CN116378845B - Cylinder head, combustion chamber, design method of combustion chamber and engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head, combustion chamber, design method of combustion chamber and engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116378845B
CN116378845B CN202310668317.1A CN202310668317A CN116378845B CN 116378845 B CN116378845 B CN 116378845B CN 202310668317 A CN202310668317 A CN 202310668317A CN 116378845 B CN116378845 B CN 116378845B
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China
Prior art keywords
roof structure
exhaust
valve seat
cylinder head
combustion chamber
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CN202310668317.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116378845A (en
Inventor
李斌
李卫
王有治
闫珊珊
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4235—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of intake channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylinder cover, a combustion chamber, a design method thereof and an engine, wherein a roof structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, and the axis of the roof structure is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, namely an intake valve seat ring and an exhaust valve seat ring; one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is close to the air outlet duct throat, is in smooth transition connection with the surface of the air exhaust side of the roof structure, and one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is far away from the air outlet duct throat, forms an air blocking structure; an exhaust guide surface is formed on one side of the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat, which is far away from the air inlet passage throat, and a gap is formed between the exhaust guide surface and the exhaust valve; the cylinder cover meets the design requirement common to the structure of the diesel engine on the same platform, the tumble strength can be increased, the exhaust expansion structure reduces the influence of the roof structure on exhaust, the exhaust flow coefficient is increased, the heat efficiency of the engine is improved, the fuel consumption rate is reduced, the reliability of the engine is ensured, the problem that the width of the engine is increased, the arrangement space of the whole compressor is not caused, and the product competitiveness is increased.

Description

Cylinder head, combustion chamber, design method of combustion chamber and engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a cylinder cover, a combustion chamber, a design method of the cylinder cover and the combustion chamber, and an engine.
Background
The engine combustion chamber mainly comprises a cylinder head, a valve, a cylinder block and a piston, and an ignition system is required to ignite a gas engine using a gas such as methanol as a fuel.
For a heavy ignition engine, the adaptation development is generally carried out on a compression ignition platform of a diesel engine, the generalization of a product structure is required to be ensured, and meanwhile, the matched market has the characteristics of individuation, subdivision and small market capacity. Based on this development background, cylinder heads and their combustion chambers are generally divided into vertical valve-combined flat top cylinder heads and inclined valve-combined dome-type cylinder heads.
The vertical valve is combined with the flat-top cylinder cover, the flat-top cylinder cover limits the formation of tumble flow under the premise of ensuring the universality of the structure of the same-platform diesel engine as far as possible, the intensity of the tumble flow is low, the flame propagation speed is reduced for ignition type combustion, the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the engine is further influenced, and the control difficulty of CH emission is increased; the form of combining the inclined air valve with the roof type cylinder cover cannot ensure the structure of the diesel engine with the same platform to be universal, so that the design of a production line is affected, and the input and output of batch engines cannot be ensured; meanwhile, for a heavy engine, the inclined valve is arranged, the valve is lengthened and increased in weight, the reliability risk of the engine is increased, and no mature application cases exist in the industry at present. In addition, the inclined arrangement leads to the increase of the width of the engine, compresses the arrangement space of the whole machine and reduces the competitiveness of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, a first object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder head that meets the design requirements common to the same-platform diesel engine structure, ensures the intake tumble strength, improves the thermal efficiency of the engine, reduces the fuel consumption rate, and improves the reliability of the engine, ensuring the mass production feasibility.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber including the cylinder head as described above, and a method of designing the same, and an engine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a cylinder cover, wherein a roof structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, an inlet valve seat ring is arranged in an inlet channel throat of the inlet side of the roof structure, an exhaust valve seat ring is arranged in an exhaust channel throat of the exhaust side of the roof structure, and the axis of the inlet valve seat ring and the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover;
the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat is in smooth transition connection with the exhaust side surface of the roof structure at one side close to the air outlet duct throat, and the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat extends to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover along the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover at one side far away from the air outlet duct throat so as to form an air blocking structure in cooperation with an air inlet valve;
and an exhaust guide surface is formed on one side of the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat, which is far away from the air inlet passage throat, and a gap is formed between the exhaust guide surface and an exhaust valve arranged in the exhaust valve seat ring to form an exhaust expansion structure.
