CN116383942A - Design method and device of main arch structure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method and a device for a main arch structure of a wood arch gallery bridge, which are based on the traditional construction technology and modern engineering theory of the wood arch gallery bridge. The invention can economically, reasonably and reliably design the sagittal ratio of the main arch structure, the length of the seedling rod and the diameter of the section. The traditional wood arch gallery bridge construction technology has the problems of low reliability, limited basis, dependence on experience of a worker and the like; the existing design method based on the inheritance of the worker's pedigree family has different design ideas due to the fact that the worker's pedigree is different, and has the problems that the design flow is complex, scientific verification of modern mechanics is not performed, and the like, and safety and economy are difficult to guarantee in practical engineering application. Compared with the traditional method, the method has higher robustness, is more economical, environment-friendly and reliable, and can design the main arch structure of the wood arch gallery bridge conveniently and reliably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wood structure arch bridge design, in particular to a method and a device for designing a main arch structure.
Background
At present, a plurality of precious wood arch gallery bridges such as an wanan bridge, wen Xingqiao and the like are damaged and destroyed under the influence of natural factors and human factors. Since 2003, the birthday, jing Ning and Taishu are original forms of historic humanity in the recovery area, so that the wood arch gallery bridge is better protected and inherited, the cultural beliefs are recovered, the tourism industry is driven, and the wood arch gallery bridge is selectively restored and rebuilt. However, the worker who grasps the traditional building technology of the wood arch gallery bridge is greatly reduced for various reasons, the building technology faces the risk of losing transmission, the traditional building technology of the wood arch gallery bridge is only transmitted through the experience accumulation port of the worker family, the structural design safety is lack of verification of modern scientific theory, and the core value of the Chinese wood arch gallery bridge as the world cultural heritage cannot be fully displayed.
Therefore, the invention combines the traditional construction technology and applies the modern structural engineering theory to develop the design of the main arch structure of the wood arch gallery bridge. The invention not only digs the traditional building technology of the wood arch gallery bridge, but also protects the urgent need of the existing wood arch gallery bridge, and is a inheritance of the traditional building technology of the wood arch gallery bridge. The invention can provide reference for the practical problems of the future construction such as the reconstruction design, construction, repair and reinforcement of the main arch structure of the wood arch gallery bridge, and has great engineering application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a design method and a device of a main arch structure.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a design method of a main arch structure comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a proper bridge site according to traffic and landscape requirements and shore-based conditions, and determining the clear span L of the main arch structure according to the river width at the bridge site;
the main arch structure comprises a three-section seedling system and a five-section seedling system, and the three-section seedling system comprises a first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 Oblique seedlings S of the second three-section seedlings 3 Wherein, the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is the same length; the five-section seedling system comprises a first five-section seedling downward-inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 First, theOblique seedling W on two-five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Wherein, the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The lengths of the first five seedlings are the same, and the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Is the same length;
step 2: setting initial value sagittal ratio f 1 0.17, calculate the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a);
step 3: three seedlings were counted Ping Miao S 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (2);
step 4: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 And a net span L, calculating the first five-section seedling lower inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a);
step 5: according to the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 3 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The length of the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 2 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional diameter of the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W obtained in the step 4 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Building a finite element model of the main arch structure by the length and the section diameter, calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure, if the stress or the deflection of part of the rods of the main arch structure exceeds the limit value specified in the wooden structure design standard GB50005-2017, increasing the section diameter of the overrun rods, and then calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure again until the main arch is reachedThe stress and deflection of all the rods of the structure are smaller than the standard limit value.
