CN113185224A - Novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material comprises heat-insulating aggregate, a cementing material, an additive and water, wherein the addition amounts of the heat-insulating aggregate, the cementing material and the additive respectively account for 8.5-29.0%, 37-46% and 3.0-3.9% of the total amount of the mortar, the heat-insulating aggregate comprises polystyrene particles and ceramic sand particles, and the cementing material comprises activated iron tailing powder and cement. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the waste iron tailings can be fully developed and utilized to prepare the cementing material, the prepared thermal insulation mortar has high strength, good fire resistance durability and waterproof thermal insulation property, can be effectively suitable for places with strict requirements on external wall thermal insulation and fire prevention, and has extremely low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to novel low-cost high-performance energy-saving environment-friendly thermal insulation mortar prepared by taking iron tailing powder as a composite cementing material base material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The iron tailings are solid or powdery residue waste discharged from the mining and metallurgy industries. If the iron tailings are not effectively treated, the environment can be seriously polluted, the comprehensive utilization rate of the iron tailings in China is only about 7%, but the comprehensive utilization rate of the iron tailings in developed countries reaches 60% for a long time. Research shows that the iron tailings can be used for preparing building materials. Therefore, the application of the waste iron tailings in the wall heat preservation technology, the reasonable treatment of the waste iron tailings and the reduction of the energy consumption become important research points.
Building energy consumption is one of the largest energy consumers in the world, but is also the energy utilization field with the most energy-saving potential, and the wall heat-insulating technology is paid much attention to as a leading measure of building energy conservation. Thermal insulation mortar which is widely applied in wall engineering can be divided into organic thermal insulation mortar and inorganic thermal insulation mortar. The organic thermal insulation mortar has the advantages of light weight, good anti-freezing and anti-cracking performance, good thermal insulation performance, low manufacturing cost and the like, but also has obvious defects, such as low strength, poor bonding performance, poor fireproof durability and the like. However, the advantages and disadvantages of the inorganic thermal insulation mortar are just opposite to those of the organic thermal insulation mortar, and the high water absorption of the inorganic aggregate seriously affects the performances of the inorganic thermal insulation mortar, such as freezing resistance, crack resistance, thermal insulation, long-term durability and the like. Therefore, the wall thermal insulation mortar which has the advantages of freezing resistance, cracking resistance, good thermal insulation performance, high mechanical strength and good bonding performance is developed and researched, and has higher application value.
Through retrieval, relevant patents for preparing the thermal insulation mortar are disclosed. For example, the chinese patent application No. 201611208253.3 discloses a thermal insulation foam concrete prepared from waste and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 56-72 parts of cement, 10-15 parts of tailing sand, 0.15-0.3 part of straw, 0.2-0.4 part of EPS particles, 1.5-2.0 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 1.12-1.5 parts of sodium silicate solution, 0.1-0.2 part of latex powder, 0.4-0.7 part of water reducing agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of foaming agent, 0.02-0.1 part of foam stabilizer and 33-40 parts of water. Although the application recycles the waste iron tailings, the heat insulation performance of the concrete is still relatively poor, the unit weight is high, the standard requirements of building heat insulation mortar cannot be met, and the manufacturing cost is increased due to the high cement consumption and the doping of various additives. In addition, the construction process of the heat-preservation foam concrete is complex and the operation is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing waste iron tailings are seriously accumulated and can not be effectively recycled, and the existing organic thermal insulation mortar and inorganic thermal insulation mortar can not be widely applied to various inner and outer wall thermal insulation and projects with higher requirements on wall thermal insulation, and provides novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material and a preparation method thereof. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the cementing material prepared from the waste iron tailings can be fully utilized, and the prepared thermal insulation mortar has the advantages of high strength, light weight, frost resistance, crack resistance, fire resistance, water resistance, good working performance, good thermal insulation durability and the like, can be effectively suitable for thermal insulation of inner and outer walls, meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and is extremely low in cost.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material comprises heat-insulating aggregate, a cementing material, an additive and water, wherein the addition amounts of the heat-insulating aggregate, the cementing material and the additive respectively account for 8.5-29.0%, 37-46% and 3.0-3.9% of the total amount of the mortar, the heat-insulating aggregate comprises polystyrene particles and ceramic sand particles, and the cementing material comprises activated iron tailing powder and cement.
