CN116365225A - Airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna - Google Patents
Airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116365225A CN116365225A CN202310241544.6A CN202310241544A CN116365225A CN 116365225 A CN116365225 A CN 116365225A CN 202310241544 A CN202310241544 A CN 202310241544A CN 116365225 A CN116365225 A CN 116365225A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 101700004678 SLIT3 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102100027339 Slit homolog 3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The application discloses an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna, including: the upper metal floor (1) is printed on the upper side of the upper medium substrate (5), the lower metal floor (7) is printed on the lower side of the lower medium substrate (6), a plurality of metalized through holes (2) are communicated between the upper metal floor (1) and the lower metal floor (7), and the metalized through holes (2) are regularly arranged according to the regular polygon arrangement; an upper metal floor (1) on which radiation slits (3) are etched; and a lower dielectric substrate (6) on which a feed metal wire (4) is printed and connected with the feed port (8), wherein the feed metal wire (4) is perpendicular to the radiation slit (3). The stealth antenna can be directly arranged on the aircraft skin and replaces a part of the stealth antenna of the skin, the exposed surface of the antenna after the stealth antenna is arranged is a metal plane except for a narrow gap, no protrusion exists, and the aircraft skin is kept conductive and continuous.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna.
Background
Stealth technology generally refers to radar stealth technology, and the signal characteristics of detection radar waves are reduced mainly through means of ingenious design of structures and shapes or wave-absorbing material coating and the like, so that the discovery distance of the detection radar is shortened. RCS (Radar cross section ) is a parameter measuring the stealth performance of a target, the dimension being square meter or dBsm (dBm) 2 ). The airborne avionics equipment needs to be provided with a large number of airborne antennas, and the airborne antennas provided on the stealth aircraft are called airborne stealth antennas.
When the stealth aircraft performs the burst defense combat, the horizontal distance between the aircraft and the detection radar is far greater than the height difference of the two, and the detection radar waves irradiate the aircraft at grazing incidence. The threat zone of the radar is now limited to a range of forward angular fields of the aircraft nose, typically azimuth angles [ -45 °, +45° ], pitch angles [ -10 °, +10 ° ] (azimuth angle is the angle with the X-axis in the XOY plane in fig. 1, pitch angle is the angle with the Z-axis in fig. 1). Under the condition of detecting the grazing incidence of radar waves, scattered waves generated by all parts of the aircraft are mainly scattered by surface traveling waves, and the influence of scattered waves caused by other mechanisms such as mirror scattering is small.
In order to ensure that the antenna is not protruded or recessed after being installed on the surface of an aircraft skin, an antenna cover conformal with the aircraft skin is usually covered on an antenna radiator. The radome is wave transparent but non-conductive and the conductive continuity of the skin at the location of the airborne antenna is broken. According to the surface wave scattering principle, when the aircraft skin is irradiated by the glancing incidence of the detection radar wave, the stealth of the stealth aircraft is damaged by surface traveling wave scattering generated by the surface current excited at the discontinuity.
The other type of airborne antenna is a microstrip patch antenna or a discone antenna, and the type of antenna has poor stealth after being installed and does not meet the use requirement of a stealth aircraft.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna, and provides a stealth antenna which can be directly installed on an aircraft skin without a radome and replaces a part of the skin, wherein the exposed surface of the installed antenna is a metal plane except a narrow gap, no protrusion exists, and the aircraft skin is kept conductive and continuous.
The embodiment of the application provides an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna, which comprises: an upper metal floor 1, a radiation slot 3, a feed metal wire 4, an upper dielectric substrate 5, a lower dielectric substrate 6, a lower metal floor 7 and a feed port 8;
the upper metal floor 1 is printed on the upper side of the upper medium substrate 5, the lower metal floor 7 is printed on the lower side of the lower medium substrate 6, the two medium substrates are bonded together, a plurality of metalized through holes 2 are penetrated between the upper metal floor 1 and the lower metal floor 7, and the metalized through holes 2 are regularly arranged according to the regular polygon arrangement;
the upper metal floor 1 is etched with a radiation gap 3;
the lower dielectric substrate 6 is printed with a feed metal wire 4, and is connected with a feed port 8, and the feed metal wire 4 is perpendicular to the radiation slit 3.
