CN116413523A - Low-temperature superconducting magnet quench detection method based on acceleration signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature superconducting magnet quench detection method based on acceleration signals, which utilizes acceleration signal data of a superconducting magnet in a preset time period before detection time to respectively obtain a first judgment time and a second judgment time through parallel logic, judges whether the superconducting magnet is quenched according to the first judgment time and the second judgment time, and obtains quench time of the superconducting magnet under the condition that the superconducting magnet is quenched. The invention can realize quench detection of the multi-coil superconducting magnet and single-coil superconducting magnet by measuring the dynamic signals, and simultaneously avoid measurement delay and improve detection speed. The invention adopts parallel logic to respectively obtain the first judging moment and the second judging moment, thereby improving the detection sensitivity. The invention can solve the technical problem that the quench time of the superconducting magnet cannot be detected in time by the quench detection method of the superconducting magnet in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature superconducting magnet quench detection, in particular to a low-temperature superconducting magnet quench detection method based on acceleration signals.
Background
Superconducting wires made of low-temperature metal have zero resistance characteristics under extremely low temperature conditions, and play an important role in such technical and engineering applications as high-current and high-intensity magnetic fields are required. The superconducting coil wound from the superconducting wire is excited with a large current, and a superconducting magnet having a strong magnetic field characteristic can be obtained.
The superconducting magnet has been widely used in the fields of medical equipment, magnetic levitation transportation, and military industry, etc., due to its characteristics of providing a strong magnetic field and a strong magnetic force. The superconducting magnet applied in the magnetic levitation transportation field often works in high dynamic environments such as strong vibration, high electromagnetic excitation and the like, and the high dynamic superconducting magnet often has a certain quench risk. After the superconducting magnet is quenched, the superconducting magnet can lose a superconducting state and a strong electromagnetic force, and the stable operation of the superconducting magnet and surrounding equipment is seriously influenced. Therefore, the method effectively and quickly detects the quench moment of the high-dynamic single-coil low-temperature superconducting magnet, and quickly shuts down the operation equipment, thereby playing a vital role in the safe operation of the equipment.
Currently, there are three main ways to measure quench of superconducting magnets:
(1) The voltage measurement is carried out on the superconducting magnet, when the superconducting magnet loses time out, the quench voltage of the superconducting magnet can be measured, so that whether the superconducting magnet is quenched or not can be judged through the voltage measurement;
(2) The superconducting magnet is subjected to magnetic field measurement, and after the superconducting magnet is quenched, the strong magnetic field generated by the superconducting magnet can be rapidly reduced, so that whether the superconducting magnet is quenched or not can be judged through the magnetic field measurement;
(3) And after the superconducting magnet is quenched, energy can be released and a large amount of heat is generated, and the temperature of the coil can be greatly increased, so that whether the coil is quenched or not is judged through the temperature.
However, the three methods have certain limitations, and the quench time of the superconducting magnet cannot be detected in time, and specific disadvantages are as follows:
(1) Voltage measurement
In the voltage measurement mode, in the superconducting magnet using a plurality of coils connected in series, the quench voltage of the coils can be detected quickly. However, for a single-coil superconducting magnet, since the voltage signal line is short-circuited by the superconducting switch, only the quench point is transmitted to the superconducting switch after the magnet is quenched, and the coil quench voltage can be detected by the voltage signal line after the superconducting switch is also in a quench state. Therefore, for a high-dynamic single-coil superconducting magnet, voltage signal measurement is not timely for magnet quench detection, and even quench voltage cannot be measured.
(2) Magnetic field measurement
The magnetic field measurement mode can meet quench detection of most superconducting magnets. But for high dynamic superconducting magnets, there is often limited space outside of them to mount hall sensors, transducers and their signal transmission cables, etc. In addition, after the superconducting magnet is quenched, the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet is slowly reduced in the initial quench stage, so that the requirements on the rapidness and timeliness of the quench detection of the superconducting magnet cannot be well met.
(3) Temperature measurement
The temperature measurement mode is not affected by whether the superconducting magnet is a single coil or not and whether the superconducting magnet is in a high dynamic environment or not. But there are two drawbacks to temperature measurement: firstly, quench of a superconducting magnet is often triggered by one point and further extends to the whole coil, and temperature measurement can only be carried out on the magnet by a plurality of points, so that when the superconducting magnet coil is quenched at a position far away from a temperature measuring point, the temperature measurement mode has poor timeliness for quench detection; secondly, the temperature sensor is adhered to the superconducting coil, and the temperature of the superconducting coil after the superconducting magnet is quenched is conducted to the temperature of the temperature sensor, the measurement sensitivity of the temperature sensor and the like, and the temperature sensor has certain time delay, so that the timeliness of temperature measurement is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-temperature superconducting magnet quench detection method based on an acceleration signal, which can solve the technical problem that the superconducting magnet quench detection method in the prior art cannot timely detect the magnet quench moment.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of detecting quench of a cryogenic superconducting magnet based on an acceleration signal, the method comprising:
s10, at the current time T i As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40;
s20, obtaining an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment;
s30, sorting peak frequencies of acceleration spectrums of the superconducting magnet according to the order from large to small, obtaining first n peak frequencies, and converting to S60;
s40, performing low-pass filtering on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment to obtain a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet;
s50, obtaining the maximum value and the root mean square of a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet, and turning to S60;
s60, judging whether all peak frequencies in the obtained n peak frequencies are larger than a preset frequency, judging whether the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, determining that the following time T is i+1 As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40, otherwise turning to S70;
s70, judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched when at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is smaller than a preset threshold value in the obtained n peak frequencies, and taking the detection moment as the quenching moment of the superconducting magnet;
a low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet with all peak frequencies greater than a preset frequency among the n peak frequencies obtainedJudging that the superconducting magnet is quenched under the condition that the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, and determining the time T corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet j As quench time of the superconducting magnet;
judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched under the condition that at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value in the obtained n peak frequencies, and based on the detection time and the time T corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet j And obtaining the quench time of the superconducting magnet.
