CN116375437A - Sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete and preparation and construction methods thereof - Google Patents
Sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete and preparation and construction methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- GRWPEXLRROVDML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].ClOCl Chemical compound [Ca].ClOCl GRWPEXLRROVDML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
- C04B14/068—Specific natural sands, e.g. sea -, beach -, dune - or desert sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
- C04B22/124—Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali excitation light concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of quicklime, 10-15 parts of alkali-activated agent, 500-800 parts of desert sand, 4-8 parts of water reducer, 35-50 parts of water and 300-600 parts of calcined stone; fully stirring and mixing water and alkali-activated agent according to the mixing ratio, weighing fly ash, quicklime and desert sand according to the mixing ratio, uniformly mixing and stirring, slowly adding the prepared alkali-activated agent solution, uniformly stirring, slowly adding water reducer and water in the stirring process to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously adding calcined stone and stirring to obtain light concrete; pouring the mixed sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, and pouring cracks and holes into a filling or pouring mold for construction; the scheme is simple and the cost is low by adopting the burnt stones and the desert sand widely distributed in the north; the problem of floating of the lightweight aggregate is solved, and the uniformity of the concrete is improved; the concrete has the advantages of early strength, rapid hardening, stable quality, high durability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sponge urban building materials, in particular to a sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete and a preparation and construction method thereof.
Background
Under the new situation, the sponge city is an innovative expression for promoting the green building construction, the low-carbon city development and the smart city formation. The sponge urban building material needs excellent water seepage, compression resistance, wear resistance, skid resistance, comfort, easy maintenance, heat insulation, noise absorption and the like, and can effectively reduce the urban heat island effect. The high-quality cementing material is the key for realizing the green building construction of sponge cities, a plurality of researches are also raised, and at present, the alkali-activated lightweight concrete technology using calcined stone and desert sand as coarse aggregate has not been reported.
Patent application CN202210180608.1 discloses a lightweight ceramsite concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lightweight ceramsite concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 283-508 parts of sand, 189-218 parts of ceramsite, 170-180 parts of water, 48-60 parts of slag powder, 37-49 parts of fly ash and 7.35-12.27 parts of additive. Patent application CN202111459286.6 discloses a ceramsite concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ceramsite concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of cement, 250-350 parts of modified ceramsite, 10-20 parts of additive, 800-1000 parts of fine aggregate, 150-250 parts of water, 80-120 parts of sodium bentonite and 80-120 parts of fiber, mixing and stirring according to the proportion to obtain mixed solution, soaking natural ceramsite loaded with nano magnesium oxide in the mixed solution, and drying to obtain modified ceramsite; patent application CN201510810774.5 discloses a modified alkali-activated cementing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of fly ash and slag, 25-50 parts of alkali-activated agent, 0.5-2 parts of retarder and 2-15 parts of polymer rubber powder, wherein the solid content of the alkali-activated agent is 30-40%, and the polymer rubber powder is one or more selected from butadiene-styrene copolymer rubber powder, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer rubber powder, acrylic ester copolymer rubber powder, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer rubber powder or vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate-acrylic ester copolymer rubber powder.
The existing alkali-activated lightweight concrete has the following defects: (1) The lightweight aggregate mainly adopts ceramsite, and a small amount of common slag is adopted, but the ceramsite and the slag have lower strength, so that high-strength lightweight concrete is difficult to prepare; (2) When the mixing proportion of the lightweight concrete is designed, the problem of floating of aggregate is not fully considered, so that the uniformity of the concrete is poor; (3) Most of alkali-activated material concrete is designed from the aspect of materialization, has no engineering pertinence, and is especially not suitable for sponge urban engineering; (4) Alkali excitation is mostly performed by NaOH and Na 2 SiO 4 The excitation effect of the composite alkali excitation combination of (2) is also greatly improved; (5) The powder adopts the fly ash and the slag, so that the high-efficiency alkali excitation of the fly ash is not achieved, and the strength of the produced concrete is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete and the preparation and construction methods thereof, wherein the sintered stone and the desert sand are taken as coarse and fine aggregates, the lightweight and heat-insulating concrete suitable for sponge cities is prepared by adopting a composite alkali-activated technology and durability improvement measures, the engineering technical problems of the production of the characteristic concrete in the sponge cities at present can be solved, and the lightweight and heat-insulating concrete has the advantages of local materials, convenient construction, quick hardening, easy drainage, uniform quality and good freezing resistance, fully utilizes waste residues after coal combustion, changes waste into valuables, and reduces engineering cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of quicklime, 10-15 parts of alkali-activated agent, 500-800 parts of desert sand, 4-8 parts of water reducer, 35-50 parts of water and 300-600 parts of calcined stone.
