CN116368001A - Laminate, optical member with laminate, and image display device - Google Patents
Laminate, optical member with laminate, and image display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116368001A CN116368001A CN202280006950.8A CN202280006950A CN116368001A CN 116368001 A CN116368001 A CN 116368001A CN 202280006950 A CN202280006950 A CN 202280006950A CN 116368001 A CN116368001 A CN 116368001A
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- functional layer
- laminate
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/18—Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a laminate, an optical member with the laminate, and an image display device, which can realize excellent sliding performance whether the user's finger is wetted by sweat or the user's finger is not wetted by sweat. The laminate according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the laminate has a static friction coefficient and a dynamic friction coefficient of 0.13 or less on the surface of the functional layer measured by a contact wetted with artificial sweat specified in JIS L0848 in a specific friction test by surface contact according to the Bowden method.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a laminate, an optical member including the laminate, and an image display device.
Background
Image display devices that double as touch panel type input devices, such as smart phones and tablet Personal Computers (PCs), are widely used. In such an image display device, a laminate including functional layers according to the application is typically used. As a laminate, for example, a hard coat film having a hard coat layer provided on one surface side of a transparent base film is known (for example, patent document 1).
In recent years, the use environments of image display devices that double as touch panel type input devices are diversified. For example, when using a smart phone during exercise or the like, the smart phone is sometimes operated in a state where the user's finger is wetted with sweat.
However, if the hard coat film described in patent document 1 is used for the front panel of the image display device, there is a limit to improvement of the sliding property of the finger in both cases where the finger of the user is wetted with sweat and where the finger of the user is not wetted, and there is a concern that the operability of the image display device becomes insufficient.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 5157819
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a laminate, an optical member with the laminate, and an image display device, which can achieve excellent sliding properties regardless of whether the user's finger is wetted with sweat or the user's finger is not wetted with sweat.
Means for solving the problems
The laminate according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the laminate has a static friction coefficient and a dynamic friction coefficient of 0.13 or less on the surface of the functional layer, both measured by a friction test described below using a contact wetted with artificial sweat prescribed in JIS L0848, in which the functional layer is provided on one side in the thickness direction of the substrate.
(Friction test)
The laminated body is arranged in an automatic friction and abrasion analysis device; step 1, bringing the contact into contact with the surface of the functional layer at a load of 200 g; step 2, moving the contact at a speed of 1.7mm/s for 50mm, and measuring static friction force and dynamic friction force of the surface of the functional layer; step 3, separating the contact from the surface of the functional layer and returning the contact to an initial position; and repeating the step 1, the step 2 and the step 3 for 5 times in sequence, calculating the static friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer according to the static friction force of the surface of the functional layer, and calculating the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer according to the dynamic friction force of the surface of the functional layer.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the surface force of the laminate is 110 μn or less as measured by the surface force test described below.
(surface force test)
The laminate is set in a surface force measuring device provided with a probe having a surface layer formed of polydimethylsiloxane; the probe is disposed at an initial position so that the surface of the functional layer contacts the surface layer. If the probe is in contact with the functional layer, in the case of a substance having high adhesion such as polydimethylsiloxane, a phenomenon (wetting) occurs in which the probe is pulled down when in contact. The time at which this wetting occurred was used as a reference for determining that the sample was in contact with the probe. Then, after the pull-in displacement amount of the probe is set to zero, the probe is moved in a direction away from the laminate, and an absolute value of the surface force of the laminate is calculated from a minimum value of a load applied to the probe when the surface layer is away from the surface of the functional layer.
In one embodiment, the carbon element ratio of the functional layer surface is 50 at% or less, and the fluorine element ratio of the functional layer surface is 30 at% or more.
In one embodiment, in the C1s spectrum obtained by measuring the surface of the functional layer by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 293eV to 295eV is 30 area% or more with respect to the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 280eV to 300eV, and the area of peaks in the range of 293eV to 294eV is 1.5 to 2.5 inclusive with respect to the area of peaks in the range of 294eV to 295 eV.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the static friction coefficients before and after the sliding property test described below and the absolute value of the difference between the dynamic friction coefficients before and after the sliding property test described below are each 0.02 or less.
(sliding test)
Setting the laminate in a sliding property test device; wetting the surface of the functional layer with the artificial sweat, and bringing a contact formed of a rubber material into contact with the surface of the functional layer with a load of 2 kg; next, the contact was reciprocated 1000 times in the range of 50mm at a speed of 66.7 mm/s.
In one embodiment, the coefficient of dynamic friction before the sliding property test is greater than the coefficient of dynamic friction after the sliding property test.
In one embodiment, the functional layer includes an anti-fingerprint layer located on the outermost surface of the functional layer, and the anti-fingerprint layer is formed of a vapor deposited film of a fluorosilane compound.
The laminated optical member according to another aspect of the present invention includes: the laminate, and an optical member disposed on the opposite side of the substrate from the functional layer.
An image display device according to still another aspect of the present invention includes the above laminate as a front panel.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the embodiments of the present invention, excellent sliding properties can be achieved regardless of whether the user's finger is wetted with sweat or the user's finger is not wetted with sweat.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a friction test.
