CN116378821A

CN116378821A - Separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116378821A
Application number: CN202310450489.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张学文; 张程尧; 倪培永; 董运晓; 纪策
Original assignee: Nantong University
Current assignee: Nantong University
Priority date: 2023-04-24
Filing date: 2023-04-24
Publication date: 2023-07-04

Abstract

The invention relates to a separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine and a working method thereof, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises a pair of working units formed by 1 mixing cylinder and 1 working cylinder, a pressure chamber and an ignition system are arranged at the middle position of the top between the two cylinders, the front end of the pressure chamber is communicated with the mixing cylinder through an exhaust valve of the mixing cylinder, and the rear end of the pressure chamber is communicated with the working cylinder through an intake valve of the working cylinder; the fresh air and the fuel form uniform mixed fuel gas under the action of upward pushing of a mixing cylinder piston, and then the uniformly mixed fuel gas is pushed into a pressure chamber to be stabilized and then ignited for supplying to a working cylinder, so that air intake and compression are completed; the combustion gas enters the working cylinder to push the piston of the working cylinder to do work downwards, so as to complete the working and exhaust strokes; the invention solves the technical problems that in the prior art, air and fuel are mixed while being combusted in the combustion process of the four-stroke compression ignition type internal combustion engine, so that average combustion cannot be realized, and the fuel injection system is provided with higher pressure.

Description

Separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of internal combustion engines.

Background

In a conventional four-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, air is sucked into a cylinder in an intake stroke, and then the piston is compressed by the piston to form a certain pressure in an upward direction of a compression stroke, when the piston approaches a top dead center, diesel oil is pressurized by an oil injector to form high-pressure fuel oil, the high-pressure fuel oil is sprayed into the cylinder in an atomized form and mixed with compressed high-temperature air, and when the temperature reaches a combustion point, combustion mixture is combusted by itself, and the combustion process is that combustion is carried out while mixing. Due to the influences of factors such as the shape of a combustion chamber, parameters of an air passage, the structures of a cylinder sleeve and a piston top, oil injection pressure, oil injection time and the like, air and fuel are not uniformly mixed in the combustion process, and the problems of high fuel consumption, more discharged pollutants, low combustion efficiency and the like are caused by insufficient combustion.

In the prior art, the invention as in application number 201710368992.7 discloses a single-valve four-stroke internal combustion engine, which structurally comprises a cylinder, a cylinder cover, a piston, a valve and an oil injector; the cylinder is fixedly connected with the cylinder cover, and a gas circulation channel is arranged in the cylinder cover; the gas circulation channel consists of an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel and a cooling air channel which are communicated with each other; an air inlet valve is arranged in the air inlet passage, an exhaust valve is arranged in the exhaust passage, and a cooling valve is arranged in the cooling air passage; a reciprocating piston is arranged in the cylinder; the valve is arranged in the cylinder cover and is coaxial with the piston; the valve is provided with a plurality of first through holes; the plurality of oil injectors are arranged in the cylinder cover, and when the valve blocks the inside of the cylinder and the gas circulation channel through reciprocating motion, the plurality of oil injectors are in sealing fit with the plurality of first through holes and correspond to each other one by one. However, the single valve structure adopted by the internal combustion engine disclosed in the above application cannot ensure that the exhaust gas is fully discharged during air intake and exhaust, so that the problems of uneven gas mixing, more discharged pollutants and low combustion efficiency cannot be fundamentally solved; meanwhile, the air circulation channel is arranged on the cylinder cover, so that the strength and rigidity of the cylinder cover are reduced, and a plurality of oil injectors are required to be installed, so that the engine is slow in dynamic response during high-speed operation, relatively complex in structure and relatively high in cost.

