether a contact target in a first image is in contact with the monitoring unit or not based on the first position information, and if so, the contact target is taken out from the first image to obtain a contact target image; the detection unit is provided with a second target recognition model, the second target recognition model is used for recognizing a contact target in the contact target image, obtaining a recognition result, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not based on the recognition result, and obtaining the types of the attachments.
Preferably, the system further comprises a displacement unit, wherein the displacement unit is used for adjusting the position of the monitoring unit in the tunnel, and the position of the monitoring unit is required to be adjusted because the tunnel is dug deeper in the construction process of the tunnel, the monitoring area which is not built before is built with the lining later is built with the lining, and the newly dug tunnel area is required to be monitored.
Preferably, because the size in the tunnel is larger, the tunnel is usually monitored by dividing the tunnel into a plurality of areas, if each area is monitored, a plurality of sets of equipment are needed, and the cost is higher.
The novel rack comprises a first support, a second support and an arc-shaped support, wherein the first support, the second support and the arc-shaped support are respectively provided with a first slideway distributed along the direction of the respective rack body, the fastening structure further comprises a first slider, the first slider is embedded in the first slideway, the fastening structure is connected with the corresponding first support or second support or arc-shaped support in a sliding manner, one end of a spring is connected with the first slider, the other end of the spring is connected with an outer annular wall of the fastening ring, a first rack is fixed at the bottom in the first slideway along the extending direction of the first slideway, a second rack for meshing with the first rack is fixed at the bottom of the first slider along the extending direction of the first slideway, a second through hole is formed in the second rack, a first threaded through hole is formed in the first slider, one end of the lead screw sequentially penetrates through the first threaded through hole and the second through hole and then is connected with the second slider, the other end of the lead screw is connected with a rotary handle, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the tooth wall of each tooth groove on the surface of the first rack, the corresponding arc-shaped groove is communicated with the corresponding arc-shaped groove to form a second slideway for sliding the second slider, and the rotary handle is used for rotating to realize the meshing with the second rack and the first rack.
When the fixed position of the detection optical cable needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle is rotated, the screw rod moves towards the second slideway and is close to the arc-shaped groove, the second sliding block is further enabled to be in contact with the arc-shaped groove, then the screw rod is continuously rotated, the first sliding block is lifted away from the first slideway, the first rack is separated from the second rack, the first sliding block can be connected with the first slideway in a sliding mode, the second sliding block is connected with the second sliding block in a sliding mode, the first sliding block is moved, the movement of the detection optical cable is further achieved, the detection optical cable is moved to a proper position, then the screw rod is rotated in the opposite direction, the screw rod moves away from the second slideway and is far away from the arc-shaped groove, then the first rack and the second rack are in a delayed closing mode, the fixation of the first sliding block is achieved, the detection optical cable is further fixed, and false alarm caused by sliding of the detection optical cable in the use process is avoided.
The one or more technical schemes provided by the invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the invention can solve the problem of false alarm of the existing tunnel construction safety risk monitoring, improve the accuracy of the alarm in the tunnel and avoid delay of the tunnel construction period caused by false alarm.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for intelligently monitoring and early warning the safety risk of tunnel construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixing unit for a detection cable;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fastening structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a guard rail;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of a first slider;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the engagement and disengagement of the first rack and the second rack;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the first rack;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of an arcuate groove;
the device comprises a first bracket, a second bracket, a 3-arc bracket, a 4-spring, a 5-fastening circular ring, a 6-detection optical cable, a 7-tunnel inner wall, an 8-protection fence, a 9-first slideway, a 10-first sliding block, a 11-first rack, a 12-second rack, a 13-screw rod, a 14-rotary handle, a 15-second sliding block, a 16-tooth socket, a 17-tooth wall and an 18-arc groove, wherein the first bracket is a first bracket, the second bracket is a second bracket, the 3-arc bracket is a second bracket, the 4-spring, the 5-fastening circular ring is a 6-detection optical cable.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than within the scope of the description, and the scope of the invention is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for intelligently monitoring and early warning the security risk of tunnel construction, and the invention provides a system for intelligently monitoring and early warning the security risk of tunnel construction, which comprises:
the signal transmission unit is used for generating a first monitoring signal and transmitting the first monitoring signal to the monitoring unit; the signal sending unit can be a light source of an optical fiber, such as a strong coherent light source and the like;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel based on the first monitoring signal to obtain a second monitoring signal, and sending the second monitoring signal to the analysis unit; the monitoring unit can be a detection optical cable, and a sensing optical fiber is arranged in the detection optical cable;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the second monitoring signals to judge whether the tunnel has safety risks, if so, an analysis result is obtained, the time T of the second monitoring signals corresponding to the safety risks is recorded, the analysis unit can be a monitoring host and a light detector, and one end of a detection optical cable is connected with the monitoring host;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring video information of the monitoring unit, and the acquisition unit can be a camera and a video monitor;
the communication unit is used for transmitting the analysis result and the video information to the background processing center, and is communication equipment with data transmission capability, such as wired transmission equipment or wireless transmission equipment, such as a 4G or 5G communication module and the like;
the background processing center is used for analyzing the video information corresponding to the time T before and after the time T, judging whether a false touch monitoring unit exists or not, and if so, not performing early warning; if the analysis result does not exist, an early warning strategy is generated based on the analysis result, and early warning is carried out.
