CN116365221A - Antenna device for sensor, radar and electronic device - Google Patents
Antenna device for sensor, radar and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116365221A CN116365221A CN202210081849.0A CN202210081849A CN116365221A CN 116365221 A CN116365221 A CN 116365221A CN 202210081849 A CN202210081849 A CN 202210081849A CN 116365221 A CN116365221 A CN 116365221A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The application discloses an antenna device, radar and electronic equipment for sensor, antenna device includes transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, and transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than that of the first emission branch; for any receiving and transmitting channel, the structure of the receiving antenna is the mirror image structure of the transmitting antenna; the method and the device can improve the integration level of the antenna device and meet the requirement of the antenna device on the key detection direction.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna device for a sensor, a radar and electronic equipment.
Background
With the annual increase of the popularity of automobiles in China, people have more and more knowledge of automobiles. The vehicle radar system is used as a safety system and has the functions of reversing monitoring, speed measurement, collision avoidance and the like. The radar system comprises a radar, the radar comprises an antenna device, the antenna device comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic wave signals to a space to be detected, the electromagnetic wave signals are reflected on a detected object to form echoes, and the receiving antenna can receive the echoes. The common antenna pattern of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna determines the receiving and transmitting pattern of the radar system, and further determines the detection performance of the radar.
To achieve the characteristics of wide angle range detection, antennas need to possess pattern wide beam characteristics, often requiring the addition of power splitting modules and the assignment of specific amplitudes and phases to individual antenna branches.
However, the transmitting antenna provided by the invention introduces the power dividing module, so that the design difficulty is increased, the structure is more complex, the radiation of the power divider can influence the side lobe of the pitching directional diagram, and meanwhile, the areas of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna with the power divider are larger, which is not beneficial to the integration of the whole radar device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna device, radar and electronic equipment for sensor to when promoting antenna device integrated level, satisfied antenna device's demand to wide-angle range.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna apparatus for a sensor, including a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch;
the structure of the receiving antenna is an image structure of the transmitting antenna;
the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in corresponding beam ranges according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first emission stub has a length of one half the guided wavelength of the current medium and the second emission stub has a length of the guided wavelength.
In some embodiments of the first aspect, the spacing distance between the first emission branches and the spacing distance between the second emission branches are all guided wave wavelengths of the current medium.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna device for a sensor, comprising a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna each possess beam deflection characteristics; the directional pattern of the receiving antenna and the beam deflection characteristic of the directional pattern of the transmitting antenna are in mirror image relationship; and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
In certain examples of the second aspect, the transmitting antenna is as in the antenna arrangement of any of the first aspects.
In certain examples of the second aspect, the receiving antenna comprises: a second feeder line; and at least one first receiving branch and at least one second receiving branch respectively connected with the second feeder line; the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are distributed on two sides of the second feeder line in a staggered mode along the extending direction of the second feeder line; and the length of the second receiving branch is greater than the length of the first receiving branch.
In certain examples of the second aspect, the first receiving branch has a length of one-half a guided wave wavelength of the current medium, and the second receiving branch has a length of the guided wave wavelength.
In some examples of the second aspect, the separation distance between each of the first receiving branches and the separation distance between each of the second receiving branches are guided wave wavelengths of the current medium.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a radar, including: the antenna device of any one of the first or second aspects; the signal receiving and transmitting device is connected with the antenna device and is used for transmitting detection signal waves through a transmitting antenna in the antenna device and receiving echo signals through a receiving antenna in the antenna device so as to output processed information of signals reflected from a detection object; wherein the echo signal wave is formed by reflection of the detection signal wave.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including: the radar of the third aspect; a processor connected to the radar; and a memory coupled to the processor.
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna device for a sensor, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch; the directional diagram of the transmitting antenna has the characteristic of beam deflection; for any receiving antenna, the structure is the mirror image structure of the transmitting antenna; the receive antenna pattern has beam deflection characteristics, but its beam deflection direction and transmit antenna image. The transceiver system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be used for detecting targets in a specific beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the images of the two antennas. According to the technical scheme, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can form the antenna device, and as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are of mirror image structures, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are mirror images, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the receiving antenna and the receiving antenna are overlapped, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the antenna device can be obtained, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna with smaller area are integrated to obtain the antenna device, the antenna device can be used for a radar, the radar can be used for an electronic device, the electronic device can be loaded on a vehicle, the key detection of the vehicle in the horizontal direction is realized, and the requirement of the vehicle on the key detection direction is met while the integration level of vehicle accessories is improved.
