CN116372805A

CN116372805A - Curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool

Info

Publication number: CN116372805A
Application number: CN202310324980.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩艳君; 常迅川; 张海阳; 陈磊; 江亮; 钱林茂
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2023-03-30
Filing date: 2023-03-30
Publication date: 2023-07-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool which comprises a tool handle, an air bag clamping part and a displacement mechanism. The center of the knife handle is provided with an air passage, and the lower end of the knife handle is provided with a spline. The air bag clamping part comprises an upper clamping part and a lower clamping part, the upper clamping part is provided with an upper supporting plate and an upper pressing plate, and the upper supporting plate and the upper pressing plate are matched to clamp the upper end of the air bag together; the lower clamping part is provided with a lower supporting plate and a lower pressing plate which are matched to clamp the lower end of the air bag together; the lower support plate is provided with a spline groove, and the lower support plate is connected with the upper clamping part and the lower clamping part of the air bag through spline fit with the cutter handle. The lower support plate is connected with the displacement mechanism. The displacement mechanism realizes the curvature adjustment of the air bag by adjusting the distance between the upper clamping part and the lower clamping part. The lower pressing plate is connected with the sealing end cover to jointly realize the integral sealing of the air bag. The invention solves the problems that the existing spherical air bag has poor polishing effect in a zero-speed zone, the curvature of the existing wheel type air bag is not adjustable, and the like.

Description

Curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of airbag polishing, in particular to a curvature-adjustable wheel type airbag polishing tool.

Background

The development of modern information technology, aerospace technology and many civil high-tech products are not separated from the development of optical technology. The optical parts are increasingly used in satellite optical systems, laser gyroscopes, cameras, medical instruments and other products. However, the optical parts are widely used, and meanwhile, extremely high requirements are also put on the machining precision and the surface quality of the optical parts, and the surface quality requirements are improved from an optical grade surface to an ultra-smooth grade optical surface.

In order to obtain the high-precision optical surface, a plurality of novel processing methods are innovated, wherein the airbag polishing can adapt to the complex surface shape, and the method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and the like, and is an optical polishing method with great development potential. The air bag polishing head is a core component of the air bag polishing technology and plays a decisive role in realizing the ultra-smooth optical surface of the optical part.

At present, a spherical air bag is generally adopted as a polishing head at home and abroad, and is characterized in that the rubber matrix of the air bag is a spherical crown. Because the rubber matrix and the polishing sample piece are subjected to direct sliding friction, the polishing pad is extremely easy to generate heat, wear and lose efficacy, and therefore, when the polishing pad is used, the surface of the air bag is required to be stuck with a polishing pad such as wear-resistant polyurethane or damping ratio and the like to be in sliding contact with the workpiece to be polished.

In addition, when in use, the cavity of the air bag is filled with air and maintains constant pressure, and the air bag and the polishing pad form a flexible polishing tool with certain contact rigidity under the action of internal air pressure. During polishing, polishing liquid needs to be added into a polishing contact area, abrasive particles in the polishing liquid are embedded into pits on the surface of a polishing pad and move relative to a workpiece along with the rotation of an air bag, so that the material removal of a processing surface is realized.

The spherical air bag has the advantages of simple structure, stable removal and high efficiency. However, a problem cannot be avoided, namely, the closer the balloon is to the tool axis during rotation, the lower the linear velocity is, which is unfavorable for removing polishing materials, and particularly, a zero-velocity region exists at the intersection of the spherical balloon tool axis and the balloon. Therefore, when the spherical air bag is used, the tool axis is usually at a certain inclination angle with the normal direction of the contact point on the workpiece to be polished, so that the zero-speed area is avoided. The low linear velocity region on the spherical air bag is unfavorable for the curved surface with larger change of the polishing curvature of the spherical air bag, and in the polishing process, in order to keep stable polishing removal, the contact state between the air bag and the workpiece needs to be planned finely. The method not only increases the risk of physical interference of tools and workpieces, but also greatly increases the planning and control difficulty of polishing postures and movement speeds.

In order to achieve polishing of the balloon contact area at a near linear velocity, some scholars have proposed wheeled balloons. Patent publication number CN213828472U discloses a novel airbag polishing device; patent publication number CN110497287a discloses a single motor double-degree-of-freedom variable-speed wheel type airbag polishing device; patent publication number CN103465131a discloses a pneumatic continuously adjustable wheel type airbag polishing device with double degrees of freedom.