Optionally, a bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat is arranged on the exhaust side surface of the roof structure at one side close to the air inlet throat.
Optionally, an included angle α of the air intake side surface of the roof structure with respect to the horizontal plane satisfies 4 ° +.α+.8°, and an included angle β of the air exhaust side surface of the roof structure with respect to the horizontal plane satisfies β=α+2°.
Optionally, the exhaust diversion surface includes from the exhaust valve seat ring begins to be kept away from the direction slope of the axis of exhaust valve seat ring sets up the water conservancy diversion conical surface and connect in the water conservancy diversion arc face of water conservancy diversion conical surface, the water conservancy diversion arc face perpendicular to the bottom surface of cylinder head, the water conservancy diversion arc face is kept away from the direction arch of the axis of exhaust valve seat ring.
Optionally, the cylinder head is provided with a spark plug, the discharge end of which protrudes from the roof structure, the axis of the cylinder block with which the cylinder head cooperates and the axis of the spark plug being collinear.
Optionally, the bottom surface of cylinder head still is provided with air inlet side and extrudes the flow surface, air inlet side extrudes the flow surface and is connected with the air inlet side surface of the roof structure, air outlet side extrudes the flow surface with the air outlet side surface of roof structure is connected, air inlet side extrudes the flow surface and is used for forming air inlet side and extrudes the flow structure with the piston top surface cooperation, air outlet side extrudes the flow surface and is used for forming air outlet side and extrudes the flow structure with the piston top surface cooperation.
Optionally, a plane extending along an axis of the exhaust valve seat ring to an axis direction of the intake valve seat ring on a corresponding side and passing through the axis of the spark plug is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure, a length L1 of an intersection line of the intake side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies l1= (8% -10%) D, and a length L2 of an intersection line of the exhaust side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies l2= (8% -10%) D, where D is an inner cavity diameter of a cylinder block mated with the cylinder head.
Optionally, a plane extending along an axis line of the exhaust valve seat ring to an axis line direction of the intake valve seat ring on a corresponding side and passing through the axis line of the spark plug is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure, an intake side surface of the roof structure between the air blocking structure and a bottom surface of the cylinder head is a first arc transition surface, the first arc transition surface arches away from the intake valve seat ring, a radius R1 of an intersection line of the first arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies R1 not less than 10mm, an exhaust side surface of the roof structure between the exhaust expansion structure and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is a second arc transition surface arching away from the exhaust valve seat ring, and a radius R2 of an intersection line of the second arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies R2 not less than 10mm.
Optionally, the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure are connected through a circular arc chamfer surface, and the radius R3 of an intersection line of the circular arc chamfer surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure meets R3 > 30mm.
Optionally, a distance L3 between an intersection line of an intake side surface and an exhaust side surface of the roof structure and an axis of the spark plug satisfies 0mm ∈l3+.7mm.
Optionally, a distance L4 between an intersection line of an intake side surface and an exhaust side surface of the roof structure and a discharge end of the spark plug satisfies 2mm L4. Ltoreq.5 mm.
Optionally, a maximum distance L5 between the exhaust gas diversion surface and an outer circular surface of the exhaust valve satisfies 3mm < L5 < 5mm.
Optionally, the distance between the bottom surface of the intake valve seat ring and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is the intake valve seat ring height H1, the intake valve seat ring height H1 satisfies h1.gtoreq.10mm, the distance between the bottom surface of the exhaust valve seat ring and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is the exhaust valve seat ring height H2, and the exhaust valve seat ring height H2 satisfies h2=h1- (2 mm ~4 mm).
A combustion chamber surrounded by a cylinder block, a piston disposed within the cylinder block, and a cylinder head above the cylinder block, the cylinder head being the cylinder head of any one of the above.
Optionally, a combustion chamber pit and a top surface of the piston disposed around the combustion chamber pit are disposed on top of the piston, a plane extending along an axis of the exhaust valve seat to an axis direction of the intake valve seat on a corresponding side and passing through the axis of the piston is a longitudinal symmetry surface of the combustion chamber, an intersection line of the roof structure and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the combustion chamber is a roof structure feature line, an intersection line of the combustion chamber pit and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the combustion chamber is a combustion chamber pit feature line, a distance L6 between an intake side end point of the roof structure feature line and an intake side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line satisfies l6= (5% -10%) D, and a distance L7 between an exhaust side end point of the roof structure feature line and an exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line satisfies l7= (5% -10%) D, wherein D is an inner cavity diameter of the cylinder block.