Furthermore, the activated iron tailing powder is prepared by mixing and co-grinding the iron tailing powder with an active excitant.
Furthermore, the active excitant is liquid water glass, and the mixing amount of the active excitant is 0.8 to 1.2 percent of the weight of the iron tailings; specifically, the iron tailings are dried at constant temperature, then uniformly mixed with liquid water glass, and co-ground for 0.8h-1.2h by a ball mill to obtain activated iron tailing powder.
Furthermore, the addition amounts of the activated iron tailing powder and the cement respectively account for 12-16% and 25-30% of the total amount of the obtained mortar, and the bulk density of the activated iron tailing powder is 2.5-2.74 g/cm3The specific surface area is 750-800 m2/kg。
Furthermore, the addition amounts of the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles respectively account for 0.48-1.0% and 8.0-28.0% of the total amount of the obtained mortar.
Furthermore, the polystyrene particles are original self-extinguishing foam particles, the particle size of the polystyrene particles is 1-3 mm, the ceramic sand particles are clay ceramic sand, the particle size of the ceramic sand particles is 2-4 mm, and the total volume (L) of the ceramic sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 1.5 to 9.
Furthermore, the additive comprises VAE latex powder, a modifier, a water-retaining agent, a waterproof agent and fibers, wherein the components respectively account for 1.2-1.55%, 0.07-0.1%, 0.2-0.35%, 1.2-1.55% and 0.2-0.35% of the total amount of the obtained mortar.
Furthermore, the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles are pretreated by VAE latex powder and a modifier in advance.
Furthermore, the fiber is organic fiber, and the modifier, the water-retaining agent and the waterproof agent are respectively modified polyethylene oxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and mortar waterproof additives.
The preparation method of the building mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the required raw materials according to the test proportion and the dosage, and weighing for later use;
step two, fully wetting the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles by using a modifier diluted by water and the VAE latex powder of 1/3, then adding 1/4 amount of cement, uniformly mixing and stirring, and performing aging pretreatment;
and step three, then adding the rest VAE latex powder, cement, activated iron tailing powder, fiber, water-retaining agent and waterproof agent, stirring while adding the reserved water, and fully stirring for 3-5 minutes.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material is characterized in that specific substance types of the adopted raw materials such as the thermal insulation aggregate and the cementing material are optimized, the mass ratio of the added raw materials is optimized, and the addition amount of each material is strictly controlled, so that the comprehensive use performance of the thermal insulation mortar is effectively improved.
(2) According to the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material, the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles are compounded to serve as the thermal insulation aggregate, and the advantages of light weight, water resistance, heat insulation, low thermal conductivity of the organic aggregate, high strength of the inorganic aggregate, fire resistance, frost resistance, aging resistance and the like are comprehensively utilized, so that the working performance, the freezing resistance, the crack resistance, the thermal insulation and the fire resistance durability of the thermal insulation mortar are further effectively ensured. In addition, the light ceramic sand with smaller particle size can replace river sand to be used as fine aggregate, and the shortage of building sand resources is relieved.
