CN116377150A - Low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and device - Google Patents
Low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116377150A CN116377150A CN202310476100.0A CN202310476100A CN116377150A CN 116377150 A CN116377150 A CN 116377150A CN 202310476100 A CN202310476100 A CN 202310476100A CN 116377150 A CN116377150 A CN 116377150A
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
- C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method, which belongs to the field of blast furnace production and comprises coke fractionation, furnace top tank merging order distribution and central coke adding amount control, wherein: the coke fractionation is as follows: dividing the coke into high-price high-quality coke and low-price secondary coke, and storing by adopting under-tank sub-bin storage; the furnace top and tank sequence distribution is as follows: the cloth is distributed according to the sequence of main coke, center coke, ore, center coke and ore; the central coke adding amount is controlled as follows: the coke adding amount of the control center is less than 5% of the coke batch weight. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of cost reduction and synergy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to iron-making equipment and a blast furnace feeding operation method, in particular to a low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and a device thereof.
Background
Coke is a main raw material for blast furnace ironmaking, carbon dioxide is generated by burning the coke in a tuyere zone, heat is emitted, the heat is almost all heat sources for reducing and melting ore in the blast furnace, meanwhile, the coke also plays a role of a reducing agent and a framework support, and carbon in the coke can also enable the carbon content of pig iron to reach about 4%. However, in the prior art, the large blast furnace has to consume high-proportion high-price high-quality coke to ensure the hearth activity due to the hearth size, particularly the large hearth diameter and low hearth activity, and the low-price secondary coke has low proportion and high molten iron cost.
Therefore, in the method (CN 201610456027.0) of matching coke into a blast furnace in the blast furnace smelting process, coke is matched according to the smelting requirement according to the height sequence of indexes and added into the blast furnace; the indexes are from high to low: CSR > M > average particle size > M > ash > CRI > sulfur fraction. However, the method only uses the matching and feeding of the components, the proportion of high-price high-quality coke is high, the proportion of low-price secondary coke is low, and the cost of molten iron is high.
In the method for distributing the coke of the blast furnace (CN202210850763. X), the smooth production of the blast furnace is ensured by improving the distribution mode of the coke from the aspect of a framework channel, and the method comprises the following steps: a. screening coke granularity; b. preparing a passivating agent; step c, respectively carrying out passivation treatment according to granularity; d. different levels of passivation are placed into different intermediate cloth bins; e. and feeding by adopting a distributing device. The method has six grades of particle size grading, and has complex passivation procedure and material storage and distribution modes, and is separated from production practice.
In addition, in actual work, the central non-mining area is large, the gas utilization rate is low, the fuel consumption is high, the central air flow is thick and weak, the furnace condition fluctuation resistance is poor, and in order to ensure the central air flow, the central coke adding ratio of the large blast furnace reaches more than 20% under the condition that the large blast furnace is designed to be a parallel tank. Under the condition that the large blast furnace is designed into a series tank, the central gas flow is facilitated, but the central coke adding amount proportion is more uncontrollable, and the central coke adding position and the central coke adding amount can be calculated only according to the ring positions and the number of turns. In addition, the prior art has the defects that the central coke adding amount is unstable, the central coke adding occupies the main coke feeding flow of the main ore, an independent material distribution system is absent, a material line is easy to be fed, the central coke distribution is not centralized, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a method and a device for putting coke in a large blast furnace with low cost aiming at the defects of the prior art. The device of the invention stores the materials in the sub-tank of the device, measures the materials independently, charges the materials independently by a pipe belt machine, and uses the furnace top parallel tank sequential material distribution mode as the center to add coke, thereby realizing accurate measurement and independent material feeding and creating conditions for accurate material distribution. The invention adopts coke fractionation technology, which is suitable for the center high-quality coke proportion, reduces the high-quality coke proportion of a large blast furnace, increases the low-quality secondary coke proportion, ensures the stable and smooth running of the blast furnace, and greatly reduces the cost of molten iron.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for putting large blast furnace coke with low cost is characterized in that: comprises coke fractionation, furnace top and tank sequence distribution and central coke adding amount control, wherein: the coke fractionation is as follows: dividing the coke into high-price high-quality coke and low-price secondary coke, and storing by adopting under-tank sub-bin storage;
the furnace top and tank sequence distribution is as follows: the cloth is distributed according to the sequence of main coke, center coke, ore, center coke and ore; the central coke adding amount is controlled as follows: the coke adding amount of the control center is less than 5% of the coke batch weight.
