CN116380343A - Correction method for safely correcting verticality of tower crane - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a correction method for safely correcting the verticality of a tower crane, which comprises the steps of prefabricating correction fittings, determining balance moment parameters, determining an inclination angle, determining a standard balancing weight, selecting the correction balancing weight and correcting a tower body, and completing correction after inspection and inspection. The correction method of the invention uses the torque balance principle, adopts the mode of loosening nuts in a divided way and correcting the supporting steel plates by adding gaskets in a divided way, can effectively prevent the tilting tower body from tilting due to weightlessness, and makes the tower body of the tower crane be straightened, and the verticality of the corrected tower crane meet the standard specification requirements, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the tower crane, and has simple operation, high reliability and good safety, and is beneficial to practical popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tower cranes, in particular to a correction method for safely correcting the verticality of a tower crane.
Background
Along with the rapid development of national economy and the continuous expansion of construction engineering scale, various industries in China are in full play, and especially in modern large-scale petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power and bridge construction and high-rise building construction, the height of the tower crane is increased year by year. The tower crane is also called as a tower crane or a tower crane, and refers to a rotary crane with a movable arm arranged at the upper part of a high-rise tower body, and is mainly used for vertical and horizontal conveying of materials and installation of building components in house building construction due to large working space.
At present, the use of the tower crane at home and abroad is developed towards intellectualization, maximization and modularization, and the tower crane height is higher and higher along with the increase of high-rise buildings. Because the tower crane is generally arranged outdoors, in the use process, if the tower crane foundation is settled, or under the condition that external environment factors are changed greatly, such as under strong wind conditions, the perpendicularity of the tower body is easy to deviate, and when the perpendicularity deviation exceeds an allowable range, if the deviation is not corrected in time, the tower body is easy to cause the overturning phenomenon due to tilting and weightlessness, and great potential safety hazards exist.
When the tower crane is not loaded, because the weight of the balance arm is larger than that of the crane arm, people often use the weight of the crane arm to press one side of the tower crane which is required to be corrected to be lower to loosen the nut, and then rotate the crane arm to the opposite direction of the loosened nut, so that a gap is formed between a foundation section bottom plate of the tower crane and the ground to achieve the purpose of correction. The inertial force generated by the weight of the tower crane balance arm in the moment is easy to cause by adopting the method, the tower crane is out of balance, and the nut and the bolt are separated to cause serious brewing accidents because the magnitude of the force is unpredictable. Therefore, the existing correction mode is to directly loosen the nut, and a steel plate is added on the tower crane base, so that in the nut loosening process, if the nut is separated from the bolt, the inclined tower body is easy to topple under the condition of losing weight, the tower body is collapsed, and the potential safety hazard is very large. Therefore, aiming at the existing correction mode, in order to avoid tower body collapse and eliminate potential safety hazards, an anti-overturning correction method is urgently needed to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a correction method which is safe, convenient and accurate and can reduce the construction cost, the correction method is used for correcting the tower body of the tower crane, the phenomenon that the tower body is overturned due to tilting and weightlessness is avoided, the tower body collapses, potential safety hazards can be effectively eliminated, and in particular, the correction method for safely correcting the perpendicularity of the tower crane is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a correction method for safely correcting the verticality of a tower crane, the correction method comprising the following steps:
(1) Prefabricating correction fittings: prefabricating a steel plate matched with a tower crane base as a correction supporting steel plate, and simultaneously providing a correction balancing weight for correction for later use;
(2) And (3) determining a balance moment parameter: the method comprises the steps of respectively determining the length L1 of a crane arm and the length L2 of a balance arm by taking a slewing mechanism arranged on a tower body as a supporting center origin, wherein the length of the crane arm refers to the horizontal distance from the slewing mechanism to a hook, the length of the balance arm refers to the horizontal distance from the slewing mechanism to a tower crane balancing weight, and meanwhile, the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight needs to be determined;