Optionally, the shape of the position of the bottom surface of the cylinder cover corresponding to the cylinder body is formed by intersecting the roof structure with a cylindrical surface with the diameter of 0.5 mm-1.5 mm larger than the inner cavity of the cylinder body.
A method of designing a combustion chamber for use in the design of a combustion chamber as described above, comprising the steps of:
determining an opening size of a combustion chamber pocket of the piston and a target compression ratio of the engine;
presetting the length L1 of an intersection line of an air inlet side squeeze surface of the cylinder cover and a longitudinal symmetry surface of a dome structure of the cylinder cover, and calculating and acquiring the distance L6 between an air inlet side endpoint of a dome structure characteristic line and an air inlet side endpoint of a combustion chamber pit characteristic line according to the opening size of a combustion chamber pit of a piston and the preset L1;
adjusting the height H1 of the air inlet valve seat ring and the radius R1 of an intersection line of the first arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure, and adjusting the included angle alpha between the air inlet side surface of the roof structure and the horizontal plane to be within a preset range;
presetting the length L2 of an intersection line of an exhaust side squeeze surface of the cylinder cover and a longitudinal symmetry plane of a roof structure of the cylinder cover, and calculating to obtain the distance L7 between an exhaust side end point of a roof structure characteristic line and an exhaust side end point of a pit characteristic line of a combustion chamber, so that L2 is equal to or approximately equal to L1, and L7 is equal to or approximately equal to L6;
adjusting the height H2 of the exhaust valve seat ring, the radius R2 of an intersection line of the second arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the roof structure and the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the pit of the combustion chamber, so that the included angle beta between the exhaust side surface of the roof structure and the horizontal plane meets beta = alpha +2 degrees or beta +.alpha +2 degrees;
adjusting the distance L3 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the axis of the spark plug and the radius R3 of the intersection line of the arc chamfer surface between the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure to determine the highest point of the roof structure;
calculating the size of the shape of the position corresponding to the bottom surface of the cylinder head and the cylinder block according to the length L1 of an intersection line of an air inlet side extrusion surface of the cylinder head and a longitudinal symmetry surface of a roof structure of the cylinder head, the length L2 of an intersection line of an air outlet side extrusion surface of the cylinder head and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure of the cylinder head, the distance L6 between an air inlet side end point of a roof structure characteristic line and an air inlet side end point of a combustion chamber pit characteristic line and the distance L7 between an air outlet side end point of the roof structure characteristic line and an air outlet side end point of the combustion chamber pit characteristic line;
and adjusting the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the discharge end of the spark plug, and performing a simulation test, wherein the height H1 of the air inlet valve seat ring, the height H2 of the air outlet valve seat ring and the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the discharge end of the spark plug are adjusted in the simulation test process so as to determine the ignition position of the spark plug.
An engine comprising a combustion chamber as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a cylinder cover, wherein a roof structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, an inlet valve seat ring is arranged in an inlet channel throat of the inlet side of the roof structure, an exhaust valve seat ring is arranged in an exhaust channel throat of the exhaust side of the roof structure, and the axis of the inlet valve seat ring and the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover; one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is close to the air outlet duct throat, is in smooth transition connection with the exhaust side surface of the roof structure, and one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is far away from the air outlet duct throat, extends towards the bottom surface of the air cylinder cover along the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the air cylinder cover so as to be matched with the air inlet valve to form an air blocking structure; an exhaust guide surface is formed on one side of the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat far away from the air inlet passage throat, and a gap is formed between the exhaust guide surface and an exhaust valve arranged in the exhaust valve seat ring to form an exhaust expansion structure.