Fig. 4 (a) to 4 (c) are explanatory views for explaining the surface force test, in which fig. 4 (a) shows a state in which the probe is disposed at the initial position, fig. 4 (b) shows a state in which the probe is moved upward from the initial position, and fig. 4 (c) shows a state in which the surface layer of the probe is separated from the surface of the functional layer.
Fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the sliding property test, in which fig. 5 (a) shows a state in which the contact is reciprocated, and fig. 5 (b) shows a friction test after the sliding property test.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results (friction coefficient) of a friction test using a dry contact.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the results (coefficient of friction) of a friction test using a contact wetted with artificial sweat.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the difference between the friction coefficients before and after the sliding test using artificial sweat.
Symbol description
1. Laminate body
2. Substrate material
3. Functional layer
Surface of 3a functional layer
4. Automatic friction and abrasion analysis device
41. Contact head
5. Surface force measuring device
51. Probe with a probe tip
51a surface layer
6. Slidability test device
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
A. Integral construction of laminate
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a friction test.
The laminated body 1 illustrated in the drawing includes: a base material 2, and a functional layer 3 disposed on one side in the thickness direction of the base material 2. The surface 3a of the functional layer 3 on the opposite side from the base material 2 is located on the outermost surface of the laminate 1.
In the friction test described below, in which the laminate 1 is in surface contact by the bowden method, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface 3a of the functional layer measured using a contact that is wetted with artificial sweat prescribed in JIS L0848 are both 0.13 or less, preferably 0.11 or less.
(Friction test)
The laminate 1 is set in an automatic friction and wear analysis device 4; step 1, bringing the contact 41 into contact with the surface 3a of the functional layer under a load of 200 g; in step 2, the contact 41 was moved at a speed of 1.7mm/s by 50mm, and the static friction force and the dynamic friction force of the surface 3a of the functional layer were measured; as step 3, the contact 41 is separated from the surface 3a of the functional layer and returned to the initial position; the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd steps are repeated in sequence 5 times, the static friction coefficient of the surface 3a of the functional layer is calculated according to the static friction force of the surface 3a of the functional layer, and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface 3a of the functional layer is calculated according to the dynamic friction force of the surface 3a of the functional layer. Details of the friction test will be described in examples described later.
In the laminate, the static friction coefficient (hereinafter, referred to as μs) of the surface of the functional layer measured by the contact wetted with artificial sweat in the friction test described above Artificial sweat ) Coefficient of dynamic friction (hereinafter referred to as μk) Artificial sweat ) All of which are below the upper limit. Therefore, when the user's finger is wetted with sweat, excellent sliding properties can be achieved. Note that, μs Artificial sweat Mu k Artificial sweat The lower limit of each is typically 0.05 or more.
In addition, the static friction coefficient of the surface 3a of the functional layer obtained by measurement using the dry contact in the friction test (hereinafter referred to as μs Xiewu (Chinese character) ) Coefficient of dynamic friction (hereinafter referred to as μk) Xiewu (Chinese character) ) All are 0.15 or less, preferably 0.13 or less, more preferably 0.11 or less. Therefore, excellent sliding properties can be achieved even when the user's finger is not wetted with sweat. Note that, μs Xiewu (Chinese character) Mu k Xiewu (Chinese character) Lower limit generation of eachThe content is 0.05 or more in the appearance.
In one embodiment, μs Artificial sweat Relative to μs Xiewu (Chinese character) Ratio (mu s) Artificial sweat /μs Xiewu (Chinese character) ) For example, 0.7 or more, preferably 0.8 or more, and for example, 1.2 or less, preferably 1.1 or less. Mu s Artificial sweat /μs Xiewu (Chinese character) When the range is within the above range, even if the user's finger is wetted with sweat, the slidability equivalent to the case where the finger is not wetted can be stably achieved.
In one embodiment, μk Artificial sweat Relative to μk Xiewu (Chinese character) Ratio (μk) Artificial sweat /μk Xiewu (Chinese character) ) For example, 0.8 or more, preferably 0.9 or more, and for example, 1.3 or less, preferably 1.2 or less. μk Artificial sweat /μk Xiewu (Chinese character) When the range is within the above range, even if the user's finger is wetted with sweat, the slidability equivalent to the case where the finger is not wetted can be more stably achieved.
Fig. 4 (a) to 4 (c) are explanatory views for explaining the surface force test.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the surface force of the laminate 1 measured by the surface force test described below is 110 μn or less, preferably 105 μn or less.
(surface force test)
The laminate 1 is set in a surface force measuring device 5 provided with a probe 51, the probe 51 having a surface layer 51a formed of polydimethylsiloxane; the probe 51 is arranged at the initial position so that the surface 3a of the functional layer contacts the surface layer 51a; next, the probe 51 is moved in a direction away from the laminate 1, and the absolute value of the surface force of the laminate is calculated from the minimum value of the load applied to the probe 51 when the surface layer 51a is away from the surface 3a of the functional layer. The details of the surface force test will be described in examples described later.