(3) And (3) determining the inclination angle: according to the standard requirements, the perpendicularity of the tower crane is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, and when the tower body of the tower crane is consistent with the vertical direction, under the action of the tower crane balancing weight, a lifting arm positioned on the tower body is in a balanced state with a balancing arm; when the tower body of the tower crane deviates from the vertical direction, the crane boom and the balance arm are rotated by the rotary mechanism to be consistent with the deviation direction, and the crane boom and the balance arm positioned on the tower body are kept in a balanced state again under the action of the tower crane balancing weight according to the lever principle, so that the crane boom is arranged on the tower body of the tower crane in an inclined state;
(4) Determining a standard balancing weight: firstly, determining the inclination angle of the tower body according to the inclination angle of the crane boom, then determining the length L1 of the front support arm, the length L of the rear support arm and the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight according to the step (2), and finally, according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, determining the weight M of the standard balancing weight;
(5) Selecting and correcting a balancing weight: according to the weight m of the standard balancing weight, selecting a corresponding correction balancing weight, wherein the moment MA of the required correction end is larger than the moment MB of the counterweight end of the tower crane, placing the selected correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground corresponding to the base of the tower crane, then connecting the selected correction balancing weight with a steel wire rope of the tower crane through a hook, starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane, and under the action of the lifting mechanism, using the correction balancing weight to enable the steel wire rope to be in a stressed state;
(6) And (3) correcting a tower body: the torque MA of the correction end is larger than the torque MB of the counterweight end of the tower crane, the correction balancing weight of the correction end plays a traction role, nuts on foundation bolts are loosened on a tower crane base on the lower side of the tower body of the tower crane, and then a prefabricated correction supporting steel plate is padded until the tower body of the tower crane is righted and the verticality meets the standard specification requirement, and the contact area is increased through the padded correction supporting steel plate to protect the tower crane base foundation;
(7) Checking and checking: after the perpendicularity meets the standard specification requirement, all correction support steel plates are padded, and the states of all correction support steel plates are checked;
(8) And (3) finishing correction: when the tower body falls on the tower crane base, nuts on the foundation bolts are fastened at the moment, after the foundation bolts are fastened, the verticality of the corrected tower crane is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, so that the tower body of the tower crane is consistent with the verticality safety standard, and the correction is completed after the tower body is qualified through inspection.
Further, in the method for correcting the verticality of the tower crane, in the process of determining the weight of the corrected balancing weight in the step (4), when the inclination angle of the crane arm or the balance arm is alpha degrees, the inclination angle of the crane arm or the balance arm is the same as the inclination angle of the tower body by using the triangle congruent theorem, namely, the inclination angle of the tower body is alpha degrees, and then according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, thus determining the weight m=msin α×l2/L1 of the standard balancing weight.
In the process of selecting the correction balancing weight in the step (5), selecting the balancing weight with the weight slightly larger than that of the standard balancing weight as the correction balancing weight according to the weight m of the correction balancing weight, so that the moment MA at the correction end is larger than the moment MB at the balancing weight end of the tower crane, then placing the selected correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground corresponding to the base of the tower crane, connecting the selected correction balancing weight with a steel wire rope of the tower crane through a hook, starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane at the moment, and enabling the steel wire rope to be in a stressed state by using the correction balancing weight under the action of the lifting mechanism, so that a gap is formed between the bottom plane of a foundation section of the tower crane and the ground.
In the correction process of the tower body in the step (6), firstly, loosening nuts on foundation bolts to ensure that the distance between the nuts and a pressing plate is slightly larger than the thickness of a prefabricated correction support steel plate, requiring that the loosened nuts cannot be completely separated from the foundation bolts, then starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane, using a correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground to play a traction role, enabling a steel wire rope to be always in a stressed state, enabling the tower body of the tower crane to fall on the higher side under the action of the balancing weight of the tower crane, finally correcting according to the same correction method, adding a plurality of prefabricated correction support steel plates on a tower crane base on the lower side of the tower body of the tower crane until the tower body of the tower crane is righted and the verticality reaches the standard specification requirement, and adopting a mode of loosening the nuts in a separated manner to increase the safety distance of the tower body and prevent the inclined tower body from being covered due to weight loss.