The time range before and after the time T is generally 5S or 10S, and the specific time length can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the monitoring image in the corresponding time period for generating the monitoring signal can be obtained.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the principle of monitoring tunnel deformation by using optical fiber sensing in the present system may refer to CN107631697a, and for this part of the principle, the present invention is not described in detail correspondingly.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the analysis result includes security risk information and first position information of a corresponding monitoring unit, and the background processing center analyzes video information corresponding to the time T before and after the time T to determine whether a false touch monitoring unit exists, including:
acquiring video information corresponding to the first position information in a period of time before and after the time T;
splitting the video information into a plurality of monitoring images;
analyzing the monitoring image to judge whether the monitoring image has a target touching the monitoring unit or not, wherein the judgment of whether the monitoring image has the target touching the monitoring unit or not can be realized through an image recognition technology, and the embodiment of the invention is not repeated for the image recognition technology;
if yes, identifying the target and obtaining type information of the target;
if the type of the target is a preset type, judging that the false touch monitoring unit exists, otherwise, judging that the false touch monitoring unit does not exist, wherein the preset type can be a construction tool or a constructor and the like, the target identification can be performed by utilizing a pre-trained target identification model, the training of the target identification model can be performed by constructing an image containing the target of the construction tool or the constructor in advance, then, marking the image to obtain a training set, and training the target identification model to obtain the target identification model capable of identifying the construction tool or the constructor.
In the embodiment of the invention, the background processing center is also used for storing the analysis result and the video information, and the information is stored and then needs to be backed up in order to realize safe storage, and the memory is positioned outside the tunnel, so that construction damage is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the surface of the monitoring unit is attached with a light-emitting unit, and the light-emitting unit is used for emitting light in a direction away from the inner wall of the tunnel. The light emitting unit may be LED lighting or the like or fluorescent lamp or the like.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, and a sensing optical fiber is disposed in the detection optical cable, and the generating an early warning strategy based on the analysis result specifically includes:
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber breaks, the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops constructing, and constructors withdraw the tunnel;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent, and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than or equal to a second threshold value, the early warning strategy broadcasts early warning information in the tunnel and sends a detection instruction to a preset terminal in the tunnel, wherein the sizes of the first threshold value and the second threshold value can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the method is not limited specifically;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a second threshold value, the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops construction, and constructors withdraw the tunnel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing unit for a detection optical cable, the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, a sensing optical fiber is disposed in the detection optical cable, and the system further includes:
the number of the detection optical cable fixing units distributed along the laying direction of the detection optical cable can be adjusted according to the size of the area of the unlined region or the size of the monitoring region in the tunnel, the detection optical cable fixing units are used for supporting and fixing the detection optical cable, and the detection optical cable fixing units comprise: the first support 1, second support 2 and arc support 3, wherein, the both ends of arc support are connected with the upper end of first support and the upper end of second support respectively, and the lower extreme of first support and second support are used for fixing at tunnel ground respectively, and wherein, all be equipped with at least one fastening structure on first support, second support and the arc support, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is fastening structure's schematic structure, fastening structure includes: the device comprises a spring 4 and a fastening circular ring 5, wherein the fastening circular ring is used for fastening a detection optical cable 6 penetrating through an inner hole of the fastening circular ring, one end of the spring is connected with a first bracket or a second bracket or an arc-shaped bracket, the other end of the spring is connected with an outer circular ring wall of the fastening circular ring, and the outer circular ring wall of the fastening circular ring is attached to the inner wall 7 of a tunnel when the monitoring unit works.