(3) According to the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material, the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles with different particle sizes are used, so that the particle size grading is optimized, the building mortar has good particle grading, gaps among the particles are just filled step by step, the structure is in the most compact stacking state, the porosity reaches the minimum value, the stacking density reaches the maximum value, the structure is more complete, the skeleton effect of aggregate is enhanced, the strength and the stability of the thermal insulation mortar are obviously improved, the use of cement is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
(4) According to the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material, the iron tailings are subjected to pre-activation treatment, the activation process is optimized through experiments, the optimal alkaline activity activator and the optimal process are determined to fully activate the potential activity of the iron tailings, the iron tailings and the alkaline activity activator are mixed and ground simultaneously, the mixing amount of the activity activator and the mechanical grinding time are strictly controlled, and therefore the activator can fully exert the effect of the activator, the activated iron tailing powder is optimal in gelling performance, can be used as a gelling material to replace part of cement, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
(5) According to the novel building mortar taking the iron tailing powder as the raw material, the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles as the heat-insulating aggregates are modified by adopting partial VAE latex powder and modified polyethylene oxide in advance, so that the compatibility and the bonding strength between the cementing material and the particles can be effectively improved, and the working performance of the obtained heat-insulating mortar can be ensured.
(6) The preparation method of the mortar for the building optimizes the composition, the proportion and the specific preparation process of the mortar raw materials, thereby effectively improving the heat preservation, heat insulation, freezing prevention, crack resistance, fire resistance, durability and structural strength of the obtained heat preservation mortar, and the heat preservation aggregate is pretreated by using part of VAE latex powder and modified polyoxyethylene in advance and then mixed with other raw materials, thereby further improving the compatibility of particles and a cementing material, ensuring the bonding strength of the particles and particularly avoiding the floating phenomenon of the aggregate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an iron tailing activation process in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a process for preparing the building mortar using iron ore tailings powder as a raw material according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the performances of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
At present, the existing waste iron tailings can not be recycled and treated in large quantity generally, and cause serious pollution to the environment. Even if the thermal insulation mortar is applied to the preparation of the thermal insulation mortar in the prior art, the prepared thermal insulation mortar has poor working performance and low strength. In addition, the existing organic thermal insulation mortar and inorganic thermal insulation mortar have respective defects, and cannot be widely applied to various places with high requirements on internal and external wall thermal insulation and wall thermal insulation.
Based on the current situation, the inventor of the application selects specific organic and inorganic thermal insulation aggregates for compounding by a large number of experiments in combination with the characteristics of the organic and inorganic thermal insulation aggregates, and optimizes and selects the types of other raw materials, thereby finally providing a novel low-cost, high-performance, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal insulation mortar prepared by taking iron tailing powder as a composite cementing material base material and a preparation method thereof. The mortar for the building has excellent heat preservation and insulation, anti-freezing and anti-cracking performance, fire resistance and durability and mechanical property, can be widely applied to places with higher requirements on heat preservation mortar, such as intensive houses, public buildings, large public places and the like, realizes the large-scale utilization of iron tailing powder, reduces the using amount of cement, has lower cost, saves energy and protects environment.
Specifically, the building mortar consists of a heat-insulating aggregate, a cementing material, an additive and water, wherein the addition amounts of the heat-insulating aggregate, the cementing material and the additive respectively account for 8.5-29.0%, 37-48% and 3.0-3.9% of the total amount of the mortar. The heat-insulating aggregate is composed of polystyrene particles and ceramic sand particles, the cementing material is composed of activated iron tailing powder and cement, the additive is composed of VAE latex powder, a modifier, a water-retaining agent, a waterproof agent, fibers and water, and the concrete metering fractions of the materials are as follows:
ceramic sand particles: 8.0 to 28.0 percent
Polystyrene particles: 0.48 to 1.0 percent
Activating iron tailing powder: 12 to 16 percent
Cement: 25 to 30 percent
Fiber: 0.2 to 0.35 percent
VAE latex powder: 1.2 to 1.55 percent
Modifying agent: 0.07 to 0.1 percent
Water-retaining agent: 0.2 to 0.35 percent
Water-proofing agent: 1.2 to 1.55 percent
The balance of water.