It is therefore desirable to design a new internal combustion engine that addresses the above-described issues.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine and a working method thereof, which solve the problem that the average combustion cannot be realized due to the fact that air and fuel are mixed while being combusted in the combustion process under the premise that a fuel injection system of a four-stroke compression ignition type internal combustion engine in the prior art has higher pressure.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine, characterized in that: the device comprises a mixing cylinder, a pressure chamber and a working cylinder, wherein the pressure chamber is arranged at the middle positions of the tops of the mixing cylinder and the working cylinder, and an ignition system is also arranged at the middle positions of the tops of the mixing cylinder and the working cylinder;

the top of the mixing cylinder is provided with a mixing cylinder exhaust valve and a mixing cylinder intake valve, the top of the acting cylinder is provided with an acting cylinder intake valve and an acting cylinder exhaust valve, the pressure chamber is simultaneously communicated with the mixing cylinder exhaust valve and the acting cylinder intake valve, and when the mixing cylinder exhaust valve and the acting cylinder intake valve are closed, a closed space is formed in the pressure chamber;

an air inlet channel is arranged on the air inlet side of the internal combustion engine, and an oil sprayer is arranged on the pipe wall of the air inlet channel;

a mixing cylinder piston is arranged in the mixing cylinder and is connected with the crankshaft through a mixing cylinder connecting rod, a working cylinder piston is arranged in the working cylinder and is connected with the crankshaft through a working cylinder connecting rod;

as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine is an engine; the engine is an even-number type cylinder engine or a V-type even-number type cylinder engine;

as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a cylinder head is covered outside the pressure chamber, a cam shaft is mounted on the cylinder head, a cam position sensor is mounted on the cam shaft, an EGR valve and an exhaust gas temperature sensor are also included, and the EGR valve, the cam position sensor and the exhaust gas temperature sensor are all mounted in an EGR pipe;

as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the EGR valve, the fuel injector, and the ignition system are controlled by an ECU;

according to the engine operation condition, the ECU controls the opening degree of the EGR valve, and the waste gas which is not completely combusted is reintroduced into the pressure chamber for combustion, so as to form an waste gas recirculation system;

as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the fuel injector is coupled to the fuel pump through a fuel pipe;

as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the chamber formed by the top of the mixing cylinder piston, the diesel cylinder liner, and the bottom of the cylinder head is the mixing cylinder described above;

the cavity formed by the top of the piston of the working cylinder, the cylinder sleeve of the diesel engine and the bottom of the cylinder cover is the working cylinder;

the working method of the separate-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine comprises the following steps:

step S1: starting an internal combustion engine, rotating a crankshaft, opening an inlet valve of a mixing cylinder, closing an exhaust valve of the mixing cylinder, driving a piston of the mixing cylinder to move downwards through a connecting rod of the mixing cylinder, sucking fresh air into an air inlet channel, controlling the opening of an oil injector by an ECU according to a signal of a cam position signal generator of a cam shaft, and injecting fuel oil into the air inlet channel, wherein the fuel oil and the fresh air form an initial fuel gas mixture; the piston of the mixing cylinder continues to move downwards, the initial gas mixture is sucked into the mixing cylinder, and when the piston moves downwards to the bottom dead center, the air inlet stroke is completed;

step S2: the crankshaft continues to rotate, the mixing cylinder piston starts to move upwards under the pushing of the mixing cylinder connecting rod, at the moment, the mixing cylinder inlet valve is closed, the initial gas mixture is pushed by the top of the mixing cylinder piston to form turbulence of squeeze flow or tumble flow, the gap between the top of the mixing cylinder piston and the bottom of the cylinder cover is smaller and smaller along with the continuous ascending of the mixing cylinder piston, the initial gas mixture pressure is increased, and the fuel and air form high-pressure uniform mixture; when the mixing cylinder piston moves upwards to be close to the vicinity of the top dead center, the compression stroke is completed;

step S3: when the mixing cylinder piston moves upwards to be close to the upper dead center, the mixing cylinder exhaust valve is opened, the acting cylinder intake valve is closed, the high-pressure uniform mixed gas enters the pressure chamber under the pushing of the mixing cylinder piston, when the mixing cylinder piston moves to the upper dead center, the mixing cylinder exhaust valve is closed, and the ignition system ignites the high-pressure uniform mixed gas under the control of the ECU to form deflagrated combustion gas; meanwhile, an air inlet valve of the working cylinder is opened, deflagrated combustion gas enters the working cylinder through the air inlet valve of the working cylinder, the piston of the working cylinder is pushed to move downwards, a crankshaft is pushed to rotate through a connecting rod of the working cylinder to do work outwards, and when the piston of the working cylinder moves downwards to a lower dead point, the working stroke is completed;

