CN116424480A - Hatch coaming structure capable of counting total longitudinal strength - Google Patents
Hatch coaming structure capable of counting total longitudinal strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN116424480A CN116424480A CN202310302807.XA CN202310302807A CN116424480A CN 116424480 A CN116424480 A CN 116424480A CN 202310302807 A CN202310302807 A CN 202310302807A CN 116424480 A CN116424480 A CN 116424480A
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/48—Decks
- B63B3/54—Hatch openings
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hatch coaming structure which counts the total longitudinal strength, wherein the hatch coaming structure on a deck is a continuous pipeline structure; the coaming of the pipeline structure comprises: the device comprises a first longitudinal hatch coaming in a ship at each port and starboard at the hatch, a second longitudinal hatch coaming at each port and starboard, a hatch coaming plate positioned at the tops of the first longitudinal hatch coaming and the second longitudinal hatch coaming, a curvature plate connected with the hatch coaming plate in a smooth transition manner, and a plane plate connected with the curvature plate; and the first longitudinal hatch coaming and the second longitudinal hatch coaming are provided with lightening holes. The invention does not increase the highest point position of the longitudinal continuous members, additionally increases the longitudinal continuous members of the hatch coaming plate and the port and starboard to participate in the total longitudinal strength together, is simpler and more convenient in construction than the prior art, further improves the total longitudinal strength and the local strength of the structure, and also realizes the ideal weight reduction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hatch coaming structure, in particular to a hatch coaming structure with total longitudinal strength, and belongs to the technical field of ship design.
Background
When the ship is sailing at sea, it is subjected to wave loads from waves in addition to gravity, buoyancy, inertial forces and the like acting on the entire hull, which give rise to total longitudinal bending of the hull. The hull is considered as a hollow beam with a varying cross section, the ability to resist total longitudinal bending being referred to as the total longitudinal strength of the hull. Hull elements taking part in resisting the total longitudinal bending, i.e. taking part in the total longitudinal strength, are called longitudinal strength elements, such as longitudinal continuous elements of outer plates, inner bottom plates, decks, longitudinal bulkheads, stringers, longitudinal bones, etc. The total longitudinal strength has extremely high relation to ensuring the navigation safety of the ship. Insufficient overall longitudinal strength can cause structural deformation and damage, and in severe cases can cause hull breakage.
The cargo area of a cargo ship will generally be divided into several independent cargo holds, each cargo hold having a large opening, i.e. a hatch, and in order to ensure weather tightness of the cargo hold, the periphery of the hatch needs to be sealed with a pair of transverse hatch coamings and a pair of longitudinal hatch coamings, and the top is covered with a hatch cover. The middle shaft of the cross section of the cargo ship is relatively close to the ship bottom plate and far away from the main deck, so that the total longitudinal bending stress borne by the top cabin inclined plate and the top end of the outer plate, especially the main deck, is maximum, the sizes of plates in the areas and aggregate on the plates are generally larger, the weight is also relatively larger, in order to effectively reduce the total longitudinal bending stress in the three areas, further, the weight reduction of the ship is realized, the parts participating in the total longitudinal strength are required to be increased at the positions near the main deck, and the longitudinal hatch coamings are changed from intermittent to continuous so that a good weight reduction effect can be achieved.
In the conventional discontinuous type longitudinal hatch coaming design, the hatch coaming only plays a role of ensuring weather tightness of the cargo hold, supporting various cushion blocks, thrust blocks and other devices under the hatch cover, and since the longitudinal hatch coaming is discontinuous along the ship length direction, no benefit can be brought to the total longitudinal strength, and the weight of the part is wasted in an intangible way, as shown in fig. 2.
