CN116378641A - Multiphase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile testing method - Google Patents
Multiphase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116378641A CN116378641A CN202310653065.5A CN202310653065A CN116378641A CN 116378641 A CN116378641 A CN 116378641A CN 202310653065 A CN202310653065 A CN 202310653065A CN 116378641 A CN116378641 A CN 116378641A
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- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Testing Of Optical Devices Or Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-phase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile test method, which belongs to the field of oilfield exploitation, wherein quantum dot tracers are configured, the dosage of different phase quantum dot tracers in different perforation sections is calculated and definitely, the quantum dots selected in different perforation sections have different emission light peak wavelengths, different phase quantum dot tracers are put into sections in the horizontal well fracturing process, the quantum dot content is detected, and the fracturing and output states of the horizontal well are judged. According to the method for testing the fracturing production fluid profile of the horizontal well by the multiphase quantum dot tracing, which is disclosed by the invention, the quantum dot tracing agents in different phases are put into different stages of fracturing of the horizontal well, and the input amount is reasonably controlled so as to test the fracturing and production states of the horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to a horizontal well fracturing fluid profile testing method for multiphase quantum dot tracing.
Background
Hydraulic fracturing is one of important means for developing unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, after unconventional oil and gas well drilling is completed, only few wells with natural cracks specially developed can be directly put into production, more than 90% of wells can obtain ideal yield only by modifying a fracturing reservoir, the fracturing scale of the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is generally 5-10 times that of the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, staged fracturing is adopted for horizontal wells, and the fracturing yield is remarkably increased.
The oilfield horizontal well fracturing is mainly divided into the following stages:
a shaft cleaning stage: sundries and dirt in a shaft are required to be cleaned before fracturing, so that the follow-up operation is ensured to be smoothly carried out.
And (3) filling and pressing: the wellbore is filled with a fluid and the fluid within the wellbore is compacted by controlling the pressure to ensure that subsequent fracturing operations are effectively transferred to the formation.
Fracturing: high pressure fluids are injected into the wellbore to open or enlarge fissures, pores, etc. in the formation to increase the permeability and production of hydrocarbons in the formation.
And (3) a flowback stage: after the fracturing fluid is forced into the formation, it is necessary to wait a certain time for the rock fracture to expand as much as possible, and then to return the remaining fracturing fluid and the generated sewage etc. to the ground for subsequent treatment.
And (3) a production stage: after fracturing is complete, a period of time is required to allow the fracturing fluid and other contaminants to be completely removed and then production of hydrocarbons begins.
Because of the complex flow of multiphase fluid such as oil, gas, water and the like in the long-distance wavy well section of the horizontal well, the flow pattern in the production well is complex and changeable, besides the normal flow pattern in the vertical well, the moderate flow pattern mainly comprising the horizontal laminar flow pattern is added, the method is suitable for the test of the single-phase flow of the vertical pipe and is difficult to be applied to underground multiphase flow for measurement, and the well deviation change also affects the flow pattern and the flow velocity profile, so that the measurement difficulty is increased. The quantum dot has stable optical property, is easy to realize surface functionalization, has high instrument detection precision, is nontoxic and pollution-free to the environment, and is a non-two choice for drawing the output profile of each section after pressing.
In different stages of horizontal fracturing, various substances with different phases exist in a well bottom oil production pipeline, and how to control the input of the quantum dot tracer substances with corresponding contents in a proper stage is a problem to be solved in the conventional horizontal well fracturing exploitation condition of the quantum dot tracer unconventional oil reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-phase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile test method, which is used for adding quantum dot tracers in different phases at different stages of horizontal well fracturing and reasonably controlling the input amount.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a horizontal well fracturing fluid profile test method for multiphase quantum dot tracing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing multiphase quantum dots with different emission light peak wavelengths, wherein the multiphase quantum dots comprise solid quantum dots, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dots, the emission light peak wavelengths of the multiphase quantum dots are respectively measured, and the different quantum dots are fused into corresponding polymer solutions to prepare quantum dot tracers;
s2, determining the throwing amount of different phase quantum dot tracers in different perforation sections through calculation, and ensuring that quantum dots selected by different perforation sections have different emission light peak wavelengths;
s3, in the stage of fracturing fluid injection, solid or water phase quantum dot tracers are put into a wellhead or a well bore, additives, control agents and impurities in the fracturing fluid are marked, and the fracturing fluid is conveyed into an oil layer along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the conveying and distribution conditions of the fracturing fluid;
s4, in the stage of flushing rock particles by the fracturing fluid, solid substances in the cracks are marked by the solid quantum dot tracer, and the solid substances are conveyed into the cracks along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the morphology of the cracks and the distribution condition of the rock particles;
s5, in the flowback stage, liquid and gaseous quantum dot tracers are thrown into the bottom of the well to track the connectivity of cracks and the fluid migration condition;
s6, in the liquid production stage, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dot tracers are put into a well bottom or an oil well oil production pipeline, oil, water and gas substances produced by a horizontal well are marked, and are conveyed to a well mouth along with the flow of the liquid production so as to track the change conditions of the liquid production amount and components;
and S7, detecting the contents of different phase quantum dots of different perforation sections by using corresponding instruments, and judging the output condition of each phase substance of each section of the horizontal well.