The prior art includes the following problems:

1. the existing wheel type air bag polishing tool comprises a frame, a power input device, a transmission device, a pneumatic device and a wheel type air bag, and is complex in structure and inconvenient to install and use with an existing machine tool. Furthermore, the published patent lacks a detailed wheel-type air bag securing attachment scheme.

2. Existing wheeled airbags lack specialized airbag curvature adjustment functions. The published wheel type air bag can only adjust the air pressure in the air bag to realize the adjustment in a limited range, and the adjustment inevitably changes the rigidity of the air bag, influences polishing consistency, and leads to the fact that the air bag with different curvatures needs to be replaced when a plurality of complex workpieces with multiple curvatures are processed, so that the whole air bag can be in optimal contact with a processing surface, thereby completing a high-quality polishing process, and leading to low processing efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool, which solves the problems existing in the use process of the existing wheel type air bag by arranging an air bag clamping mechanism and a curvature adjusting mechanism.

In order to achieve the technical purpose and the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a wheeled gasbag polishing tool of camber adjustable, includes the handle of a knife, the air flue is seted up at the handle of a knife center, and the spline is seted up to the handle of a knife lower extreme. The middle lower part of the knife handle is provided with an upper clamping part, and the upper clamping part comprises an upper pressing plate and an upper supporting plate which are matched with each other to clamp the upper end of the air bag. The spline is connected with a lower clamping part, and the lower clamping part comprises a lower pressing plate and a lower supporting plate, and the lower pressing plate and the lower supporting plate are matched with the lower end of the clamping air bag. The lower end of the tool handle is provided with a displacement mechanism which is connected with the lower supporting plate to drive the lower clamping part to move up and down along the spline, so as to change the curvature of the air bag. And a sealing cover is arranged below the lower supporting plate.

Preferably, a spline groove is formed in the lower support plate, and the spline groove is matched with the spline, so that the lower support plate can only move up and down along the spline and does not rotate relative to the cutter handle.

Preferably, the displacement mechanism may be driven electrically or manually, such as: electric push rod driving, electric screw rod driving and manual screw rod driving.

Preferably, the displacement mechanism is driven by an electric push rod, the lower end of the knife handle is connected with the upper end of the electric push rod, the lower end of the electric push rod is connected with a supporting frame, and the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the lower supporting plate. The electric push rod drives the lower supporting part to move up and down along the spline, so that the curvature of the air bag is changed. The electric push rod does not move after the curvature of the air bag is adjusted. And the knife handle is provided with a conductive slip ring for supplying power to the electric push rod. The conductive slip ring rotor is fixed on the cutter handle, and the stator is fixed with external equipment to prevent wires from winding.

Preferably, the displacement mechanism is driven by an electric screw rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the tool handle, the threaded hole is matched with the screw rod, the screw rod is connected with a motor, and the motor is fixed on the lower support plate through a motor seat. The motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the screw rod moves up and down in the threaded hole, and then the lower support plate moves up and down along the spline, and the curvature of the air bag is changed. The motor does not rotate after the curvature of the air bag is adjusted. And the knife handle is provided with a conductive slip ring for supplying power to the motor. The conductive slip ring rotor is fixed on the cutter handle, and the stator is fixed with external equipment to prevent wires from winding.

Preferably, the displacement mechanism is driven by a manual screw rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the cutter handle, the threaded hole is matched with the screw rod, a screw rod cap is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod, a bearing is sleeved outside the screw rod cap, the bearing is fixed on a bearing seat through a baffle ring, and the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the lower supporting plate. The outer diameter of the screw cap is larger than the diameter of the bearing inner ring. When the screw cap is rotated by the tool, the moment on the screw cap can be transmitted to the lower support plate through the bearing and the bearing seat, so that the lower support plate moves up and down along the spline, and the curvature of the air bag is changed. And a locking plate is arranged below the screw cap to prevent the change of the curvature of the air bag caused by the rotation of the screw in the operation process of the air bag.

Preferably, the air bag is provided with a bulge respectively at the upper part and the lower part, the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are provided with concave rings, and the bulge is matched with the concave rings, so that the air bag is fixed firmly and is airtight, and meanwhile, the air bag is convenient to replace later.

Preferably, the air bag is made of rubber matrix material, and a polishing pad such as wear-resistant polyurethane or damping cloth is stuck on the surface of the air bag during use.