step S4: the crankshaft continues to rotate under the action of inertia, the acting cylinder piston is pushed to move upwards through the acting cylinder connecting rod, at the moment, the acting cylinder inlet valve is closed, the acting cylinder exhaust valve is opened, the waste gas after acting is pushed by the acting cylinder piston to be discharged through the acting cylinder exhaust valve, and when the acting cylinder goes up to the upper dead center, the exhaust stroke is completed;

as a further preferred feature of the invention,

the EGR exhaust gas temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the exhaust gas in the pressure chamber, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is lower than a preset temperature, the EGR valve is controlled by the ECU to open or close according to a preset flow section so as to introduce high-temperature fuel gas into the pressure chamber, heat unburned fuel gas and improve the cold starting performance of the internal combustion engine;

under the partial load working condition, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the preset temperature, according to the pressure and flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is opened or closed according to the preset flow section, and partial incompletely combusted fuel gas is reintroduced into the pressure chamber for combustion, so that an exhaust gas recirculation system is formed, and the emission pollutants of the internal combustion engine are reduced;

as a further preferred aspect of the invention, the fuel in the oil pump is injected into the air inlet (5) by the injector under the control of the ECU, and the pressure is 80-100MPa.

Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the split-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine, the pressure of initial gas mixture formed by mixing air and fuel is 80-100MPa, and compared with the injection pressure of a traditional four-stroke compression ignition type internal combustion engine which is 120-2500MPa, the injection pressure of the injection system can greatly reduce the technical requirement of the injection system, so that the cost is reduced by 50%;

2. the fuel injection system and the combustion system of the separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine provided by the invention have the advantages that the structure is simple, the requirements on an exhaust aftertreatment device and an oil supply system are low, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced;

3. according to the split-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine, through the parallel bar design of the mixing cylinder and the working cylinder, the initial gas mixture is pushed by the mixing cylinder piston of the mixing cylinder to push the mixture to flow in a lovely extrusion way, so that uniform gas mixture is formed, and compared with a traditional four-stroke compression ignition type internal combustion engine, the gas mixture is uniformly mixed, and the combustion efficiency is high;

4. the separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine provided by the invention has the advantages that the air inlet and compression are completed in the mixing cylinder, the combustion work and the exhaust are completed in the working cylinder, the design of the two-cylinder structure ensures that the temperature and the wall surface temperature are basically balanced, and the heat exchange loss is less.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 is a crankshaft, 2 is a mixing cylinder piston, 3 is a mixing cylinder, 4 is a mixing cylinder inlet valve, 5 is an air inlet channel, 6 is an oil injector, 7 is an oil pump, 8 is a mixing cylinder exhaust valve, 9 is a pressure chamber, 10 is an ignition system, 11 is an ECU,12 is a cam position sensor, 13 is an EGR valve, 14 is an EGR system, 15 is a working cylinder inlet valve, 16 is a working cylinder exhaust valve, 17 is a working cylinder, 18 is a working cylinder piston, 19 is a mixing cylinder connecting rod, 20 is a working cylinder connecting rod, and 21 is an exhaust gas temperature sensor.

Description of the embodiments

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "left," "right," "upper," "lower," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and that "first," "second," etc. do not represent the importance of the components and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions adopted in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As explained in the background art, regarding the structure of the four-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine, the intake, compression, working and exhaust strokes are all completed in one cylinder, the greatest disadvantage of the structure is that the uniform mixing of the gas mixture cannot be ensured, in order to solve the greatest difficulty, the present application provides a split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment, which comprises a pair of working units consisting of 1 mixing cylinder and 1 working cylinder, the pressure chamber 9 is arranged at the top middle positions of the mixing cylinder and the working cylinder, the ignition system 10 is also installed at the top middle positions of the mixing cylinder 3 and the working cylinder 17, the front end of the pressure chamber is communicated with the mixing cylinder through the mixing cylinder exhaust valve 8, and the rear end of the pressure chamber is communicated with the working cylinder through the working cylinder intake valve 15; the fresh air and the fuel form uniform mixed fuel gas under the action of upward pushing of the mixing cylinder piston 2, and then the mixed fuel gas is pushed into a pressure chamber for stabilizing pressure and then is ignited for supplying to a working cylinder, so that the air inlet and compression strokes are completed; the combustion gas enters the working cylinder to push the working cylinder piston 18 to do work downwards, and the working and exhaust strokes are completed.