These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna device provided with an active power division module;
fig. 2 is a transmission/reception diagram including a horizontal direction ± (20 ° to 60 °);
fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3c is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting and receiving antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a current distribution diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a current distribution diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a directional diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a directional diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a directional diagram of an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
The term "and/or" is herein merely an association relationship describing an associated object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone.
The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description and in the drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects or for distinguishing between different processes of the same object and not for describing a particular sequential order of objects.
Furthermore, references to the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the present application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed but may optionally include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart depicts operations (or steps) as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or at the same time. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figures. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like. Furthermore, embodiments and features of embodiments in this application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna device provided with an active power division module, fig. 2 is a transceiving diagram including a horizontal direction ± (20 ° -60 °), and in order to realize focused detection of the horizontal direction ± (20 ° -60 °), a beam forming antenna as shown in fig. 1 may be adopted as the transmitting antenna, and different amplitudes and phases are allocated to each antenna branch through the active power division module so as to determine a directional diagram of the transmitting antenna; and the receiving antenna is designed as an antenna having a wide beam characteristic such as a serpentine antenna or a comb antenna. The power dividing module introduced in the scheme increases the design difficulty of the antenna device, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna occupy larger area, which is not beneficial to the integration of the antenna device.
Therefore, the present invention proposes an antenna device with a simple structure and a small area to realize the pattern as shown in fig. 2.
The antenna device will be described in detail below in connection with various embodiments.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device for a sensor, including a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch; the structure of the receiving antenna is an image structure of the transmitting antenna; and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
Specifically, the first feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic waves and performing antenna array; the first emission stub and the second emission stub are both radiation stubs. The first emission branch and the second emission branch are different in length. For example, the first transmitting branches and the second transmitting branches are respectively distributed on two sides of the first feeder line and are distributed in a staggered manner, so that beam deflection of a horizontal directional diagram of the transmitting antenna is realized. The structure of the receiving antenna can be an image structure of the transmitting antenna, the horizontal directional diagram of the receiving antenna can deflect the wave beam, and compared with the transmitting antenna, the wave beam deflection direction can be the image of the transmitting antenna. The transceiver system is constructed to achieve the detection requirement at a specific angle by using beam deflection directions that mirror each other.
Fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 3a, the transmitting antenna may include a first feeder line, eight first transmitting branches and eight second transmitting branches that are staggered on two sides of the first feeder line, and a length of the second transmitting branches is greater than a length of the first transmitting branches; fig. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 3b, the receiving antenna may also include a feeder line, and two receiving branches with different lengths that are staggered on two sides of the feeder line; fig. 3c is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 3c, the antenna device includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna that are mirror images, and may specifically include a transmitting antenna shown in fig. 3a and a receiving antenna shown in fig. 3b, and the transmitting antenna shown in fig. 3a and the receiving antenna shown in fig. 3b are mirror images. By means of the 6dB beam width, the receiving and transmitting directional diagram of the antenna system in the angle range in the free space can be effectively detected by the transmitting antenna/receiving antenna, and the detection capability of the radar in the corresponding application field is reflected.
Since the lengths of the first and second transmitting branches of the transmitting antenna are different, the directional pattern of the transmitting antenna has the characteristic of beam deflection, and the beam deflection angle of the transmitting antenna is related to the lengths of the first and second transmitting branches.
Similar to the transmitting antenna provided in the present application, since the receiving antenna has an antenna structure that mirrors the transmitting antenna, correspondingly, the pattern of the receiving antenna has a mirror image relationship with the pattern of the transmitting antenna. Therefore, when the sensor uses the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna to detect the obstacle in the surrounding environment, the receiving and transmitting antennas complement the beam deflection directions of the respective patterns, so that the angle range of the antenna device capable of sensitively detecting the obstacle is widened as a whole.
An antenna device for a sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch; the structure of the receiving antenna is an image structure of the transmitting antenna; and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
According to the technical scheme, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can form the antenna device, and as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are of mirror image structures, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are mirror images, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the receiving antenna and the receiving antenna are overlapped, the receiving and transmitting patterns of the antenna device can be obtained, the antenna device is obtained through integration of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna with smaller area, focus detection of the antenna device in the horizontal direction is achieved, and the requirement of the antenna device for the focus detection direction is met while the integration level of the antenna device is improved. For example, compared with the symmetrical design of the millimeter wave vehicle-mounted radar antenna shown in fig. 1, the asymmetrical design of the millimeter wave vehicle-mounted radar antenna shown in fig. 3a and 3b can meet the requirement of high gain of the automobile auxiliary brake driving system in the main detection direction of + - (20-60 °).