Thus, in order to solve this problem, the prior art proposes a new improvement, fig. 3 being a design of a conventional cargo ship in a transverse view, and the design of the continuous longitudinal hatch coaming of the prior art in a transverse view is completely identical to the design, the only difference being that the design in the longitudinal view is different, see fig. 1. According to the improvement scheme, a section of flat steel is adopted between the longitudinal hatch coamings of two cargo holds for transition, and according to the definition of the related specification of the ship structural design, a longitudinal strong member which effectively participates in the total longitudinal strength can be obtained by drawing two tangential lines which form 15 degrees with the ship length direction. As shown in fig. 1, the hatched portion is a member participating in the total longitudinal strength, but since the solution only includes a longitudinal hatch coaming on the port and starboard sides to participate in the total longitudinal strength, the weight reduction effect is not ideal, and the benefit brought by the total longitudinal strength is discounted, specifically analyzed as follows:
the existing improved longitudinal hatch coaming design scheme has the advantages that the longitudinal hatch coamings of the port and the starboard participate in the total longitudinal strength, the hatch coamings at the moment can play roles in guaranteeing weather tightness of cabins and supporting various cushion blocks, thrust blocks and other devices under a hatch cover, and the longitudinal hatch coamings are continuous along the ship length direction, so that the total longitudinal strength can be improved, and the total longitudinal overall stress level can be reduced. However, the continuous longitudinal hatch coamings are arranged on the main deck, and according to the content of relevant specifications of the structural design of the ship, the influence of the newly added longitudinal continuous components on the deck is considered when calculating the section modulus of the main deck of the ship, the further away from the neutral axis, the greater the total longitudinal bending stress is for the cross section of the hull beam, the longer the longitudinal components are added on the main deck, the distance between the furthest structure of the hull beam and the neutral axis is increased, and the total longitudinal strength of the hull beam is required to be met according to the structure at the worst position. Thus, in combination, the benefit of this approach to overall column strength is a discount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hatch coaming structure which is counted in total longitudinal strength, and the hatch coaming structure is further improved on the basis of the continuous design scheme of the existing improved longitudinal hatch coaming: the highest point position of the longitudinal continuous members is not increased, the longitudinal continuous members of the hatch coaming plate and the port and starboard are additionally increased to participate in the total longitudinal strength, the construction is simpler and more convenient than the prior art, the total longitudinal strength and the local strength of the structure are further improved, and the ideal weight reduction effect is realized.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hatch coaming structure which counts the total longitudinal strength, wherein the hatch coaming structure on the deck is a continuous pipeline structure; the coaming of the pipeline structure comprises: the device comprises a first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 positioned at a port and a starboard, a second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 positioned at the port and starboard and a starboard, a hatch coaming plate 1 positioned at the tops of the first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 and the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3, a curvature plate 14 connected with the hatch coaming plate 1 in a smooth transition manner, and a plane plate 13 connected with the curvature plate 14; and the first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 and the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 are provided with lightening holes.
Preferably, the plane plate 13 is also provided with a lightening hole.
Preferably, the duct structure further includes a lower longitudinal panel 9 of the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 on the side of the gangway.
Preferably, the coaming of the pipeline structure further comprises a transverse plate 4, and a first passing hole 5 for reducing weight, enabling rainwater to flow and enabling people to pass is formed in the transverse plate 4.
Further, a second passing hole 6 for weight reduction, ballast water circulation and personnel passing is formed below the first passing hole 5 and below the main deck 7.
Further, a second through hole 6 is formed in the transverse plate 4.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal schematic view of a continuous design of a prior art modified longitudinal hatch coaming.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal schematic view of a design of a conventional discontinuous longitudinal hatch coaming.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional and existing modified hatch coaming design.
Fig. 4 is a schematic lateral view of the hatch coaming structure of the present invention accounting for total longitudinal strength.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a conventional and existing modified hatch coaming in a lateral partial view. Where (a) is a partial enlarged VIEW of fig. 3, and (b) is a VIEW in (a).
Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a hatch coaming structure incorporating total longitudinal strength according to the present invention. Wherein (a) is a partial enlarged view of fig. 4, (B) is a sectional view taken from A-A in (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken from B-B in (a).
Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional view (starboard view) of the hatch coaming structure of the present invention accounting for total longitudinal strength.
Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional view (port view) of the hatch frame structure of the present invention accounting for the total longitudinal strength.
In the figure, a hatch coaming plate 1, a first longitudinal hatch coaming plate 3, a second longitudinal hatch coaming plate 4, a transverse plate 5, a first passing hole 6, a second passing hole 7, a main deck 8, a hatch area 9, a longitudinal plate 10, a first longitudinal rib 11, a second longitudinal rib 12, a transverse rib 13, a plane plate 14, a curvature plate 15 and a roof deck sloping plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Description: hereinafter, the "transverse" refers to the direction of the ship's cross section, and the "longitudinal" refers to the ship's longitudinal cross section direction (i.e., the broadside direction).
