CN116421671A - 基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物、制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物、制剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,包含以下中药组分:金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子、蒲公英、牛黄和牛胆粉,上述中药组分按重量计,金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g、牛胆粉10g。该中药组合物在五味消毒饮的基础上增加了动物成分,如牛黄和牛胆粉,牛黄性甘,可作为使药中和金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英的寒性;增加的牛胆粉则是由哺乳动物肝脏分泌的牛胆汁制作而成,而牛胆汁的化学结构和人类胆汁相类似,因而可直接用于人体,牛胆汁可以帮助人体化学分解脂肪并吸收维生素,促进脂肪肝的逆转,降低肝火,与金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英相配增加药物的清热功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,具体涉及基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
痛风性关节炎(gouty arthritis,GA),通常是指因为长期过量摄入高嘌呤高蛋白的食物、过度饮酒、情绪紧张或过度疲劳等而诱发嘌呤的不正常代谢,使得单钠尿酸盐(Monosodium Urate, MSU)析出并在关节囊、软骨、骨质或其他组织沉积所致的炎症反应。目前,在西医中治疗急性痛风性关节炎的药物主要是非甾体类抗炎药、糖皮质激素与秋水仙碱等一线药物,有指南还推荐急性期的患者也需使用降尿酸的药物。这些药物治疗作用明显,在短期内能取得良好的疗效,但同时毒副作用也相当明显:如非甾体类抗炎药最多见的不良反应是胃肠道反应,严重者会诱发胃肠道出血甚至胃穿孔;秋水仙碱治疗窗较窄,用量稍大则会出现抑制骨髓、导致肝细胞坏死等急性毒副作用;糖皮质激素会导致血糖血脂代谢异常、诱发骨质疏松等。临床在使用这些药物时,常需要与其它药物进行联合用药或严格规定用法用量,以减少其不良反应的发生率,但部分患者服药的依从性较差,对服用的药物认知不够清晰,严重影响了药物的正确使用以及患者的预后情况。
中医注重辨证施治,强调整体观念,在遣方用药的时候,也注重君臣佐使的搭配,通过不同药物的配伍可以减轻甚至抵消部分药物的毒副作用。重要的是,中药内服治疗急性痛风性关节炎的不良反应发生率明显低于单纯口服西药的,并且中药内服的有效性也优于单纯西药治疗,亦有使用小剂量西药联合中药内服治疗,效果也较好。
五味消毒饮来源于古典医籍《医宗金鉴》,被收录于国家中医药管理局发布的《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》之中,该方由金银花、野菊花、蒲公英、天葵子与紫花地丁组成。现代药理学研究表明,金银花主要含有黄酮类、有机酸类与挥发油类的有效成分,可显著减轻蛋清及角叉菜胶所致的小鼠足肿胀的程度,并且与糖皮质激素类相似,对急性炎症有较好的治疗效果,具有良好的解热、抗炎作用,同时在抗菌、抗病毒、抗护肝利胆及增强免疫力等方面均具较显著功效;蒲公英有清热解毒、消肿散结的作用,临床上用于消炎、凉血、解毒的方剂中常用蒲公英配伍,其中含有的如酚酸类、蒲公英素、胆碱等成分有利尿、利胆、加快炎性因子吸收速度的作用,还可减轻患者关节红肿疼痛、活动受限等症状。野菊花中含多种微量元素、氨基酸、菊酯等,具消肿止痛、清热解毒的功效,对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌等致病菌均具强效抑制作用。有研究表明,野菊花中主要的抗炎组分为蒙花苷、绿原酸、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。紫花地丁属于清热解毒药,其中与高尿酸血或痛风相关的化学成分有芹菜素、菊苣酸、肉豆蔻酸等。另外,有研究报道紫花地丁的水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌有较好的抑菌作用;而在动物实验中,能减轻二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀以及角叉菜胶所致的足肿胀程度。天葵子中的主要有效成分为内酯类、香豆素类、生物碱类以及酚酸类,具有抑菌、消炎、抗氧化的作用。
五味消毒饮作为古中药配方,具有良好的清热解毒、消散疔疮之功效果。由于生活水平的提高,现代人的脂肪摄入量较大,高血脂、脂肪肝等引起的热毒证候者尤甚,直接将五味消毒饮不加改良而直接应用于由高血脂、脂肪肝等引起的热毒证候的人难以取得以往的治疗效果。同时,由于五味消毒饮仅有金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英五味药材多属寒性,苦味较大,对部分胃寒者具有一定的伤害,因此也需要增加性味甘的组分以改善五味消毒饮的寒性。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供了基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,该中药组合物在五味消毒饮的基础上增加了动物制剂,如牛黄和牛胆粉,牛黄性甘,可中和金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英的寒性,且牛黄具有清热解毒、祛风解痉、化痰开窍的功效,与金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英相配伍增加药物的解毒功效;增加的牛胆粉则是由哺乳动物肝脏分泌的牛胆汁制作而成,而牛胆汁的化学结构和人类胆汁相类似,因而可直接用于人体,牛胆汁可以帮助人体化学分解脂肪并吸收维生素,促进脂肪肝的逆转,降低肝火,与金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英相配增加药物的清热功效;该中药组合物调整了各药物组分的配比,减轻植物制剂中药物的植物毒性,对人体更加友好。
为了达到上述技术效果,本发明通过以下技术方案实现的:
基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,包含以下中药组分:
金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子、蒲公英、牛黄和牛胆粉。
上述中药组分按重量计,金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g、牛胆粉10g。
由上述中药组分制成的制剂,其剂型可为片剂、粉剂、胶囊和口服液中的一种。