The cylinder cover is in a combined mode of the vertical valve and the roof type cylinder cover, so that the design requirement common to the structure of the diesel engine on the same platform is met, the direction from the inlet valve to the center of the combustion chamber is not shielded in the inlet tumble enhancing direction, the air blocking structure is arranged in the inlet tumble weakening direction, the influence of inlet air in the circumferential direction on the tumble is reduced, a larger proportion of air inflow is used for forming the tumble through the center of the combustion chamber, the tumble strength is increased, the exhaust expansion structure is beneficial to reducing the influence of the roof structure on exhaust, the exhaust flow coefficient is increased, the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved, the fuel consumption rate is reduced, and compared with the valve which is obliquely arranged, the weight is reduced, the reliability of the engine is ensured, the problem that the width of the engine is increased due to oblique arrangement of the valve is avoided, the arrangement space of the whole compressor is solved, and the product competitiveness is favorably increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a cylinder head provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a cylinder head provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction B of fig. 3.
Wherein,,
1 is a cylinder cover; 101 is a roof structure; 102 is an intake valve; 103 is an exhaust valve; 104 is a spark plug; 105 is an exhaust expansion structure; 106 is the intake valve seat ring; 107 is an exhaust valve seat insert; 2 is a cylinder body; and 3 is a piston.
Detailed Description
One of the cores of the invention is to provide a cylinder cover, which has the structural design that the cylinder cover can meet the design requirement common to the structure of a diesel engine with the same platform, ensure the strength of intake tumble, facilitate the suppression of knocking tendency, improve the thermal efficiency of an engine, reduce the fuel consumption rate, improve the reliability of the engine and ensure the feasibility of mass production.
Another core of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber including the cylinder head, a method of designing the same, and an engine.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a bottom view of the cylinder head according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a top view of the cylinder head according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction in fig. 3, and fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction B in fig. 3.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cylinder cover 1, wherein a roof structure 101 is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover 1, an intake valve seat ring 106 is arranged in an intake duct throat of the air inlet side of the roof structure 101, an exhaust valve seat ring 107 is arranged in an exhaust duct throat of the air outlet side of the roof structure 101, and the axes of the intake valve seat ring 106 and the exhaust valve seat ring 107 are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover 1; one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is close to the air outlet duct throat, is in smooth transition connection with the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101, and one side of the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat, which is far away from the air outlet duct throat, extends to the bottom surface of the air cylinder cover 1 along the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the air cylinder cover 1 so as to be matched with the air inlet valve 102 to form an air blocking structure; the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat forms an exhaust guide surface on one side away from the intake passage throat, and a gap is formed between the exhaust guide surface and an exhaust valve 103 installed in an exhaust valve seat ring 107 to form an exhaust expansion structure 105.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the cylinder head 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the form of combining the vertical valve and the roof cylinder head 1, not only meets the design requirement common to the structure of the same platform diesel engine, but also can ensure that the direction from the intake valve 102 to the center of the combustion chamber is not blocked in the direction of enhancing the intake tumble, and the air blocking structure is arranged in the direction of weakening the intake tumble, so that the influence of the intake in the circumferential direction on the tumble is reduced, a larger proportion of the intake air is used for forming the tumble through the center of the combustion chamber, the intensity of the tumble is increased, the exhaust expansion structure 105 is beneficial to reducing the influence of the roof structure 101 on the exhaust, and the exhaust flow coefficient is increased, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the engine and reducing the fuel consumption rate.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, a side of the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat close to the inlet passage throat is opened on the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101, so as to reduce the influence on the exhaust and increase the exhaust flow coefficient.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the intake side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane satisfies 4 ° +.ltoreq.8°, the adjustment of the angle α between the intake side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane is achieved by adjusting the height H1 of the intake valve seat ring 106 described below and the radius R1 of the intersection line of the first arc-shaped transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101, and the angle β between the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane satisfies β=α+2°, that is, β should satisfy 6 ° +.ltoreq.10°, and the adjustment of the angle β between the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane is achieved by adjusting the height H2 of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 described below and the radius R2 of the intersection line of the second arc-shaped transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas guiding surface includes a guiding conical surface provided obliquely from the exhaust valve seat ring 107 to a direction away from the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 and a guiding circular arc surface connected to the guiding conical surface, the guiding circular arc surface being perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1, the guiding circular arc surface being arched in a direction away from the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring 107.
