CN116380714B - Water sample sand content measuring device and measuring method using same - Google Patents
Water sample sand content measuring device and measuring method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN116380714B CN116380714B CN202310249652.8A CN202310249652A CN116380714B CN 116380714 B CN116380714 B CN 116380714B CN 202310249652 A CN202310249652 A CN 202310249652A CN 116380714 B CN116380714 B CN 116380714B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013135 deep learning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013527 convolutional neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003062 neural network model Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
- G01N9/04—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of fluids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/36—Analysing materials by measuring the density or specific gravity, e.g. determining quantity of moisture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water sample sand content measurement, and provides a water sample sand content measurement device and a measurement method using the same. Comprising the following steps: the motor is arranged on the supporting disc, is connected with the collecting disc in a transmission way, and drives the collecting disc to rotate relative to the supporting disc; the sound collector is installed to the central point of collection disk put, is provided with a plurality of container fixed mouths on the collection disk, and a plurality of container fixed mouths use sound collector to be the centre of a circle evenly arranged, have placed a sampling container in every container fixed mouths, and the below of every sampling container is provided with a pressure sensor that contacts with the sampling container, and a plurality of pressure sensor all set up on the supporting disk. The beneficial effects are that: the device builds step motor, power supply system, motion control driver, serial port server, pressure sensor, and sound collector, has realized runoff silt's automatic acquisition, sediment content calculation, data remote transmission and the contactless acquisition of silt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water sample sand content measurement, in particular to a water sample sand content measurement device and a measurement method using the same.
Background
Soil erosion is the result of erosion of the soil. The serious water and soil loss not only restricts the development of China society and economy, but also brings various harm to the production and living of people and the ecological safety of the country. And researching the earth surface soil erosion rule, wherein important parameters mainly comprise the sand content, flow and the like of the earth surface runoff, and the sand content, the flow and the like are basic data of a water and soil loss dynamic monitoring network. The sand content of the water sample is an important quantitative parameter for various researches such as soil erosion, water and soil conservation research and monitoring. Basic data are provided for dynamic soil erosion processes, field and laboratory tests, model calibration, parameter estimation and the like. For this reason, scientific researchers have made a lot of research work in measuring the sand content of water samples, and have sought to be able to propose more accurate and rapid measuring methods. According to different measurement principles, the measurement method of the sand content of the water sample mainly comprises the following steps: direct measurement methods and indirect methods. Direct measurement methods include a baking method and a specific gravity method; the indirect method mainly comprises an infrared method, a capacitance method, a vibration method, an ultrasonic method, a laser method, a gamma ray method and the like.
Whichever water sample sand content measuring method, accurate acquisition of water sample volume is the key of measurement, and the above-mentioned various measuring methods are to be improved in terms of measurement accuracy. In view of this, the present invention has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water sample sand content measuring device and a measuring method using the same, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a water sample sand content measuring device comprising: the motor is arranged on the supporting plate, the motor is connected with the collecting plate in a transmission way, and the collecting plate is driven to rotate relative to the supporting plate; the sound collection device is arranged at the center of the collection disc, a plurality of container fixing openings are formed in the collection disc, the container fixing openings are uniformly arranged by taking the sound collection device as a circle center, a sampling container is placed in each container fixing opening, a pressure sensor which is in contact with the sampling container is arranged below each sampling container, and the pressure sensors are all arranged on the support disc.
In an alternative embodiment, a data display is also provided on the collection tray.
In an alternative embodiment, the supporting disc is fixedly arranged on the shell of the electrical cabinet equipment.
In an alternative embodiment, a power supply system and an ac-dc converter are arranged in the electrical cabinet equipment shell and are used for supplying power to the measuring device.
In an alternative embodiment, a motion control driver and a serial port server are arranged in the electrical cabinet equipment shell, the motion control driver is used for driving the motor, and the serial port server is used for communicating between the motion control driver and the micro industrial personal computer.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a measuring method using the water sample sand content measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a water sample containing sediment through any sampling container, acquiring an audio signal generated by inflow of the water sample through the sound collector in the acquisition process, and acquiring the weight of the water sample through the pressure sensor;
s2, utilizing a deep learning Librosa voice signal processing library to convert the audio signal into a spectrogram through Fourier transform;
s3, inputting the spectrogram into a trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample;
s4, solving the sand content of the water sample according to the weight of the water sample and the volume of the water sample.
In an alternative embodiment, the deep learning network model includes a plurality of Residual CNN layers;
before inputting the spectrogram into the trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample, the method further comprises the following steps:
respectively acquiring audio signals generated when a plurality of water samples flow into the sampling container;
dividing each audio signal into segments with set time length, and marking the volume of the water sample corresponding to the segment;
and respectively inputting the spectrograms of the fragments into the neural network model for training, so that the output of the neural network continuously approximates the water sample volume marked by the fragments.