When the surface force of the laminate 1 measured by the surface force test is equal to or less than the upper limit, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the functional layer surface can be stably adjusted to the above ranges. The absolute value of the surface force of the laminate is typically 80 μn or more.
In one embodiment, the carbon element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is 50 at% or less, preferably 40 at% or less, and the fluorine element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is 30 at% or more. The element ratio of the surface of the functional layer can be measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA). Details of the element ratio measurement will be described in examples described later.
When the carbon element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is equal to or less than the upper limit and the fluorine element ratio is equal to or more than the lower limit, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer can be adjusted to the above ranges more stably. The carbon element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is typically 20 atomic% or more, and the fluorine element ratio is typically 50 atomic% or less.
The nitrogen element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is, for example, less than 1.5 atomic%, preferably 1.3 atomic% or less, and is, for example, 0 atomic% or more. When the nitrogen element ratio of the surface 3a of the functional layer is equal to or less than the upper limit, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer can be adjusted to the above ranges more stably.
In one embodiment, in the C1s spectrum obtained by measuring the surface 3a of the functional layer by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 293eV to 295eV is 30 area% or more with respect to the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 280eV to 300eV, and the area of peaks in the range of 293eV to 294eV is 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less with respect to the area of peaks in the range of 294eV to 295 eV. Details of C1s spectral waveform analysis will be described in examples described later.
When the ratio of the area of the peak located in the range of 293eV to 295eV in the C1s spectrum is equal to or higher than the lower limit and the area of the peak located in the range of 293eV to 294 eV/the area of the peak located in the range of 294eV to 295eV is equal to or higher than the above range, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer can be adjusted to the above ranges more stably. The area ratio of the peak located in the range of 293eV to 295eV in the C1s spectrum is typically 80 atomic% or less.
Fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the sliding property test.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the static friction coefficients before and after the sliding property test described below and the absolute value of the difference between the dynamic friction coefficients before and after the sliding property test described below are each 0.02 or less, preferably 0.01 or less.
(sliding test)
The laminate 1 is set in a sliding property test device 6; wetting the surface 3a of the functional layer with the above artificial sweat, and bringing the contact 61 formed of a rubber material into contact with the surface 3a of the functional layer with a load of 2 kg; next, the contact 61 was reciprocated 1000 times in the range of 50mm at a speed of 66.7 mm/s.
Then, the contact 41 of the automatic friction and wear analysis device 4 was wetted with the artificial sweat, and the friction test was performed.
When the absolute value of the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient before and after the sliding property test is equal to or less than the upper limit, excellent sliding property of the surface of the functional layer can be sufficiently ensured even if the surface of the functional layer is rubbed with a finger or the like by using the laminate. The absolute value of the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient before and after the sliding property test is typically 0.0001 or more.
The coefficient of dynamic friction before the sliding property test is preferably larger than the coefficient of dynamic friction after the sliding property test. With such a configuration, the slidability of the surface of the functional layer can be improved with the use of the laminate.
B. Substrate material
The substrate 2 may be composed of any suitable transparent resin. Specific examples of the transparent resin include polyethylene terephthalate resins, polyethylene naphthalate resins, acetate resins, polyethersulfone resins, polycarbonate resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, polyolefin resins, (meth) acrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinylidene chloride resins, polystyrene resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyarylate resins, and polyphenylene sulfide resins. These resins may be used alone or in combination.
Among the transparent resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins and polyimide resins are preferable.
The thickness of the base material 2 is, for example, 40 μm or more, preferably 50 μm or more, and is, for example, 100 μm or less, preferably 80 μm or less.
C. Functional layer
The functional layer 3 is appropriately provided according to the performance required in accordance with the use of the laminate 1. The functional layer 3 is not particularly limited as long as the surface 3a of the functional layer 3 has the above-described characteristics and/or configuration.
Examples of the functional layer 3 include: hard coating, anti-reflection layer, anti-fingerprint layer and conductive layer. The functional layer 3 may be a single layer or may be formed by stacking a plurality of layers.
The functional layer 3 shown in fig. 1 is a hard coat layer 31, and the surface of the hard coat layer 31 opposite to the substrate 2 corresponds to the surface 3a.
The hard coat layer 31 may be formed typically as follows: the hard coat coating agent is applied to form a coating layer, and the coating layer is cured by irradiation with an active energy ray (for example, ultraviolet ray). The coating agent for hard coating contains an active energy ray-curable (meth) acrylate as a base resin. Examples of the active energy ray-curable (meth) acrylate include: ultraviolet-curable (meth) acrylates and electron beam-curable (meth) acrylates are preferable. The ultraviolet curable (meth) acrylate includes ultraviolet curable monomers, oligomers, polymers, and the like. The ultraviolet curable (meth) acrylate preferably contains a monomer component having 2 or more ultraviolet polymerizable functional groups, more preferably 3 to 6, and an oligomer component. Typically, a photopolymerization initiator is blended in an ultraviolet curable (meth) acrylate. The curing method may be a radical polymerization method or a cationic polymerization method. In the present specification, (meth) acrylate means acrylate and/or methacrylate.