The polystyrene particles are original self-extinguishing foam particles, and the particle size of the polystyrene particles is 1-3 mm; the ceramic sand particles are clay ceramic sand, the particle size of the clay ceramic sand is 2-4 mm, and the total volume (L) of the ceramic sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 1.5 to 9. The fiber is organic fiber with the length of 4-6 mm, the VAE latex powder is dispersible latex powder, the modifier is modified polyethylene oxide, the water-retaining agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the waterproof agent is a mortar waterproof additive, and the cement is ordinary portland cement.
The invention optimizes the composition of the raw materials, particularly the specific types of the heat-insulating aggregate and the cementing material, optimally designs the mass ratio of all the added materials, and strictly controls the addition amount of each component, thereby effectively improving the comprehensive performance of the heat-insulating mortar, being suitable for places with strict requirements on external wall heat insulation and buildings, fully recycling the waste iron tailings, having low cost and being environment-friendly. Specifically, the polystyrene particles and the ceramsite are compounded to serve as the thermal insulation aggregate, so that the advantages of light weight, water resistance, heat insulation, low thermal conductivity of the organic aggregate, high strength of the inorganic aggregate, fire resistance, frost resistance, aging resistance and the like can be fully utilized, and the working performance, freezing resistance, crack resistance, thermal insulation and fire resistance and durability of the thermal insulation mortar are effectively guaranteed.
The polystyrene particles have smooth surfaces, the particles are porous in the interior and have vitrified hydrophobic surfaces, the heat insulation performance, the freezing resistance, the crack resistance and other durability of the heat insulation mortar are obviously improved, the affinity with inorganic cementing materials such as cement is improved through modification treatment, the working performance of the heat insulation mortar can be further improved through compounding with ceramic sand particles, and the functions of enabling an aggregate dispersion system to be more uniform and improving the structural strength of the aggregate are achieved. Meanwhile, the ceramic sand particles are used as inorganic heat-insulating aggregate to reach A-level non-combustible grade, and the fire resistance and durability of the composite heat-insulating mortar are further improved along with the increase of inorganic components in the components. In addition, the light ceramic sand particles with smaller particle sizes are used as fine aggregates to replace building sand, so that the shortage of building sand resources is relieved, the heat conductivity coefficient of the mortar is reduced, and various performances of the thermal insulation mortar are improved on the premise of ensuring the strength of the mortar.
Furthermore, the invention optimizes the particle composition of the polystyrene particles and the ceramsite, uses the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles with different compositions as the thermal insulation aggregate, adopts multi-stage composition particles to ensure that the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles are more closely stacked, the aggregate composition is well distributed, and the gaps among the particles are just filled step by step, so that the structure forms the most compact stacking state, the porosity reaches the minimum value, the stacking density reaches the maximum value, the structure is more complete, and the dosage of the cementing material in a mortar system can be reduced.
The activated iron tailing powder is prepared by mixing and grinding the iron tailings after adding an active activator into the iron tailings, wherein the active activator is liquid water glass (namely sodium nonahydrate), and the adding amount of the active activator is 0.8-1.2%, and the preferred adding amount is 1%. Specifically, drying the iron tailings in a blast oven at a constant temperature of 100-110 ℃, putting the iron tailings into a planetary ball mill, adding a certain amount of liquid water glass alkaline exciting agent into the planetary ball mill, uniformly mixing the iron tailings and the liquid water glass alkaline exciting agent, and co-milling the mixture by the planetary ball mill for a specified time to obtain activated iron tailing powder, wherein the co-milling time of the planetary ball mill is 0.8-1.2 hours, preferably 1 hour; then taking out and placing in a drying bag for later use.