In an alternative embodiment, according to the weight of the water sample and the volume of the water sample, solving the sand content of the water sample comprises:
substituting the weight m of the water sample and the volume V of the water sample into the following formula to obtain the sediment volume V in the water sample s ：
wherein ,ρs 、ρ w Respectively representing the sediment density and the water density;
the sediment volume V s Substituting the following formula to obtain the sand content c of the water sample:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The measuring device is provided with the stepping motor, the power supply system, the motion control driver, the serial server, the pressure sensor and the sound collector, so that the automatic collection of runoff sediment, the calculation of sediment content, the remote data transmission and the contactless acquisition of sediment are realized. The measuring device can be applied to indoor or outdoor runoff monitoring tests, and the measuring device is high in sample acquisition applicability.
(2) The invention adopts a deep learning Librosa voice signal processing library in a Python program to transform different audio waves in the original water sample acquisition process into a spectrogram image matrix through Fourier transformation, inputs the spectrogram image matrix into a deep learning network model, and finally outputs the real-time volume value V (cm) of the acquired water sample 3 ) Compared with the existing measuring method, the measuring method has the advantages of high measuring precision and accurate measuring result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a device for measuring the sand content of a water sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a device for measuring the sand content of a water sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measurement flow using a water-like sand content measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
1-AC/DC converter, 2-serial port server, 3-motion control driver, 4-motor, 5-connector, 6-sound collector, 7-data display, 8-electrical cabinet equipment shell, 9-power supply system, 10-sampling disk, 11-supporting disk, 12-container fixing port and 13-sampling container.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The directions or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are directions or positions based on the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and are not to be construed as limiting the present technical solution. The terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, an object of the present embodiment is to provide a device for measuring sand content of a water sample, which includes: the supporting plate 12, the motor 4 is installed on the supporting plate 12, and in this embodiment, the motor 4 is a stepper motor. The motor 4 is in transmission connection with the collection disc 10, preferably the motor 4 is in transmission connection with the collection disc 10 through the connecting piece 5, preferably the connecting piece 5 is a coupler, and drives the collection disc 10 to rotate relative to the support disc 11. The sampling plate 10 is provided with a plurality of container fixing openings 12, the container fixing openings 12 are uniformly arranged by taking the sound collector 6 as the center of a circle, and a sampling container 13 is placed in each container fixing opening 12. The sampling container 13 finishes sampling one by controlling the movement direction, speed, acceleration and step size of the motor 4.
Specifically, the sound collector 6 is installed at the center of the collection tray 10, and preferably, the sound collector 6 is a sound sensor. It should be noted that a pressure sensor contacting with the sampling container 13 is disposed below each sampling container 13, and a plurality of pressure sensors are disposed on the supporting plate 11, and the pressure sensors are used for collecting the weight of the water sample in the sampling container 13. In addition, the acquisition disk 10 is also provided with a data display 7 for displaying information such as sand content of the water sample.
Further, a support plate 11 is fixedly provided on the cabinet apparatus housing 8. The power supply system 9 and the AC/DC converter 1 are arranged in the electric cabinet equipment shell 8 and are used for supplying power to the measuring device. It should be noted that the motion control driver 3 and the serial port server 2 are arranged in the electrical cabinet equipment shell 8, the motion control driver 3 is used for driving the motor 4, and the serial port server 2 is used for communication between the motion control driver 3 and the micro industrial personal computer. When the device is used, the micro industrial personal computer is connected with the motion control driver 3 through the serial port server 2 to further control the motor 4 to move, control the moving direction, speed, acceleration and step length of the motor 4, the sampling disc 10 and the motor 4 synchronously rotate, the purpose that the sampling container 13 on the sampling disc 10 rotates from the current container position to the next container position according to a preset time interval is achieved, automatic collection of a sediment-containing water sample is completed, collected data are transmitted to the micro industrial personal computer, and the sampled sediment data are displayed on the data display 7 after calculation.