The split-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine is an engine; typically, the engine is an even-numbered block engine or a V-shaped even-numbered block engine.

An air inlet passage 5 is arranged on one side of the pressure chamber, and an oil sprayer 6 is arranged on the pipe wall of the air inlet passage; the air inlet channel is independently arranged, so that the reduction of strength and rigidity of the cylinder cover caused by the arrangement on the cylinder cover is avoided, the fuel injector is directly arranged on the air inlet channel, and the engine is prevented from being slow in power response caused by complex structure when the engine runs at a high speed by a single design. The engine also comprises an EGR valve 13, a cam position sensor 12 and an exhaust gas temperature sensor 21, a cylinder cover is covered outside the pressure chamber, a cam shaft is arranged on the cylinder cover, the cam position sensor is arranged on the cam shaft, and the EGR valve, the cam position sensor and the exhaust gas temperature sensor are all arranged in an EGR pipeline; the EGR valve, the fuel injector and the ignition system are all controlled by the ECU 11; the fuel injector is connected with the oil pump 7 through the oil pipe, the oil pump presses the fuel into the fuel injector through the oil pipe, and the fuel is sprayed into the air inlet channel through the ECU at preset time and preset pressure, fresh air is filled into the air inlet channel through the ECU, the fuel injector and the air inlet channel under the control of the ECU, the fuel is sprayed into the air inlet channel at preset time and preset quantity under the pressure of 80-100MPa, initial gas mixture is formed, the injection pressure of the traditional four-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine is obviously 120-2500MPa, the injection pressure realized by the method can greatly reduce the injection pressure on the premise of meeting uniform mixing, after the injection pressure is reduced, the technical requirement of an injection system can be reduced, so that the cost is reduced, and the cost can be reduced by about 50% through experimental discovery.

Under the control of the ECU, the incompletely combusted fuel gas is reintroduced into the pressure chamber to form an exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR system 14), and the EGR system formed here can ensure sufficient combustion, further improving combustion efficiency.

Because the initial gas mixture needs to be mixed, a mixing cylinder piston is arranged in the mixing cylinder and is connected with the crankshaft 1 through a mixing cylinder connecting rod 19, and a working cylinder piston is arranged in the working cylinder and is connected with the crankshaft through a working cylinder connecting rod 20. The mixing cylinder crankshaft is communicated with the crankshaft. The operation positions of the mixing cylinder piston and the working cylinder piston can be controlled by rotating the crankshaft, so that the requirements of gas-gas mixture mixing or gas-gas mixture working are met. As is obvious from the figure, the cylinder cover is covered outside the pressure chamber (the valve is directly arranged on the cylinder cover), and the cavity formed by the top of the piston of the mixing cylinder, the cylinder sleeve of the diesel engine (namely, the structure of the sawtooth part in the figure) and the bottom of the cylinder cover is the mixing cylinder; the cavity formed by the top of the piston of the working cylinder, the cylinder sleeve of the diesel engine and the bottom of the cylinder cover is the working cylinder.