In the prior improved designs, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, in order to allow more components to participate in the total longitudinal strength, although the longitudinal hatch coamings are changed from intermittent to continuous design schemes, the weight reduction effect is not ideal because only one longitudinal hatch coamings on the port and starboard are involved in the total longitudinal strength. On the basis of the existing improved design, the invention additionally adds the hatch coaming plate, the longitudinal hatch coaming plate close to the side and the longitudinal continuous plate below the hatch coaming plate to participate in the total longitudinal strength, achieves the ideal weight reduction effect, has good optimization effect on bearing the local load of the hatch cover due to the design of a pipeline type, and can also adopt common fillet welds instead of penetration welds of the existing design for welding the bracket below the hatch coaming with the main deck and welding the panel of the bracket below the hatch coaming with the main deck.
Examples:
in order to solve the defects proposed by the above and background technologies, the embodiment further improves the continuous design scheme of the prior improved longitudinal hatch coaming, compared with the prior continuous design scheme, the highest point position of the longitudinal continuous members is not increased, the longitudinal continuous members of the hatch coaming plate 1 and the port and starboard are additionally increased to participate in the total longitudinal strength together, the construction is simpler and more convenient than the prior scheme, the total longitudinal strength and the local strength of the structure are further improved, and the ideal weight reduction effect is also realized. The concrete explanation is as follows:
the following describes the design of the novel continuous longitudinal hatch coaming of this embodiment, fig. 4 is a transverse view of the design, which is of the pipeline type, since it is a structure of the pipeline type built on the main deck. Compared with the traditional cargo ship, the components participating in the total longitudinal strength are mainly added with the hatch coaming plate 1, the longitudinal hatch coaming 2 in the ship of each port and starboard, the longitudinal hatch coaming 3 of each port and starboard of the ship, and the lower longitudinal plate 9 of the longitudinal hatch coaming of the port and starboard of the port.
Compared with the design of the prior improved continuous longitudinal hatch coaming, the component participating in the total longitudinal strength mainly increases the hatch coaming top plate 1, the longitudinal hatch coaming 3 on the side of each port and starboard, and the lower longitudinal plate 9 of the longitudinal hatch coaming on the side of the port and starboard. For the cargo ship, due to the structural characteristics of the cargo ship, the position of the middle shaft is relatively close to the bottom of the ship, and the main deck is correspondingly far away from the middle shaft, according to the relevant physical knowledge, the position far away from the middle shaft is the largest in bearing the external bending moment load, so that the total longitudinal bending stress of the main deck is the largest, the total longitudinal strength plays a role in determining the plate thicknesses of the side roof and the roof side deck risers, the main deck and the sizes of the bone materials on the members, and in order to improve the total longitudinal strength of the members in the region, the plate thickness and the bone material size are large, and the weight of the region occupies a large proportion in the total structural weight. The present invention adds members that participate in the overall longitudinal strength in this area, greatly aids in weight loss of existing members.
The invention adds several components that participate in the overall longitudinal strength. The longitudinal hatch coaming 2 in the ship is a structural member which is common to the traditional scheme and the improved scheme, so that the section has no structural change on the cross section, and the longitudinal section is consistent with the improved scheme, as shown in figure 1; for the added port and starboard longitudinal hatch coaming 3, both the conventional cargo ship and the existing modification are shown in fig. 5, and the new hatch coaming design is shown in section A-A of fig. 6. The VIEW a of fig. 5 is a panel of a longitudinal rib and a toggle plate under a hatch coaming plate, and considering that the local load of a hatch cover above is relatively large, only the toggle plate and the panel of the toggle plate are supported, the structure is weak, and the end stress is relatively large, so that the specification forces that the area 1 in the drawing needs to adopt partial penetration welding, the area 2 needs to adopt full penetration welding to ensure effective transmission of the stress; for the lower longitudinal structure of the longitudinal hatch coaming on the side of the ship, the design form of the traditional cargo ship and the prior improved scheme is shown in fig. 3, the prior structure is that two longitudinal bones on a main deck and a top side cabin, generally adopts T-shaped materials, the T-shaped materials are not particularly convenient to construct because of small construction space, the scheme is changed into a longitudinally continuous perforated plate to replace the prior T-shaped materials, the convenience of construction is greatly improved, and the improvement of the invention can be considered to be not much lighter than the perforated plate scheme of the invention because the web plate height of the T-shaped materials and the panel height of the traditional scheme and the prior improved scheme are not much lighter. In order to ensure the longitudinal continuity of the top plate, the top plate adopts a transition mode of combining a plane plate and a curvature plate at the transition section of different cargo compartment hatches, long holes are formed in the top plate at the transition section, so that the people can pass through and flow of rainwater can be facilitated, the effect of weight reduction can be achieved, the lateral view of the transition section is shown as A-A section in fig. 6, the vertical view of the transition section is shown as a B-B section in fig. 6, the plane plate part of the top plate is at a certain distance from a transverse strong frame and is smoothly transited to a sloping plate beside through an arc, the sloping plate is smoothly transited to the plane plate part of the top plate through the arc, and the three-dimensional view is shown as fig. 7 and 8.