Example two
An embodiment II of the present application provides an antenna device for a sensor, including a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch; the structure of the receiving antenna is an image structure of the transmitting antenna; and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
In one embodiment, the receiving antenna includes: a second feeder, at least one first receiving branch and at least one second receiving branch; the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are distributed on two sides of the second feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the second feeder line; the second receiving branch has a length greater than a length of the first receiving branch.
Specifically, the second feeder line may be a transmission branch for transmitting electromagnetic waves and an antenna array; the first receiving branch and the second receiving branch are radiating branches. The lengths of the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are different, the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are respectively distributed on two sides of the second feeder line and are distributed in a staggered mode, and beam deflection of a horizontal directional diagram of the transmitting antenna is achieved.
The first emission branch is distributed with a first emission current and a second emission current, the amplitudes of the first emission current and the second emission current are consistent and the phases of the first emission current and the second emission current are different by 180 degrees; the second emission branch is distributed with a third emission current, the amplitude of the third emission current is consistent with the amplitudes of the first emission current and the second emission current, and the phase of the third emission current is determined by the phase of the first emission current and the interval distance between the adjacent first emission branch and second emission branch; correspondingly, a first receiving current and a second receiving current are distributed on the first receiving branch, the amplitudes of the first receiving current and the second receiving current are consistent, and the phases of the first receiving current and the second receiving current are different by 180 degrees; and third receiving currents are distributed on the second receiving branches, the amplitude of the third receiving currents is consistent with the amplitudes of the first receiving currents and the second receiving currents, and the phase of the third receiving currents is determined by the phase of the first receiving currents and the interval distance between the adjacent first receiving branches and the adjacent second receiving branches.
The phases of the currents on the first emission branches are the same, so that the radiation energy of the first emission branches positioned on the same side of the first feeder line can be overlapped in phase; of course, the phase of the current on each second emission branch is the same, so that the radiation energy of each second emission branch positioned on the other side of the first feeder line can be overlapped, and the radiation energy of the emission antenna is further enhanced. The phases of the currents on the first receiving branches are the same, so that the receiving performance of the first receiving branches positioned on the same side of the second feeder line can be overlapped; of course, the phase of the current on each second receiving branch is the same, so that the receiving performance of each second receiving branch positioned on the other side of the second feeder line can be overlapped, and the receiving performance of the receiving antenna is further improved.
The first feeder line and the second feeder line are respectively connected with a signal transmitter and a signal receiver of the sensor and are used for transmitting electromagnetic waves. For example, the first feeder transmits the electromagnetic wave output from the signal generator to the first and second emission branches through the feeding portion of the sensor such that the first and second emission branches radiate the electromagnetic wave. As another example, the first and second receiving branches convert electromagnetic waves from free space into receivable electrical signals and transmit to the signal receiver through the second feed line and its connected feed section. In order to achieve a miniaturized antenna, any of the feed portions may be connected to the antenna device using a variety of structural means that can be implemented by the integrated circuit structure. For example, the feeding portion adopts a coaxial transmission structure or a microstrip transmission structure.
Fig. 4 is a current distribution diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, a first transmitting current and a second transmitting current are distributed on a first transmitting branch, where if the amplitude of the first transmitting current distributed on the first transmitting branch is 1 and the phase is α, the amplitude of the second transmitting current is 1 and the phase is α+180 °; and the third emission current distributed on the second emission branch has an amplitude of 1 and a phase of beta.
Fig. 5 is a current distribution diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, a first receiving current and a second receiving current are distributed on a first receiving branch, where if the amplitude of the first receiving current distributed on the first receiving branch is 1 and the phase is a, the amplitude of the second receiving current is also 1 and the phase is a+180°; and the third receiving current distributed on the second receiving branch has the same amplitude of 1 and the phase is beta.