Test results show that when the mixing amount of iron tailing powder (the mass percentage of the iron tailing powder in the total amount of the cementing material and the additive) is within 20 percent, the strength of iron tailing slurry test pieces 3d, 7d and 28d is higher than that of a reference test piece; when the mixing amount of the iron tailing powder is 30%, the strength of the iron tailing slurry test piece is close to the strength of the reference mortar; however, when the mixing amount of the iron tailing powder exceeds 30%, the net slurry strength of the iron tailing is obviously reduced along with the increase of the mixing amount. The bulk density of the activated iron tailing powder is 2.74g/cm3Specific surface area of 800m2Kg, mineral particle size below 30 μm, water content below 3%. SiO in iron tailing sand component2And Al2O3The content of the inorganic material is 74.99%, the mechanically ground mineral material is more easily dissolved and dispersed in alkaline environment, Si-O bond and Al-O bond are depolymerized into monomer, and then condensed to form-Si-O-Al-skeleton structure, and hardened to form aluminosilicate gelIn the preparation of the cement.
The invention carries out activation treatment on the iron tailings, optimizes the type of the alkaline activator and the specific activation process through a large number of tests, selects liquid water glass (nonahydrate and sodium silicate) as the activator, puts the activator into a grinding machine, fully mixes the activator with the iron tailings and simultaneously grinds the mixture, and strictly controls the mixing amount of the activator and the optimal mechanical grinding time.
Tests show that the performance of the iron tailing powder/cement binary pure slurry formed by mixing 30% of activated iron tailing powder into cement can meet the requirement of P.O 42.5.5, the compressive strength is 52.2MPa, the flexural strength is 8.5MPa, and the stability and the water demand also meet the requirement. The technology comprises the steps of crushing iron tailings into powder particles under the combined action of mechanical force and an alkaline environment, depolymerizing Si-O bonds and Al-O bonds into monomers, performing polycondensation to form a-Si-O-Al-framework structure, and hardening to generate aluminosilicate gel; the ingredients such as MgO, CaO and the like in the iron tailings also improve the volcanic ash reaction activity of the iron tailings, and a large amount of submicron and nanometer particles are generated in the activated mineral admixture, so that the mineral powder has a certain morphological effect and a micro-aggregate effect.
The preparation method of the building mortar provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the required raw materials according to the test proportion and the dosage, and weighing for later use;
step two, fully wetting the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles by using a modifier diluted by water and partial VAE latex powder, adding cement, uniformly mixing and stirring, and performing aging pretreatment;
and step three, then adding the rest VAE latex powder, cement, activated iron tailing powder, fiber, water-retaining agent and waterproof agent, stirring while adding the reserved water, and fully stirring for 3-5 minutes.
The waste iron tailings are fully utilized, the novel thermal insulation mortar is prepared by utilizing the waste after mineral separation and organic-inorganic composite binary aggregate, and a proper amount of additives such as fiber, emulsion powder and the like are added to effectively improve the mortar performance, so that the pressure of the tailing stockpiling on the environment is relieved, the high-added-value resource utilization of the tailings is accelerated, and the use of cement or cement clinker is reduced; on the other hand, the problems of low strength, poor fire resistance and durability, easy hollowing and cracking of inorganic thermal insulation mortar, poor waterproof and thermal insulation performance and the like of the existing organic thermal insulation mortar are solved, and the organic thermal insulation mortar is suitable for external thermal insulation of an external wall and internal thermal insulation of the external wall, can also be used for composite thermal insulation of the internal wall and the external wall, and simultaneously meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, it is also noted that the invention uses modifier and partial VAE latex powder to modify the heat preservation aggregate, and wraps a certain amount of cement on the surface of the heat preservation aggregate for aging treatment, so that a layer of hard hydrophilic inorganic thin layer can be formed on the particle surface, the hydrophilicity of the particle surface is effectively improved, the bonding strength of the cementing material to the particle is improved, the workability and the construction performance of the mortar are further improved, and the phenomenon of 'floating up' of the aggregate is avoided.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and the described examples are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments made by the person skilled in the art without the help of creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Weighing the materials according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 9. namely 8.0 percent of ceramic sand particles, 1.0 percent of polystyrene particles, 14.0 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 30.0 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.35 percent of PP fibers, 1.55 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.1 percent of modifier, 0.35 percent of cellulose ether, 1.55 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water; then fully wetting polystyrene particles and ceramic sand particles by using a modifier diluted by water and VAE latex powder of 1/3, adding 1/4 amount of cement, uniformly mixing and stirring, and performing aging pretreatment; and finally, mixing and stirring the pretreated heat-preservation aggregate, the residual VAE latex powder, cement, activated iron tailing powder, fiber, a water-retaining agent and a waterproof agent uniformly, and then continuously stirring for 3 minutes to obtain the heat-preservation mortar, wherein the mixing amount of the active exciting agent is controlled to be 1% when the iron tailing is activated, and the co-grinding time is controlled to be 1 h.