Further, the step 2 specifically includes the following substeps:
step 2.1: setting initial value sagittal ratio f of main arch structure 1 0.17, calculating by using a formula (1) to obtain a first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of l 1 ：
Step 2.2: the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 1 The three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Is of cross-sectional diameter D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design of first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 11.4l 1 +226, three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 10.8l 1 +211。
Further, the step 3 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: taking the left half part of the three-section seedling system as a basic system of a force method, and calculating the three-section seedling Ping Miao S by the following formula 2 Mid-span stress σ of (a):
wherein M is three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the coefficient delta 11 The calculation formula of (2) is
Free term delta 1P The calculation formula of (2) is +.>
Wherein l is the first third-section seedling oblique seedling S when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (2); θ is the first five-seedling downward-inclination seedling W when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Included angle with horizontal plane and first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 An included angle with the horizontal plane; θ=arcsin (H/L), h=f×l, H is the sagittal height of the main arch structure; e is the elastic modulus; i 1 Is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional moment of inertia, I 2 Is three-section seedling Ping Miao S 2 Is a cross-sectional moment of inertia of (a); q is an even load value;
through the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Establishing a moment balance equation by taking the intersection point of the bottom of the (E) and the horizontal plane as an origin, and deducing to obtain three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Axial force F:
wherein F is 1 Is an external load of a three-section seedling system, the value of the external load is 0.135qL, and the action position is Ping Miao S of the three-section seedling 2 Left and right 1/4 positions; f (F) 2 The external load of the three-section seedling system is 0.205qL, and the action position is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The intersection point;
obtaining three seedlings Ping Miao S through the formula (2) -formula (4) 2 The mid-span stress sigma versus the mid-span ratio f;
step 3.2: three-node seedling Ping Miao S determined based on step 3.1 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S through a formula (1) 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of (1) 2 。
Further, the step 4 specifically includes the following substeps:
step 4.1: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 Obtaining θ 2 ＝arcsin(H 2 /l 2 )，H 2 ＝f 2 * L is; inclined seedling S of first three-section seedling 1 The intersection point of the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S is taken as an origin, the longitudinal bridge direction is taken as an x axis, the vertical bridge direction is taken as a y axis, a plane coordinate system is established, and the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S is determined 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 3 ，y 3 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
y 3 ＝f 2 L；
step 4.2: determining the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 6 ，y 6 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
wherein beta is the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The length ratio of (2) is calculated as follows:
then determining the first five-section seedling falling inclined seedling W 1 The coordinate of the intersection point with the vertical plane is (x 5 ，y 5 ) Wherein x is 5 ＝0，
Then determining the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 8 ，y 8 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
y 8 ＝y 3 +h; which is a kind ofWherein k is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),
h is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The vertical distance from the intersection point of the first third section of seedling to the inclined seedling S1 is h=L/80;
calculating to obtain the first five-section seedling declined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Length P of (2) 1 ，
Calculating to obtain the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Length P of (2) 2 ，
Calculating to obtain five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Length P of (2) 3 ，P 3 ＝L-2x 8 ；
Step 4.3: the first five-section seedling is inclined down to seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 3 The first five seedlings are inclined to one another and are W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 4 The five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 3 Not less than 9.4P 1 +217, first five seedlings are inclined to one side and are planted with W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 4 Not less than 11.5P 2 +183, five seedlings Ping Miao W 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 5 Not less than 13.3P 3 +230。
The invention also provides a device for designing the main arch structure, which comprises one or more processors and is used for realizing the method for designing the main arch structure.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program for implementing the above-described design method of the main arch structure when executed by a processor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The sagittal ratio determination method can rapidly determine the sagittal ratio value of the main arch structure, and minimizes the stress of three seedlings Ping Miao of the main arch structure under the same load while reducing the construction consumable of the main arch structure;
(2) The method for determining the ox head coordinates is favorable for the stress of the main arch structure. In addition, the relation among the nodes of the main arch structure is expressed by using a mathematical formula, so that the lengths of all seedling rods of the five-section seedling system can be calculated rapidly and accurately;
(3) The design formula of the diameter of the section of the seedling rod in the invention realizes the rapid design and selection of the section of the seedling rod component;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of designing a main arch structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a main arch structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-section seedling system;
FIG. 4 is a force method solving bending moment diagram of a three-section seedling system, wherein FIG. 4 (a) is a semi-structural schematic diagram of the three-section seedling system, FIG. 4 (b) is a bending moment diagram of a structural static base under the action of unit force, and FIG. 4 (c) is a bending moment diagram of an original structural load acting on the structural static base;
FIG. 5 shows a three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 A graph of mid-span stress sigma versus mid-span ratio f;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a main arch structure;
fig. 7 is a structural view of a design device of a main arch structure.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only, and not all the examples. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a method for designing a main arch structure of a wood arch gallery bridge, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and selecting a proper bridge site according to traffic and landscape requirements and shore-based conditions, and determining the clear span L of the main arch structure according to the river width at the bridge site, wherein the clear span L is basically the same as the river width at the bridge site.
As shown in fig. 2, the main arch structure comprises a three-section seedling system and a five-section seedling system, wherein the three-section seedling system comprises a first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 Oblique seedlings S of the second three-section seedlings 3 Wherein, the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is the same length; the five-section seedling system comprises a first five-section seedling downward-inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Wherein, the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The lengths of the first five seedlings are the same, and the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Is the same length.
In this embodiment, the main arch structure is a main arch structure of a pre-built wood arch gallery bridge, and the net span L is 29.5m.
