CN116367556A - Efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of solar cells and comprise the following sequentially laminated structures: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer based on a donor/multi-acceptor system, a cathode modification layer, and a cathode layer; the active layer is a blend film of an electron donor PM6 and three non-fullerene acceptors L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2; the invention utilizes the complementation of the absorption of PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2 and the optimization of L8-BO to the appearance of the active layer, so that the active layer has ideal vertical phase distribution; the quaternary organic photovoltaic cell further comprising the active layer can realize fine morphology, enhanced crystallinity, larger domain size and ideal vertical phase separation, is favorable for charge generation and transmission, reduces charge recombination, and shows a PCE of up to 19.19%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The organic photovoltaic material can directly convert solar energy or other light energy into electric energy through the photovoltaic effect, and the organic solar cell taking the organic polymer material as the photosensitive active layer has the advantages of material structure diversity, large-area low-cost printing preparation, flexibility, translucency, full transparency and the like, and is rapidly developed in recent years. Thanks to the development of high efficiency photovoltaic materials and the engineering design of intelligent devices, in particular the development and utilization of non-fullerene receptors of the Y series and the research of multicomponent strategies, the power conversion efficiency of single-junction organic photovoltaics has reached 19% with an optimal fill factor exceeding 80% (square, j.et al. Single-Junction Organic Solar Cell with over%, efficiency Using Fused-Ring Acceptor with Electron-defect core. Joule 2019,3 (4), 1140-1151.). Multicomponent strategies have proven to be a simple and effective method of achieving high efficiency (Zhang, m.et al. Single-layered organic photovoltaics with double cascading charge transport pathways:18%efficiencies.Nature Communications 2021,12 (1), 309.). In addition to high efficiency, environmental solvent treatment and large area module fabrication should be considered to meet commercial production. However, non-halogenated solvents, such as toluene, typically have long film-forming drying times, resulting in severe donor/acceptor phase separation, and thus poor device performance. Vertical phase distribution (donor enrichment of the anode and acceptor enrichment of the cathode) is a viable approach to solve the above problems, which may lead to more efficient exciton dissociation, charge transport and collection.
Presently, studies have reported that for small area devices and large area devices, a preferred vertical profile can be achieved by layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition (Wei, y. Et al, binary Organic Solar Cells Breaking 19%via Manipulating the Vertical Component Distribution.Advanced Materials 2022,34 (33), 2204718.) however, the complexity of LbL deposition limits solvent selectivity and increases processing costs. The vertical phase distribution is not only related to the preparation process but also depends on the inherent properties of the components. For example, isotropic fullerene acceptors with a specific spherical structure tend to concentrate at the bottom when mixed with donor Materials, spontaneously forming a vertical phase distribution (Yan, y. Et al, connected-Polymer Blends for Organic Photovoltaics: rational Control of Vertical Stratification for High performance.advanced Materials 2017,29 (20), 1601674.). Therefore, fullerene-based organic photovoltaic OPVs exhibit better photovoltaic performance in inverted structures (electrode/electron transport layer/active layer/hole transport layer/electrode), and non-fullerene acceptors have difficulty forming vertical phase distributions in the blend film (Ye, l.et al. Quantitive relations between interaction parameter, miscibility and function in organic solar cells. Nature Materials 2018,17 (3), 253-260.). Therefore, there is a need to develop an effective strategy to control vertical phase distribution in non-fullerene based multicomponent systems by a simple Bulk Heterojunction (BHJ) process to fulfill the requirements of commercialization of organic photovoltaic OPVs.
However, in multicomponent blends, the tuning of the component vertical phase distribution is challenging, and thus it is meaningful to formulate strategies to achieve vertical phase distribution in devices that are processed using environmentally friendly solvents and large area modules.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell containing an active layer based on a donor/multi-element receptor system by utilizing spontaneous vertical phase distribution of the multi-element receptor system, and the high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell can be applied to halogenated solvents and large-area modules.
The technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the invention provides a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell, which comprises the following sequentially laminated structures: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer based on a donor/multi-acceptor system, a cathode modification layer, and a cathode layer; the active layer is a blend membrane of an electron donor and three non-fullerene acceptors.
The electron donor is a wide-bandgap polymer donor PM6;
the non-fullerene receptor is L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2;
the structural formulas of the electron donor and the non-fullerene acceptor are respectively as follows:
wherein R is 1 Is 2-ethylhexyl, R 2 Is 2-butyloctyl.