Example 2
Weighing the materials used for preparation according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 4. namely 16.2 percent of ceramic sand particles, 0.75 percent of polystyrene particles, 13.8 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 29.0 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.27 percent of PP fibers, 1.39 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.09 percent of modifier, 0.27 percent of cellulose ether, 1.39 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, controlling the mixing amount of the activity excitant to be 1.2% when activating the iron tailings, and controlling the co-grinding time to be 0.8 h.
Example 3
Weighing the materials used for preparation according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 2.4. namely 22.4 percent of ceramic sand particles, 0.61 percent of polystyrene particles, 12.5 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 27.5 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.25 percent of PP fibers, 1.28 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.08 percent of modifier, 0.25 percent of cellulose ether, 1.28 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, controlling the mixing amount of the activity excitant to be 0.8% when activating the iron tailings, and controlling the co-grinding time to be 1.2 h.
Example 4
Weighing the materials used for preparation according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 1.5. 28.0 percent of ceramic sand particles, 0.48 percent of polystyrene particles, 12 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 26.0 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.2 percent of PP fibers, 1.2 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.07 percent of modifier, 0.2 percent of cellulose ether, 1.2 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method, controlling the mixing amount of the activity excitant to be 1% when activating the iron tailings, and controlling the co-grinding time to be 1.2 h.
Comparative example 1
Weighing the materials used for preparation according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 9. 9.0 percent of ceramic sand particles, 0.9 percent of polystyrene particles, 15.5 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 30.5 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.3 percent of PP fibers, 1.51 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.1 percent of modifier, 0.3 percent of cellulose ether, 1.51 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, wherein the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the iron tailing powder is obtained by independently grinding the iron tailings for 1 hour, and then adding the active exciting agent and uniformly mixing, and the mixing amount of the active exciting agent is 1%.
Comparative example 2
The materials used for preparation are weighed according to the following weight percentage, namely 1.12 percent of polystyrene particles, 16.5 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 34.6 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.33 percent of PP fibers, 1.65 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.11 percent of modifier, 0.33 percent of cellulose ether, 1.65 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, controlling the mixing amount of the activity excitant to be 1% when activating the iron tailings, and controlling the co-grinding time to be 1 h.
Comparative example 3
The materials used for preparation are weighed according to the following weight percentage, namely 50.0 percent of ceramic sand particles, 8.5 percent of activated iron tailing powder, 17.7 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.17 percent of PP fiber, 0.85 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.057 percent of modifier, 0.17 percent of cellulose ether, 0.85 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, controlling the mixing amount of the activity excitant to be 1% when activating the iron tailings, and controlling the co-grinding time to be 1 h.
Comparative example 4
Weighing the materials used for preparation according to the following metering components, wherein the total volume (L) of the pottery sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 9. namely 9.0 percent of ceramic sand particles, 0.9 percent of polystyrene particles, 45.0 percent of ordinary portland cement, 0.3 percent of PP fibers, 1.51 percent of VAE latex powder, 0.1 percent of modifier, 0.3 percent of cellulose ether, 1.51 percent of waterproofing agent and the balance of water. And then preparing the thermal insulation mortar according to the preparation method of the embodiment 1, and finally, after uniformly stirring the glue solution and the thermal insulation aggregate, continuously stirring for 3 minutes to obtain the thermal insulation mortar.