Step 2: setting initial value sagittal ratio f 1 0.17, calculate the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a).
The step 2 specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 2.1: setting initial value sagittal ratio f of main arch structure 1 0.17, calculating by using a formula (1) to obtain a first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of l 1 ：
In the embodiment, a first third-section oblique seedling S is calculated 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of l 1 10.67m.
Step 2.2: the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 1 The three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Is of cross-sectional diameter D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design of first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 11.4l 1 +226, three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 10.8l 1 +211。
In this embodiment, a first three-section oblique seedling S is designed 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 1 327mm, and three seedlings Ping Miao S are designed 2 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 2 Is 347mm.
Step 3: three seedlings were counted Ping Miao S 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (c).
The step 3 specifically comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: taking the left half part of the three-section seedling system as a basic system of a force method, and calculating the three-section seedling Ping Miao S by the following formula 2 Mid-span stress σ of (a):
wherein M is three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the coefficient delta 11 The calculation formula of (2) is
Free term delta 1P The calculation formula of (2) is +.>
Wherein l is the first third-section seedling oblique seedling S when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (2); θ is the first five-seedling downward-inclination seedling W when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Included angle with horizontal plane and first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Included angle with horizontal plane, first five-section seedling lower inclined seedling W 1 And the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Parallel; θ=arcsin (H/L), h=f×l, H is the sagittal height of the main arch structure; e is the elastic modulus; i 1 Is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional moment of inertia, I 2 Is three-section seedling Ping Miao S 2 Is a cross-sectional moment of inertia of (a); q is an even load value, which can be 1kN/m; f is the sagittal ratio.
Through the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Establishing a moment balance equation by taking the intersection point of the bottom of the (E) and the horizontal plane as an origin, and deducing to obtain three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Axial force F:
wherein F is 1 Is an external load of a three-section seedling system, the value of the external load is 0.135qL, and the action position is Ping Miao S of the three-section seedling 2 Left and right 1/4 positions; f (F) 2 The external load of the three-section seedling system is 0.205qL, and the action position is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 At the intersection point, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Obtaining three seedlings Ping Miao S through the formula (2) -formula (4) 2 The mid-span stress sigma versus the mid-span ratio f.
In the present practiceIn the embodiment, three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The mid-span stress σ versus the mid-span ratio f is shown in fig. 5.
Step 3.2: three-node seedling Ping Miao S determined based on step 3.1 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S through a formula (1) 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of (1) 2 。
In this example, as can be taken from FIG. 5, three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The corresponding value of the mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimum is 0.175, i.e. the mid-span ratio f 2 =0.175; using a sagittal ratio f 2 =0.175 the first third-section oblique seedling S is calculated again by formula (1) 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of (1) to give l 2 ＝10.72m。
Step 4: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 And a net span L, calculating the first five-section seedling lower inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a);
the step 4 specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 4.1: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 Obtaining θ 2 ＝arcsin(H 2 /l 2 )，H 2 ＝f 2 * L is; as shown in FIG. 3, the first three-section seedling is used for oblique seedling S 1 The intersection point with the horizontal plane is the origin, the longitudinal bridge direction is the x axis, the vertical bridge direction is the y axis, a plane coordinate system is established, the coordinates are (0, 0), and the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S is determined 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 3 ，y 3 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
step 4.2: determining the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 6 ，y 6 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
wherein beta is the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The length ratio of (2) is calculated as follows:
then determining the first five-section seedling falling inclined seedling W 1 The coordinate of the intersection point with the vertical plane is (x 5 ，y 5 ) Wherein x is 5 ＝0，
Then determining the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 8 ，y 8 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
y 8 ＝y 3 +h; wherein k is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),
h is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The vertical distance from the intersection point of the first third section of seedling to the inclined seedling S1 is h=L/80;
by coordinates (x) 5 ，y 5 ) And coordinates (x) 6 ，y 6 ) Calculating to obtain the first five-node seedling declining seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Length P of (2) 1 ，
By coordinates (x) 6 ，y 6 ) And coordinates (x) 8 ，y 8 ) Calculated to obtainTo the first five seedlings to be inclined seedlings W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Length P of (2) 2 ，
Calculating to obtain five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Length P of (2) 3 ，P 3 ＝L-2x 8 ；
In this example, h= 368.75mm; θ 2 28.8 °; beta is 0.71; x is x 6 ＝6.490m，y 6 ＝3.989m；x 5 ＝0m，y 5 ＝0.421m；x 8 ＝12.143m，y 8 = 5.531m; first five-section seedling lower inclined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Length P of (2) 1 7.406m; oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Length P of (2) 2 5.860m; five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Length P of (2) 3 5.213m.