Wherein, first support and second support and arc support select for use the material relatively hard material generally to have better intensity, and first support, second support and arc support are usually with the size matching in the tunnel, distribute and arc through both sides and avoid causing the influence to construction area and space in the tunnel.
The two ends of the arc-shaped support and the upper ends of the first support and the second support can be connected in a welding or threaded mode, the lower ends of the first support and the second support can be directly inserted and fixed on the ground of a tunnel, and the arc-shaped support can be fixed on a movable trolley, so that the movable trolley can be used for conveniently adjusting the subsequent monitoring positions.
The size of the inner diameter of the fastening ring is matched with the outer diameter of the detection optical cable, and the spring is in a compressed state when the monitoring unit works.
The number of the fastening structures on the first bracket, the second bracket and the arc-shaped bracket can be adjusted according to the monitoring area and the monitoring requirement.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic installation diagram of a protection fence, a protection fence 8 is disposed between two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units along a detection optical cable laying direction, each detection optical cable corresponds to one protection fence, the protection fence is an arc plate, two ends of the protection fence are respectively connected with two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units, the detection optical cable between two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units is located at the inner side of the corresponding protection fence bending direction, the protection fence is located at one side of the detection optical cable, the inner wall of the tunnel is located at the other side of the detection optical cable, the protection fence is designed to prevent the deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel from interfering, if the protection fence is located between the inner wall of the tunnel and the detection optical cable, stones or earth blocks falling down are blocked by the protection fence and cannot fall on the detection optical cable, so that the detection optical cable cannot monitor the protection fence, and the monitoring is inaccurate, therefore, on one hand, the protection fence is utilized to prevent false alarm caused by mistaken touch due to external factors, and on the other hand, the installation position of the protection fence is required to accurately avoid the situation that the alarm should be given off and alarm is not given.
Wherein, the protection rail can be the guard plate, and is equipped with the light trap on the guard plate, and on the one hand printing opacity constructor sees suggestion light, on the other hand utilizes the light trap also can permeate water and avoid ponding.
The size of the protective fence can be adjusted according to actual needs and the size of the detection optical cable.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises:
the detection unit is used for obtaining the video information, analyzing the video information, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not, obtaining a detection result, and sending the detection result to the background processing center, if the attachments in the detection result are judged to be strip-shaped objects, the attachments are hung on the surface of the monitoring unit, and the attachments do not trigger early warning, the background processing center sends a cleaning instruction to a preset terminal, and the attachments are cleaned based on the cleaning instruction.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the detecting unit analyzes the video information, and determines whether the surface of the monitoring unit has an attachment, where the obtaining a detection result specifically includes:
the detection unit splits the video information to obtain a plurality of first images, generally into a plurality of frame images, a first target recognition model is installed in the detection unit, and the first target recognition model is used for recognizing a monitoring unit in the first images to obtain first position information of the monitoring unit in the first images; the detection unit is provided with a judgment model which is used for judging whether a contact target in a first image is in contact with the monitoring unit or not based on the first position information, and if so, the contact target is taken out from the first image to obtain a contact target image; the detection unit is provided with a second target recognition model, the second target recognition model is used for recognizing a contact target in the contact target image, obtaining a recognition result, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not based on the recognition result, and obtaining the types of the attachments.
The first target recognition model is a pre-training model, a training set is firstly constructed by utilizing an image containing the monitoring unit, then the target recognition model is trained by utilizing the training set to obtain the first target recognition model, and the position of the monitoring unit in the first image is obtained by utilizing image analysis and positioning means after recognition.
The judging model judges whether a contact target in a first image is in contact with the monitoring unit based on the first position information, specifically: first, first position information is found in the image, then whether a target overlaps with the monitoring unit is found in the first position information, and if so, the contact target is judged to be in contact with the monitoring unit.
The second target recognition model is a pre-training model, a training set is firstly constructed by utilizing an image containing attachments, then the target recognition model is trained by utilizing the training set, the second target recognition model is obtained, and the training attachments are usually selected from rubber belts, woven bags, data lines and the like which are commonly appeared in a tunnel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a displacement unit, where the displacement unit is used to adjust a position of the monitoring unit in the tunnel. The displacement unit can be a travelling car, and wheels of the travelling car are braking wheels, so that the travelling car can be stably fixed when not required to move.
