CN116376023A - Method for synthesizing super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material through epoxy photo-curing - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material through epoxy photo-curing Download PDFInfo
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- CN116376023A CN116376023A CN202310337807.3A CN202310337807A CN116376023A CN 116376023 A CN116376023 A CN 116376023A CN 202310337807 A CN202310337807 A CN 202310337807A CN 116376023 A CN116376023 A CN 116376023A
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- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 hydrogen siloxane Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001843 polymethylhydrosiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001367 organochlorosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/12—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/38—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and discloses a method for synthesizing a super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polymethyl hydrogen siloxane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dry toluene under the condition of deoxidizing nitrogen and drying, heating to 80 ℃, adding a Speier's catalyst after the temperature of a reaction system is stable, and magnetically stirring for reaction for 1h; then adding 3.26g of allyl glycidyl ether, reacting for 30min, distilling off toluene at low pressure, and then drying in vacuum at 50 ℃ for 5h to obtain the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing a super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing.
Background
The lotus leaf effect excites the aspects that people prepare bionic super-hydrophobic effect on the surfaces of some base materials and apply the bionic super-hydrophobic effect to production and living, such as stone, cement, concrete, wood, paper, cotton cloth, leather, building inner and outer walls, automobile windshields and the like. The surface energy of fluorine-containing species is minimal and many researchers have employed small fluorine-containing molecules or synthetic related fluoropolymers to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces. Although fluorine-containing small molecules or polymers can form a super-hydrophobic coating of a few nanometers on the surface, fluorine-containing substances are not easy to decompose, can be enriched in the body, and can bring a plurality of potential safety hazards to human health after long-term and large-scale use. Thus, researchers have also been exploring whether some species can replace low surface energy fluorine-containing species while providing the low surface energy required for superhydrophobicity. The surface tension of polymethylhydrosiloxane is 22mN/m, which is also very low relative to the surface tension of water (72.6 mN/m), and researchers have been looking at using only silicones but no fluorine-containing species to make superhydrophobic surfaces. The preparation based on superhydrophobic surfaces is certainly going towards greener and lower cost.
The method for preparing the super-hydrophobic surface by adopting the organosilicon in the literature is mainly divided into three types, wherein the first type is that the organosilicon micromolecules are prepared to form nano-sized (nanofilments) to construct the super-hydrophobic surface, and the second type is that the polydimethylsiloxane forms a Brush (Brush) to construct the super-hydrophobic surface. The third type is a superhydrophobic surface prepared by a crosslinked network structure. The first and second methods can both produce fluorine-free abrasion-resistant superhydrophobic coatings, but both suffer from a number of drawbacks. For example, small molecules of organochlorosilanes can damage the structure of cellulose when treating substrates of some cellulose materials, and chlorosilanes are particularly prone to hydrolysis, which is detrimental to experimental operations, and treatment by dip coating can result in a significant waste of raw materials that are not attached to the substrate. In addition, the polymethylhydrosiloxane brush with the anchoring groups reacts with the substrate in a solution dip-coating mode, and in the reaction process, the anchoring groups react with active groups on the substrate, and cross-linking reaction occurs between the anchoring groups, so that the cross-linked substances cannot be anchored on the substrate, and a great deal of carefully prepared functional polymers are wasted. Currently, the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces by cross-linking network structures is not very well studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing a super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing, which solves the following technical problems: according to the invention, KH570 is grafted on a side chain of a Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) part through hydrosilylation reaction, an ethoxy group of an anchor point is introduced, and then an epoxy group with photo-curing capability is introduced by the same method; and spraying the modified silicone oil with the epoxy group and the anchoring group on the base material in a spraying manner, forming a network structure on the surface of the base material in a photocuring manner, and then carrying out acid hydrolysis and anchoring on the base material.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
uniformly mixing polymethyl hydrogen siloxane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dry toluene under the condition of deoxidizing nitrogen and drying, heating to 80 ℃, adding a Speier's catalyst after the temperature of a reaction system is stable, and magnetically stirring for reaction for 1h; then adding 3.26g of allyl glycidyl ether, reacting for 30min, distilling off toluene at low pressure, and then drying in vacuum at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material.
The hydrogen content of the polymethylhydrosiloxane is 0.56mol/100g.
The amount of polymethylhydrosiloxane was 10g, the amount of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was 6.938g, the amount of dry toluene was 50mL, and the amount of Speier's catalyst was 1.2235g.
The Speier's catalyst is prepared by the following method: will be 0.1g H 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O and 37.73g of isopropanol were added in one portion to a nitrogen-protected reactor and stirred for 1 hour to give 1000PPM of Speier's catalyst.
The reaction equation in the above method is:
the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material prepared by the method has a structure shown in the following formula (I):
n, m and x are natural numbers within 1 to 100, respectively.