The invention prepares an active layer by using a wide band gap polymer donor PM6, three non-fullerene receptors L8-BO (second component), BTP-S8 (third component) and BTP-S2 (fourth component); the active layer has ideal vertical phase distribution by utilizing complementation of absorption of PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2 and optimization of L8-BO on the appearance of the active layer, so that finer forms are obtained.
Preferably, the thickness of the active layer is 50-300 nm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the electron donor to the non-fullerene acceptor is 1:1 to 1.5.
Further preferably, the mass ratio of electron donor to non-fullerene acceptor is 1:1.0-1.2, and the non-fullerene acceptor molecule is redshifted more than the light absorption of the donor material, so that more photocurrent can be generated; in the non-fullerene acceptor, the mass ratio of L8-BO to BTP-S8 to BTP-S2 is 0.2-0.6:0.2, and the branched chain substituted L8-BO in the system has stronger intramolecular stacking strength, can provide higher filling factors, and the BTP-S8 with higher electron mobility can provide higher short-circuit current density, so the ratio of the two parts is larger, and the BTP-S2 plays a role in providing high voltage, has larger influence on the morphology of an active layer and is not excessively doped.
Preferably, the substrate is glass; the anode layer is ITO; the anode modification layer is PEDOT: PSS; the cathode modification layer is PDINN; the cathode layer is Ag.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an anode modification layer on the anode layer on one side surface of the substrate;
(2) Spin-coating an active layer solution on the anode modification layer, and then annealing to form the active layer;
(3) And (3) sequentially preparing a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer on the active layer prepared in the step (2) to obtain the high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell.
Preferably, the annealing treatment parameters are as follows: the annealing temperature is 80-200 ℃, and the annealing time is 5-60min.
The total concentration of the active layer solution is 12-20mg/mL, the solvent of the active layer solution is at least one of a low-boiling-point halogen solvent or a non-halogen solvent, the low-boiling-point halogen solvent comprises chloroform or chlorobenzene, and the non-halogen solvent comprises toluene or xylene.
Preferably, the active layer solution further comprises an additive, wherein the additive can increase the solubility of a receptor to perform the active layer morphology optimization effect; the additive is Chloronaphthalene (CN) or 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO), the volume of the additive is 0.2-2% of the volume of the active layer solution, and the additive is remained in the active layer in the film post-treatment process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts a quaternary strategy, and utilizes a wide-bandgap polymer donor PM6, three non-fullerene receptors L8-BO (second component), BTP-S8 (third component) and BTP-S2 (fourth component) to prepare an active layer; the beta-position of the L8-BO thiophene is connected with a branched alkyl chain, so that the close and ordered accumulation of the L8-BO thiophene is facilitated, the L8-BO thiophene and PM6 have better compatibility, a proper phase separation size can be formed, in addition, the L8-BO thiophene is uniquely and closely and orderly accumulated, and the distribution of a multi-element receptor can be regulated; the BTP-S8 has strong absorption in the near infrared region of 600-1000nm, and the addition of the BTP-S8 can effectively widen the absorption range of the organic photovoltaic cell, lays a good foundation for improving the short-circuit current density of the organic photovoltaic cell, and has very good compatibility with a donor; the absorption peak of the BTP-S2 is mainly in the wavelength range of 650-900nm, compared with L8-BO, the LUMO energy level of the BTP-S2 is greatly improved, the voltage of a system can be increased, but the absorption blue shift is limited along with the increase of the voltage, and the light current is limited, so that the BTP-S2 has strong crystallinity due to the fact that the light current contains 6 Cl; three non-fullerene receptors are combined to form a multi-element receptor, the same molecular skeleton enables the multi-element receptor to have good compatibility, and the self close packing characteristic of L8-BO is utilized to play a role in controlling morphology leading in a multi-element system, so that the blend membrane forms good vertical phase distribution.
(2) The high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell provided by the invention has fine morphology, enhanced crystallinity, larger domain size and ideal vertical phase separation, is favorable for charge generation and transmission, reduces charge recombination, can be prepared by using different solvents, and can obtain the maximum of 27.39mA/cm by using chloroform as a solvent 2 The quaternary organic photovoltaic cell prepared with toluene as solvent also exhibited 27.80mA/cm and a short circuit current density of 19.19% Photovoltaic Cell Efficiency (PCE) 2 And a PCE of 19.04%, which is one of the highest values in the toluene-treated OPV reported so far, and further a toluene-treated large-area module (72.25 cm) without any additives was constructed in air 2 ) The module showed the highest efficiency of 12.78%, which is also one of the highest values in the toluene-treated large-area modules reported so far.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows absorption spectra of four components PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2.