The coating agent for hard coat may further contain any appropriate additive according to purposes. Examples of the additive include: photopolymerization initiator, leveling agent, anti-blocking agent, dispersion stabilizer, thixotropic agent, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, defoamer, tackifier, dispersant, surfactant, catalyst, filler, lubricant and antistatic agent. The kind, combination, content, etc. of the additives contained may be appropriately set according to the purpose, desired characteristics, etc.
The irradiation amount (cumulative light amount) of the active energy ray (e.g., ultraviolet ray) is, for example, 150mJ/cm 2 ～400mJ/cm 2 . The coating layer may be heated before irradiation with active energy rays, as needed. The heating temperature is, for example, 70 to 160℃and the heating time is, for example, 1 to 4 minutes.
The thickness of the hard coat layer is, for example, 3 μm or more and 20 μm or less.
The functional layer 3 shown in fig. 2 includes: the hard coat layer 31, the antireflection layer 32 disposed on the side of the hard coat layer 31 opposite to the substrate 2, and the antireflection layer 33 disposed on the side of the antireflection layer 32 opposite to the substrate 2, the surface of the antireflection layer 33 opposite to the antireflection layer 32 being located on the outermost surface of the functional layer 3, corresponding to the surface 3a of the functional layer 3.
Any suitable structure may be used for the structure of the antireflection layer 32. As a representative configuration of the antireflection layer 32, there is given: (1) A single layer of a low refractive index layer having an optical film thickness of 120nm to 140nm and a refractive index of about 1.35 to 1.55; (2) A laminate having a medium refractive index layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer; (3) An alternating multilayer stack of high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers.
Examples of the material capable of forming the low refractive index layer include: silicon oxide (SiO) 2 ) Magnesium fluoride (MgF) 2 ). The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is typically about 1.35 to 1.55. Examples of the material capable of forming the high refractive index layer include: titanium oxide (TiO) 2 ) Niobium oxide (Nb) 2 O 3 Or Nb (Nb) 2 O 5 ) Tin doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony doped tin oxide (ATO), zrO 2 -TiO 2 . The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is typically about 1.60 to 2.20. Examples of the material capable of forming the medium refractive index layer include: titanium oxide (TiO) 2 ) A mixture of a material that can form a low refractive index layer and a material that can form a high refractive index layer (for example, a mixture of titanium oxide and silicon oxide). The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer is typically about 1.50 to 1.85. The thicknesses of the low refractive index layer, the medium refractive index layer, and the high refractive index layer may be set to achieve an appropriate optical film thickness corresponding to the layer structure of the antireflection layer, desired antireflection performance, and the like.
The anti-reflection layer 32 is typically formed by a dry process. Specific examples of the dry process include PVD (physical vapor deposition ) method and CVD (chemical vapor deposition, chemical Vapor Deposition) method. Examples of the PVD method include vacuum vapor deposition, reactive vapor deposition, ion beam assisted deposition, sputtering, and ion plating. The CVD method may be a plasma CVD method. The dry process of forming the anti-reflection layer 32 is preferably a sputtering method.
The thickness of the antireflection layer 32 is, for example, 20nm to 300nm.
Any suitable structure may be used as the structure of the fingerprint-preventing layer 33. The finger-proof layer 33 is typically formed of an evaporated film of a fluorosilane compound. Examples of the fluorosilane compound include: alkoxysilane compounds having a perfluoropolyether group. The fingerprint-preventing layer 33 is typically formed by the vapor deposition method described above, preferably by a vacuum vapor deposition method.
The thickness of the fingerprint-preventing layer 33 is, for example, 1nm to 50nm.
D. Optical member with laminate and image display device
The laminate according to any one of items A to C may be used as it is on the visible side of the optical member. Accordingly, one embodiment of the present invention also includes an optical member having a laminate layer and an optical member. The optical member is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate from the functional layer. Typical examples of the optical member include a polarizing plate and a phase difference plate.
In addition, such an optical member with a laminate can be applied to an image display device. Accordingly, one embodiment of the present invention also includes an image display device using such an optical member with a laminate. The image display device typically doubles as a touch panel type input device. As typical examples of the image display device, a liquid crystal display device and an organic EL display device are given. An image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention typically includes the above-described laminate as a front panel. The image display device includes an image display panel. The image display panel includes an image display unit. The image display device is sometimes referred to as an optical display device, the image display panel is sometimes referred to as an optical display panel, and the image display unit is sometimes referred to as an optical display unit.
Examples
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The measurement method of each characteristic is as follows.
(1) Friction test
As shown in fig. 3, the laminate 1 obtained in each example and each comparative example was set in an automatic friction and wear analysis device 4 (trade name TSf-503, manufactured by kogaku corporation, surface contact by bowden's method). Specifically, the laminate 1 is horizontally placed on a table (not shown) of the automatic friction and wear analysis device 4 so that the surface 3a of the functional layer is an upper surface.