In order to achieve the position adjustment and convenient adjustment of the optical detection cable and the fixation stability after adjustment, the embodiment of the present invention further improves the optical detection cable fixation unit, please refer to fig. 5-8, fig. 5 is a schematic installation view of the first slider, fig. 6 is a schematic cooperation and separation view of the first rack and the second rack, fig. 7 is a schematic structure view of the first rack, and fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the arc-shaped groove, wherein:
the first slide 9 distributed along the direction of the frame body is arranged on the first support, the second support and the arc-shaped support, the fastening structure further comprises a first slide 10, the first slide is embedded in the first slide, the fastening structure is connected with the corresponding first support or second support or arc-shaped support in a sliding manner, one end of the spring is connected with the first slide, the other end of the spring is connected with the outer annular wall of the fastening ring, a first rack 11 is fixed at the bottom in the first slide along the extending direction of the first slide, a second rack 12 for meshing with the first rack is fixed at the bottom of the first slide along the extending direction of the first slide, a first threaded through hole is arranged on the first slide, a second through hole is arranged on the second rack, one end of the screw 13 sequentially penetrates through the first threaded through hole and the second through hole and then is connected with the second slide 15, the other end of the screw is connected with the rotary handle 14, an arc-shaped groove 18 is formed in the middle of the tooth wall 17 of each tooth socket 16 on the first surface, the arc-shaped groove is communicated with the corresponding arc-shaped handle of the corresponding second slide to form the second slide for sliding of the second slide, and the second rack is used for realizing the separation of the first rack and the second rack.
When the fixed position of the optical cable is detected in need of adjustment, the rotating handle is rotated at this time, the screw rod is provided with threads and the first threaded through hole, so that the screw rod can move in the threaded through hole when rotating, the screw rod moves towards the second slideway, namely, moves close to the arc-shaped groove, further, the second sliding block is enabled to be contacted with the arc-shaped groove, the second slideway is designed to enable the second slideway to be convenient for sliding of the second sliding block, further, the adjustment of the position of the first sliding block is realized, then the screw rod is continuously rotated, the first sliding block is lifted in the direction away from the first slideway, the first rack is separated from the second rack, at this time, the first sliding block can be connected with the first sliding way in a sliding manner, and the second sliding block is connected with the second sliding manner, so that the first sliding block moves, further, the optical cable is detected, the optical cable moves to a proper position, then the screw rod is rotated in the opposite direction, the direction is enabled to move away from the second slideway, namely, the direction away from the arc-shaped groove, the first sliding block is reset, the first sliding block is enabled to be combined with the second sliding block, the first sliding block is enabled, then the first sliding block is enabled to be separated from the sliding block, and the optical cable is prevented from being caused by the false sliding.
The first sliding block is completely embedded in the first sliding way in practical application, the first sliding block can partially leak out of the first sliding way and can be located in the first sliding way in the process that the screw rod rotates to drive the first sliding block to move upwards, but the first sliding block needs to be partially located in the first sliding way to avoid derailment of the first sliding block, and a blocking structure can be arranged on the first sliding way to prevent the first sliding block from falling off from the first sliding way in order to prevent derailment.
The first slide way on the first bracket, the second bracket and the arc-shaped bracket can be communicated to form an integral slide way.
The gear surface of the first rack faces the opening direction of the first slide way.
The flat surface of the second rack is fixedly attached to the bottom of the first sliding block, the gear surface of the second rack faces to the inner bottom of the first slideway, and the length of the second rack is matched with that of the first sliding block.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel construction safety risk intelligent monitoring early warning system which characterized in that, the system includes:
the signal transmission unit is used for generating a first monitoring signal and transmitting the first monitoring signal to the monitoring unit;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel based on the first monitoring signal to obtain a second monitoring signal, and sending the second monitoring signal to the analysis unit;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the second monitoring signals to judge whether the safety risk exists in the tunnel, if so, an analysis result is obtained, and the time T of the second monitoring signals corresponding to the safety risk exists is recorded;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring video information of the monitoring unit;
the communication unit is used for transmitting the analysis result and the video information to the background processing center;
the background processing center is used for analyzing the video information corresponding to the time T before and after the time T, judging whether a false touch monitoring unit exists or not, and if so, not performing early warning; if the analysis result does not exist, an early warning strategy is generated based on the analysis result, and early warning is carried out.
2. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 1, wherein the analysis result includes safety risk information and first position information of a corresponding monitoring unit, the background processing center analyzes the video information corresponding to the time before and after the time T, and judges whether a false touch monitoring unit exists, and the intelligent monitoring and early warning system specifically includes:
acquiring video information corresponding to the first position information in a period of time before and after the time T;
splitting the video information into a plurality of monitoring images;
analyzing the monitoring image, and judging whether a target touching a monitoring unit exists in the monitoring image;
if yes, identifying the target and obtaining type information of the target;
if the type of the target is the preset type, judging that the false touch monitoring unit exists, otherwise, judging that the false touch monitoring unit does not exist.
3. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 1, wherein the background processing center is further used for storing analysis results and video information.
4. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the safety risk of tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the monitoring unit is attached with a light-emitting unit, and the light-emitting unit is used for emitting light in a direction away from the inner wall of the tunnel.
5. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, a sensing optical fiber is arranged in the detection optical cable, and the early warning strategy is generated based on the analysis result, and specifically comprises:
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber breaks, the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops constructing, and constructors withdraw the tunnel;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent, and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than or equal to a second threshold value, the early warning strategy is to broadcast early warning information in the tunnel, and send a detection instruction to a preset terminal in the tunnel;
when the analysis result is that the sensing optical fiber is bent and the bending amplitude of the sensing optical fiber is larger than a second threshold value, the early warning strategy is that the tunnel stops construction, and constructors withdraw the tunnel.
6. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit is a detection optical cable, and a sensing optical fiber is arranged in the detection optical cable, and the system further comprises:
the fixed unit of detection optical cable that a plurality of distributes along detection optical cable laying direction, detection optical cable fixed unit is used for supporting and fixing the detection optical cable, and wherein, detection optical cable fixed unit includes: the utility model provides a first support, second support and arc support, wherein, the both ends of arc support are connected with the upper end of first support and the upper end of second support respectively, and the lower extreme of first support and second support is used for fixing at tunnel ground respectively, and wherein, all be equipped with at least one fastening structure on first support, second support and the arc support, fastening structure includes: the device comprises a spring and a fastening circular ring, wherein the fastening circular ring is used for fastening a detection optical cable penetrating through an inner hole of the fastening circular ring, one end of the spring is connected with a first support or a second support or an arc-shaped support, the other end of the spring is connected with an outer annular wall of the fastening circular ring, and the outer annular wall of the fastening circular ring is attached to the inner wall of a tunnel when the monitoring unit works.
7. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the safety risk of tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein a protective fence is arranged between two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units along the laying direction of the detection optical cables, each detection optical cable corresponds to one protective fence, the protective fence is an arc-shaped plate, two ends of the protective fence are respectively connected with the two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units, the detection optical cable between the two adjacent detection optical cable fixing units is located on the inner side of the corresponding protective fence in the bending direction, the protective fence is located on one side of the detection optical cable, and the inner wall of the tunnel is located on the other side of the detection optical cable.
8. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:
the detection unit is used for obtaining the video information, analyzing the video information, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not, obtaining a detection result, and sending the detection result to the background processing center, if the attachments in the detection result are judged to be strip-shaped objects, the attachments are hung on the surface of the monitoring unit, and the attachments do not trigger early warning, the background processing center sends a cleaning instruction to a preset terminal, and the attachments are cleaned based on the cleaning instruction.
9. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for tunnel construction safety risk according to claim 8, wherein the detecting unit analyzes the video information to determine whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments, and the detecting result comprises:
the detection unit splits the video information to obtain a plurality of first images, a first target recognition model is installed in the detection unit, and the first target recognition model is used for recognizing a monitoring unit in the first images to obtain first position information of the monitoring unit in the first images; the detection unit is provided with a judgment model which is used for judging whether a contact target in a first image is in contact with the monitoring unit or not based on the first position information, and if so, the contact target is taken out from the first image to obtain a contact target image; the detection unit is provided with a second target recognition model, the second target recognition model is used for recognizing a contact target in the contact target image, obtaining a recognition result, judging whether the surface of the monitoring unit has attachments or not based on the recognition result, and obtaining the types of the attachments.
10. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the safety risk of tunnel construction according to claim 1, further comprising a displacement unit, wherein the displacement unit is used for adjusting the position of the monitoring unit in the tunnel.
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