由上述中药组分制成粉剂,包括以下步骤:
S1、打粉:取金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g进行打粉;
S2、混合:将步骤S1中打磨好的中药粉末过50目筛后与牛胆粉进行混合,混合后封装于干燥的容器中保存备用。
本发明的有益效果如下:该中药组合物在五味消毒饮的基础上增加了动物成分,如牛黄和牛胆粉,牛黄性甘,可作为使药中和金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英的寒性,且牛黄具有清热解毒、祛风解痉、化痰开窍的功效,与金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英相配伍增加药物的解毒功效;增加的牛胆粉则是由哺乳动物肝脏分泌的牛胆汁制作而成,而牛胆汁的化学结构和人类胆汁相类似,因而可直接用于人体,牛胆汁可以帮助人体化学分解脂肪并吸收维生素,促进脂肪肝的逆转,降低肝火,与金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英相配增加药物的清热功效;该中药组合物调整了各药物组分的配比,减轻植物制剂中药物的植物毒性,对人体更加友好。
实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本方中,金银花、蒲公英和牛胆粉共为君药,野菊花、紫花地丁和天葵子共为臣药,牛黄为佐药。
本发明的中药组合物中,本方中金银花及蒲公英,二者均具寒、甘、苦之性味,前者入肾、胃经,后者则入肝、胃经,甘能补能缓,有止痛消炎之功效,苦能泄能燥,有清泻火热、燥湿等作用,金银花药性甚缓,用于治疗势急之病时,应变缓为急,加大用量,使其力更专而气更勇猛,金银花清热解毒、清宣透邪之余而不伤阴,蒲公英长于泻阳明之火,主治内外热毒壅结所致诸证,攻多于补,牛胆汁为寒性药,味苦。归肝、胆、肺经,牛胆汁具有清除异常黏液质、止咳、通窍、清肝明目、利胆通便、解毒消肿的功效,,牛胆汁具有抗炎、抗菌、抗过敏、抗病毒、镇咳、祛痰、平喘、促进胆汁分泌等作用,能直达肝胆,促进胆汁分泌进而促进肝的消化和解毒功能,肝顺则火下,三者共同作为君药。
野菊花与紫花地丁均具苦、辛之味,亦属寒性,苦能泻火,辛能散气;天葵子味甘、苦,性寒,三味中药均有清热解毒、消肿凉血之效。其中野菊花尤专治于“痈肿疔毒,瘰疬眼翳”,紫花地丁则能“行经泻火,散肿消毒”,天葵子能“散诸疮肿,攻痈疽,排脓定痛”,三者共为臣药。
本发明中,牛黄,性凉、味甘,归心经、肝经,具有清心、化痰、利胆、镇惊的功效,治热病神昏、谵语,癫痫发狂,小儿惊风抽搐,牙疳,喉肿,口舌生疮,痈疽,疔毒等症状。牛黄可中和金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子和蒲公英的寒性,故为佐药。
本发明公开的基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,包含以下中药组分:
金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子、蒲公英、牛黄和牛胆粉。
上述中药组分按重量计,金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g、牛胆粉10g。
由上述中药组分制成的制剂,其剂型可为片剂、粉剂、胶囊和口服液中的一种。
由上述中药组分制成粉剂,包括以下步骤:
S1、金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g进行打粉;
S2、混合:将步骤S1中打磨好的中药粉末过50目筛后与牛胆粉进行混合,混合后封装于干燥的容器中保存备用。
下面将通过具体的病例以验证基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物的清热解毒效果:
病例1
患者张某某,女,30岁,于2021年11月初诊,患者在受凉感冒后双膝关节疼痛,双侧耳廓红肿热痛,胸锁关节压痛(+),鼻部压痛(-),诊断考虑为“复发性多软骨炎”,给予西药醋酸泼尼松片55mg,口服,1次/天,病情好转;于2022年3月再次复发,遂服用本发明基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物制成的粉剂,3次/天,冲服,10mg/次,于2022年5月复诊,耳廓红肿热痛消失,胸锁关节和鼻部压痛消失。
病例2
患者陈某,男,8岁,于2022年1月就诊,患儿高烧4天,轻咳无痰,精神不振,嗜睡头晕,头痛,恶心呕吐,食后即吐,大便干燥,四日未行,腹疼,经用青霉素、四环素以及输液等治疗,均未见效,舌苔黄厚,舌红,脉浮滑数,右侧腮腺中等肿大,初步诊断为流行性腮腺炎;服用本发明基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物制成的粉剂,3次/天,冲服,5mg/次,于2022年2月复诊,高烧消退且未再发生,舌苔红润且光滑。
病例3
患者王某,男,53岁,2021年12月初诊。素日扁桃体肥大,常感冒发热,2d前又发热,体温38.8℃,咽痛,咳嗽不甚,苔白微腻,诊断为风热型感冒,服用本发明基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物制成的粉剂,3次/天,冲服,10mg/次,于2022年1月随访,患者发热消失且未再复发,咳嗽消失。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
Claims (4)
1.基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,包含以下中药组分:
金银花、野菊花、紫花地丁、天葵子、蒲公英,其特征在于,还包括牛黄和牛胆粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物,其特征在于,所述述中药组分按重量计,金银花15g、野菊花10g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g、牛胆粉10g。
3.由权利要求1所述的基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物制成的制剂,其剂型可为片剂、粉剂、胶囊和口服液中的一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的基于五味消毒饮的清热解毒中药组合物制成粉剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、打粉:取金银花15g、野菊花15g、蒲公英15g、紫花地丁10g、天葵子10g、牛黄10g进行打粉;
S2、混合:将步骤S1中打磨好的中药粉末过50目筛后与牛胆粉进行混合,混合后封装于干燥的容器中保存备用。
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