Optionally, the ratio d/lambda of the diameter d of the metallized through hole 2 to the free space wavelength lambda corresponding to the working frequency is not more than 0.1, and the ratio d/s of the center distance s of the adjacent metallized through holes is not less than 0.5;
the plurality of metallized through holes 2 are regularly arranged according to the arrangement of the regular polygon, and the diameter D of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon, the free space wavelength lambda corresponding to the working frequency and the dielectric constant epsilon of the dielectric substrate satisfy the following conditions:
optionally, the plurality of metallized through holes 2 are arranged according to a regular octagon arrangement rule.
Optionally, the shape of the radiation gap 3 is rectangular, the width of the radiation gap is 0.01λ -0.05λ, the length L1 is 0.3λ -0.6λ, and the long side of the radiation gap is parallel to one side of the regular polygon track.
Optionally, the width of the feeding metal wire 4 is 0.01λ -0.05λ, one end of the feeding metal wire is lapped on the metal inner core of the feeding port 8, and the other end of the feeding metal wire extends to the midpoint of the long side of the radiation slot 3.
Optionally, the thickness of the two layers of dielectric substrates is the same and is 0.01λ -0.05λ, λ is free space wavelength, and the dielectric constants of the two layers of dielectric substrates are the same and are 2.2-16.
Alternatively, two dielectric substrates are bonded together by a multi-layer board process.
The embodiment of the application provides a stealth antenna which can be directly arranged on an aircraft skin without a radome and replaces a part of the skin, wherein the exposed surface of the antenna after the antenna is arranged is a metal plane except for a narrow gap, and no protrusion exists, so that the aircraft skin is kept conductive and continuous.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and in order to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present application will be given.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic top view structure of an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional structure of an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is an example of standing wave ratio simulation results of an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an example of a simulation result of a radiation pattern of the airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to an embodiment of the present application at a frequency of 4.3 GHz;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the RCS simulation curve of an antenna when the antenna is irradiated in a glancing incidence mode with the radar detection wave frequency of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz and 18GHz, the azimuth angle being [ -90 DEG, +90 DEG ] and the pitch angle being 0 DEG;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing RCS simulation curves of an antenna when the antenna is irradiated in a glancing incidence mode with radar detection wave frequencies of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz and 18GHz, azimuth angles of [ -90 DEG, +90 DEG ] and pitch angles of 5 DEG;
fig. 7 illustrates RCS simulation curves of an on-board low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to an embodiment of the present application when radar detection wave frequencies irradiate the antenna in grazing incidence forms with frequencies of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz, and 18GHz, azimuth angles of [ -90 °, +90 ° ], and pitch angles of-5 °.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the application provides an airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna, which comprises the following components as shown in fig. 1 and 2: an upper metal floor 1, a radiation slot 3, a feed metal wire 4, an upper dielectric substrate 5, a lower dielectric substrate 6, a lower metal floor 7 and a feed port 8;
the upper metal floor 1 is printed on the upper side of the upper dielectric substrate 5, the lower metal floor 7 is printed on the lower side of the lower dielectric substrate 6, and the two dielectric substrates are bonded together. For example, two dielectric substrates may be bonded together by a multi-layer board process.
A plurality of metallized through holes 2 are communicated between the upper metal floor 1 and the lower metal floor 7, and the metallized through holes 2 are arranged according to regular polygon arrangement rules;
the upper metal floor 1 is etched with a radiation gap 3;
the lower dielectric substrate 6 is printed with a feed metal wire 4, and is connected with a feed port 8, and the feed metal wire 4 is perpendicular to the radiation slit 3.
The embodiment of the application provides a stealth antenna which can be directly arranged on an aircraft skin without a radome and replaces a part of the skin, wherein the exposed surface of the antenna after the antenna is arranged is a metal plane except for a narrow gap, and no protrusion exists, so that the aircraft skin is kept conductive and continuous.