Further, the high-grade high-quality coke is top-loading primary dry quenching coke, and other cokes are defined as low-grade secondary cokes.
Further, the furnace top parallel tank is provided with three charging tanks, a first main tank and a second main tank are arranged on two sides, a central coke tank is arranged in the middle of the furnace top parallel tank, and a discharging opening of the central coke tank is arranged between a discharging opening of the first main tank and a discharging opening of the second main tank.
Further, the first main tank and the second main tank are alternately subjected to main coke and main ore.
Further, the three charging tanks are arranged in an isosceles triangle.
Further, the center coke is not discharged.
Furthermore, in the sequential distribution, the addition amount of the primary ore is more than or equal to the addition amount of the secondary ore, and the addition amount of the secondary ore is not less than the critical ore batch weight.
Further, in the above sequential distribution, the addition amount distribution of the center coke is based on the addition amount of ore: primary center focus addition: secondary center coke addition = primary ore addition: secondary ore addition.
Further, the content of the slag in the blast furnace is set to 3 to 5% when the slag is broken.
Further, the method comprises the steps of, the blast furnace condition is set to be 1.5-3% under the condition of smooth running.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:
1. according to the device, the under-tank sub-bin storage and independent metering are realized, the pipe belt machine is used for independent feeding, the furnace top parallel tank sequential material distribution mode is used for central coke adding, the accurate metering and independent feeding are realized, and conditions are created for accurate material distribution;
2. according to the invention, by adopting a coke fractionation technology, the proportion of the proper center high-quality coke is reduced, the proportion of the high-price high-quality coke of a large blast furnace is increased, the proportion of the low-price secondary coke is increased, and the cost of molten iron is greatly reduced;
3. the invention reduces the cost of molten iron and maintains the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
For the purposes of the following detailed description, it is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative variations and step sequences, except where expressly specified to the contrary. Furthermore, all numbers expressing, for example, quantities of ingredients used in the specification and claims, other than in any operating example or where otherwise indicated, are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.
Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
It should also be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed therein. For example, a range of "1 to 10" is intended to include all subranges between (and including) the stated minimum value of 1 and the stated maximum value of 10, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.
In this application, the use of the singular includes the plural and plural encompasses singular, unless specifically stated otherwise. In addition, in this application, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the use of "or" means "and/or", even though "and/or" may be explicitly used in certain instances. Further, in this application, the use of "a" or "an" means "at least one" unless specifically stated otherwise. For example, "a" first material, "a" coating composition, etc., refer to one or more of any of these items.
The invention relates to a method and a device for throwing coke into a large blast furnace with low cost.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to a low-cost large blast furnace coke charging device.
Comprising the following steps: coke bin, receiving hopper, furnace top and tank and feeding system. The feeding system comprises a main belt feeding assembly and a pipe belt machine feeding assembly. An independent weighing device is arranged in each receiving hopper.
The invention adopts the under-groove sub-bin storage: the coke bin comprises a high-price coke bin and a low-price coke bin.
The number of the high-price coke bins is one, and the main coke receiving hopper and the central coke receiving hopper 3 are respectively used for adding Jiao Beiliao to the main coke Jiao Beiliao and the center. In the prior art, the furnace top of an external factory is mostly a serial tank, and the central coke adding and the main coke are mixed together for feeding, so that an independent weighing device is not arranged under a tank, the central coke adding amount Jiao Jiajiao is determined according to the central coke distribution ring number ratio, and the coke adding method is inaccurate.
The three low-price coke bins are used for storing low-price secondary coke and correspond to one low-price coke receiving hopper respectively.
The furnace top parallel tank comprises a main tank 6 and a central coke tank 4, wherein the main tank 6 is a large tank, and the central coke tank 4 is a small tank.