Further optimizing the above technical solution, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head 1 is provided with the spark plug 104, the discharge end of the spark plug 104 extends out from the roof structure 101, and the axis of the cylinder block 2 matched with the cylinder head 1 and the axis of the spark plug 104 are collinear, that is, the spark plug 104 is disposed at the center of the inner cavity of the cylinder block 2.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 is further provided with an intake side squeeze surface and an exhaust side squeeze surface, so as to increase the squeeze effect, the intake side squeeze surface is connected with the intake side surface of the roof structure 101, the exhaust side squeeze surface is connected with the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101, the intake side squeeze surface is used to cooperate with the top surface of the piston 3 to form an intake side squeeze structure, and the exhaust side squeeze surface is used to cooperate with the top surface of the piston 3 to form an exhaust side squeeze structure.
As is preferable, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the plane extending in the axial direction of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 to the intake valve seat ring 106 on the corresponding side and passing through the axis of the spark plug 104 is the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101, the length L1 of the intersection line of the intake side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 satisfies l1= (8% -10%) D, and the length L2 of the intersection line of the exhaust side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 satisfies l2= (8% -10%) D, where D is the inner cavity diameter of the cylinder block 2 mated with the cylinder head 1, by the above design, on the one hand, the harmful volume is reduced, on the other hand, the intake side squish is formed, the intake combustion propagation is ensured, and knocking by the tip mixture gas is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a plane extending in the axial direction of the intake valve seat ring 106 from the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 to the corresponding side and passing through the axis of the spark plug 104 is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101, the intake side surface of the roof structure 101 between the gas blocking structure and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 is a first arc transition surface, the first arc transition surface arches in a direction away from the intake valve seat ring 106, a radius R1 of an intersection line of the first arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 satisfies R1 ≡10mm, the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 between the exhaust expansion structure 105 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 is a second arc transition surface arching in a direction away from the exhaust valve seat ring 107, and a radius R2 of an intersection line of the second arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 satisfies R2 ≡10mm.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the air intake side surface and the air exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 are connected by a rounded chamfer, and the radius R3 of the intersection line of the rounded chamfer and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 satisfies R3 > 30mm.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the distance L3 between the intersection line of the intake side surface and the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and the axis of the spark plug 104 satisfies 0 mm.ltoreq.L3.ltoreq.7 mm.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the distance L4 between the intersection of the intake side surface and the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and the discharge end of the spark plug 104 satisfies 2mm L4 5mm. The maximum distance L5 between the exhaust gas flow guiding surface and the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust valve 103 satisfies 3 mm.ltoreq.L5.ltoreq.5 mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the distance between the bottom surface of the intake valve seat ring 106 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 is the intake valve seat ring 106 height H1, the intake valve seat ring 106 height H1 satisfies H1 be more than or equal to 10mm, the distance between the bottom surface of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 is the exhaust valve seat ring 107 height H2, the exhaust valve seat ring 107 height H2 satisfies h2=h1- (2 mm to 4 mm), and the adjustment of the angle α between the intake side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane and the angle β between the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane can be achieved by adjusting the values of the intake valve seat ring 106 height H1 and the exhaust valve seat ring 107 height H2.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a combustion chamber, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, which is enclosed by a cylinder block 2, a piston 3 disposed in the cylinder block 2, and a cylinder head 1 disposed above the cylinder block 2, wherein the cylinder head 1 of the combustion chamber is the cylinder head 1 described in the above embodiment, and the combustion chamber adopts the cylinder head 1 in the above embodiment, so the technical effect of the combustion chamber is please refer to the above embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber pit is provided on the top of the piston 3 and the top surface of the piston 3 provided around the combustion chamber pit, the plane extending along the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring 107 to the axis direction of the intake valve seat ring 106 on the corresponding side and passing through the axis of the piston 3 is the longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber, the intersection line of the roof structure 101 and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber is the roof structure 101 feature line, the intersection line of the combustion chamber pit and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber is the combustion chamber pit feature line, the distance L6 between the intake side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the intake side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line satisfies l6= (5% -10%) D, and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line satisfies l7= (5% -10%) D, wherein D is the inner cavity diameter of the cylinder block 2, that is the distance L6 between the side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the intake side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line, and the distance L7 between the roof structure feature line and the exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber feature line is equal.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the position of the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 corresponding to the cylinder block 2 is a shape formed by intersecting the roof structure 101 with a cylindrical surface having a diameter of 0.5mm to 1.5mm larger than the inner cavity diameter of the cylinder block 2, that is, the diameter D' =d+ (0.5 mm to 1.5 mm) of the cylindrical surface.