Referring to fig. 4, 6, 7 and 8, a hatch coaming structure which takes into total longitudinal strength is formed in a continuous pipeline structure; the coaming of the pipeline structure comprises: the device comprises a first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 positioned at a port and a starboard, a second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 positioned at the port and starboard and a starboard, a hatch coaming plate 1 positioned at the tops of the first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 and the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3, a curvature plate 14 connected with the hatch coaming plate 1 in a smooth transition manner, and a plane plate 13 connected with the curvature plate 14; and the first longitudinal hatch coaming 2 and the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 are provided with lightening holes.
Referring to fig. 7, the plane plate 13 is also provided with a lightening hole.
Referring to fig. 4 and 8, the duct structure further includes a lower longitudinal panel 9 of the second longitudinal hatch coaming 3 on the side of the gangway.
Referring to fig. 4 and 8, the coaming of the pipeline structure further comprises a transverse plate 4, and a first passing hole 5 for weight reduction, rainwater flowing and passing of people is formed in the transverse plate 4.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 8, a second through hole 6 for weight reduction, ballast water circulation and personnel passing is formed below the first through hole 5 and below the main deck 7.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 8, a second passage opening 6 is also provided in the transverse plate 4.
The invention mainly solves the problems that in the prior hatch coaming structure design, the longitudinal coaming and the top plate of the hatch coaming do not participate in the total longitudinal direction and only can participate in the local strength, so that the weight is wasted. The key point is that the hatch coaming plate, the left side and the right side are respectively provided with two longitudinal continuous coamings, and the longitudinal plates below the deck of the left side and the right side are jointly involved in the total longitudinal strength, so that the construction is simpler and more convenient than the existing scheme, the total longitudinal strength and the local strength of the structure are further improved, and the ideal weight reduction effect is realized. The protection point of the invention is the brand new design of the longitudinal continuous hatch coaming.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the general inventive concept, and such changes and modifications should be considered as falling within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hatch coaming structure that counts total longitudinal strength, its characterized in that:
the hatch coaming structure on the deck is a continuous pipeline structure;
the coaming of the pipeline structure comprises:
a first longitudinal hatch coaming (2) which is positioned at the port and the starboard and is close to the ship, a second longitudinal hatch coaming (3) which is positioned at the port and the starboard and is close to the port and the starboard,
A hatch coaming plate (1) positioned at the tops of the first longitudinal hatch coaming (2) and the second longitudinal hatch coaming (3),
A curvature board (14) connected with the hatch coaming board (1) in a smooth transition way,
A plane plate (13) connected to the curvature plate (14);
and lightening holes are formed in the first longitudinal hatch coaming (2) and the second longitudinal hatch coaming (3).
2. The hatch coaming structure of claim 1, wherein the total longitudinal strength is accounted for, wherein: the plane plate (13) is also provided with a lightening hole.
3. The hatch coaming structure of claim 1, wherein the total longitudinal strength is accounted for, wherein: the duct structure further comprises a lower longitudinal panel (9) of the second longitudinal hatch coaming (3) alongside.
4. The hatch coaming structure of claim 1, wherein the total longitudinal strength is accounted for, wherein: the coaming of pipeline structure still includes horizontal board (4), offer on horizontal board (4) and be used for subtracting heavy, rainwater trickling and supply the current first passing hole (5) of people.
5. The hatch coaming structure accounting for total longitudinal strength of claim 4, wherein: and a second passing hole (6) for weight reduction, ballast water circulation and personnel passing is formed below the first passing hole (5) and below the main deck (7).
6. The hatch coaming structure accounting for total longitudinal strength as defined in claim 5, wherein: the second passing hole (6) is arranged on the transverse plate (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310302807.XA CN116424480A (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Hatch coaming structure capable of counting total longitudinal strength |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310302807.XA CN116424480A (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Hatch coaming structure capable of counting total longitudinal strength |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116424480A true CN116424480A (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310302807.XA Pending CN116424480A (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Hatch coaming structure capable of counting total longitudinal strength |
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- 2023-03-27 CN CN202310302807.XA patent/CN116424480A/en active Pending
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