Compared with the existing correction method, the correction method for the verticality of the safe correction tower crane has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of determining the weight of a standard balancing weight according to an inclination angle by utilizing a moment balance principle, then selecting the balancing weight with the weight slightly larger than the standard balancing weight as a correction balancing weight, enabling the moment at a correction end to be larger than the moment at a counterweight end of a tower crane, loosening nuts in a divided manner, and correcting a supporting steel plate in a step-by-step manner by adding pads, so that the tower body of the tower crane is straightened, and the perpendicularity of the tower body reaches standard specification requirements. Because the correction balancing weight is placed on the horizontal ground, the potential safety hazard caused by the fact that the correction balancing weight falls from the air can be avoided, the nut can be prevented from being separated from the foundation bolt in the nut loosening process, the tilting problem of the inclined tower body caused by weightlessness can be effectively prevented, correction work can be completed by one person in the operation process, and the safety performance and the working efficiency are greatly improved. The correction method can ensure that the perpendicularity of the corrected tower crane meets the standard specification requirements, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the tower crane, and has simple operation, high reliability and good safety, and is beneficial to practical popularization and application.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tower crane according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The drawings show: 1-tower body part, 2-tower crane base, 3-tower crane balancing weight, 4-foundation bolt, 5-nut, 6-correction supporting steel plate and 7-correction balancing weight.
Description of the embodiments
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover any variations or modifications in the specific details of the invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected", "provided" and "having a meaning of" connected "are to be interpreted in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be noted that the term "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a correction method for safely correcting the perpendicularity of a tower crane comprises a tower crane body, wherein the tower crane body comprises a tower body 1, a tower crane base 2, a crane boom, a balance arm, a slewing mechanism, a hook, a steel wire rope, a tower crane balancing weight 3, an anchor bolt 4 and a nut 5, and when the tower body 1 inclines towards one side of the crane boom, the specific correction method comprises the following steps:
(1) Prefabricating correction fittings: prefabricating a steel plate matched with the tower crane base 2 as a correction supporting steel plate 6, wherein the thickness of the correction supporting steel plate 6 can be used for preparing a plurality of correction supporting steel plates 6 with different thicknesses according to actual conditions, and simultaneously, a correction balancing weight 7 for correction is provided for standby;
(2) And (3) determining a balance moment parameter: as shown in fig. 1, the structure is that the tower crane is in a balanced state when in normal use; the swing mechanism arranged on the tower body 1 is used as a supporting center origin, the length L1 of the lifting arm and the length L2 of the balancing arm are respectively determined, wherein the length of the lifting arm is the horizontal distance from the swing mechanism to the hook, the length of the balancing arm is the horizontal distance from the swing mechanism to the tower crane balancing weight 3, meanwhile, the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight 3 is also required to be determined,
(3) And (3) determining the inclination angle: according to the standard requirements, the perpendicularity of the tower crane is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, when the tower body 1 of the tower crane is consistent with the vertical direction, under the action of the tower crane balancing weight 3, a lifting arm and a balancing arm which are positioned on the tower body 1 are in a balanced state, and the structure is shown in figure 1; when the tower body 1 and the vertical direction of the tower crane deviate, the crane boom and the balance arm are rotated by the rotary mechanism to be consistent with the deviation direction, and the balance state is kept between the crane boom and the balance arm on the tower body 1 under the action of the tower crane balancing weight 3 according to the lever principle, so that the crane boom is arranged on the tower body 1 of the tower crane in an inclined state, and the structure is shown as 2;
(4) Determining a standard balancing weight: firstly, determining the inclination angle of the tower body 1 according to the inclination angle of the crane boom, then determining the length L1 of the crane boom, the length L of the balance boom and the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight 3 according to the step (2), and finally, according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, determining the weight M of the standard balancing weight; when the inclination angle of the crane arm is alpha degrees, and the triangle congruent theorem is utilized, the inclination angle of the crane arm is the same as the inclination angle of the tower body 1, namely, the inclination angle of the tower body 1 is also alpha degrees, and then according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, thus determining the weight m=msin α×l2/L1 of the standard balancing weight.