The fly ash comprises active SiO accounting for 50 to 70 percent of the mass of the fly ash in any proportion 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO (free calcium oxide) which accounts for 5 to 10 percent of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 The fineness of the fly ash is less than 100um.
The quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for more than 70% of the weight content, and the intermediate-speed lime.
The alkali excitant is a compound excitant and comprises NaOH accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the alkali excitant and CaCl accounting for 2-3% of the mass of the alkali excitant which are uniformly mixed 2 。
The grain diameter of the desert sand is 25um to 400um, and the fineness modulus is 0.2 to 0.3.
The water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is more than 25%, and the air-entraining amount is 6% -15%; the temperature of the water is between 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.
The shape of the burnt stone is irregular, the grain diameter is 5mm-30mm, and the bulk density is 800-1200kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 20-28MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.3-0.7W/(m.k).
The preparation method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking water with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ and an exciting agent according to the mixing ratio of the compound alkali-activated lightweight concrete of the sintered stone desert sand, fully stirring and mixing, preparing a compound exciting agent solution after fully dissolving, and placing the compound exciting agent solution in a curing box with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for standby;
(2) Weighing the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand according to the mixing ratio of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete, uniformly mixing and stirring, and slowly adding the composite activator solution prepared in the step (1);
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at a speed of 100-150r/min for 5-8min, and slowly adding the air-entraining water reducer and water in the stirring process;
(4) And (3) slowly adding calcined stone after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 5-8min to obtain the light concrete.
The amount of water in step (3) =total amount of water-amount of water used in step (1).
The construction method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting flowing water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of grease on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
(2) Pouring the mixed sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required to be carried out, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is ensured to be completed before initial setting of the concrete;
(3) After filling, trowelling and cleaning are carried out on the poured surface, a plastic film is covered, natural curing is carried out, water loss and surface drying cracking in the curing process are avoided, and therefore the strength of the concrete is improved.
(4) And after the concrete curing is completed and the design strength is reached, the plastic film and the template are removed, and the subsequent construction can be performed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The clinker-sintered stone after coal combustion is used as coarse aggregate. The burnt stone is a glass-shaped substance with porous structure in the slag after coal combustion, and has higher strength, lower density, irregular shape and 5-30 mm particle size than the common slag (see figure 1). The sintered stone has a bulk density of 800-1200kg/m 3 Is close to common slag; but the cylinder pressure is 20-28MPa, which is increased by 30% compared with the common slag, and the strength of the lightweight concrete prepared by using the coarse aggregate is 15-30% higher than that of the lightweight concrete prepared by the conventional technology; the heat conductivity coefficient is between 0.3 and 0.7W/(m.k), and the heat insulation performance is good.
(2) By sand widely distributed in the northThe desert sand is used as a main raw material, has the advantages of convenient material taking, low price, environmental protection, good engineering applicability and obvious advantages in economy and environmental protection. The granularity composition of the desert sand is shown in table 1, the average grain diameter of the desert sand is 0.04mm-0.08mm, and the concrete prepared by the desert sand has the inherent advantage of good fluidity due to the fine grain diameter; the characteristics of the desert sand particles are shown in table 2 and fig. 1, the surface of the desert sand particles is rough, and the binding force is similar to that of standard sand when concrete is arranged; the chemical composition of the desert sand is shown in Table 3, and CaO and K thereof 2 O and Na 2 The content of alkaline components such as O is higher than that of common sand, and especially the content of CaO is close to 17%. The alkaline component with CaO as the main component in the desert sand can supplement the shortage of alkaline raw materials in the alkaline excitation material, increase the gelation of the alkaline excitation and is beneficial to the generation of the alkaline excitation intensity.