The embodiment of the invention provides a design method of a combustion chamber, which comprises the following steps:
the opening size of the combustion chamber pocket of the piston 3 is determined and the target compression ratio of the engine.
The length L1 of an intersection line of an air inlet side squeeze surface of the cylinder head 1 and a longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure 101 of the cylinder head 1 is preset, and a distance L6 between an air inlet side endpoint of a characteristic line of the roof structure 101 and an air inlet side endpoint of a characteristic line of the combustion chamber pit is calculated and obtained according to the opening size of the combustion chamber pit of the piston 3 and the preset L1.
The height H1 of the intake valve seat ring 106 and the radius R1 of the intersection line of the first arc-shaped transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure 101 are adjusted, and the included angle α of the intake side surface of the roof structure 101 and the horizontal plane is adjusted to be within a preset range.
The length L2 of the intersection line of the exhaust side squeeze surface of the cylinder head 1 and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure 101 of the cylinder head 1 is preset, and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the roof structure 101 and the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the pit of the combustion chamber is calculated and obtained, so that L2 is equal to or approximately equal to L1, and L7 is equal to or approximately equal to L6.
The height H2 of the exhaust valve seat ring 107, the radius R2 of the intersection of the second arcuate transition surface with the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the roof structure 101, and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line are adjusted so that the angle β of the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 to the horizontal satisfies β=α+2° or β≡α+2°.
Adjusting a distance L3 between an intersection line of an intake side surface and an exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and an axis of the spark plug 104 and a radius R3 of an intersection line of a circular arc chamfer surface between the intake side surface and the exhaust side surface of the roof structure 101 and a longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure 101 to determine a highest point of the roof structure 101; the dimension of the shape of the position of the bottom surface of the cylinder head 1 corresponding to the cylinder block 2 is calculated from the length L1 of the intersection of the intake side squish face of the cylinder head 1 and the longitudinal symmetry face of the roof structure 101 of the cylinder head 1, the length L2 of the intersection of the exhaust side squish face of the cylinder head 1 and the longitudinal symmetry face of the roof structure 101 of the cylinder head 1, the distance L6 between the intake side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the intake side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line, and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the roof structure 101 feature line and the exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber pit feature line.
And adjusting the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure 101 and the discharge end of the spark plug 104, and performing simulation test, wherein the height H1 of the air inlet valve seat ring 106, the height H2 of the air outlet valve seat ring 107 and the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure 101 and the discharge end of the spark plug 104 are adjusted in the simulation test process to determine the ignition position of the spark plug 104, and the tumble ratio strength and the air inlet flow coefficient under different H1 and L3 combinations are calculated in a simulation mode when L3=0 mm, 1mm, 3mm, 5mm and 7mm. When l4=2 mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm were calculated, three-dimensional combustion was performed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an engine, which comprises the combustion chamber in the embodiment, and the technical effect of the engine is that the engine adopts the combustion chamber in the embodiment, so that the engine is referred to the embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the core concepts of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (17)

1. The cylinder cover is characterized in that a roof structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, an air inlet pipe throat of the air inlet side of the roof structure is internally provided with an air inlet valve seat ring, an air outlet pipe throat of the air outlet side of the roof structure is internally provided with an air outlet valve seat ring, and the axis of the air inlet valve seat ring and the axis of the air outlet valve seat ring are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover;
the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat is in smooth transition connection with the exhaust side surface of the roof structure at one side close to the air outlet duct throat, and the bottom hole of the air inlet duct throat extends to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover along the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover at one side far away from the air outlet duct throat so as to form an air blocking structure in cooperation with an air inlet valve;
the bottom hole of the exhaust passage throat is far away from one side of the air inlet passage throat to form an exhaust diversion surface, a gap is formed between the exhaust diversion surface and an exhaust valve arranged in the exhaust valve seat ring to form an exhaust expansion structure, the exhaust diversion surface comprises a diversion conical surface and a diversion arc surface, the diversion conical surface is obliquely arranged from the exhaust valve seat ring to a direction far away from the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring, the diversion arc surface is connected with the diversion conical surface, the diversion arc surface is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, and the diversion arc surface is arched in a direction far away from the axis of the exhaust valve seat ring.
2. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein a bottom hole of the exhaust port throat is open to an exhaust side surface of the roof structure on a side of the intake port throat.
3. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α of the intake side surface of the roof structure to the horizontal plane satisfies 4 ° - α -8 °, and the angle β of the exhaust side surface of the roof structure to the horizontal plane satisfies β = α+2 °.
4. A cylinder head according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the cylinder head is provided with a spark plug, the discharge end of which protrudes from the roof structure, the axis of the cylinder block with which the cylinder head cooperates and the axis of the spark plug being collinear.
5. The cylinder head of claim 4, wherein the bottom surface of the cylinder head is further provided with an intake side squish face connected with an intake side surface of the roof structure and an exhaust side squish face connected with an exhaust side surface of the roof structure, the intake side squish face being configured to cooperate with a piston top surface to form an intake side squish structure, and the exhaust side squish face being configured to cooperate with the piston top surface to form an exhaust side squish structure.
6. The cylinder head according to claim 5, wherein a plane extending in an axial direction of the exhaust valve seat toward an axial direction of the intake valve seat on a corresponding side and passing through an axis of the spark plug is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure, a length L1 of an intersection line of the intake side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies l1= (8% > -10%) D, and a length L2 of an intersection line of the exhaust side squish face and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies l2= (8% > -10%) D, wherein D is a bore diameter of a cylinder block that mates with the cylinder head.
7. The cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein a plane extending in an axial direction of the exhaust valve seat ring to an axial direction of the intake valve seat ring on a corresponding side and passing through an axis of the spark plug is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure, an intake side surface of the roof structure between the gas blocking structure and a bottom surface of the cylinder head is a first arc transition surface, the first arc transition surface arches away from the intake valve seat ring, a radius R1 of an intersection line of the first arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies R1 ≡10mm, an exhaust side surface of the roof structure between the exhaust expansion structure and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is a second arc transition surface arching away from the exhaust valve seat ring, and a radius R2 of an intersection line of the second arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure satisfies R2 ≡10mm.
8. The cylinder head of claim 7, wherein the intake side surface and the exhaust side surface of the roof structure are connected by a radiused chamfer, the radius R3 of the intersection of the radiused chamfer and the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the roof structure satisfying R3 > 30mm.
9. The cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein a distance L3 between an intersection of an intake side surface and an exhaust side surface of the roof structure and an axis of the spark plug satisfies 0mm ∈l3+.7mm.
10. The cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein a distance L4 between an intersection of an intake side surface and an exhaust side surface of the roof structure and a discharge end of the spark plug satisfies 2mm ∈l4 ∈5mm.
11. The cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 10, characterized in that a maximum distance L5 between the exhaust gas flow guiding surface and the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust valve satisfies 3mm +.l5 +.5 mm.
12. The cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 10, characterized in that a distance between a bottom surface of the intake valve seat ring and a bottom surface of the cylinder head is an intake valve seat ring height H1, the intake valve seat ring height H1 satisfies H1 being equal to or greater than 10mm, a distance between a bottom surface of the exhaust valve seat ring and a bottom surface of the cylinder head is an exhaust valve seat ring height H2, and the exhaust valve seat ring height H2 satisfies h2=h1- (2 mm to 4 mm).
13. A combustion chamber surrounded by a cylinder block, a piston disposed within the cylinder block, and a cylinder head located above the cylinder block, characterized in that the cylinder head is the cylinder head according to any one of claims 1-12.