(5) Selecting and correcting a balancing weight: according to the weight m of the standard balancing weight, selecting a balancing weight with the weight slightly larger than that of the standard balancing weight as a correction balancing weight 7, so that the moment MA at the correction end is larger than the moment MB at the balancing end of the tower crane, placing the selected correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground corresponding to the base of the tower crane, then connecting the selected correction balancing weight with a steel wire rope of the tower crane through a hook, starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane, and under the action of the lifting mechanism, using the correction balancing weight 7 to enable the steel wire rope to be in a stressed state;
(6) And (3) correcting a tower body: the torque MA of the correction end is larger than the torque MB of the counterweight end of the tower crane, the correction balancing weight 6 of the correction end is used for traction, the nuts 5 on the foundation bolts 4 are loosened firstly on the tower crane base 2 on the lower side of the tower body 1 of the tower crane (namely on the tower crane base 2 on the side facing the hook), the distance between the nuts 5 and the pressing plate is slightly larger than the thickness of the prefabricated correction supporting steel plate 6, the loosened nuts 5 cannot be completely separated from the foundation bolts 4, then a lifting mechanism of the tower crane is started, the correction balancing weight 7 on the horizontal ground is used for traction, so that the steel wire rope is always kept in a stressed state, and the tower body 1 of the tower crane is lowered on the higher side under the action of the tower crane balancing weight 3; the nuts 5 are loosened in a divided manner, correction is carried out according to the same correction method, a plurality of prefabricated correction support steel plates 6 are added on the tower crane base 2 at the lower side of the tower body 1 of the tower crane until the tower body 1 of the tower crane is righted, the perpendicularity meets the standard specification requirement, and the contact area is increased through the added correction support steel plates to protect the tower crane base foundation. Therefore, in the correction process of the tower body, the safety distance can be increased by adopting a mode of loosening the nuts in a divided manner, and the inclined tower body can be prevented from overturning due to weightlessness;
(7) Checking and checking: after the perpendicularity meets the standard specification requirement, all correction support steel plates 6 are padded, and the states of all correction support steel plates 6 are checked;
(8) And (3) finishing correction: when the tower body 1 falls on the tower crane base 2, nuts 5 on the foundation bolts 4 are fastened at the moment, after the foundation bolts 4 are fastened, the corrected tower crane verticality is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, so that the tower body 1 of the tower crane is consistent with the vertical direction, the safety standard specification of the verticality is met, and the correction is completed after the inspection is qualified.
Examples
As shown in fig. 3, the correction method in this embodiment is different from that in embodiment 1 in that, when the tower body 1 inclines toward the side of the balance arm, the specific correction method is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, in which the position of the nut 5 on the loose anchor bolt 4 is different, at this time, the nut 5 on the loose anchor bolt 4 needs to be loosened first on the tower crane base 2 on the lower side of the tower body 1 of the tower crane (i.e. on the tower crane base 2 on the side toward the tower crane counterweight 3), the nut 5 that needs to be loosened cannot be completely separated from the anchor bolt 4, then the lifting mechanism of the tower crane is started, the traction function is performed by using the correction counterweight 7 on the horizontal ground, so that the steel wire rope is always kept in a stressed state, and the tower body 1 of the tower crane is lowered on the higher side under the action of the tower crane counterweight 3, and the prefabricated correction support steel plates 6 are used until the tower body 1 of the tower crane is straightened and the verticality meets the standard requirement.
Other aspects of the invention are well known to those skilled in the art.
The above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The correction method for safely correcting the verticality of the tower crane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Prefabricating correction fittings: prefabricating a steel plate matched with a tower crane base as a correction supporting steel plate, and simultaneously providing a correction balancing weight for correction for later use;
(2) And (3) determining a balance moment parameter: the method comprises the steps of respectively determining a crane arm length L1 and a balance arm length L2 by taking a slewing mechanism arranged on a tower body as a supporting center origin, wherein the crane arm length refers to the horizontal distance from the slewing mechanism to a hook, the balance arm length refers to the horizontal distance from the slewing mechanism to a tower crane balancing weight, and meanwhile, the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight needs to be determined;
(3) And (3) determining the inclination angle: according to the standard requirements, the perpendicularity of the tower crane is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, and when the tower body of the tower crane is consistent with the vertical direction, the lifting arm and the balance arm positioned on the tower body are in a balanced state under the action of the tower crane balancing weight; when the tower body of the tower crane deviates from the vertical direction, the lifting arm and the balance arm are rotated by the rotary mechanism to be consistent with the deviation direction, and the lifting arm and the balance arm positioned on the tower body are kept in a balanced state again under the action of the tower crane balancing weight according to the lever principle, so that the lifting arm and the balance arm are arranged on the tower body of the tower crane in an inclined state;