In this embodiment of the present application, the interval distance between the adjacent first transmitting branch and second transmitting branch may determine the phase of the third transmitting current, and may further determine the directional diagram of the transmitting antenna; the spacing distance between the adjacent first receiving branch and the second receiving branch can determine the phase of the third receiving current, and further can determine the directional diagram of the receiving antenna; after determining the pattern of the transmitting antenna and the pattern of the receiving antenna, the pattern of the antenna arrangement may be determined. In one embodiment, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are arranged on the radio frequency board according to the radiation direction determined based on the mirror image structure between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, so that the receiving and transmitting channels of the antenna device form a direction diagram of a direction range axisymmetric with a preset direction. Wherein, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are made of copper, gold and other metal materials. The radio frequency board is also called as a high frequency board.
The radio frequency board can be a common millimeter wave high frequency board, one side of the high frequency board can be symmetrically provided with a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the other side of the high frequency board is covered with a metal layer used as ground, and the middle of the high frequency board is made of a dielectric material so as to form a complete radiation structure.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a transmitting antenna in an antenna apparatus provided in a second embodiment of the present application, fig. 7 is a diagram of a receiving antenna in an antenna apparatus provided in a second embodiment of the present application, and fig. 8 is a diagram of an antenna apparatus provided in a second embodiment of the present application, in this embodiment of the present application, after determining the diagram of the transmitting antenna and the diagram of the receiving antenna, the diagram of the antenna apparatus may be determined as shown in fig. 8, and a detection direction of the antenna apparatus may be ± (20 ° to 60 °).
In one embodiment, the length of the first emission branch is one half of the guided wave wavelength of the current medium, and the length of the second emission branch is the guided wave wavelength.
In one embodiment, the length of the first receiving branch is one half of the guided wave wavelength of the current medium, and the length of the second receiving branch is the guided wave wavelength.
In one embodiment, the spacing distance between the first emission branches and the spacing distance between the second emission branches are all guided wave wavelengths of the current medium.
In one embodiment, the spacing distance between the first receiving branches and the spacing distance between the second receiving branches are all guided wave wavelengths of the current medium.
Wherein the length of the first transmission branch can be half of the guided wave wavelength of the current medium, namely 1/2λ g The length of the second emission branch is the wavelength of the guided wave, i.e. lambda g . The length of the first receiving branch can also be half of the guided wave wavelength of the current medium, lambda g The length of the second receiving branch may also be the wavelength of the guided wave, i.e. lambda g 。
The interval distance between the first transmitting branches, the interval distance between the second transmitting branches, the interval distance between the first receiving branches and the interval distance between the second receiving branches are used for determining the detection direction of the antenna device. In this embodiment of the present application, the interval distance between the first transmitting branches, the interval distance between the second transmitting branches, the interval distance between the first receiving branches, and the interval distance between the second receiving branches are all guided wave wavelengths of the current medium, so that the detection direction of the antenna device is ± (20 ° -60 °).
An antenna device for a sensor provided in a second embodiment of the present application includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the transmitting antenna includes: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch; the directional diagram of the transmitting antenna has the characteristic of directional diagram beam deflection; the receiving antenna includes: a second feeder, at least one first receiving branch and at least one second receiving branch; the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are distributed on two sides of the second feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the second feeder line; the length of the second receiving branch is greater than the length of the first receiving branch; for any receiving and transmitting system, the structure of the receiving antenna is a mirror image structure of the transmitting antenna; the receive antenna pattern has beam deflection characteristics, but its beam deflection direction and transmit antenna image. The receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be used for detecting targets in a specific beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the images of the two antennas. According to the technical scheme, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can form the antenna device, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are of mirror structures. Therefore, the transmitting and receiving patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are mirror images, and the transmitting and receiving patterns of the antenna device can be obtained by superposing the patterns of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna. In addition, the spacing distance between the adjacent first transmitting branches and the adjacent second transmitting branches in the transmitting antenna can determine the directional diagram of the transmitting antenna, the spacing distance between the adjacent first receiving branches and the adjacent second receiving branches in the receiving antenna can determine the directional diagram of the receiving antenna, and then the receiving and transmitting directional diagram of the antenna system can be determined, so that the key detection of the antenna device in the horizontal direction is realized, the antenna device is obtained by integrating the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna with smaller area, and the requirement of the antenna device on the key detection direction is met while the integration level of the antenna device is improved.
Example III
Based on the above description of the examples, the following antenna device may also be considered as an embodiment of the present application: the antenna device includes: the antenna comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the pattern of the transmitting antenna has the characteristic of deflection of a pattern wave beam; the receive antenna pattern has beam deflection characteristics, but its beam deflection direction and transmit antenna image. Because the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both of asymmetric structures. After such an asymmetric antenna arrangement of the pattern is used, the combination of the radiation patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna may form radiation of a specific angle. That is, the antenna device can avoid the design of the power dividing module, avoid the influence of the processing precision of the power divider on the antenna performance, and greatly improve the integral integration level of the sensor.