14. The combustion chamber of claim 13, wherein a top of the piston is provided with a combustion chamber pit and a top surface of the piston provided around the combustion chamber pit, a plane extending in an axial direction of the exhaust valve seat to an axial direction of the intake valve seat on a corresponding side and passing through the axial direction of the piston is a longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber, an intersection line of the roof structure and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber is a roof structure characteristic line, an intersection line of the combustion chamber pit and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber is a combustion chamber pit characteristic line, a distance L6 between an intake side end point of the roof structure characteristic line and an intake side end point of the combustion chamber pit characteristic line satisfies l6= (5% -10%) D, and a distance L7 between an exhaust side end point of the roof structure characteristic line and an exhaust side end point of the combustion chamber characteristic line satisfies l7= (5% -10%) D, wherein D is an inner cavity diameter of the cylinder block.
15. The combustion chamber of claim 13, wherein the bottom surface of the cylinder head and the cylinder block are in a shape of the roof structure intersecting a cylindrical surface having a diameter of 0.5mm to 1.5mm larger than the inner cavity of the cylinder block.
16. A method of designing a combustion chamber for use in the design of a combustion chamber as claimed in claim 14, comprising the steps of:
determining an opening size of a combustion chamber pocket of the piston and a target compression ratio of the engine;
presetting the length L1 of an intersection line of an air inlet side squeeze surface of the cylinder cover and a longitudinal symmetry surface of a dome structure of the cylinder cover, and calculating and acquiring the distance L6 between an air inlet side endpoint of a dome structure characteristic line and an air inlet side endpoint of a combustion chamber pit characteristic line according to the opening size of a combustion chamber pit of a piston and the preset L1;
adjusting the height H1 of the air inlet valve seat ring and the radius R1 of an intersection line of the first arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure, and adjusting the included angle alpha between the air inlet side surface of the roof structure and the horizontal plane to be within a preset range;
presetting the length L2 of an intersection line of an exhaust side squeeze surface of the cylinder cover and a longitudinal symmetry plane of a roof structure of the cylinder cover, and calculating to obtain the distance L7 between an exhaust side end point of a roof structure characteristic line and an exhaust side end point of a pit characteristic line of a combustion chamber, so that L2 is equal to or approximately equal to L1, and L7 is equal to or approximately equal to L6;
adjusting the height H2 of the exhaust valve seat ring, the radius R2 of an intersection line of the second arc transition surface and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the roof structure and the distance L7 between the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the roof structure and the exhaust side end point of the characteristic line of the pit of the combustion chamber, so that the included angle beta between the exhaust side surface of the roof structure and the horizontal plane meets beta = alpha +2 degrees or beta +.alpha +2 degrees;
adjusting the distance L3 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the axis of the spark plug and the radius R3 of the intersection line of the arc chamfer surface between the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure to determine the highest point of the roof structure;
calculating the size of the shape of the position corresponding to the bottom surface of the cylinder head and the cylinder block according to the length L1 of an intersection line of an air inlet side extrusion surface of the cylinder head and a longitudinal symmetry surface of a roof structure of the cylinder head, the length L2 of an intersection line of an air outlet side extrusion surface of the cylinder head and the longitudinal symmetry surface of the roof structure of the cylinder head, the distance L6 between an air inlet side end point of a roof structure characteristic line and an air inlet side end point of a combustion chamber pit characteristic line and the distance L7 between an air outlet side end point of the roof structure characteristic line and an air outlet side end point of the combustion chamber pit characteristic line;
and adjusting the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the discharge end of the spark plug, and performing a simulation test, wherein the height H1 of the air inlet valve seat ring, the height H2 of the air outlet valve seat ring and the distance L4 between the intersection line of the air inlet side surface and the air outlet side surface of the roof structure and the discharge end of the spark plug are adjusted in the simulation test process so as to determine the ignition position of the spark plug.
17. An engine comprising a combustion chamber according to any one of claims 13 to 15.
CN202310668317.1A 2023-06-07 2023-06-07 Cylinder head, combustion chamber, design method of combustion chamber and engine Active CN116378845B (en)

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CN117108395B (en) * 2023-10-23 2024-01-16 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Combustion chamber, combustion system, design method of combustion system and engine
CN117469048B (en) * 2023-12-28 2024-04-16 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Cylinder cover, design method thereof and ignition type internal combustion engine
CN117569942B (en) * 2024-01-17 2024-04-16 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Engine cylinder cover and engine
CN117685127B (en) * 2024-02-04 2024-05-17 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Engine cylinder cover and engine
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