Next, 64 μl of artificial sweat prescribed in JIS L0848 was immersed in the contact 41 (trade name Anticon Gold Super Sorb,9 inches square, bulk (AP)) of the automatic friction and wear analysis device 4, or the artificial sweat was kept in a dry state without being immersed therein (no in table 1). The material of the contact 41 is polyester fiber, and the density of the contact 41 is 23.5g/cm 3 The dimensions of the contact 41 are 1cm in the longitudinal direction by 1cm in the transverse direction by 0.56mm in thickness.
Next, as step 1, the contact 41 (the contact 41 wetted with artificial sweat or the contact 41 dried) was brought into contact with the surface 3a of the functional layer at a load of 200 g. Specifically, the contact 41 is held by the holder 42 of the automatic friction and wear analysis device 4, the contact 41 is sandwiched between the holder 42 and the surface 3a of the functional layer, and the contact 41 is pressed against the surface 3a of the functional layer by the holder 42 under the load.
Next, as step 2, the contact 41 was moved by 50mm at a speed of 1.7mm/s along the longitudinal direction of the laminate 1 in a state pressed against the surface 3a of the functional layer, and the static friction force and the dynamic friction force of the surface 3a of the functional layer were measured.
Next, as step 3, the holder 42 is moved upward, and the contact 41 is separated from the surface 3a of the functional layer and returned to the initial position before step 1.
Then, the 1 st step, the 2 nd step and the 3 rd step are repeated in this order 5 times, the static friction coefficient μs of the surface 3a of the functional layer is calculated from the average value of the static friction forces of the surface 3a of the functional layer measured in the 2 nd step, and the dynamic friction coefficient μk of the surface 3a of the functional layer is calculated from the average value of the dynamic friction forces of the surface of the functional layer measured in the 2 nd step.
Further, the maximum friction coefficient μk is calculated from the dynamic friction force of the surface of the functional layer measured in step 2 max Minimum coefficient of friction μk min Calculate the maximum friction coefficient mu k max With minimum friction coefficient mu k min The difference mu kw.
In addition, the coefficient of static friction μs in the case of using a contact wetted with artificial sweat was calculated Artificial sweat Coefficient of static friction in [ mu ] s relative to the case of using dry contacts Xiewu (Chinese character) Ratio of (2), coefficient of dynamic friction mu k in case of using artificial sweat-wetted contacts Artificial sweat Coefficient of dynamic friction μk relative to the case of using dry contacts Xiewu (Chinese character) These results are shown in table 1.
Further, regarding the results of the friction test (μs, μk) max 、μk min And μkw), the case where the dry contact is used is shown in fig. 6, and the case where the contact wetted with artificial sweat is used is shown in fig. 7.
The environmental conditions in the friction test were 30℃and 50% RH.
(2) Surface force test
As shown in fig. 4, the laminate 1 obtained in each example and each comparative example was set in a surface force measuring device 5 (trade name ENT-NEXUS, manufactured by ELIONIX corporation). Specifically, the laminate 1 is horizontally placed on the stage 52 of the surface force measuring device 5 so that the surface 3a of the functional layer is the upper surface. The surface force measuring device 5 includes a probe 51, and the probe 51 has a surface layer 51a formed of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The probe 51 is movable in the up-down direction. After a metal ball (SUJ 2) having a diameter of 1mm was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in an organic solvent (acetone) for 10 minutes, then to rinsing with pure water, and then to ultrasonic cleaning in a neutral aqueous solution for 10 minutes, rinsing with pure water was performed in this order, a single-component solvent-free dealcoholized silicone adhesive (silicone adhesive sealant for electric/electronic use, manufactured by Three Bond Co., ltd.) of polydimethylsiloxane was applied to the surface of the metal ball, thereby producing a probe 51. The surface layer 51a had elasticity, and the tensile strength E 'of the surface layer 51a was 2.2MPa and the hardness (durometer A) F' was 20. The thickness of the surface layer 51a was 1 μm.
Next, as shown in fig. 4 (a), the probe 51 is placed at the initial position, and the surface 3a of the functional layer is brought into contact with the surface layer 51a substantially without applying a load.
Next, as shown in fig. 4 (b) and 4 (c), the probe 51 is moved in a direction away from the laminate 1 (specifically, upward) at a speed of 50 μn/s, and the absolute value of the surface force is calculated from the minimum value of the load applied to the probe 51 when the surface layer 51a is separated from the surface 3a of the functional layer.
The above surface force test was repeated 3 times (n 1 to n 3), and the results are shown in table 2.
The environmental condition in the surface force test was 30℃and 50% RH.
(3) Quantitative determination of functional groups
The laminate 1 obtained in each example and each comparative example was cut out to 10mm square, and then fixed to a scanning X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy apparatus (manufactured by ULVAC-PHI Co., ltd., trade name Quantum 2000), and the outermost surface of the sample was subjected to a wide scanning measurement (X-ray source: single color AlK. Alpha., xray Setting:200 μm PHI. [15kV,30W ], photoelectron extraction angle: 45 degrees with respect to the surface of the sample, modification of bonding energy: modification of the peak from C-C bond in C1s spectrum to 285.0eV, and neutralization condition: combined use of a neutralization gun and Ar ion gun (neutralization mode)), and qualitative analysis was performed. Further, for the elements shown in table 2, narrow scan measurement was performed under the same conditions as the wide scan measurement, and the element ratio (atomic%) was calculated.