The application also provides a working method of the separate-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine, so as to elaborate the advantages of the double-cylinder design, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1: the internal combustion engine is started, the crankshaft rotates, at the moment, the air inlet valve 4 of the mixing cylinder is opened, the air outlet valve of the mixing cylinder is closed, the piston of the mixing cylinder is driven to move downwards through the connecting rod of the mixing cylinder, fresh air is sucked into the air inlet channel, the ECU controls the opening of the fuel injector according to the signal of the cam position signal generator of the cam shaft, fuel oil is injected into the air inlet channel, and the fuel oil and the fresh air form initial fuel gas mixture; the piston of the mixing cylinder continues to move downwards, the initial gas mixture is sucked into the mixing cylinder, and when the piston moves downwards to the bottom dead center, the air inlet stroke is completed;

step S4: the crankshaft continues to rotate under the action of inertia, the working cylinder piston is pushed to move upwards through the working cylinder connecting rod, at the moment, the working cylinder inlet valve is closed, the working cylinder exhaust valve 16 is opened, the exhaust gas after working is discharged through the working cylinder exhaust valve under the pushing of the working cylinder piston, and when the working cylinder piston moves upwards to the upper dead center, the exhaust stroke is completed.

The EGR valve is controlled by the ECU to open or close according to a preset flow section so as to introduce high-temperature fuel gas into the pressure chamber, heat unburned fuel gas and improve cold starting performance of the internal combustion engine; under the partial load working condition, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the preset temperature, the exhaust gas is opened or closed according to the preset flow section according to the pressure and the flow of the exhaust gas, and partial incompletely combusted fuel gas is reintroduced into the pressure chamber for combustion, so that an exhaust gas recirculation system is formed, and the emission pollutants of the internal combustion engine are reduced.

According to the explanation, the cylinder-separated combustion type internal combustion engine fundamentally solves the problems of uneven gas mixing, more discharged pollutants and low combustion efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The meaning of "and/or" as referred to in this application means that each exists alone or both.

As used herein, "connected" means either a direct connection between elements or an indirect connection between elements via other elements.

With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. A split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine, characterized in that: the device comprises a mixing cylinder (3), a pressure chamber (9) and a working cylinder (17), wherein the pressure chamber (9) is arranged at the middle positions of the tops of the mixing cylinder (3) and the working cylinder (17), and an ignition system (10) is further arranged at the middle positions of the tops of the mixing cylinder (3) and the working cylinder (17);

a mixing cylinder exhaust valve (8) and a mixing cylinder intake valve (4) are arranged at the top of the mixing cylinder, a working cylinder intake valve (15) and a working cylinder exhaust valve (16) are arranged at the top of the working cylinder, the pressure chamber is simultaneously communicated with the mixing cylinder exhaust valve (8) and the working cylinder intake valve (15), and when the mixing cylinder exhaust valve (8) and the working cylinder intake valve (15) are closed, a closed space is formed in the pressure chamber (9);

an air inlet channel (5) is arranged on the air inlet side of the internal combustion engine, and an oil injector (6) is arranged on the pipe wall of the air inlet channel (5);

a mixing cylinder piston (2) is arranged in the mixing cylinder (3), the mixing cylinder piston (2) is connected with the crankshaft (1) through a mixing cylinder connecting rod (19), a working cylinder piston (18) is arranged in the working cylinder (16), and the working cylinder piston (18) is connected with the crankshaft (1) through a working cylinder connecting rod (20).

2. The split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein: the cylinder-separated combustion type internal combustion engine is an engine; the engine is an even-number type cylinder engine or a V-type even-number type cylinder engine.

3. The split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: a cylinder cover is covered outside the pressure chamber (9), a cam shaft is arranged on the cylinder cover, a cam position sensor (12) is arranged on the cam shaft, the engine further comprises an EGR valve (13) and an exhaust gas temperature sensor (21), and the EGR valve (13), the cam position sensor (12) and the exhaust gas temperature sensor (21) are all arranged in an EGR pipeline (14).

4. A split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the EGR valve (13), the fuel injector (6) and the ignition system (10) are controlled by the ECU (11);

according to the engine operation condition, the ECU (11) controls the opening degree of the EGR valve (13) to reintroduce the incompletely combusted exhaust gas into the pressure chamber (9) for combustion, so as to form an exhaust gas recirculation system.

5. The split-cylinder combustion type internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein: the oil injector (6) is connected with the oil pump (7) through an oil pipe.