Preferably, in S10, at the current time T i As a detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time includes: at the current time T i As the detection time, the slave T is acquired i From time-DeltaT to T i Acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a time period, wherein the value range of DeltaT is 10-50 ms.
Preferably, in S20, obtaining the acceleration spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on the acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in the preset period of time before the detection time includes: performing discrete Fourier transform on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time to obtain an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet.
Preferably, in S30, n is in the range of 1 to 5.
Preferably, in S60, the preset frequency has a value ranging from 10 to 20Hz.
Preferably, in S60, the preset threshold value is set to a value ranging from 10 to 20.
Preferably, in S70, in the case where at least one peak frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency and a ratio of a maximum value of a low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet to a root mean square is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value among the obtained n peak frequencies, a quench time of the superconducting magnet is obtained by:
T Qch ＝(T i +T j )/2；
wherein T is Qch T is quench time of superconducting magnet i To detect the moment, T j The time corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any of the methods described above when executing the computer program.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the first judging moment and the second judging moment are respectively obtained by utilizing acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment through parallel logic, whether the superconducting magnet is quenched or not is judged according to the first judging moment and the second judging moment, and the quenching moment of the superconducting magnet is obtained under the condition that the superconducting magnet is quenched. The invention can realize quench detection of the multi-coil superconducting magnet and single-coil superconducting magnet by measuring the dynamic signals, and simultaneously avoid measurement delay and improve detection speed. The invention adopts parallel logic to respectively obtain the first judging moment and the second judging moment, thereby improving the detection sensitivity.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of a method for detecting quench of a cryogenic superconducting magnet based on an acceleration signal provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a method for detecting quench of a cryogenic superconducting magnet based on an acceleration signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a method for detecting quench of a low-temperature superconducting magnet based on an acceleration signal, which comprises the following steps:
s10, at the current time T i As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40;
s20, obtaining an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment;
s30, sorting peak frequencies of acceleration spectrums of the superconducting magnet according to the order from large to small, obtaining first n peak frequencies, and converting to S60;
s40, performing low-pass filtering on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment to obtain a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet;
s50, obtaining the maximum value and the root mean square of a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet, and turning to S60;
s60, judging whether all peak frequencies in the obtained n peak frequencies are larger than a preset frequency, judging whether the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, determining that the following time T is i+1 As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40, otherwise turning to S70;
s70, judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched when at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is smaller than a preset threshold value in the obtained n peak frequencies, and taking the detection moment as the quenching moment of the superconducting magnet;
judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched under the condition that all peak frequencies in the obtained n peak frequencies are larger than a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, and corresponding the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnetT-shaped engraving j As quench time of the superconducting magnet;
judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched under the condition that at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value in the obtained n peak frequencies, and based on the detection time and the time T corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet j And obtaining the quench time of the superconducting magnet.
The method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a first judging moment and a second judging moment by utilizing acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before a detection moment through parallel logic, judging whether the superconducting magnet is quenched according to the first judging moment and the second judging moment, and obtaining the quenching moment of the superconducting magnet under the condition that the superconducting magnet is quenched. The invention can realize quench detection of the multi-coil superconducting magnet and single-coil superconducting magnet by measuring the dynamic signals, and simultaneously avoid measurement delay and improve detection speed. The invention adopts parallel logic to respectively obtain the first judging moment and the second judging moment, thereby improving the detection sensitivity.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in S10, at the current time T i As a detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time includes: at the current time T i As the detection time, the slave T is acquired i From time-DeltaT to T i Acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a time period, wherein the value range of DeltaT is 10-50 ms.
Through the setting of the value range of the DeltaT, inaccurate measurement results caused by overlarge value are avoided, and the reduction of measurement speed caused by overlarge value is also avoided.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in S20, obtaining an acceleration spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet for a preset period of time before the detection time includes: performing discrete Fourier transform on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time to obtain an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in S30, n has a value ranging from 1 to 5. Further, n may be 3.