The above functional group quantitative measurement was repeated 2 times (n 1 and n 2), and the results are shown in table 2.
(4) C1s spectral waveform analysis
The C1s spectrum calculated in (3) above was subjected to waveform analysis by the peaks shown in table 2.
In the obtained C1s spectrum, peaks 1 to 7 shown in Table 2 were confirmed in the range of the bonding energy value from 280eV to 300 eV. Based on the bonding energy values, the constituent functional group components corresponding to peaks 1 to 7 were identified as shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows the ratio of the area% of each peak to the sum of the areas of peaks located in the range of 280eV to 300eV (the sum of the areas of peaks 1 to 7) and the area% of peak 6 to the area of peak 7.
(5) Slidability test
As shown in fig. 5 (a), the laminate 1 obtained in each example and each comparative example after the friction test described above was set in a sliding property test apparatus 6 (trade name 10 with a tester manufactured by kawa refiner corporation). Specifically, the laminate 1 is horizontally placed on a table (not shown) provided in the sliding property test apparatus 6 so that the surface 3a of the functional layer is an upper surface. The sliding property test apparatus 6 includes a contact 61 (trade name RUBBER test, manufactured by minoan corporation, product code 4004005007) formed of a RUBBER material, and a holder 62 holding the contact 61.
Next, the surface 3a of the functional layer was wetted with the above-mentioned artificial sweat, and the contact 61 was brought into contact with the surface 3a of the functional layer with a load of 2 kg.
Next, the contact 61 was reciprocated 1000 times in the range of 50mm at a speed of 66.7mm/s along the longitudinal direction of the laminated body 1 in a state of being pressed to the surface 3a of the functional layer. The environmental condition in the sliding property test was 25℃and 50% RH.
Next, as shown in fig. 5 (b), the laminate 1 after the sliding property test was set in the automatic friction and abrasion analysis device 4, and the contact 41 was brought into contact with the sliding trace 61a, and the static friction coefficient μs, the dynamic friction coefficient μk, and the maximum friction coefficient μk of the surface 3a of the functional layer after the sliding property test were calculated in the same manner as in the friction test described above max Minimum coefficient of friction μk min . The difference between static friction coefficients Deltaμs, dynamic friction coefficient Deltaμk and maximum friction coefficient Deltaμk before and after the sliding test max Difference between minimum friction coefficients Δμk min And Δμkw are shown in table 3.
Further, the results of the friction test before and after the sliding property test (Δμs, Δμk) max 、Δμk min And Δμkw) is shown in fig. 8.
Example 1
Preparation of coating agent A for hard coating
100 parts by mass of a polyfunctional acrylate (manufactured by Aica Kogyo Co., ltd., trade name Z-850-27 ALL), 0.5 part by mass of a leveling agent (manufactured by DIC Co., ltd., trade name GRANDIC PC-4100) and 3.9 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., ltd., trade name IRGACURE 907) as a base resin were mixed, and diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone to give a solid content concentration of 40% by mass, to prepare a coating agent A for hard coating.
Preparation of coating agent B for hard coating
100 parts by mass of a polyfunctional acrylate (manufactured by Aica Kogyo Co., ltd., trade name: Z-850-16 ALL), 0.15 part by mass of a leveling agent (manufactured by Xinyue chemical Co., ltd., trade name: KY-1203) and 3 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., ltd., trade name: IRGACURE 127) as a base resin were mixed, and diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone to give a solid content concentration of 50% by mass, to prepare a coating agent B for hard coating.
< fabrication of laminate >)
A coating layer was formed by applying a coating agent A to one surface of a transparent polyimide film (trade name CPITMC_80, thickness 80 μm) as a base material, and the coating layer was heated together with the transparent polyimide film at 120℃for 1 minute. Next, a high-pressure mercury lamp was used to accumulate 200mJ/cm of light 2 The coating layer is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, thereby forming a hard coat layer (HC) a as a functional layer. The thickness of the hard coat layer A was 5. Mu.m.
Next, a coating layer was formed by applying the coating agent B on the hard coat layer a, and the coating layer was heated at 85 ℃ for 1 minute together with the transparent polyimide film. Next, a high-pressure mercury lamp was used to accumulate 250mJ/cm of light 2 The coating layer is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, thereby forming a hard coat layer (HC) B. The thickness of the hard coat layer B was 5. Mu.m.
By the above-described operations, a laminate including a transparent polyimide film (base material) and hard coat layers a and B was produced.