Preferably, the content of solid quantum dots is detected by using a fiber laser confocal microscope, the content of oil phase quantum dots is detected by using a liquid chromatograph, the content of water phase quantum dots is detected by using a fluorescence microscope, and the content of gaseous quantum dots is detected by using a mass spectrometer.
Preferably, the effective reservoir of the horizontal well is segmented according to the logging curve, drilling parameters, perforation sections and the minimum detection concentration of the effective tracer, the dosage of the quantum dot tracer of each section is determined, the porosity of the horizontal well is phi, the permeability is K, the perforation section length is L, the solid quantum dot concentration is Cq_s, the minimum detection concentration of the solid quantum dot is C_min_s, the oil phase quantum dot concentration is Cq_o, the minimum detection concentration of the oil phase quantum dot is C_min_o, the water phase quantum dot concentration is Cq_w, C_min_w is the minimum detection concentration of the water phase quantum dot, the gaseous quantum dot concentration is Cq_g, and C_min_g is the minimum detection concentration of the gaseous quantum dot,
the calculation formula of the solid quantum dot throwing amount V_s in each perforation section is as follows:
the calculation formula of the input quantity V_o of the oil phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein So represents the oil phase content, which can be obtained by calculating the area above the oil-gas demarcation point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the calculation formula of the throwing amount V_s of the water phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein Sg represents the gas phase content and can be obtained by calculating the area above the gas-water boundary point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the calculation formula of the putting quantity V_g of the gaseous quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
therefore, the horizontal well fracturing fluid profile test method adopting the multi-phase quantum dot tracing of the structure can input the quantum dots of the corresponding phases at different stages of the horizontal well fracturing so as to track the conveying and distribution conditions of fracturing fluid, the distribution conditions of fracture morphology and rock particles, the fracture connectivity and fluid migration conditions and the change conditions of fluid yield and yield components, realize the whole course tracking of the horizontal well fracturing process, and realize the intelligent combination of oil field exploration, yield and diversified detection means by reasonably controlling the input amount through calculation.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through examples.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by examples.
Examples
A multi-phase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile testing method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing multiphase quantum dots with different emission light peak wavelengths, wherein the multiphase quantum dots comprise solid quantum dots, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dots, the emission light peak wavelengths of the multiphase quantum dots are respectively measured, and the different quantum dots are fused into corresponding polymer solutions to prepare quantum dot tracers;
s2, determining the dosage of different phase quantum dot tracers in different perforation segments by calculating, so as to ensure that quantum dots selected by different perforation segments have different emission light peak wavelengths, wherein the calculating method comprises the following steps:
and segmenting an effective reservoir of the horizontal well according to the logging curve, drilling parameters, perforation sections and the minimum detection concentration of the effective tracer of the horizontal well, and determining the dosage of the quantum dot tracer of each section. Assuming that the porosity of the horizontal well is phi, the permeability is K, the length of a perforation section is L, the concentration of the solid quantum dots is Cq_s, the lowest detection concentration of the solid quantum dots is C_min_s, the concentration of the oil phase quantum dots is Cq_o, the lowest detection concentration of the oil phase quantum dots is C_min_o, the concentration of the water phase quantum dots is Cq_w, C_min_w is the lowest detection concentration of the water phase quantum dots, the concentration of the gaseous quantum dots is Cq_g, and C_min_g is the lowest detection concentration of the gaseous quantum dots.
The solid quantum dot has the characteristics of high light stability, long service life, narrow emission spectrum bandwidth and the like, and can be used for tracking different fluid movements in an oil reservoir. The calculation formula of the solid quantum dot throwing amount V_s in each perforation section is as follows:
the oil phase and the water phase belong to liquid quantum dots, the liquid quantum dots are in a liquid state at normal temperature and normal pressure, the liquid quantum dots are generally prepared from high-concentration solid quantum dots by adding a surfactant and the like, have good dispersibility and permeability, have good biocompatibility and chemical inertness, and can be used for tracking the movement of different biological and chemical substances in an oil reservoir.