Fig. 2 is an External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) spectrum of the organic photovoltaic cells in comparative examples 1-3 and examples 1-2.
Fig. 3 is a current-voltage curve of the organic photovoltaic cells in comparative examples 1-3 and examples 1-2 under simulated sunlight.
Fig. 4 is an element distribution diagram of the vertical structure of the organic photovoltaic active layer in comparative examples 1 to 3 and examples 1 to 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the examples and the accompanying drawing. It is to be understood that these examples are for illustration of the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The methods of operation, under which specific conditions are not noted in the examples below, are generally in accordance with conventional conditions, or in accordance with the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Comparative example 1
The binary organic photovoltaic cell in this comparative example comprises the following structure, laminated in order: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer, a cathode modification layer and a cathode layer; wherein the active layer is a blend film of PM6 and L8-BO; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially ultrasonically oscillating and cleaning a transparent conductive glass substrate with a strip-shaped ITO (anode layer) etched on the surface by using a cleaning agent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, drying, treating by using ultraviolet ozone for 15 minutes, then rotationally coating a layer of 10 nm-thick PEDOT (PSS) (batch number is Baytron P AI 4083) at a rotating speed of 4000rpm, and baking the PEDOT (PSS) layer in air at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain an anode modification layer on the anode layer;
(2) The electron donor PM6 and the non-fullerene acceptor L8-BO are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2 dissolving in chloroform to prepare an active layer solution with a total concentration of 17.6mg/mL, adding 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO) accounting for 0.25vt% of the volume of the active layer solution, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode modification layer at 3000rpm for 30s, and further annealing at 100 ℃ for 10 minutes to form an active layer of about 100 nm;
(3) Spin-coating on the active layer with 1mg/mL PDINN methanol solution at 4000rpm for 40s to obtain a PDINN cathode modification layer (about 20nm thick), and finally depositing Ag by thermal evaporation to form a cathode layer about 100nm thick; the active area is 6mm 2 Binary organic photovoltaic cells (designated PM6:L 8-BO) with a test aperture area of 4.73mm 2 。
At an illumination intensity of 100mW/cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under the AM1.5 simulated sunlight, from which an open circuit voltage of 0.876V and a short circuit current density of 26.53mA/cm were obtained 2 The fill factor was 80.06% and the PCE 18.66%.
Comparative example 2
The binary organic photovoltaic cell in this comparative example comprises the following structure, laminated in order: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer, a cathode modification layer and a cathode layer; wherein the active layer is a blend film of PM6 and BTP-S8; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially ultrasonically oscillating and cleaning a transparent conductive glass substrate with a strip-shaped ITO (anode layer) etched on the surface by using a cleaning agent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, drying, treating by using ultraviolet ozone for 15 minutes, then rotationally coating a layer of 10 nm-thick PEDOT (PSS) (batch number is Baytron P AI 4083) at a rotating speed of 4000rpm, and baking the PEDOT (PSS) layer in air at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain an anode modification layer on the anode layer;
(2) The electron donor PM6 and the non-fullerene acceptor BTP-S8 are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2 dissolving in chloroform to prepare an active layer solution with a concentration of 17.6mg/mL, adding 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO) accounting for 0.25vt% of the volume of the active layer solution, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode modification layer at 3000rpm for 30s, and further annealing at 100 ℃ for 10 minutes to form an active layer of about 100 nm;
(3) Spin-coating on the active layer with 1mg/mL PDINN methanol solution at 4000rpm for 40s to obtain a PDINN cathode modification layer (about 20nm thick), and finally depositing Ag by thermal evaporation to form a cathode layer about 100nm thick; the active area is 6mm 2 Binary organic photovoltaic cells (designated PM6: BTP-S8) with a test aperture area of 4.73mm 2 。
At an illumination intensity of 100mW/cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under the AM1.5 simulated sunlight, from which an open circuit voltage of 0.856V and a short circuit current density of 28.07mA/cm were obtained 2 The fill factor was 77.37% and the PCE was 18.57%.