Example 2
< fabrication of laminate >)
A coating film was formed by applying a coating agent a for hard coating to one surface of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (trade name 50U48, thickness 50 μm, manufactured by ori corporation) as a base material. Next, the coating film is dried by heating and then cured by ultraviolet irradiation. The heating temperature was 90℃and the heating time was 60 seconds. In the ultraviolet irradiation, a high-pressure mercury lamp was used as a light source, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 365nm were used, and the cumulative irradiation light amount was set to 300mJ/cm 2 . Thus, a hard coat layer (HC) having a thickness of 5 μm was formed on the PET film.
Next, the HC layer surface of the PET film with the HC layer was subjected to plasma treatment in a vacuum atmosphere of 1.0Pa by a roll-to-roll plasma treatment apparatus. In this plasma treatment, argon gas was used as an inert gas, and the discharge power was set to 780W.
Next, an antireflection layer was formed on the HC layer of the plasma-treated PET film with the HC layer. Specifically, the HC layer is provided on the sputtering film forming apparatus of the roll-to-roll systemAn Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) layer having a thickness of 2.0nm as an adhesion layer and SiO having a thickness of 165nm as an inorganic oxide base layer were sequentially formed on the HC layer of the PET film 2 A layer. When forming the adhesion layer, an ITO target was used, and an ITO layer was formed by MFAC sputtering using argon as an inert gas and oxygen as a reactive gas in an amount of 10 parts by volume relative to 100 parts by volume of argon, setting the discharge voltage to 350V, and setting the gas pressure in the film forming chamber (film forming gas pressure) to 0.4 Pa. In the formation of the inorganic oxide underlayer, an Si target was used, 100 parts by volume of argon and 30 parts by volume of oxygen were used, the discharge voltage was set to 350V, the film formation gas pressure was set to 0.3Pa, and SiO was formed by MFAC sputtering 2 A layer.
Next, an anti-fingerprint layer is formed on the anti-reflection layer. Specifically, an anti-fingerprint layer having a thickness of 6nm was formed on the inorganic oxide base layer by vacuum vapor deposition using an alkoxysilane compound containing a perfluoropolyether group as a vapor deposition source. The vapor deposition source was a solid obtained by drying "KY1903-1" (a perfluoropolyether-group-containing alkoxysilane compound, a solid content of 20% by mass) manufactured by Xinyue chemical Co., ltd. The heating temperature of the vapor deposition source in the vacuum vapor deposition method was set to 260 ℃.
By the above-described operations, a laminate including a PET film (base material), a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer (adhesive layer and inorganic oxide base layer), and an anti-fingerprint layer was produced.
Comparative example 1
< preparation of coating agent C for hard coating >
To a resin solution (trade name uni DIC 17-806, manufactured by DIC corporation, 80 mass% in solid content concentration) obtained by dissolving a mixture of an ultraviolet curable resin monomer and an oligomer containing urethane acrylate as a main component in butyl acetate, 5 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (trade name IRGACURE 906 manufactured by BASF corporation) and 0.01 part by mass of a leveling agent (trade name GRANDIC PC4100 manufactured by DIC corporation) were added to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the solution. Cyclopentanone and propylene glycol monomethyl ether were added to the above-mentioned mixed solution at a ratio of 45:55, so that the solid content concentration in the above-mentioned solution was 36 mass%. Thus, a coating agent C for hard coat was prepared.
< fabrication of laminate >)
Next, a coating film was formed by applying a coating agent C for hard coat to a transparent plastic film substrate (cellulose triacetate film, manufactured by Konica Minolta Advanced Layer corporation, trade name KC4UY, thickness 40 μm, refractive index 1.48) as a substrate, and the thickness of the hard coat layer (HC) after curing was made to be 7.8 μm. Next, the mixture was dried at 90℃for 1 minute, and then, the cumulative light amount was 300mJ/cm by irradiation with a high-pressure mercury lamp 2 The coating film is cured by ultraviolet rays.
By the above-described operations, a laminate comprising a cellulose triacetate film (base material) and a hard coat layer was produced.
Comparative example 2
Preparation of antiglare layer-forming material
As the resin contained in the antiglare layer-forming material, 100 parts by weight of an ultraviolet-curable urethane acrylate resin (trade name uni DIC 17-806, 80% by mass of solid content, manufactured by DIC corporation) was prepared. For 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the above resin, 14 parts by mass of styrene crosslinked particles (trade name MX-350H, weight average particle diameter 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59) as antiglare layer-forming particles, 2.5 parts by mass of synthetic montmorillonite (Kunimine Industries co., ltd., trade name Smekton SAN) as an organoclay as a thixotropic agent, 5 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (BASF corporation, trade name OMNIRAD 907) and 0.5 part by mass of leveling agent (DIC corporation, trade name Megafac F-556, solid content 100%) were mixed. An antiglare layer-forming material (coating liquid) was prepared by diluting the mixture with a toluene/ethyl acetate mixed solvent (weight ratio 90/10) to a solid content concentration of 30 mass%.