In some embodiments, the ratio d/λ of the diameter d of the metallized through hole 2 to the free space wavelength λ corresponding to the operating frequency is not greater than 0.1, and the ratio d/s of the center-to-center spacing s of adjacent metallized through holes is not less than 0.5;
the plurality of metallized through holes 2 are regularly arranged according to the arrangement of the regular polygon, and the diameter D of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon, the free space wavelength lambda corresponding to the working frequency and the dielectric constant epsilon of the dielectric substrate satisfy the following conditions:
current dielectric substrate processing techniques have difficulty forming through-metal walls between two or more dielectric substrates. The embodiment of the application can simulate forming the metal wall by using a method that a plurality of metallized through holes are connected in a row, and the method is simple and convenient and has low cost. The plurality of metallized through holes 2 may be regular quadrangles, regular hexagons, regular octagons, regular dodecagons, etc. according to the regular polygon arrangement rule, in some embodiments, the plurality of metallized through holes 2 are arranged according to the regular octagon arrangement rule, and in the subsequent embodiments, specific examples of the stealth antenna of the present application are described according to the regular octagon arrangement manner, and other regular polygon structures are not described herein.
In some embodiments, the shape of the radiation slit 3 is rectangular, the width of the radiation slit is 0.01λ -0.05λ, the length L1 is 0.3λ -0.6λ, and the long side of the radiation slit is parallel to one side of the regular polygon track.
In some embodiments, the width of the feeding metal wire 4 is 0.01λ -0.05λ, one end of the feeding metal wire is lapped on the metal inner core of the feeding port 8, and the other end of the feeding metal wire extends to the midpoint of the long side of the radiation slot 3.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the two dielectric substrates is the same, and is 0.01λ -0.05λ, λ is the free space wavelength, and the dielectric constant of the two dielectric substrates is the same, and is 2.2-16.
The embodiment of the application also provides an implementation case of the airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna:
as shown in fig. 1, the on-board low-profile broadband stealth antenna includes: the metal floor comprises an upper metal floor 1, a metalized through hole 2, a radiation slit 3, a feed metal wire 4, an upper dielectric substrate 5, a lower dielectric substrate 6, a lower metal floor 7 and a feed port 8. The upper metal floor 1 is printed on the upper side of the upper dielectric substrate 5, the lower metal floor 7 is printed on the lower side of the lower dielectric substrate 6, and the two dielectric substrates have the same thickness and are bonded together through a multi-layer board process.
The dielectric constants epsilon of the upper dielectric substrate 5 and the lower dielectric substrate 6 are the same and are both 4.5, and the total thickness H is 2mm (about 0.028λ). The diameter D of each metallized through hole 2 is 1mm, the center distance s of the adjacent metallized through holes is 2.5mm, the plurality of through holes are arranged according to regular octagon tracks, and the diameter D of the circumscribed circle of the regular octagon tracks is 32.8mm. The radiation slit 3 is rectangular in shape, is etched on the upper metal floor, has a width W1 of 1.4mm and a length L1 of 25mm, and has a long side parallel to one side of the regular octagonal track. The feeding metal wire 4 is printed on the upper side of the lower dielectric substrate, the width W2 is 0.96mm, one end of the feeding metal wire is lapped on the metal inner core of the feeding port 8, and the other end of the feeding metal wire extends to the midpoint of the long side of the radiation slit 3 and is perpendicular to the long side of the radiation slit 3.
Fig. 3 shows a standing-wave ratio simulation result of the airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to the embodiment, wherein the horizontal axis is frequency, and the vertical axis is standing-wave ratio. The standing wave ratio of the visible antenna in the frequency range of 4.285 GHz-4.325 GHz is less than 2.
Fig. 4 shows a simulation result of a radiation pattern of the airborne integrated broadband stealth antenna in the embodiment at a frequency of 4.3GHz, where the horizontal axis is an azimuth angle and the vertical axis is a pitch angle. The maximum gain of the antenna is seen to be 5.2dBi.
Fig. 5 shows an on-board integrated broadband stealth antenna of the present embodiment mounted on a simulated stealth aircraft carrier. When the radar detection wave frequency irradiates the antenna in a glancing incidence mode with the frequency of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz and 18GHz, the azimuth angle of [ -90 degrees, +90 degrees ], the pitch angle of 0 degrees, the RCS simulation curve of the antenna is characterized in that the horizontal axis is the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis is the RCS value.