In some examples, as shown above, the structure of the transmit antenna is the same as the structure of the receive antenna. In other examples, the structure of the transmit antenna and the structure of the receive antenna may be different in relation to the antenna space reserved by the electronic device for the actual sensor and/or the portion of the antenna structure already configured in the electronic device. For example, in a space where an antenna device can be actually arranged, a transmitting antenna in the antenna device is as shown in any one example of the first to second embodiments and has a characteristic of a steering pattern beam deflection; while the corresponding receive antenna may employ the characteristics of directional pattern beam deflection as shown in fig. 1, with beam deflection direction and transmit antenna image. Based on the above transceiver antennas, the antenna system will be able to detect a specific detection direction.
It should be noted that the foregoing examples are not mutually exclusive, and the examples may form an antenna device with more structures by recombination or the like, and will not be described in detail herein. It should be further noted that, the antenna device mentioned in each of the above examples may be configured in the chip where the sensor is located, or may be connected to the chip where the sensor is located through a chip pin.
Herein, the term chip (integrated circuit, abbreviated as IC, also called chip) is a circuit structure manufactured on a semiconductor wafer by miniaturizing a circuit (mainly including a semiconductor device, also including a passive component, etc.), which includes: die (die) and package structure. A die refers to a semiconductor circuit structure produced in a processing plant (foundry) that includes bond pads (pads) for packaging. Such die are not generally used directly in actual circuits, but rather are packaged by chip packaging techniques to obtain the chip. The package structure is a structure covering the bare chip, and comprises pins for communicating an internal circuit and an external circuit formed in the bare chip; a housing is also included for securing, sealing, protecting the die and for enhancing electrothermal performance. Here, the sensor chip (also called a sensor chip, a radar, or the like) is a technology for manufacturing the sensor chip, and a circuit including an antenna is manufactured to form a miniaturized and high-circuit-integration electric device.
In some examples of the sensing chip, the antenna device may be configured in a surface of a die, or in a package structure. For example, the Chip is a AiP (Antenna-In-Package) Chip structure, aoP (Antenna-On-Package) Chip structure, or an AoC (Antenna-On-Chip) Chip structure.
In other sense die, the antenna may be disposed outside of the sense die and connected to the die via pins of the sense die.
In an alternative embodiment, the sensor chips may be identical to the sensor chips described in any of the embodiments of the present application, that is, the sensor chips may have the same structure and function as each other, or may be combined with each other to form a cascade structure, which is not described herein for simplicity, but it should be understood that the technology that a person skilled in the art should learn based on the disclosure of the present application should be included in the scope of the disclosure of the present application.
Example IV
A fourth embodiment of the present application provides a radar, including: the antenna device according to any one of embodiments one to three; the signal receiving and transmitting device is connected with the antenna device and is used for transmitting detection signal waves through a transmitting antenna in the antenna device and sensing echo electric signals from the echo signal waves through a receiving antenna in the antenna device so as to output baseband digital signals after the echo signal waves are processed; wherein the echo signal wave is formed by reflecting the detection signal wave by a detection object (also called a target object, an obstacle or the like).
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar according to a fourth embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 9, the radar includes: the antenna device and the signal receiving and transmitting device are connected with each other.
The radar provided by the embodiment of the present application may output a digital signal obtained by processing an echo electric signal in a direction range based on an antenna device included in the radar, and has the same advantageous effects as the antenna devices provided by the first to third embodiments.
In addition, the signal transceiving device comprises a signal transmitter and a signal receiver. The antenna device and the signal transceiver device determine the circuit structure according to the requirements of the radar on the detection of the surrounding environment and the signal processing. For example, the signal transceiver is configured to transmit a probe signal wave and receive an echo signal wave in a preset frequency band or fixed frequency.