(4) Determining a standard balancing weight: firstly, determining the inclination angle of the tower body according to the inclination angle of the crane boom or the balance arm, then determining the length L1 of the crane boom, the length L2 of the balance arm and the weight M of the tower crane balancing weight according to the step (2), and finally, according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, determining the weight M of the standard balancing weight;
(5) Selecting and correcting a balancing weight: according to the weight m of the standard balancing weight, selecting a corresponding correction balancing weight, wherein the moment MA of the required correction end is larger than the moment MB of the counterweight end of the tower crane, placing the selected correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground corresponding to the base of the tower crane, then connecting the selected correction balancing weight with a steel wire rope of the tower crane through a hook, starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane, and under the action of the lifting mechanism, using the correction balancing weight to enable the steel wire rope to be in a stressed state;
(6) And (3) correcting a tower body: the torque MA of the correction end is larger than the torque MB of the counterweight end of the tower crane, the correction balancing weight of the correction end plays a traction role, nuts on foundation bolts are loosened on a tower crane base on the lower side of the tower body of the tower crane, and then a prefabricated correction supporting steel plate is padded until the tower body of the tower crane is righted and the verticality meets the standard specification requirement, and the contact area is increased through the padded correction supporting steel plate to protect the tower crane base foundation;
(7) Checking and checking: after the perpendicularity meets the standard specification requirement, all correction support steel plates are padded, and the states of all correction support steel plates are checked;
(8) And (3) finishing correction: when the tower body falls on the tower crane base, nuts on the foundation bolts are fastened at the moment, after the foundation bolts are fastened, the verticality of the corrected tower crane is measured by adopting the existing measuring instrument, so that the tower body of the tower crane is consistent with the verticality safety standard, and the correction is completed after the tower body is qualified through inspection.
2. The method for correcting the perpendicularity of the safety correction tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4) of determining the weight of the correction balancing weight, when the inclination angle of the crane arm or the balance arm is alpha degrees, and the triangle congruent theorem is utilized, the inclination angle of the crane arm or the balance arm is the same as the inclination angle of the tower body, namely the inclination angle of the tower body is alpha degrees, and then according to a moment balance formula: m=fl=force moment arm, thus determining the weight m=msin α×l2/L1 of the standard balancing weight.
3. The method for correcting the perpendicularity of the safety correction tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), in the process of selecting the correction balancing weight, according to the weight m of the correction balancing weight, selecting the balancing weight with the weight slightly larger than that of the standard balancing weight as the correction balancing weight, so that the moment MA at the correction end is larger than the moment MB at the balancing weight end of the tower crane, then placing the selected correction balancing weight on the horizontal ground corresponding to the base of the tower crane, connecting the selected correction balancing weight with a steel wire rope of the tower crane through a hook, starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane at the moment, and under the action of the lifting mechanism, using the correction balancing weight to enable the steel wire rope to be in a stressed state, so that a gap is produced between the bottom plane of a foundation section of the tower crane and the ground.
4. The method for correcting the perpendicularity of the safety correction tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6) of correcting the tower body, firstly loosening nuts on foundation bolts, enabling the distance between the nuts and a pressing plate to be slightly larger than the thickness of a prefabricated correction supporting steel plate, requiring that the loosened nuts cannot be completely separated from the foundation bolts, then starting a lifting mechanism of the tower crane, utilizing correction balancing weights on the horizontal ground to play a traction role, enabling a steel wire rope to be always in a stressed state, enabling the tower body of the tower crane to descend at the higher side under the action of the tower crane balancing weights, finally correcting according to the same correction method, and adding a plurality of prefabricated correction supporting steel plates on the tower crane base at the lower side of the tower body of the tower crane until the tower body of the tower crane is righted, enabling the verticality to meet the standard specification requirement, adopting a slow release weight, loosening the nuts step by step, increasing the safety distance of the tower body of the tower crane, and preventing the tilting of the tower body due to weightlessness.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310375012.1A CN116380343A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Correction method for safely correcting verticality of tower crane |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116654793A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 河南巨人起重机集团有限公司 | Tipping regulating device of crane |
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- 2023-04-10 CN CN202310375012.1A patent/CN116380343A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116654793A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 河南巨人起重机集团有限公司 | Tipping regulating device of crane |
| CN116654793B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2024-01-02 | 河南巨人起重机集团有限公司 | Tipping regulating device of crane |
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