Comparative example 3
The binary organic photovoltaic cell in this comparative example comprises the following structure, laminated in order: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer, a cathode modification layer and a cathode layer; the active layer is a blend film of PM6 and BTP-S2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially ultrasonically oscillating and cleaning a transparent conductive glass substrate with a strip-shaped ITO (anode layer) etched on the surface by using a cleaning agent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, drying, treating by using ultraviolet ozone for 15 minutes, then rotationally coating a layer of 10 nm-thick PEDOT (PSS) (batch number is Baytron P AI 4083) at a rotating speed of 4000rpm, and baking the PEDOT (PSS) layer in air at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain an anode modification layer on the anode layer;
(2) The electron donor PM6 and the non-fullerene acceptor BTP-S2 are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2 dissolving in chloroform to prepare an active layer solution with a concentration of 17.6mg/mL, adding 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO) accounting for 0.25vt% of the volume of the active layer solution, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode modification layer at 3000rpm for 30s, and further annealing at 100 ℃ for 10 minutes to form an active layer of about 100 nm;
(3) Spin-coating on the active layer with 1mg/mL PDINN methanol solution at 4000rpm for 40s to obtain a PDINN cathode modification layer (about 20nm thick), and finally depositing Ag by thermal evaporation to form a cathode layer about 100nm thick; the active area is 6mm 2 Binary organic photovoltaic cell (designated PM6: BTP-S2) with a test aperture area of 4.73mm 2 。
At an illumination intensity of 100mW/cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under the AM1.5 simulated sunlight, from which an open circuit voltage of 0.953V and a short circuit current density of 22.65mA/cm were obtained 2 The fill factor was 73.36% and the PCE was 15.82%.
Example 1
The quaternary organic photovoltaic cell in this embodiment includes the following structure that stacks in order: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer based on a donor/multi-acceptor system, a cathode modification layer, and a cathode layer; wherein the active layer is a blend film of PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially ultrasonically oscillating and cleaning a transparent conductive glass substrate with a strip-shaped ITO (anode layer) etched on the surface by using a cleaning agent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, drying, treating by using ultraviolet ozone for 15 minutes, then rotationally coating a layer of 10 nm-thick PEDOT (PSS) (batch number is Baytron P AI 4083) at a rotating speed of 4000rpm, and baking the PEDOT (PSS) layer in air at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain an anode modification layer on the anode layer;
(2) The electron donor PM6 and the non-fullerene acceptor are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2 dissolving in chloroform (mass ratio of L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2 in non-fullerene acceptor is 0.5:0.5:0.2), preparing an active layer solution with concentration of 17.6mg/mL, adding 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO) with volume of 0.25vt% of the active layer solution, spin-coating on anode modification layer at 3000rpm for 30S, and annealing at 100deg.C for 10 min to form about 100nm active layer;
(3) Spin-coating on the active layer with 1mg/mL PDINN methanol solution at 4000rpm for 40s to obtain a PDINN cathode modification layer (about 20nm thick), and finally depositing Ag by thermal evaporation to form a cathode layer about 100nm thick; the active area is 6mm 2 Quaternary organic photovoltaic cells (Quaternary (CF)) with a test aperture area of 4.73mm 2 。
At an illumination intensity of 100mW/cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under the AM1.5 simulated solar light irradiation, from which an open circuit voltage of 0.883V and a short circuit current density of 27.39mA/cm were obtained 2 The fill factor was 78.9% and the PCE 19.19%.
Example 2
The quaternary organic photovoltaic cell in this embodiment includes the following structure that stacks in order: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer based on a donor/multi-acceptor system, a cathode modification layer and a cathode layer; the active layer is a blend film of PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially ultrasonically oscillating and cleaning a transparent conductive glass substrate with a strip-shaped ITO (anode layer) etched on the surface by using a cleaning agent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, drying, treating by using ultraviolet ozone for 15 minutes, then rotationally coating a layer of 10 nm-thick PEDOT (PSS) (batch number is Baytron P AI 4083) at a rotating speed of 4000rpm, and baking the PEDOT (PSS) layer in air at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain an anode modification layer on the anode layer;
(2) Dissolving an electron donor PM6 and a non-fullerene acceptor in toluene at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 (the mass ratio of L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2 in the non-fullerene acceptor is 0.5:0.5:0.2) to prepare an active layer solution with a concentration of 17.6mg/mL, adding 1, 8-Diiodooctane (DIO) accounting for 0.25vt% of the volume of the active layer solution, spin-coating the active layer on the anode modification layer at 3000rpm for 30S, and further performing annealing treatment at 100 ℃ for 10 minutes to form an active layer with a thickness of about 100 nm;
(3) Spin-coating on the active layer with 1mg/mL PDINN methanol solution at 4000rpm for 40s to obtain a PDINN cathode modification layer (about 20nm thick), and finally depositing Ag by thermal evaporation to form a cathode layer about 100nm thick; the active area is 6mm 2 The test aperture area of the quaternary organic photovoltaic cell is 4.73mm 2 。
At an illumination intensity of 100mW/cm 2 The current-voltage curve (Quaternary (Tol)) of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight to obtain an open circuit voltage of 0.864V and a short circuit current density of 27.80mA/cm 2 The fill factor was 79.09% and the PCE 19.04%.