Fig. 6 shows an on-board integrated broadband stealth antenna of the present embodiment mounted on a simulated stealth aircraft carrier. When the radar detection wave frequency irradiates the antenna in a glancing incidence mode with the frequency of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz and 18GHz, the azimuth angle of [ -90 degrees, +90 degrees ], the pitch angle of 5 degrees, the RCS simulation curve of the antenna is characterized in that the horizontal axis is the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis is the RCS value.
Fig. 7 shows an on-board integrated broadband stealth antenna of the present embodiment mounted on a simulated stealth aircraft carrier. When the radar detection wave frequency irradiates the antenna in a glancing incidence mode with the frequency of 2GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 14GHz and 18GHz, the azimuth angle of [ -90 DEG, +90 DEG ], the pitch angle of-5 DEG, the RCS simulation curve of the antenna is characterized in that the horizontal axis is the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis is the RCS value.
It can be seen from fig. 5 to 7 that when the radar probe irradiates the stealth aircraft in grazing incidence, the RCS value of the antenna is lower than-38.5 dbm in the azimuth angle [ -45 °, +45° ], pitch angle [ -5 °, +5 ° ].
The airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can be directly installed on the aircraft skin without a radome and replaces a part of the skin, and the exposed surface of the installed antenna is a metal plane except for a narrow gap, so that the antenna has no protrusion, keeps the conductivity of the aircraft skin continuous, and further keeps the stealth of the stealth aircraft. The RCS value of the antenna in the radar wave detection angle range and the broadband is lower than-38.5 dBsm, and the thickness of the antenna is 0.02λ -0.1λ. It can be seen that the antenna of this embodiment has both low profile and broadband stealth advantages.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the protection of the claims, which fall within the protection of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna, comprising: an upper metal floor (1), a radiation gap (3), a feed metal wire (4), an upper dielectric substrate (5), a lower dielectric substrate (6), a lower metal floor (7) and a feed port (8);
the upper metal floor (1) is printed on the upper side of the upper medium substrate (5), the lower metal floor (7) is printed on the lower side of the lower medium substrate (6), the two layers of medium substrates are bonded together, a plurality of metalized through holes (2) are penetrated between the upper metal floor (1) and the lower metal floor (7), and the metalized through holes (2) are arranged according to regular polygon arrangement rules;
the upper metal floor (1) is etched with a radiation gap (3);
the lower dielectric substrate (6) is printed with a feed metal wire (4) and is connected with the feed port (8), and the feed metal wire (4) is perpendicular to the radiation slit (3).
2. The airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ratio d/λ of the diameter d of the metallized through hole (2) to the free space wavelength λ corresponding to the operating frequency is not more than 0.1, and the ratio d/s of the center distance s of adjacent metallized through holes is not less than 0.5;
the plurality of metallized through holes (2) are regularly arranged according to the arrangement of the regular polygon, and the diameter D of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon, the free space wavelength lambda corresponding to the working frequency and the dielectric constant epsilon of the dielectric substrate meet the following conditions:
3. an airborne low profile broadband stealth antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the plurality of metallized through holes (2) are arranged according to a regular octagonal arrangement.
4. The airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna according to claim 2, wherein the radiation slit (3) is rectangular in shape, etched on the upper metal floor, has a width of 0.01λ -0.05λ, a length L1 of 0.3λ -0.6λ, and a long side of the radiation slit is parallel to one side of the regular polygon track.
5. An airborne low profile broadband stealth antenna according to claim 4, wherein the feed wire (4) has a width of 0.01λ -0.05λ, one end is lapped on the metal core of the feed port (8), and the other end extends to the midpoint of the long side of the radiating slot (3).
6. The airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the two dielectric substrates is the same, and is 0.01λ -0.05λ, λ is a free space wavelength, and the dielectric constants of the two dielectric substrates are the same, and are 2.2-16.
7. The airborne low profile broadband stealth antenna of claim 1, wherein the two dielectric substrates are bonded together by a multi-layer board process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310241544.6A CN116365225A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310241544.6A CN116365225A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116365225A true CN116365225A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310241544.6A Pending CN116365225A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Airborne low-profile broadband stealth antenna |
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- 2023-03-14 CN CN202310241544.6A patent/CN116365225A/en active Pending
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