The super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material is mainly used for being made into a coating, and can be applied to ship or building external walls and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the method for preparing the modified hydrogen-containing silicone oil can replace the existing process for preparing nanowires (nanofilments) by using organosilicon micromolecules to construct a super-hydrophobic surface and forming brushes (Brush) by using polydimethylsiloxane to construct the super-hydrophobic surface, and the method is successfully used for modifying silicone oil with different hydrogen contents (0.09-1.22) mol/100g. The modified silicone oil with both anchoring group and photocuring group is synthesized by taking polymethyl siloxane as initial material and grafting directly on linear polymethyl siloxane side chain, and grafting rate can be calculated and controlled through hydrosilylation reaction, so that theoretical foundation is laid for industrial requirement and modified silicone oil with different purposes. In addition, the polymethylsiloxane is an additional product of industrial production, is waste material of industry, is cheap and easy to obtain, is quite stable, is nontoxic and harmless, and is environment-friendly. The process for modifying the polymethyl siloxane by hydrosilylation reaction is simple, the modified silicone oil with an anchoring group and a photo-curing group is synthesized, the reaction condition is mild, the yield is high, the grafting rate is controllable, and the method is an ideal method for replacing the traditional method for synthesizing amino hydrogen-containing silicone oil by taking D4 and the like as starting materials through a ring-opening polymerization process. The catalyst has relatively less dosage, simple post-treatment and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the superhydrophobic fluorine-free material of example 1.
FIG. 2 is an on-line IR spectrum of PMHS-g- (AGE-r-KH) synthesized by continuous grafting of KH570 and AGE at 130 ℃.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific examples, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
1. Will be 0.1g H 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O and 37.73g of isopropanol are added into a reactor protected by nitrogen at one time and stirred for 1 hour, and the obtained liquid is 1000PPM of catalysis of Speier' sThe agent, sealed and stored in the shade for later use.
2. Under deoxidized nitrogen and drying conditions, uniformly mixing 10g of polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS contains 0.56mol/100g of hydrogen), 6.938g (0.028 mol) of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH 570) and 50mL of dry toluene, gradually heating to 80 ℃, after the temperature of a reaction system is stable, adding 1.2235g of a catalyst of Speier's of 1000PPM obtained in the step 1, and magnetically stirring for reaction for 1h; 3.26g (0.028 mol) of allyl glycidyl ether was further added thereto, and after 30 minutes of reaction, toluene was distilled off under low pressure, followed by vacuum drying at 50℃for 5 hours, to give the objective product.
3. By FT-IR and 1 the target product was detected by H-NMR, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the peak of the characteristic Si-H bond is 2160cm -1 Gradually disappeared, the reaction was proved to develop according to our conception, si-H added to the olefinic double bond, forming Si-carbon bond; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the spectrum of nuclear magnetic detection carried out on the product shows that the hydrogen in all structures (I) corresponds to each other in FIG. 1, and the purity of the synthesized product is high and the structure is accurate. Therefore, the structure of the product is determined as shown in the following formula (I), and the synthesized superhydrophobic fluorine-free material is proved to be a target product.
n, m and x are natural numbers within 1 to 100, respectively.
In summary, polymethylhydrosiloxane, KH570 and Allyl Glycidyl Ether (AGE) are described as H 2 PtCl 6 As a catalyst, the grafting reaction can be successfully completed by strictly controlling the reaction conditions. The infrared technique and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the synthesized polymer show that the expected envisaged polymer is obtained by grafting two monomers to PMHS side chains, only the synthesis and characterization of PMHS-g- (KH 570-r-AGE) are described, and the synthesis of functional polysiloxane PMHS-g- (KH 570-r-AGE) by hydrosilylation reaction is used for preparing triethylene in crosslinked network structure on fluorine-free wear-resistant super-hydrophobic surface substrateThe oxysilane can undergo hydrolysis condensation reaction with hydroxyl groups on a substrate in a high-temperature high-humidity oven to prepare the fluorine-free wear-resistant super-hydrophobic (165 ℃) coating.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for synthesizing the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
uniformly mixing polymethyl hydrogen siloxane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dry toluene under the condition of deoxidizing nitrogen and drying, heating to 80 ℃, adding a Speier's catalyst after the temperature of a reaction system is stable, and magnetically stirring for reaction for 1h; then adding 3.26g of allyl glycidyl ether, reacting for 30min, distilling off toluene at low pressure, and then drying in vacuum at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material.
2. The method for synthesizing the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hydrogen content of the polymethylhydrosiloxane is 0.56mol/100g.
3. The method for synthesizing the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amount of polymethylhydrosiloxane was 10g, the amount of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was 6.938g, the amount of dry toluene was 50mL, and the amount of Speier's catalyst was 1.2235g.
4. The method for synthesizing the super-hydrophobic fluorine-free material by epoxy photo-curing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Speier's catalyst is prepared by the following method: will be 0.1gH 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O and 37.73g of isopropanol were added in one portion to a nitrogen-protected reactor and stirred for 1 hour to give 1000PPM of Speier's catalyst.
6. The use of the superhydrophobic fluorine-free material according to claim 5 in coating materials for exterior walls of ships or buildings.
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