The calculation formula of the input quantity V_o of the oil phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein So represents the oil phase content, which can be obtained by calculating the area above the oil-gas demarcation point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the calculation formula of the throwing amount V_s of the water phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein Sg represents the gas phase content and can be obtained by calculating the area above the gas-water boundary point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the gaseous quantum dots have higher sensitivity and selectivity, and can be used for tracking the movement of different gases in an oil reservoir. The calculation formula of the putting quantity V_g of the gaseous quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
s3, in the stage of fracturing fluid injection, adding an aqueous phase quantum dot tracer into a wellhead or a well bore, marking additives, control agents and impurities in the fracturing fluid, and conveying the fracturing fluid into an oil layer along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the conveying and distribution conditions of the fracturing fluid;
s4, in the stage of flushing rock particles by the fracturing fluid, solid substances in the cracks are marked by the solid quantum dot tracer, and the solid substances are conveyed into the cracks along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the morphology of the cracks and the distribution condition of the rock particles;
s5, in the flowback stage, liquid and gaseous quantum dot tracers are thrown into the bottom of the well to track the connectivity of cracks and the fluid migration condition;
s6, in the liquid production stage, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dot tracers are put into a well bottom or an oil well oil production pipeline, oil, water and gas substances produced by a horizontal well are marked, and are conveyed to a well mouth along with the flow of the liquid production so as to track the change conditions of the liquid production amount and components;
s7, detecting the content of solid quantum dots by using a fiber laser confocal microscope, detecting the content of oil phase quantum dots by using a liquid chromatograph, detecting the content of water phase quantum dots by using a fluorescence microscope, detecting the content of gaseous quantum dots by using a mass spectrometer, and judging the output condition of each phase substance of each section of the horizontal well.
Therefore, the horizontal well fracturing fluid profile test method adopting the multi-phase quantum dot tracing of the structure can input the quantum dots of the corresponding phases at different stages of the horizontal well fracturing so as to track the conveying and distribution conditions of fracturing fluid, the distribution conditions of fracture morphology and rock particles, the fracture connectivity and fluid migration conditions and the change conditions of fluid yield and yield components, realize the whole course tracking of the horizontal well fracturing process, and realize the intelligent combination of oil field exploration, yield and diversified detection means by reasonably controlling the input amount through calculation.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-phase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing production fluid profile test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing multiphase quantum dots with different emission light peak wavelengths, wherein the multiphase quantum dots comprise solid quantum dots, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dots, the emission light peak wavelengths of the multiphase quantum dots are respectively measured, and the different quantum dots are fused into corresponding polymer solutions to prepare quantum dot tracers;
s2, determining the throwing amount of different phase quantum dot tracers in different perforation sections through calculation, and ensuring that quantum dots selected by different perforation sections have different emission light peak wavelengths;
s3, in the stage of fracturing fluid injection, solid or water phase quantum dot tracers are put into a wellhead or a well bore, additives, control agents and impurities in the fracturing fluid are marked, and the fracturing fluid is conveyed into an oil layer along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the conveying and distribution conditions of the fracturing fluid;
s4, in the stage of flushing rock particles by the fracturing fluid, solid substances in the cracks are marked by the solid quantum dot tracer, and the solid substances are conveyed into the cracks along with the flowing of the fracturing fluid so as to track the morphology of the cracks and the distribution condition of the rock particles;
s5, in the flowback stage, liquid and gaseous quantum dot tracers are thrown into the bottom of the well to track the connectivity of cracks and the fluid migration condition;
s6, in the liquid production stage, oil phase quantum dots, water phase quantum dots and gas quantum dot tracers are put into a well bottom or an oil well oil production pipeline, oil, water and gas substances produced by a horizontal well are marked, and are conveyed to a well mouth along with the flow of the liquid production so as to track the change conditions of the liquid production amount and components;
and S7, detecting the contents of different phase quantum dots of different perforation sections by using corresponding instruments, and judging the output condition of each phase substance of each section of the horizontal well.
2. The multiphase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing fluid profile testing method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: detecting the content of solid quantum dots by using a fiber laser confocal microscope, detecting the content of oil phase quantum dots by using a liquid chromatograph, detecting the content of water phase quantum dots by using a fluorescence microscope, and detecting the content of gaseous quantum dots by using a mass spectrometer.
3. The multiphase quantum dot tracing horizontal well fracturing fluid profile testing method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the logging curve, drilling parameters, perforation section and effective tracer minimum detection concentration of the horizontal well, the effective reservoir of the horizontal well is segmented, the dosage of the quantum dot tracer of each section is determined, the porosity of the horizontal well is phi, the permeability is K, the perforation section length is L, the solid quantum dot concentration is Cq_s, the minimum detection concentration of the solid quantum dot is C_min_s, the oil phase quantum dot concentration is Cq_o, the minimum detection concentration of the oil phase quantum dot is C_min_o, the water phase quantum dot concentration is Cq_w, C_min_w is the minimum detection concentration of the water phase quantum dot, the gaseous quantum dot concentration is Cq_g, and C_min_g is the minimum detection concentration of the gaseous quantum dot,
amount of solid quantum dots put in each perforation section
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the calculation formula of the input quantity V_o of the oil phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein So represents the oil phase content, which can be obtained by calculating the area above the oil-gas demarcation point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the calculation formula of the throwing amount V_s of the water phase quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
wherein Sg represents the gas phase content and can be obtained by calculating the area above the gas-water boundary point in the horizontal well logging curve;
the calculation formula of the putting quantity V_g of the gaseous quantum dots in each perforation section is as follows:
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Application publication date: 20230704 |