Preferably, the upper end of the air passage penetrates through the knife handle, the radial opening at the lower end of the air passage is communicated with the air bag, and the air bag is inflated and deflated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses a curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool which can be adjusted in place without taking the tool off a tool handle. The curvature of the air bag is regulated by adopting a mechanical structure, and compared with the traditional wheel type air bag which adopts an internal air pressure regulation mode, the curvature regulation range is larger, and the curvature control is more accurate and easier; compared with a wheel type air bag with the curvature of the air bag not being adjustable, the invention has the advantages of lower processing cost, better processing universality and stronger adaptability to complex surfaces. (three modes)

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric putter for use with a curvature adjustable wheeled airbag polishing tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a curvature adjustable wheeled airbag polishing tool employing a manual lead screw according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool using an electric screw according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tool shank according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower support plate according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a view showing a use scenario of a curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a knife handle; 101. an airway; 2. an air bag; 201. a protrusion; 3. an upper clamping part; 301. an upper press plate; 302. an upper support plate; 4. a lower clamping part; 401. a lower pressing plate; 402. a lower support plate; 5. sealing cover; 6. a concave ring; 7. a spline; 701. spline grooves;

9. a displacement mechanism; 91. an electric push rod; 92. a support frame; 901. a threaded hole; 902. a screw rod; 903. a screw cap; 904. a locking plate; 905. a bearing; 906. a baffle ring; 907. a bearing seat; 9003. a motor; 9004. a motor base; 20. a conductive slip ring; 21. and (5) conducting wires.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, a curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool comprises a tool handle 1, wherein an air passage 101 is formed in the center of the tool handle 1, the upper end of the air passage 101 penetrates through the tool handle 1, a radial hole at the lower end is communicated with an air bag 2, the air bag 2 is inflated and deflated, and a spline 7 is formed at the lower end of the tool handle 1. The middle lower part of the knife handle 1 is provided with an upper clamping part 3, and the upper clamping part 3 comprises an upper pressing plate 301 and an upper supporting plate 302 which are matched with each other to clamp the upper end of the air bag 2. The spline 7 is connected with a lower clamping part 4, and the lower clamping part 4 comprises a lower pressing plate 401 and a lower supporting plate 402, and the lower pressing plate 401 and the lower supporting plate are matched with the lower end of the clamping air bag 2. The air bag 2 is provided with a bulge 201 at the upper and lower parts, the upper pressing plate 301 and the lower pressing plate 401 are provided with concave rings 6, and the bulge 201 is matched with the concave rings 6, so that the air bag 2 is firmly fixed and airtight. A spline groove 701 is formed in the lower support plate 402, and the spline groove 701 is matched with the spline 7, so that the lower support plate 402 can only move up and down along the spline 7 without rotation.

The lower end of the tool handle 1 is provided with a displacement mechanism 9, the displacement mechanism 9 is connected with the lower support plate 402, and drives the lower clamping part 4 to move up and down along the spline 7, so as to change the curvature of the air bag 2. The displacement mechanism 9 is driven by an electric push rod 91, the lower end of the knife handle 1 is connected with the upper end of the electric push rod 91, the lower end of the electric push rod 91 is connected with a supporting frame 92, and the supporting frame 92 is fixedly connected with a lower supporting plate 402. The electric push rod 91 drives the lower support part 4 to move up and down along the spline 7, thereby changing the curvature of the air bag 2. The electric push rod 91 does not move after the curvature of the air bag 2 is adjusted, so that the curvature of the air bag 2 does not change in the running process of the tool. The knife handle 1 is provided with a conductive slip ring 20 for supplying power to the electric push rod 91. The rotor of the conductive slip ring 20 is fixed on the knife handle 1, the stator is fixed with external equipment, and the wire 21 is prevented from winding.

A sealing cover 5 is arranged below the lower supporting plate 402. The sealing cover 5 is in threaded connection with the lower support plate 402, so that the device is ensured not to leak air. And a hexagonal concave is arranged below the sealing cover 5, so that the sealing cover is convenient to detach and install by using a hexagonal wrench.

In this embodiment, the air bag 2 is made of a rubber matrix, and a damping cloth polishing pad is adhered to the surface of the air bag 2. The knife handle 1, the upper supporting plate 302, the upper pressing plate 301, the lower pressing plate 401, the lower supporting plate 402 and the supporting frame 92 are fixedly connected through bolts.