Step 4.3: the first five-section seedling is inclined down to seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 3 The first five seedlings are inclined to one another and are W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 4 The five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 3 Not less than 9.4P 1 +217, first five seedlings are inclined to one side and are planted with W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 4 Not less than 11.5P 2 +183, five seedlings Ping Miao W 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 5 Not less than 13.3P 3 +230。
In this embodiment, the first five seedlings are inclined to one side and are 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 3 286mm, the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 4 250mm; five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 5 Five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 5 Is 286mm.
Step 5: according to the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 3 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The length of the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 2 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional diameter of the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W obtained in the step 4 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 And (3) establishing a finite element model of the main arch structure according to the length and the section diameter of the main arch structure, calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure, and if the stress or the deflection of part of the rods of the main arch structure exceeds the limit value specified in the wooden structure design standard GB50005-2017, calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure again after increasing the section diameter of the overrun rods until the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure are smaller than the standard limit value.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the finite element model of the main arch structure has the maximum stress of five seedlings Ping Miao W under the combined action of constant live load 3 The span of the steel is-8.8 MPa, which is less than 11MPa of the design value of the bending strength of the material. The maximum deflection is located in five seedlings Ping Miao W 3 The deflection ratio is 1/359, which is less than the specification limit value of 1/250.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 7, an apparatus for designing a main arch structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes one or more processors configured to implement the method for designing a main arch structure in the above embodiment.
The embodiment of the design device of the main arch structure can be applied to any device with data processing capability, and the device with data processing capability can be a device or a device such as a computer. The apparatus embodiments may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, the device in a logic sense is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in a nonvolatile memory into a memory by a processor of any device with data processing capability. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 7, a hardware configuration diagram of an apparatus with data processing capability where the design apparatus with a main arch structure of the present invention is located is shown in fig. 7, and in addition to a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 7, the apparatus with data processing capability where the apparatus is located in an embodiment generally includes other hardware according to an actual function of the apparatus with data processing capability, which is not described herein again.
The implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device is specifically shown in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be described herein again.
For the device embodiments, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments for the relevant points, since they essentially correspond to the method embodiments. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the design method of the main arch structure in the above embodiment.
The computer readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit, such as a hard disk or a memory, of any of the data processing enabled devices described in any of the previous embodiments. The computer readable storage medium may be any external storage device that has data processing capability, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), an SD Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), or the like, which are provided on the device. Further, the computer readable storage medium may include both internal storage units and external storage devices of any data processing device. The computer readable storage medium is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the arbitrary data processing apparatus, and may also be used for temporarily storing data that has been output or is to be output.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described, and that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, for the purposes of those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The design method of the main arch structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: selecting a proper bridge site according to traffic and landscape requirements and shore-based conditions, and determining the clear span L of the main arch structure according to the river width at the bridge site;
the main arch structure comprises a three-section seedling system and a five-section seedling system, and the three-section seedling system comprises a first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 Oblique seedlings S of the second three-section seedlings 3 Wherein, the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is the same length; the five-section seedling system comprises a first five-section seedling downward-inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Wherein, the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The lengths of the first five seedlings are the same, and the first five seedlings are inclined seedlings W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Is the same length;
step 2: setting initial value sagittal ratio f 1 0.17, calculate the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Three sections Miao PingSeedling S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a);
step 3: three seedlings were counted Ping Miao S 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (2);
step 4: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 And a net span L, calculating the first five-section seedling lower inclined seedling W 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 Length and cross-sectional diameter of (a);
step 5: according to the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 3 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The length of the first three-section inclined seedling S obtained in the step 2 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional diameter of the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W obtained in the step 4 1 Oblique seedling W on first five seedlings 2 Ping Miao W of five-node seedling 3 Oblique seedling W on the second five-node seedling 4 Lower inclined seedling W of second five-node seedling 5 And (3) establishing a finite element model of the main arch structure according to the length and the section diameter of the main arch structure, calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure, and if the stress or the deflection of part of the rods of the main arch structure exceeds the limit value specified in the wooden structure design standard GB50005-2017, calculating the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure again after increasing the section diameter of the overrun rods until the stress and the deflection of all the rods of the main arch structure are smaller than the standard limit value.