The signal transmitter is used for transmitting the changing electric signal corresponding to the detection signal wave to a transmitting antenna in the antenna device. Specifically, the signal transmitter processes the reference electric signal provided by the signal source in a frequency modulation/phase modulation manner, and modulates the reference electric signal into a transmission electric signal with current variation in a radio frequency band, so as to output the transmission electric signal to the transmitting antenna. For example, the signal transmitter modulates the detection electric signal to radio frequency and feeds the transmission antenna so that the transmission antenna generates a detection signal wave having a center frequency in a frequency band such as 64GHz, or 77 GHz. The signal transmitter can generate a detection signal wave with a fixed frequency as a center frequency or a detection signal wave with a frequency sweep with the center frequency and a preset bandwidth. Taking the example that the detection signal wave includes at least one chirp signal, wherein the chirp signal is an electromagnetic wave signal formed based on a chirp period, the signal transmitter performs frequency multiplication processing based on a signal source of the chirp period, and feeds the signal source to a transmitting antenna to transmit the detection signal wave including the chirp signal. When the detection signal wave is reflected by the object, an echo signal wave is formed. The receiving antenna receives the echo signal wave to generate an echo electric signal.
The signal receiver is used for performing processing such as demodulation and filtering on an echo electric signal output by a receiving antenna in the antenna device by using a detection electric signal for generating a detection signal wave so as to output a baseband digital signal.
In some examples, the radar further comprises a signal processor. The signal processor is connected with the signal receiving and transmitting device and is used for extracting measurement information from the baseband digital signal through signal processing and outputting measurement data. The signal processing comprises digital signal processing based on phase, frequency, time domain and the like of at least one path of signals to be processed provided by at least one path of receiving antennas. The measurement data includes at least one of: distance data representing a relative distance of the detected at least one obstacle; speed data representing a relative speed of the detected at least one obstacle; angle data representing the relative angle of the detected at least one obstacle, etc.
When the same detection signal wave is received by each receiving antenna, the signal processor processes the baseband digital signal according to the Doppler sampling point number set by the measurement resolution to obtain measurement data and the like.
When the plurality of detection signal waves transmitted by the same transmitting antenna and each receiving antenna corresponds to each detection signal wave to receive a corresponding echo signal wave, the signal processor can output measurement data comprising speed by performing signal processing on different baseband digital signals received by the same receiving antenna at different times.
When at least one detection signal wave is transmitted by the same transmitting antenna, each receiving antenna in the plurality of receiving antennas corresponds to each detection signal wave to receive a corresponding echo signal wave and form a corresponding echo electric signal, the signal processor obtains an arrival angle of each distance-speed value by determining a virtual receiving and transmitting channel corresponding to the distance-speed value containing the distance-Doppler index, and thus, measurement data containing the distance, the speed and the angle are output.
In an optional embodiment, the antenna device described in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a product or application scenario having special requirements for an antenna pattern, such as a vehicle millimeter wave angle radar, that is, in a scenario that the radiation power of the antenna pattern in a direction perpendicular to the radiation surface of the antenna is smaller than the radiation power of the antenna pattern in other specific directions (as shown in fig. 2), by enabling the asymmetric arrangement of radiation branches on two sides of a feed line in a single-branch antenna, the function of the antenna pattern provided by the conventional multi-branch antenna is implemented, so that a power divider is not required to be provided in a single antenna, that is, the single antenna in the implementation of the present application does not include a power division module, and thus the complexity of design can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the area occupied by the antenna is also greatly saved, so as to effectively improve the integration degree of the radar system.
In addition, for the same receiving and transmitting channel, the structure of the receiving antenna is the mirror image structure of the transmitting antenna, so as to further improve the beam forming effect of the receiving and transmitting channel. Optionally, for the receiving and transmitting antenna with mirror image structure, the structure between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be arranged in mirror image symmetry based on the preset middle straight line under the premise of allowing arrangement space, so as to further improve the beam forming effect.
Example five
A fifth embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the radar according to embodiment four; a processor connected to the radar; and a memory coupled to the processor.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 10, the electronic device includes a processor 110, a memory 120, and a radar 130; the number of processors 110 in the electronic device may be one or more, one processor 110 being taken as an example in fig. 10; the processor 110, memory 120, and radar 130 in the electronic device may be connected by a bus or other means, for example in fig. 10.
The processor 110 may include one or more central processing units (central processing unit, CPU) and may also include a plurality of processors 110. Each of these processors 110 may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor 110 herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).
The memory 120 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, at least one application program required for functions; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the terminal, etc. In addition, memory 120 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some examples, memory 120 may further include memory located remotely from processor 110, which may be connected to the electronic device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The radar 130 may output a digital signal obtained by processing the echo electric signal in a range of directions; wherein the echo signal wave is formed by reflecting the detection signal wave.