In this embodiment, the use process of the curvature-adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool is as follows:

when in use, the tool is connected to the machine tool, the air passage 101 is connected with an external air source, a certain amount of air is firstly filled into the air bag 2, and after the required air pressure is reached, the air filling is stopped. The appropriate curvature of the air bag 2 is adjusted, and then the machine tool is started for polishing operation.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, a curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool is provided based on example 1. The displacement mechanism 9 is driven by an electric screw rod, a threaded hole 901 is formed in the center of the lower end of the tool handle 1, the threaded hole 901 is matched with the screw rod 902, the screw rod 902 is connected with a motor 9003, and the motor 9003 is fixed on the lower support plate 402 through a motor seat 9004. The motor 9003 drives the screw rod 902 to rotate, so that the screw rod 902 moves up and down in the threaded hole 901, and further, the lower support plate 402 moves up and down along the spline 7, and the curvature of the air bag 2 is changed. The motor 9003 does not rotate after the curvature of the balloon 2 is adjusted. The knife handle 1 is provided with a conductive slip ring 20 for supplying power to the motor 9003. The rotor of the conductive slip ring 20 is fixed on the cutter handle, the stator is fixed with external equipment, and the wire 21 is prevented from winding.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, a curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool is provided based on example 1. The displacement mechanism 9 is driven by a manual screw rod, a threaded hole 901 is formed in the center of the lower end of the tool handle 1, the threaded hole 901 is matched with the screw rod 902, the lower end of the screw rod 901 is connected with a fixed screw rod cap 903, a bearing 905 is sleeved outside the screw rod cap 903, the bearing 905 is fixed on a bearing seat 907 through a baffle ring 906, and the bearing seat 907 is fixedly connected with the lower support plate 402. The outer diameter of the screw cap 903 is larger than the diameter of the inner ring of the bearing 905. The locking plate 904 is arranged below the screw cap 903, a cross concave is arranged on the screw cap 903, a cross convex is arranged on one side of the locking plate 904, a cross concave is arranged on the other side of the locking plate 904, and the cross concave of the screw cap 903 is matched with the cross convex of the locking plate 904.

When the locking plate 904 is rotated by a tool, the locking plate 904 drives the screw cap 903 to synchronously rotate, and the moment on the screw cap 903 can be transmitted to the lower support plate 402 through the bearing 905 and the bearing seat 907, so that the lower support plate 402 moves up and down along the spline 7, and the curvature of the air bag 2 is changed. After the curvature of the air bag 2 is adjusted, the screw cap 903 is fixed by the locking plate 904, so that the change of the curvature of the air bag caused by the rotation of the screw 902 in the running process of the air bag 2 is prevented.

In this embodiment, the locking plate 904 has three circular arc grooves in a circumferential array, and three screw holes are uniformly formed in the baffle ring, and after the curvature of the air bag 2 is adjusted properly, the locking plate is screwed and fixed by screws through the circular arc grooves in the screw holes.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A curvature adjustable wheeled airbag polishing tool, comprising: the tool comprises a tool handle, wherein an air passage is formed in the tool handle, a spline is formed below the tool handle, an upper clamping part and a lower clamping part are arranged on the tool handle, the upper clamping part is used for fixing the upper end of an air bag, and the lower clamping part is used for fixing the lower end of the air bag;

the lower end of the knife handle is provided with a displacement mechanism, and the displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the lower clamping part, so that the lower clamping part moves up and down along the spline, and the curvature of the air bag is changed.

2. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper clamping part comprises an upper pressing plate and an upper supporting plate, and the lower clamping part comprises a lower pressing plate and a lower supporting plate.

3. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 1, wherein: the driving mode of the displacement mechanism comprises but is not limited to an electric screw rod, a manual screw rod and an electric push rod.

4. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 3, wherein: the displacement mechanism is driven by an electric push rod, the electric push rod is respectively connected with the lower end of the cutter handle and the supporting frame, the supporting frame is driven to move up and down, and the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the lower supporting plate.

5. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 3, wherein: the displacement mechanism is driven by an electric screw rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the cutter handle, the threaded hole is matched with the screw rod, the screw rod is connected with a motor, and the motor is fixed on the lower support plate through a motor seat.

6. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 3, wherein: the displacement mechanism is driven by a manual screw rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the cutter handle, the threaded hole is matched with the screw rod, a screw rod cap is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod, a bearing is sleeved outside the screw rod cap, the bearing is fixed on a bearing seat through a baffle ring, the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the lower support plate, the outer diameter of the screw rod cap is larger than the diameter of an inner ring of the bearing, and a locking plate is arranged below the screw rod cap.

7. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a spline groove is formed in the lower support plate and matched with the spline, so that the lower support plate can only move up and down along the spline and does not rotate relative to the cutter handle.

8. A curvature adjustable wheel type air bag polishing tool as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower parts of the air bag are respectively provided with a bulge, the upper and lower pressing plates are provided with concave rings, and the bulge is matched with the concave rings.