TABLE 1 Qinghai-Tibet plateau desert sand particle size composition (W%)
| Size fraction/mm | ＞0.9 | 0.9-0.45 | 0.45-0.2 | 0.3-0.2 | 0.2-0.08 | 0.08-0.04 | ＜0.04 |
| Content/% | 0.45 | 2.88 | 8.55 | 14.37 | 23.7 | 42.55 | 7.5 |
TABLE 2 desert sand characterization
TABLE 3 desert sand chemistry table
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | Fe 2 O 3 | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O |
| Content/% | 75.42 | 3.2 | 17.1 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 1.31 | 1.88 |
(3) Adopts the optimized proportion of the fly ash and the quicklime. Fly ash belongs to Cao-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 The composition of the system is shown in Table 4. Compared with ordinary silicate cement clinker, the low CaO content of the fly ash belongs to 'congenital calcium deficiency', so that the CaO content is supplemented and Ca (OH) is increased 2 The yield is more favorable for the hydration hardening of the fly ash to form strength. The calcium lime has the CaO content of 70-76 percent, and has low cost, thus being very suitable for being added as auxiliary materials of the fly ash. Through a large number of experiments, when the ratio of the fly ash to the lime is 75:25, the best mechanical property can be obtained. The quicklime can promote the excitation of the activity of the fly ash and reduce the porosity of a hardening system when being digested to generate heat (up to 80-90 ℃) and consume water, and the system temporarily has high concentration of OH -1 The surface of the fly ash particles is eroded to destroy the grid structures of the Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al, thereby obtaining better excitation effect.
Table 4 fly ash chemical composition table
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | Fe 2 O 3 | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O |
| Content/% | 50.96 | 32.79 | 6.61 | 4.42 | 0.23 | 1.54 | 0.17 |
(4) NaOH and CaCl are adopted 2 The composite alkali excitant has good strength excitation effect. The composition of fly ash is acid oxide, so that the fly ash has certain weak acidity, and OH in NaOH - The Si-O bond and the Al-O bond in the fly ash can be broken and cracked, so that the activity of the fly ash is enhanced; at the same time, na in NaOH + The network structure of the fly ash vitreous body can be changed, so that the network structure is disintegrated, and the activity of the fly ash is improved. CaCl (CaCl) 2 Middle Ca 2+ And CL - Can be well diffused into the fly ash particles and has activity with the fly ash Al 2 O 3 Generating se:Sub>A chemical reaction to generate C-A-H, increasing the internal and external osmotic pressure and destroying the fly ash inclusion; caCl (CaCl) 2 Can also be combined with Ca (OH) in the system 2 The chemical reaction is carried out to generate the calcium oxychloride double salt, which is insoluble in water and increases the solid phase component in the system, thereby increasing the strength of the system (see figure 2).
(5) The composite water reducer is adopted, so that the strength is increased and the durability is improved. The water reducer is a high-efficiency air-entraining water reducer, has a dispersing effect on powder particles, can improve the workability, reduce the unit water consumption, improve the fluidity and save the powder materials. The addition amount is 1.5-2.5% of the total mass of the silt, and the mixing water consumption is reduced by 10-20% under the condition of keeping the slump unchanged; or under the condition of unchanged water-cement ratio, the fluidity of the concrete is increased by 25-35%. Meanwhile, a large amount of tiny, closed and uniformly distributed bubbles can be introduced into the composite water reducing agent in the mixing process, so that bleeding and segregation of the mixture are reduced, workability is improved, and freezing resistance and durability of concrete are remarkably improved. The composite water reducer can enable concrete to have high strength and high durability, and the basic performance is shown in table 5 after detection.