The radar 130 included in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a baseband digital signal obtained based on the processing of the echo electric signal by the antenna device included in the radar, and has the same beneficial effects as the antenna device provided in any one of the first to third embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment, the electronic device body may be a component and a product applied to fields such as smart home, transportation, smart home, consumer electronics, monitoring, industrial automation, in-cabin detection, health care, and the like. For example, the device body may be an intelligent transportation device (such as an automobile, a bicycle, a motorcycle, a ship, a subway, a train, etc.), a security device (such as a camera), a liquid level/flow rate detection device, an intelligent wearing device (such as a bracelet, glasses, etc.), an intelligent home device (such as a sweeping robot, a door lock, a television, an air conditioner, an intelligent lamp, etc.), various communication devices (such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc.), etc., a barrier gate, an intelligent traffic indicator, an intelligent indicator, a traffic camera, various industrial mechanical arms (or robots), etc., and may also be various instruments for detecting vital sign parameters and various devices carrying the instruments, such as an in-car detection, an indoor personnel monitoring, an intelligent medical device, a consumer electronic device, etc.
Taking in-cabin detection of an automobile as an example, the antenna device provided by the application can detect the front-row seat range and the rear-row seat range in the automobile cabin, and the electronic equipment provided with the antenna device can detect vital signs or whether living bodies exist or not according to the signals of the target objects detected by the antenna device in the range.
Taking automatic auxiliary driving of an automobile as an example, the antenna device provided by the application can detect a target object in a range of 5-100m at corners of front and rear bodies of the automobile, and electronic equipment provided with the antenna device can perform automatic auxiliary driving control operations such as reversing prompt, emergency braking and the like according to signals of the target object detected by the antenna device in the range.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principle applied. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of numerous obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, while the present application has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, but may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna arrangement for a sensor, comprising a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises: a first feed line, at least one first emission branch, and at least one second emission branch; the first emission branches and the second emission branches are distributed on two sides of the first feeder line in a staggered manner along the extending direction of the first feeder line; the length of the second emission branch is greater than the length of the first emission branch;
the structure of the receiving antenna is an image structure of the transmitting antenna;
and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
2. The antenna device for a sensor of claim 1, wherein the length of the first emission stub is half of the guided wave wavelength of the current medium and the length of the second emission stub is the guided wave wavelength.
3. The antenna device for a sensor according to claim 1, wherein a separation distance between the first emission branches and a separation distance between the second emission branches are both guided wave wavelengths of a current medium.
4. An antenna arrangement for a sensor, comprising a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna each have beam deflection characteristics; the directional pattern of the receiving antenna and the beam deflection characteristic of the directional pattern of the transmitting antenna are in mirror image relationship;
and the receiving and transmitting system formed by the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is used for detecting targets in the corresponding beam range according to the beam deflection characteristics of the formed antenna images.
5. An antenna arrangement for a sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the transmitting antenna is as in any of the antenna arrangements according to claims 1-3.
6. The antenna device for a sensor according to claim 4, wherein the receiving antenna comprises: a second feeder line; and at least one first receiving branch and at least one second receiving branch respectively connected with the second feeder line;
the first receiving branches and the second receiving branches are distributed on two sides of the second feeder line in a staggered mode along the extending direction of the second feeder line; and the length of the second receiving branch is greater than the length of the first receiving branch.
7. The antenna device for a sensor of claim 4, wherein the first receiving branch has a length of one half of a guided wave wavelength of a current medium, and the second receiving branch has a length of the guided wave wavelength.
8. The antenna device for a sensor according to claim 7, wherein a separation distance between each of the first receiving branches and a separation distance between each of the second receiving branches are each a guided wave wavelength of a current medium.
9. A radar, comprising: an antenna device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 or any one of claims 4 to 8; the signal receiving and transmitting device is connected with the antenna device and is used for transmitting detection signal waves through a transmitting antenna in the antenna device and receiving echo signal waves through a receiving antenna in the antenna device so as to output baseband digital signals after the echo signal waves are processed;
wherein the echo signal wave is formed by reflecting the detection signal wave by a detection object.
10. An electronic device, comprising: the radar of claim 9; a processor connected to the radar; and a memory coupled to the processor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2021116223762 | 2021-12-28 | ||
| CN202111622376 | 2021-12-28 |
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| CN116365221A true CN116365221A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| CN202210081849.0A Pending CN116365221A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2022-01-24 | Antenna device for sensor, radar and electronic device |
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