The feeding system comprises a main belt feeding assembly and a pipe belt machine feeding assembly.
The main belt feeding assembly comprises a main belt 1, wherein a main coke receiving hopper and a low-price coke receiving hopper are arranged on the upstream of the main belt 1, a main tank receiving hopper 5 is arranged on the downstream of the main belt, and a main tank 6 is arranged below the main tank receiving hopper 5 and is used for feeding main ores (containing coke butyl) and main coke.
The independent pipe belt 2 of the pipe belt machine feeding assembly is parallel to the main belt 1 of the main belt feeding assembly, the upstream of the independent pipe belt 2 is a high-price coke bin, the downstream of the independent pipe belt 2 is a central coke receiving hopper 3 at the top of the furnace, and the lower part of the central coke receiving hopper 3 is a central coke tank 4 which is specially used for feeding central coke. In the prior art, a single main belt is used for feeding, a feeding process is occupied, and a stockline is easy to be fed. The receiving hoppers are distributed in a short-range mode and a long-range mode, weighing is facilitated to be more accurate, the central coke receiving hopper 3 and the central coke tank 4 are distributed in a short-range mode, weighing can be more accurate, the main coke receiving hopper, the low-price coke receiving hopper and the main tank 6 are distributed in a long-range mode, top space is saved conveniently, and Jiao Jiakuang is added rapidly. The ratio of high-and low-price cokes fed to the main drum is based on site demand and is related to the coke composition and will not be discussed further herein.
In the optimized scheme, the furnace top parallel tank is three charging tanks which are arranged in an isosceles triangle, a first main tank and a second main tank are arranged at two sides, and a central coke tank 4 is arranged in the middle. The first main tank and the second main tank in fig. 1 are coincident in front-to-back position. The blanking mouth of the central coke tank 4 is between the blanking mouth of the first main tank and the blanking mouth of the second main tank. The first main tank and the second main tank are alternately subjected to main coke and main ore, so that the problem of material distribution segregation caused by tank combination can be avoided.
The process is a low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method, and by means of coke classification separation technology, the suitable center high-quality coke proportion is reduced, the high-quality coke proportion of the large blast furnace is reduced, the low-price secondary coke proportion is increased, and the molten iron cost is greatly reduced while the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace is ensured.
The process comprises the following steps:
1. coke fractionation
The coke is divided into high-price high-quality coke and low-price secondary coke, wherein the high-price high-quality coke is top-loading primary dry quenching coke, and other cokes are defined as low-price secondary cokes. Simplifying the coke fractionation criteria.
Coke is stored in sub-tank bins: high-price high-quality coke is stored in a high-price coke bin, and low-price secondary coke is stored in a low-price coke bin. The high-price high-quality coke plays a role of a material column framework; the secondary coke has the functions of heating, carburizing and reducing, improves the ore reduction and heat demand in the edge area, protects the furnace lining, plays the heat insulation effect and promotes the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace.
2. Furnace top tank-merging sequential distribution
The furnace top parallel tanks are three charging tanks which are arranged in an isosceles triangle, a first main tank and a second main tank are arranged at two sides, and a central coke tank 4 is arranged in the middle. The first main tank and the second main tank in fig. 1 are coincident in front-to-back position. The blanking mouth of the central coke tank 4 is between the blanking mouth of the first main tank and the blanking mouth of the second main tank. The first main tank and the second main tank are alternately subjected to main coke and main ore, so that the problem of material distribution segregation caused by tank combination can be avoided.
The cloth is distributed according to the sequence of main coke, central coke, ore, central coke and ore.
The material is not discharged when the center coke is distributed, so that the time is saved.
According to different equipment of different blast furnaces, the central coke adding angles are different, and the key is that the central coke is not required to pass through the chute and be contacted with the lacing wires at the front end of the chute, so that the central coke is intensively distributed to a central area. In this example, the center focus was distributed at 3 °.
The furnace top three-tank sequential material distribution mode can still effectively ensure that the center is mineral-free under the condition of low center coke addition, and the center coke addition is only 10-27% of the prior art.