TABLE 5 basic parameters of concrete durability
In conclusion, the invention adopts the sintered stone which has a porous structure and is in a glass shape in the slag after coal combustion and the desert sand widely distributed in the north, has simple scheme and low cost, changes waste into valuable, and can reduce the exploitation of natural resources; by introducing the water reducer, the viscosity of the concrete is increased, the problem of floating of the lightweight aggregate is solved, and the uniformity of the concrete is improved; the concrete has the advantages of early strength, quick hardening, stable quality, high durability and the like, and can be applied to heat preservation, heat insulation and construction of sponge cities.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a comparison characteristic of normal slag and sintered stone, wherein fig. 1 (a) is normal slag and fig. 1 (b) is sintered stone.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the intensity results of the composite activator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
100 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of quicklime, 10 parts of alkali-activated agent, 500 parts of desert sand, 4 parts of composite water reducer, 35 parts of water and 300 parts of sintered stone.
The fly ash comprises active SiO with arbitrary ratio of 50% of the fly ash mass 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO (free calcium oxide), fe accounting for 5% of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The fineness of the fly ash is 90um.
The quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for 75% of the weighing content, and the quicklime is middle-speed lime.
The alkali activator is a compound activator, and contains NaOH accounting for 1% of the mass of the alkali activator and CaCl accounting for 2% of the mass of the alkali activator which are uniformly mixed 2 。
The grain diameter of the desert sand is 50um, and the fineness modulus is 0.2.
The water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is 26%, and the air-entraining amount is 6%; the temperature of the water was 60 ℃.
Sintered Dan Lijing mm and bulk density 900kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 22MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.4W/(m.k).
The preparation method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking 60 ℃ water and an exciting agent according to the mixing ratio of the compound alkali-activated lightweight concrete of the sintered stone desert sand, fully stirring and mixing, preparing a compound exciting agent solution after fully dissolving, and placing the compound exciting agent solution in a curing box at 60 ℃ for standby;
(2) Weighing the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand according to the mixing ratio of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete, uniformly mixing and stirring, and slowly adding the composite activator solution prepared in the step (1);
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at the speed of 120r/min for 8min, and slowly adding the air-entraining water reducer and water in the stirring process;
(4) Slowly adding calcined stones after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 8min to obtain the light concrete; sealing and storing the obtained desert sand alkali-activated antifreeze concrete material for standby, wherein the concrete engineering parameters are shown in table 6.
A construction method for sintering stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting running water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of butter on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
secondly, pouring the mixed calcined stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is completed before initial setting of the concrete;
and thirdly, after filling, trowelling and cleaning the poured surface, covering a plastic film, and naturally curing, so that water loss and surface drying and cracking in the curing process are avoided, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
And fourthly, after waiting for 28 days, curing the concrete to reach the design strength, and removing the plastic film and the template to perform subsequent construction.
TABLE 6 concrete engineering parameters
Example 2
The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
100 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of quicklime, 13 parts of alkali-activated agent, 600 parts of desert sand, 6 parts of composite water reducer, 40 parts of water and 400 parts of sintered stone.
The fly ash is industrial powderCoal ash comprising active SiO at an arbitrary ratio of 51.3% by mass of fly ash 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO (free calcium oxide), fe accounting for 5.1% of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 。
The quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for 80% of the weight content, and the quicklime is middle-speed lime.
The alkali activator is a compound activator, and contains NaOH accounting for 1.5% of the mass of the alkali activator and CaCl accounting for 2.3% of the mass of the alkali activator which are uniformly mixed 2 。
The grain diameter of the desert sand is 100um, and the fineness modulus is 0.3.
The water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is 28.4%, and the air-entraining amount is 6.5%; the temperature of the water was 70 ℃.
Sintered Dan Lijing mm and bulk density 1000kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 24MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.5W/(m.k).