< fabrication of laminate >)
Next, a transparent plastic film substrate (TAC film, manufactured by Fuji film Co., ltd., trade name TG60UL, thickness 60 μm) was prepared as a substrate. The antiglare layer-forming material (coating liquid) was applied on one surface of a transparent plastic film substrate by a bar coaterAnd (3) a film. Then, the transparent plastic film substrate on which the coating film is formed is transported to a drying step. In the drying step, the coating film was dried by heating at 110℃for 1 minute. Then, the cumulative light amount was 300mJ/cm by irradiation with a high-pressure mercury lamp 2 The coating film was cured by ultraviolet rays to form an antiglare layer having a thickness of 5.0. Mu.m.
By the above-described operations, a laminate including a TAC film (base material) and an antiglare layer was produced.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
Industrial applicability
The laminate of the present invention can be suitably used for an optical member with a laminate and an image display device (typically, a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device).
Claims (9)
1. A laminate is provided with:
substrate and method for producing the same
A functional layer arranged on one side of the substrate in the thickness direction,
in the friction test described below, which is based on the Bowden method, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer, both measured using a contact that is wetted with artificial sweat prescribed in JIS L0848, are 0.13 or less,
friction test:
the laminated body is arranged in an automatic friction and abrasion analysis device;
step 1, bringing the contact into contact with the surface of the functional layer at a load of 200 g;
step 2, moving the contact at a speed of 1.7mm/s for 50mm, and measuring static friction force and dynamic friction force of the surface of the functional layer;
as step 3, separating the contact from the surface of the functional layer and returning the contact to an initial position;
and repeating the step 1, the step 2 and the step 3 for 5 times in sequence, calculating the static friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer according to the static friction force of the surface of the functional layer, and calculating the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the functional layer according to the dynamic friction force of the surface of the functional layer.
2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein,
the absolute value of the surface force of the laminate measured by the following surface force test is 110 mu N or less,
surface force test:
the laminate is provided with a surface force measuring device provided with a probe having a surface layer formed of polydimethylsiloxane;
disposing the probe at an initial position such that a surface of the functional layer contacts the surface layer;
next, the probe is moved in a direction away from the laminate, and an absolute value of a surface force of the laminate is calculated from a minimum value of a load applied to the probe when the surface layer is away from the surface of the functional layer.
3. The laminate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the carbon element ratio of the surface of the functional layer is 50 at% or less,
the fluorine element ratio of the surface of the functional layer is 30 atomic% or more.
4. The laminate according to claim 3, wherein,
in the C1s spectrum obtained by measuring the surface of the functional layer by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,
the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 293eV to 295eV is 30 area% or more with respect to the sum of the areas of peaks in the range of 280eV to 300eV,
the area of the peak located in the range of 293eV to 294eV is 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less with respect to the area of the peak located in the range of 294eV to 295 eV.
5. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein,
the absolute value of the difference between the static friction coefficients before and after the following slip test and the absolute value of the difference between the dynamic friction coefficients before and after the following slip test are each 0.02 or less,
slidability test:
setting the laminate in a slip test apparatus;
wetting the surface of the functional layer with the artificial sweat, contacting the surface of the functional layer with a contact formed of a rubber material with a load of 2 kg;
next, the contact was reciprocated 1000 times in the range of 50mm at a speed of 66.7 mm/s.
6. The laminate according to claim 5, wherein,
the coefficient of dynamic friction before the slip test is greater than the coefficient of dynamic friction after the slip test.
7. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
the functional layer comprises an anti-fingerprint layer positioned on the outermost surface of the functional layer,
the fingerprint prevention layer is formed by vapor deposition film of fluorine-containing silane compound.
8. An optical member with a laminate, comprising:
the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and
an optical member disposed on the opposite side of the substrate from the functional layer.
9. An image display device comprising the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 as a front panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021147775A JP2023040663A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Laminate, optical member with laminate, and image display device |
| JP2021-147775 | 2021-09-10 | ||
| PCT/JP2022/025339 WO2023037705A1 (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-06-24 | Laminate, laminate-equipped optical member, and image display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116368001A true CN116368001A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280006950.8A Pending CN116368001A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-06-24 | Laminate, optical member with laminate, and image display device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2023040663A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20240066241A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN116368001A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023037705A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5157819B2 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2013-03-06 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Hard coat film |
| JP6665915B2 (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-03-13 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Base material |
| WO2019216384A1 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Multilayer body and method for producing same, and fresnel mirror and method for producing same |
| JP7428468B2 (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2024-02-06 | 日東電工株式会社 | Antireflection film, antireflection film manufacturing method, optical member, and image display device |
| JP6518374B2 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-05-22 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Active energy ray curable resin composition, laminate, method for producing the same, and article |
| CN113905883B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2024-01-05 | 大金工业株式会社 | Antifouling substrate |
-
2021
- 2021-09-10 JP JP2021147775A patent/JP2023040663A/en active Pending
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2022
- 2022-06-24 WO PCT/JP2022/025339 patent/WO2023037705A1/en unknown
- 2022-06-24 CN CN202280006950.8A patent/CN116368001A/en active Pending
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| JP2023040663A (en) | 2023-03-23 |
| KR20240066241A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
| WO2023037705A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
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