Sample analysis
FIG. 1 is an absorption spectrum diagram of four components of PM6, L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2, the absorption of a donor material PM6 mainly covers 500-700 nm, the absorption window of an acceptor material can cover 650-1000 nm, and the quaternary system can realize a wide spectrum coverage.
FIG. 2 is an External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) spectrum of the organic photovoltaic cells of comparative examples 1-3 and examples 1-2, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the binary organic photovoltaic cell of comparative example 2 (the blend film of PM6 and BTP-S8 as the active layer) exhibits a high and broad EQE curve and a higher EQE response in the 800-1000nm range, and the binary organic photovoltaic cell of comparative example 1 (the blend film of PM6 and L8-BO as the active layer) exhibits a higher EQE response in the 650-800nm range; whereas the quaternary organic photovoltaic cells of examples 1-2 combine the advantages of both, a higher current is obtained.
Fig. 3 is a current-voltage curve of the organic photovoltaic cells in comparative examples 1-3 and examples 1-2 under simulated sunlight. From FIG. 3, it can be seen that the binary system of comparative examples 1-3, PM6:L8-BO, exhibits high fill factor, proper short circuit current density and open circuit voltage, and good photovoltaic efficiency; PM6 BTP-S8 exhibits the highest short circuit current density and PM6 BTP-S2 exhibits the highest open circuit voltage. The quaternary device prepared with chloroform of example 1 exhibited increased short circuit current density; the quaternary devices prepared from toluene of example 2 exhibited high voltage and good fill factor, and the final quaternary devices exhibited photovoltaic performance breakthrough.
Fig. 4 is an element distribution diagram of the vertical structure of the organic photovoltaic active layer in comparative examples 1 to 3 and examples 1 to 2. For comparative examples 2-3, the organic photovoltaic active layers of comparative example 1 and examples 1-2, the receptor aggregates toward the top, and the active layer film achieved significant vertical phase separation.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, additions, substitutions and the like made within the principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell is characterized by comprising the following sequentially laminated structures: a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, an active layer based on a donor/multi-acceptor system, a cathode modification layer, and a cathode layer; the active layer is a blend membrane of an electron donor and three non-fullerene acceptors.
2. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein,
the electron donor is a wide-bandgap polymer donor PM6;
the non-fullerene receptor is L8-BO, BTP-S8 and BTP-S2;
the structural formulas of the electron donor and the non-fullerene acceptor are respectively as follows:
wherein R is 1 Is 2-ethylhexyl, R 2 Is 2-butyloctyl.
3. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 1 wherein the active layer has a thickness of 50-300 nm.
4. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 1 wherein the mass ratio of electron donor to non-fullerene acceptor is 1:1 to 1.5.
5. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 2 wherein in the non-fullerene acceptor, L8-BO: BTP-S8: the mass ratio of the BTP-S2 is 0.2-0.6:0.2.
6. The efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 1 wherein the substrate is glass; the anode layer is ITO; the anode modification layer is PEDOT: PSS; the cathode modification layer is PDINN; the cathode layer is Ag.
7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell according to any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing an anode modification layer on the anode layer on one side surface of the substrate;
(2) Spin-coating an active layer solution on the anode modification layer, and then annealing to form the active layer;
(3) And (3) sequentially preparing a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer on the active layer prepared in the step (2) to obtain the high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell.
8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, wherein the annealing parameters are as follows: the annealing temperature is 80-200 ℃, and the annealing time is 5-60min.
9. The method of producing a high efficiency quaternary organic photovoltaic cell of claim 7, wherein the total concentration of active layer solution is 12-20mg/mL; the solvent of the active layer solution is at least one of a low boiling point halogen solvent including chloroform or chlorobenzene or a non-halogen solvent including toluene or xylene.
10. The method for preparing the efficient quaternary organic photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, wherein the active layer solution further comprises an additive, the additive is chloronaphthalene or 1, 8-diiodooctane, and the volume of the additive is 0.2-2% of the volume of the active layer solution.
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