In a preferred embodiment, the serial server 2 is capable of transmitting pressure (weighing) sensor data (rs-485) and sound collector 6 (pickup data) (rs-232) to the micro industrial personal computer through a virtual serial network. The industrial personal computer performs analysis, storage and substitution into a calculation model, and sends an execution instruction to the control driver 3 according to the result, and the control driver 3 controls the hardware equipment to execute the next related action.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment is directed to a measurement method using the water sample sand content measuring device as described above, comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring a water sample containing sediment through any sampling container 13, acquiring an audio signal generated by inflow of the water sample through a sound acquisition device 6 in the acquisition process, and acquiring the weight of the water sample through a pressure sensor;
s2, utilizing a deep learning Librosa voice signal processing library to convert the audio signal into a spectrogram through Fourier transform;
s3, inputting the spectrogram into a trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample;
the deep learning network model comprises a plurality of Residual CNN layers;
before inputting the spectrogram into the trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample, the method further comprises the following steps:
respectively acquiring audio signals generated when a plurality of water samples flow into the sampling container 13;
dividing each audio signal into segments with set time length, and marking the water sample volume corresponding to the segments;
and respectively inputting the spectrograms of the fragments into a neural network model for training, so that the output of the neural network is continuously approximate to the water sample volume marked by the fragments.
In this embodiment, the collected audio samples are segmented in blocks with a length of 20ms, and the segments are manually labeled with corresponding water sample volume value labels. In the real-time detection process of the voice signal, the collected audio frequency fragment is converted into a spectrogram, and after the segmented spectrogram with the length of 20ms is input into the neural network through the Residual CNN layer, the neural network model can find out the water sample volume value of the current sound corresponding to the artificial labeling result.
S4, solving the sand content of the water sample according to the weight and the volume of the water sample;
specifically, according to the weight of the water sample and the volume of the water sample, solving the sand content of the water sample comprises the following steps:
substituting the weight m of the water sample and the volume V of the water sample into the following formula to obtain the sediment volume V in the water sample s ：
wherein ,ρs 、ρ w Respectively representing the sediment density and the water density;
volume of silt V s Substituting the following formula to obtain the sand content c of the water sample:
finally, the sand content data of the water sample are displayed on the data display 7 in real time.
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A measurement method using a water-like sand content measurement device, comprising: the device comprises a supporting disc (11), wherein a motor (4) is arranged on the supporting disc (11), the motor (4) is connected with a collecting disc (10) in a transmission way, and the collecting disc (10) is driven to rotate relative to the supporting disc (11);
the device is characterized in that a sound collector (6) is arranged at the center of the collecting disc (10), a plurality of container fixing openings (12) are formed in the collecting disc (10), the container fixing openings (12) are uniformly arranged by taking the sound collector (6) as a circle center, a sampling container (13) is placed in each container fixing opening (12), a pressure sensor which is in contact with the sampling container (13) is arranged below each sampling container (13), and the pressure sensors are all arranged on the supporting disc (11);
the measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a water sample containing sediment through any sampling container (13), acquiring an audio signal generated by inflow of the water sample through the sound collector (6) in the acquisition process, and acquiring the weight of the water sample through the pressure sensor;
s2, utilizing a deep learning Librosa voice signal processing library to convert the audio signal into a spectrogram through Fourier transform;
s3, inputting the spectrogram into a trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample;
the deep learning network model comprises a plurality of Residual CNN layers;
before inputting the spectrogram into the trained deep learning network model to obtain the volume of the water sample, the method further comprises the following steps:
respectively acquiring audio signals generated when a plurality of water samples flow into the sampling container (13);
dividing each audio signal into segments with set time length, and marking the volume of the water sample corresponding to the segment;
respectively inputting spectrograms of the fragments into a neural network model for training, so that the output of the neural network continuously approximates the water sample volume marked by the fragments;
s4, solving the sand content of the water sample according to the weight of the water sample and the volume of the water sample.
2. A measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting tray (10) is further provided with a data display (7).
3. A measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the support plate (11) is fixedly arranged on the electrical cabinet device housing (8).
4. A measuring method according to claim 3, characterized in that the inside of the electrical cabinet device housing (8) is provided with a power supply system (9) and an ac-dc converter (1) for powering the measuring device.
5. A measuring method according to claim 3, characterized in that the inside of the electrical cabinet device housing (8) is provided with a motion control driver (3) and a serial server (2), the motion control driver (3) being used for driving the motor (4), the serial server (2) being used for communication between the motion control driver (3) and a micro-industrial personal computer.
6. The method of measuring of claim 1, wherein solving for the sand content of the water sample based on the weight of the water sample and the volume of the water sample comprises:
weight of the water samplemAnd the volume of the water sampleVSubstituting the following formula to obtain the volume of sediment in the water sampleV s：
；
wherein ,respectively representing the sediment density and the water density;
the sediment volume is adjustedV s Substituting the following formula to obtain the sand content of the water samplec：
。
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| CN117054282A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-14 | 珠江水利委员会珠江流域水土保持监测中心站 | High-precision portable sediment content measuring device and method with different grade particle sizes |
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