2. A method of designing a main arch structure according to claim 1, wherein said step 2 specifically comprises the sub-steps of:
step 2.1: setting initial value sagittal ratio f of main arch structure 1 0.17, calculating by using a formula (1) to obtain a first three-section inclined seedlingS 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of l 1 ：
Step 2.2: the first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 1 The three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Is of cross-sectional diameter D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design of first three-section inclined seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 11.4l 1 +226, three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The cross-sectional diameter of not less than 10.8l 1 +211。
3. The method for designing a main arch structure according to claim 2, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: taking the left half part of the three-section seedling system as a basic system of a force method, and calculating the three-section seedling Ping Miao S by the following formula 2 Mid-span stress σ of (a):
wherein M is three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the coefficient delta 11 The calculation formula of (2) is
Free term delta 1P The calculation formula of (2) is +.>
Wherein l is the first third-section seedling oblique seedling S when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Is a length of (2); θ is the first five-seedling downward-inclination seedling W when the sagittal ratio is f 1 Included angle with horizontal plane and first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 An included angle with the horizontal plane; θ=arcsin (H/L), h=f×l, H is the sagittal height of the main arch structure; e is the elastic modulus; i 1 Is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Cross-sectional moment of inertia, I 2 Is three-section seedling Ping Miao S 2 Is a cross-sectional moment of inertia of (a); q is an even load value;
through the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S 1 Establishing a moment balance equation by taking the intersection point of the bottom of the (E) and the horizontal plane as an origin, and deducing to obtain three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 Axial force F:
wherein F is 1 Is an external load of a three-section seedling system, the value of the external load is 0.135qL, and the action position is Ping Miao S of the three-section seedling 2 Left and right 1/4 positions; f (F) 2 The external load of the three-section seedling system is 0.205qL, and the action position is the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The intersection point;
obtaining three seedlings Ping Miao S through the formula (2) -formula (4) 2 The mid-span stress sigma versus the mid-span ratio f;
step 3.2: three-node seedling Ping Miao S determined based on step 3.1 2 In the mid-span stress sigma and mid-span ratio f, three seedlings Ping Miao S are taken 2 The corresponding mid-span ratio at which the mid-span stress is minimal is taken as the mid-span ratio f 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Using a sagittal ratio f 2 Recalculating the first three-section seedling oblique seedling S through a formula (1) 1 Three-node seedling Ping Miao S 2 And a second three-section seedling oblique seedling S 3 Length of (1) 2 。
4. A method of designing a main arch structure according to claim 3, wherein said step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: based on the sagittal ratio f 2 Obtaining θ 2 ＝arcsin(H 2 /l 2 )，H 2 ＝f 2 * L is; inclined seedling S of first three-section seedling 1 The intersection point of the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S is taken as an origin, the longitudinal bridge direction is taken as an x axis, the vertical bridge direction is taken as a y axis, a plane coordinate system is established, and the first three-section seedling inclined seedling S is determined 1 And three seedlings Ping Miao S 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 3 ，y 3 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
y 3 ＝f 2 L；
step 4.2: determining the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 6 ，y 6 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
wherein beta is the first five-section seedling lower oblique seedling W 1 And the first five seedlings are inclined to one another 2 The length ratio of (2) is calculated as follows:
then determining the first five-section seedling falling inclined seedling W 1 The coordinate of the intersection point with the vertical plane is (x 5 ，y 5 ) Wherein x is 5 ＝0，
Then determining the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The coordinates of the intersection point of (x) 8 ，y 8 ) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
y 8 ＝y 3 +h; wherein k is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),
h is the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The vertical distance from the intersection point of the first third section of seedling to the inclined seedling S1 is h=L/80;
calculating to obtain the first five-section seedling declined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Length P of (2) 1 ，
Calculating to obtain the upper inclined seedling W of the first five seedlings 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Length P of (2) 2 ，
Calculating to obtain five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 Length P of (2) 3 ，P 3 ＝L-2x 8 ；
Step 4.3: the first five-section seedling is inclined down to seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 3 The first five seedlings are inclined to one another and are W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 4 The five-node seedling Ping Miao W 3 The cross-sectional diameters of (2) are all D 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Design the first five-section seedling downward inclined seedling W 1 And a second five-node seedling lower oblique seedling W 5 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 3 Not less than 9.4P 1 +217, first five seedlings are inclined to one side and are planted with W 2 And a second five-node seedling upper oblique seedling W 4 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 4 Not less than 11.5P 2 +183, five seedlings Ping Miao W 3 Cross-sectional diameter D of (2) 5 Not less than 13.3P 3 +230。
5. A device for designing a main arch structure, comprising one or more processors for implementing the method for designing a main arch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the method of designing a main arch structure according to any one of claims 1-4.
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