The preparation method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking water at 60 ℃ and an exciting agent according to the mixing ratio of the compound alkali-activated lightweight concrete of the sintered stone desert sand, fully stirring and mixing, preparing a compound exciting agent solution after fully dissolving, and placing the compound exciting agent solution in a curing box at 7 ℃ for standby;
(2) Weighing the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand according to the mixing ratio of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete, uniformly mixing and stirring, and slowly adding the composite activator solution prepared in the step (1);
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at the speed of 120r/min for 6min, and slowly adding the air-entraining water reducer and water in the stirring process;
(4) Slowly adding calcined stones after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 6min to obtain the light concrete; sealing and storing the obtained desert sand alkali-activated antifreeze concrete material for standby, wherein the concrete engineering parameters are shown in table 7.
A construction method for sintering stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting running water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of butter on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
secondly, pouring the mixed calcined stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is completed before initial setting of the concrete;
and thirdly, after filling, trowelling and cleaning the poured surface, covering a plastic film, and naturally curing, so that water loss and surface drying and cracking in the curing process are avoided, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
And fourthly, after waiting for 28 days, curing the concrete to reach the design strength, and removing the plastic film and the template to perform subsequent construction.
TABLE 7 concrete engineering parameters
Example 3
The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
100 parts of fly ash, 23 parts of quicklime, 14 parts of alkali-activated agent, 620 parts of desert sand, 6 parts of compound water reducer, 42 parts of water and 500 parts of calcined stone.
The fly ash is industrial fly ash and comprises active SiO which accounts for 57% of the mass of the fly ash and has any ratio 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO (free calcium oxide), fe accounting for 5.7% of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 。
The quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for 85% of the weighing content, and the quicklime is middle-speed lime.
The alkali activator is a compound activator, and contains NaOH accounting for 1.4% of the mass of the alkali activator and CaCl accounting for 2.3% of the mass of the alkali activator which are uniformly mixed 2 。
The grain diameter of the desert sand is 150um, and the fineness modulus is 0.3.
Sintered Dan Lijing mm and has a bulk density of 850kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 26MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.6W/(m.k).
The water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is 26.4%, and the air-entraining amount is 6.5%; the temperature of the water was 70 ℃.
The preparation method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking water at 70 ℃ and an exciting agent according to the mixing ratio of the compound alkali-activated lightweight concrete of the sintered stone desert sand, fully stirring and mixing, preparing a compound exciting agent solution after fully dissolving, and placing the compound exciting agent solution in a curing box at 70 ℃ for standby;
(2) Weighing the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand according to the mixing ratio of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete, uniformly mixing and stirring, and slowly adding the composite activator solution prepared in the step (1);
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at the speed of 130r/min for 7min, and slowly adding the air-entraining water reducer and water in the stirring process;
(4) Slowly adding calcined stones after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 7min to obtain the light concrete; sealing and storing the obtained desert sand alkali-activated antifreeze concrete material for standby, wherein the concrete engineering parameters are shown in table 8.
A construction method for sintering stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting running water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of butter on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
secondly, pouring the mixed calcined stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is completed before initial setting of the concrete;
and thirdly, after filling, trowelling and cleaning the poured surface, covering a plastic film, and naturally curing, so that water loss and surface drying and cracking in the curing process are avoided, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
And fourthly, after waiting for 28 days, curing the concrete to reach the design strength, and removing the plastic film and the template to perform subsequent construction.
Table 8 concrete engineering parameters
Example 4
The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
100 parts of fly ash, 28 parts of quicklime, 13 parts of alkali-activated agent, 700 parts of desert sand, 7 parts of composite water reducer, 47 parts of water and 600 parts of calcined stone;
the fly ash is industrial fly ash and comprises active SiO accounting for 50% of the mass of the fly ash in any ratio 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO (free calcium oxide), fe accounting for 5% of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 ；
The quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for 78% of the weighing content, and the quicklime is middle-speed lime.
The alkali activator is a compound activator, and contains NaOH accounting for 1.3% of the mass of the alkali activator and CaCl accounting for 2.6% of the mass of the alkali activator which are uniformly mixed 2 ；
The grain diameter of the desert sand is 500um, and the fineness modulus is 0.2.
The water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is 28%, and the air-entraining amount is 6%; the water temperature was 60 ℃.
Sintered Dan Lijing mm and has a bulk density of 1200kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 28MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.7W/(m.k).