6. The split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the cavity formed by the top of the mixing cylinder piston (2), the diesel engine cylinder sleeve and the bottom of the cylinder cover is the mixing cylinder (3);

the chambers formed by the top of the working cylinder piston (18), the diesel cylinder liner and the bottom of the cylinder head are the working cylinders (16).

7. A method of operating a split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1: the internal combustion engine is started, the crankshaft (1) rotates, at the moment, the air inlet valve (4) of the mixing cylinder is opened, the air outlet valve (8) of the mixing cylinder is closed, the piston (2) of the mixing cylinder drives downward through the connecting rod (19) of the mixing cylinder to suck fresh air into the air inlet channel (5), the ECU (11) controls the opening of the fuel injector according to the signal of the cam position signal generator of the camshaft, fuel oil is injected into the air inlet channel (5), and the fuel oil and the fresh air form initial fuel gas mixture; the mixing cylinder piston (2) continues to descend, the initial gas mixture is sucked into the mixing cylinder (3), and when the piston (2) descends to the bottom dead center, the air inlet stroke is completed;

step S2: the crankshaft continues to rotate, the mixing cylinder piston (2) starts to move upwards under the pushing of the mixing cylinder connecting rod (19), at the moment, the mixing cylinder inlet valve (4) is closed, the initial gas mixture forms turbulence of squeeze flow or tumble flow under the pushing of the top of the mixing cylinder piston (2), the gap between the top of the mixing cylinder piston (2) and the bottom of the cylinder cover is smaller and smaller along with the continuous ascending of the mixing cylinder piston (2), the initial gas mixture pressure is increased, and the fuel and the air form high-pressure uniform mixture; when the mixing cylinder piston moves upwards to be close to the vicinity of the top dead center, the compression stroke is completed;

step S3: when the mixing cylinder piston moves upwards to the vicinity of the top dead center, an exhaust valve (8) of the mixing cylinder is opened, an intake valve (15) of the working cylinder is closed, high-pressure uniform mixed gas enters a pressure chamber (9) under the pushing of the mixing cylinder piston (2), and when the mixing cylinder piston moves to the top dead center, the exhaust valve (8) of the mixing cylinder is closed, and an ignition system ignites the high-pressure uniform mixed gas under the control of an ECU (11) to form deflagrated combustion gas; meanwhile, an air inlet valve (15) of the acting cylinder is opened, deflagrated combustion gas enters the acting cylinder (16) through the air inlet valve (15) of the acting cylinder, a piston (18) of the acting cylinder is pushed to move downwards, a crankshaft (1) is pushed to rotate through a connecting rod (20) of the acting cylinder to apply work outwards, and when the piston (18) of the acting cylinder moves downwards to a bottom dead center, the acting stroke is completed;

step S4: the crankshaft continues to rotate under the action of inertia, the working cylinder piston (18) is pushed to move upwards through the working cylinder connecting rod (20), at the moment, the working cylinder inlet valve (15) is closed, the working cylinder outlet valve (16) is opened, the waste gas after working is pushed by the working cylinder piston (18) to be discharged through the working cylinder outlet valve (16), and when the working cylinder piston (18) moves upwards to the upper dead point, the exhaust stroke is completed.

8. The method of operating a split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine of claim 7, wherein:

the EGR exhaust gas temperature sensor (21) monitors the temperature of the exhaust gas in the pressure chamber, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is lower than a preset temperature, the EGR valve (13) is controlled by the ECU (11) to open or close according to a preset flow section so as to introduce high-temperature fuel gas into the pressure chamber, heat unburned fuel gas and improve the cold starting performance of the internal combustion engine;

under the partial load working condition, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the preset temperature, the exhaust gas is opened or closed according to the preset flow section according to the pressure and the flow of the exhaust gas, and partial incompletely combusted fuel gas is reintroduced into the pressure chamber (9) for combustion, so that an exhaust gas recirculation system is formed, and the emission pollutants of the internal combustion engine are reduced.

9. The method of operating a split-cylinder combustion internal combustion engine of claim 8, wherein: under the control of the ECU (11), the fuel in the oil pump (7) is sprayed into the air inlet channel (5) by the oil sprayer (6) at the pressure of 80-100MPa.