Comparative example 5
The mortar raw material composition of this example is general to example 1, and the differences are as follows: when the mortar is prepared, all the raw materials are directly added into a stirrer together and uniformly mixed.
And (3) performance measurement: the performance of the mortar test pieces prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-5 was determined according to the GB/T20473-. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the influence of the different volume ratios of the ceramic sand particles and the polystyrene particles in the examples on the performance of the thermal mortar is very obvious, the activity of the iron tailings powder in the comparative examples is lower than that in the examples, and the performance of the thermal mortar cannot meet the standard requirement of building thermal mortar (GB/T20473-2006) by using the ceramic sand particles or the polystyrene particles as thermal aggregates. Therefore, the invention optimizes and reasonably selects raw materials, fully utilizes the iron tailings, prepares a novel low-cost high-performance energy-saving environment-friendly wall thermal insulation material, and realizes building energy conservation.
Claims (10)
1. A novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material is characterized in that: the mortar consists of heat-insulating aggregate, a cementing material, an additive and water, wherein the addition amounts of the heat-insulating aggregate, the cementing material and the additive respectively account for 8.5-29.0%, 37-46% and 3.0-3.9% of the total amount of the mortar, the heat-insulating aggregate consists of polystyrene particles and ceramic sand particles, and the cementing material consists of activated iron tailing powder and cement.
2. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the activated iron tailing powder is prepared by mixing and co-grinding iron tailing powder with an active excitant.
3. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the active excitant is liquid water glass, and the mixing amount of the active excitant is 0.8 to 1.2 percent of the weight of the iron tailings; specifically, the iron tailings are dried at constant temperature, then uniformly mixed with liquid water glass, and co-ground for 0.8h-1.2h by a ball mill to obtain activated iron tailing powder.
4. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the addition amounts of the activated iron tailing powder and the cement respectively account for 12-16% and 25-30% of the total amount of the mortar, and the bulk density of the activated iron tailing powder is 2.5-2.74 g/cm3The specific surface area is 750-800 m2/kg。
5. The novel building mortar using iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the addition amounts of the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles respectively account for 0.48-1.0% and 8.0-28.0% of the total amount of the obtained mortar.
6. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the polystyrene particles are original self-extinguishing foam particles, the particle size of the polystyrene particles is 1-3 mm, the ceramic sand particles are clay ceramic sand, the particle size of the ceramic sand particles is 2-4 mm, and the total volume (L) of the ceramic sand particles is as follows: total volume of polystyrene particles (L) ═ 1: 1.5 to 9.
7. The novel building mortar using iron tailing powder as a raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the additive comprises VAE latex powder, a modifier, a water-retaining agent, a waterproof agent and fibers, wherein the components respectively account for 1.2-1.55%, 0.07-0.1%, 0.2-0.35%, 1.2-1.55% and 0.2-0.35% of the total amount of the obtained mortar.
8. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles are pretreated by VAE latex powder and a modifier in advance.
9. The novel building mortar taking iron tailing powder as a raw material according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the fiber is organic fiber, and the modifier, the water-retaining agent and the waterproof agent are respectively modified polyethylene oxide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and mortar waterproof admixture.
10. A method for preparing the construction mortar as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, weighing the required raw materials according to the test proportion and the dosage, and weighing for later use;
step two, fully wetting the polystyrene particles and the ceramic sand particles by using a modifier diluted by water and the VAE latex powder of 1/3, then adding 1/4 amount of cement, uniformly mixing and stirring, and performing aging pretreatment;
and step three, then adding the rest VAE latex powder, cement, activated iron tailing powder, fiber, water-retaining agent and waterproof agent, stirring while adding the reserved water, and fully stirring for 3-5 minutes.
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