The preparation method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking 60 ℃ water and an exciting agent according to the mixing ratio of the compound alkali-activated lightweight concrete of the sintered stone desert sand, fully stirring and mixing, preparing a compound exciting agent solution after fully dissolving, and placing the compound exciting agent solution in a curing box at 60 ℃ for standby;
(2) Weighing the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand according to the mixing ratio of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete, uniformly mixing and stirring, and slowly adding the composite activator solution prepared in the step (1);
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at a speed of 150r/min for 5min, and slowly adding the air-entraining water reducer and water in the stirring process;
(4) Slowly adding calcined stones after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain the light concrete; sealing and storing the obtained desert sand alkali-activated antifreeze concrete material for standby, wherein the concrete engineering parameters are shown in table 9.
A construction method for sintering stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting running water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of butter on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
secondly, pouring the mixed calcined stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is completed before initial setting of the concrete;
and thirdly, after filling, trowelling and cleaning the poured surface, covering a plastic film, and naturally curing, so that water loss and surface drying and cracking in the curing process are avoided, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
And fourthly, after waiting for 28 days, curing the concrete to reach the design strength, and removing the plastic film and the template to perform subsequent construction.
Table 9 concrete engineering parameters
Claims (10)
1. A sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of quicklime, 10-15 parts of alkali-activated agent, 500-800 parts of desert sand, 4-8 parts of water reducer, 35-50 parts of water and 300-600 parts of calcined stone.
2. The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fly ash comprises active SiO accounting for 50 to 70 percent of the mass of the fly ash in any proportion 2 Active Al 2 O 3 And f-CaO, fe accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the fly ash 2 O 3 The fineness of the fly ash is less than 100um.
3. The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the quicklime is common ground quicklime, caO accounts for more than 70% of the weight content, and the intermediate-speed lime.
4. The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the alkali excitant is a compound excitant and comprises NaOH accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the alkali excitant and CaCl accounting for 2-3% of the mass of the alkali excitant which are uniformly mixed 2 。
5. The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the grain diameter of the desert sand is 25um to 400um, and the fineness modulus is 0.2 to 0.3.
6. The sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducer is an air-entraining water reducer, the water reducing rate is more than 25%, and the air-entraining amount is 6% -15%; the temperature of the water is between 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.
7. The alkali-activated desert sand concrete of claim 1, wherein the sintered stone has irregular shape, particle size of 5mm-30mm and bulk density of 800-1200kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 20-28MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.3-0.7W/(m.k).
8. A method for preparing the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete based on any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The water with the temperature of 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ and the exciting agent are fully stirred and mixed according to the mixing ratio of claim 1, and are placed in a curing box with the temperature of 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ for standby after being fully dissolved;
(2) The antifreeze concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash, the quicklime and the desert sand are weighed according to the mixing proportion, uniformly mixed and stirred, and then the alkali-activator solution prepared in the step (1) is slowly added;
(3) Stirring the concrete obtained in the step (2) at the speed of 100-150r/min for 5-8min, and slowly adding the water reducer and water in the stirring process.
(4) And (3) slowly adding calcined stone after the concrete obtained in the step (3) is stirred to form viscous concrete liquid, and continuously stirring for 5-8min to obtain the light concrete.
9. The method for preparing the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete according to claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: water usage in step (3) =total water usage-water usage in alkaline excitation.
10. The construction method of the sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated lightweight concrete based on the preparation of claim 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing construction materials such as water, electricity and pipelines, leveling the ground of a building template, injecting flowing water into the template to wash the interior of the building template clean, and coating a layer of grease on the surface of the template to facilitate the subsequent demoulding;
(2) Pouring the mixed sintered stone desert sand composite alkali-activated light concrete, wherein continuous construction is required to be carried out, segregation and slurry leakage are avoided, and pouring is ensured to be completed before initial setting of the concrete;
(3) After filling, trowelling and cleaning the filling surface, covering a plastic film, and naturally curing;
(4) And after the concrete curing is completed and the design strength is reached, the plastic film and the template are removed, and the subsequent construction can be performed.
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