Through the setting of the value range of n, inaccurate measurement results caused by too small value are avoided, and the reduction of measurement speed caused by too large value is also avoided.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in S60, the preset frequency has a value ranging from 10 to 20Hz.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in S60, the preset threshold value ranges from 10 to 20.
Through the setting of the value range of the preset threshold, inaccurate measurement results caused by overlarge value are avoided, and misjudgment caused by overlarge value is also avoided.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in S70, in the case where at least one peak frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square of the low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the quench timing of the superconducting magnet is obtained by:
T Qch ＝(T i +T j )/2；
wherein T is Qch T is quench time of superconducting magnet i To detect the moment, T j The time corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet.
The method of the present invention will be described in detail below using a high-dynamic single-coil low-temperature superconducting magnet as an example.
In this embodiment, the high-dynamic single-coil low-temperature superconducting magnet comprises an inner Dewar, an outer Dewar and a superconducting coil, wherein the inner Dewar is arranged in the outer Dewar, liquid helium is contained in the inner Dewar, and the superconducting coil is completely immersed in the liquid helium so as to ensure that the superconducting coil always has a low-temperature environment and state. The heat generated by the high dynamic environment of the superconducting coil can be absorbed by liquid helium, so that the superconducting coil is maintained at low temperature; the liquid helium absorbs heat and then gasifies into helium. The volume ratio of liquid helium to helium is typically around 700, so that liquid helium absorbs heat to produce a very large volume of cold helium.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the superconducting magnet loses time, the superconducting coil loses energy, the quench point locally rises in temperature, and the temperature rise causes liquid helium to absorb heat and volatilize rapidly, so that a large amount of helium is generated; a large amount of helium gas generated in a short time cannot be removed in time, the helium gas is rapidly accumulated in the inner Dewar, and then is rapidly released, and the process of helium gas accumulation and release can cause the inner Dewar to generate obvious low-frequency vibration; the method comprises the steps that an acceleration sensor is arranged on the surface of an inner Dewar, and vibration of the inner Dewar is detected to obtain an acceleration signal; and finally, processing the acceleration signal by adopting the method to obtain the quench time of the superconducting magnet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method is not limited by the number of coils of the superconducting magnet, and can be used for measuring single-coil and multi-coil superconducting magnets;
(2) The method is not limited by the slow temperature conduction influence after the superconducting magnet is quenched, and the detection can be quickly performed after the superconducting magnet is locally quenched;
(3) The method is not limited by the external space of the superconducting magnet, and the detection sensor can be arranged inside the superconducting magnet.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any of the methods described above when executing the computer program.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting quench of a low temperature superconducting magnet based on an acceleration signal, the method comprising:
s10, at the current time T i As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40;
s20, obtaining an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment;
s30, sorting peak frequencies of acceleration spectrums of the superconducting magnet according to the order from large to small, obtaining first n peak frequencies, and converting to S60;
s40, performing low-pass filtering on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection moment to obtain a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet;
s50, obtaining the maximum value and the root mean square of a low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet, and turning to S60;
s60, judging whether all peak frequencies in the obtained n peak frequencies are larger than a preset frequency, judging whether the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, determining that the following time T is i+1 As the detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time, and simultaneously turning to S20 and S40, otherwise turning to S70;
s70, judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched when at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is smaller than a preset threshold value in the obtained n peak frequencies, and taking the detection moment as the quenching moment of the superconducting magnet;
judging that the superconducting magnet is quenched under the condition that all peak frequencies in the obtained n peak frequencies are larger than a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, and determining the moment T corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet j As quench time of the superconducting magnet;
judging that the superconducting magnet is out of the N obtained peak frequencies under the condition that at least one peak frequency is smaller than or equal to a preset frequency and the ratio of the maximum value of the low-pass filtering signal of the superconducting magnet to the root mean square is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, and based on the detection moment and the maximum value pair of the low-pass filtering signals of the superconducting magnetMoment of response T j And obtaining the quench time of the superconducting magnet.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S10, at the current time T i As a detection time, acquiring acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time includes: at the current time T i As the detection time, the slave T is acquired i From time-DeltaT to T i Acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a time period, wherein the value range of DeltaT is 10-50 ms.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in S20, obtaining an acceleration spectrum of the superconducting magnet based on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet for a preset period of time before the detection time includes: performing discrete Fourier transform on acceleration signal data of the superconducting magnet in a preset time period before the detection time to obtain an acceleration frequency spectrum of the superconducting magnet.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in S30 n is in the range 1 to 5.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S60, the preset frequency has a value ranging from 10 to 20Hz.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S60, the preset threshold value is in the range of 10 to 20.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S70, in the case where at least one of the obtained n peak frequencies is less than or equal to a preset frequency and a ratio of a maximum value to a root mean square of a low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, a quench timing of the superconducting magnet is obtained by:
T Qch ＝(T i +T j )/2；
wherein T is Qch T is quench time of superconducting magnet i To detect the moment, T j The time corresponding to the maximum value of the low-pass filtered signal of the superconducting magnet.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of any of claims 1-7 when the computer program is executed.
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