3. Central coke adding amount control
The coke adding amount of the control center is less than 5% of the coke batch weight, and in the optimization scheme, the coke adding amount is set to 3-5% under the condition that the blast furnace has a slumping material, so that the smooth running degree of the furnace condition can be improved; the amount of high quality coke can be reduced by setting the furnace condition of the blast furnace to 1.5-3% under the condition of smooth running.
In the order distribution of the main coke, the primary central coke, the primary ore, the secondary central coke and the secondary ore, the following control is carried out:
(1) The addition of the primary ore is more than or equal to the addition of the secondary ore, and the addition of the secondary ore is not lower than the critical ore batch weight;
(2) The addition amount distribution of the center coke is based on the addition amount of the ore: primary center focus addition: secondary center coke addition = primary ore addition: secondary ore addition.
The following table shows the prior art (comparative example) and the distribution mode of the process scheme of the invention (examples 1-3):
the following table shows the prior art and the device, the prior art + the device of the invention, the process of the invention + the device of the invention after the large blast furnace is opened, wherein the prior device is a double-parallel tank (coke tank, ore tank), and the prior art is the sequential distribution of main coke, center coke and ore.
| Coefficient of utilization | Fuel ratio kg/t | Coal ratio kg/t | High-price high-quality coke proportion | Low secondary coke ratio | |
| Original technology and original device | 2.301 | 564.9 | 152.7 | 76.73％ | 23.27％ |
| Original technique + inventive device | 2.532 | 523.2 | 159.2 | 34.45％ | 65.55％ |
| The inventive process+the inventive apparatus | 2.608 | 487.6 | 168.0 | 22.66％ | 77.34％ |
As can be seen from the data in the table, by adopting the process and the device, the high-quality coke (top-loading dry quenching) of the blast furnace is reduced to 22.66 percent, and the fuel is reduced to 487.6kg/t while the central coke adding amount is reduced to 2.2 percent; at the same time, the utilization coefficient is improved.
Because the mining coal for the large and small blast furnaces has consistent structure, the difference of the molten iron cost is mainly in the aspect of coke. The main difference in coke aspect is the high price and high quality coke proportion, and the molten iron cost is greatly reduced by the process and the device of the invention.
It is noted that while the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for putting large blast furnace coke with low cost is characterized in that: comprises coke fractionation, furnace top and tank sequence distribution and central coke adding amount control, wherein:
the coke fractionation is as follows: dividing the coke into high-price high-quality coke and low-price secondary coke, and storing by adopting under-tank sub-bin storage;
the furnace top and tank sequence distribution is as follows: the cloth is distributed according to the sequence of main coke, center coke, ore, center coke and ore;
the central coke adding amount is controlled as follows: the coke adding amount of the control center is less than 5% of the coke batch weight.
2. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: the high-price high-quality coke is top-loading primary dry quenching coke, and other cokes are defined as low-price secondary cokes.
3. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace top parallel tank is provided with three charging tanks, a first main tank and a second main tank are arranged on two sides, a central coke tank is arranged in the middle, and a discharging opening of the central coke tank is arranged between a discharging opening of the first main tank and a discharging opening of the second main tank.
4. A low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 3, wherein: the first main tank and the second main tank are alternately subjected to main coke discharging and main ore discharging.
5. A low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 3, wherein: the three charging tanks are arranged in an isosceles triangle.
6. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: the material is not discharged when the center coke is distributed.
7. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: in the sequential distribution, the addition of primary ore is more than or equal to the addition of secondary ore, and the addition of secondary ore is not less than the critical ore batch weight.
8. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 7, wherein: in the sequential distribution, the addition amount distribution of the central coke is based on the following steps: primary center focus addition: secondary center coke addition = primary ore addition: secondary ore addition.
9. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: the content of the slump in the blast furnace is set to 3-5%.
10. The low cost large blast furnace coke charging method according to claim 1, wherein: the blast furnace condition is set to be 1.5-3% under the condition of smooth running.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310476100.0A CN116377150A (en) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and device |
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| CN202310476100.0A CN116377150A (en) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and device |
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| CN116377150A true CN116377150A (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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| CN202310476100.0A Pending CN116377150A (en) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Low-cost large blast furnace coke throwing method and device |
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