CN116365200A - Circulator filter integrated structure, radio frequency unit and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication and discloses a circulator filter integrated structure, a radio frequency unit and a base station. The annular filter integrated structure comprises a conductor component, a filter and an annular device, wherein the filter and the annular device are connected, and signal transmission between the filter and the annular device can be realized through the conductor component, namely, the annular filter integrated structure has two functions of unidirectional transmission and filtering. In this application, realize the signal transmission between dielectric filter and the circulator through conductor part, because conductor part has the characteristics of absorption and radiation electromagnetic wave signal, reduce dielectric filter and circulator department of meeting the size of position, consequently can reduce the size of circulator, and then reduced the size of dielectric filter and the circulator of meeting, also reduce the size of circulator filter integrated configuration promptly, be convenient for realize the veneer closely spaced, optimize the overall arrangement scheme of components and parts in the basic station, realize the veneer closely spaced in the basic station.

Description

Circulator filter integrated structure, radio frequency unit and base station

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a circulator filter integrated structure, a radio frequency unit, and a base station.

Background

With the increasing development of wireless communication technology, a base station is receiving attention. Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of an active antenna element 1 in a base station. As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of channels 11 are formed in the active antenna unit 1, and each channel 11 includes a remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU) and an antenna 30. The rf components mainly include a filter 100 for filtering a transmission signal and a reception signal, a circulator/isolator 200 for unidirectional transmission of the transmission signal and the reception signal, a power amplifier tube 20, a diplexer (not shown), a combiner (not shown), a tower amplifier (not shown), a power divider (not shown), and the like. The circulator/isolator 200 can avoid the transmission of the received signal to the power amplifier tube, so as to improve the power amplifier performance of the radio frequency device. It will be appreciated that the circulator may also be referred to as a circulator, and will not be described in detail below.

As the number of channels 11 increases, the components in the active antenna unit 1 are distributed more and more densely, and the integration requirements of the components are more and more intense. In some implementations of the present application, the filter and the circulator are integrated into a loop filter to optimize the layout scheme of the components in the active antenna unit 1. The following two integrated forms are mainly included at present.

Fig. 2 illustrates a ring filter 10', which in some application scenarios is a metal cavity filter, as shown in fig. 2. The loop filter 10 'includes a band pass filter 100', a low pass filter 200', a circulator 300', a bottom case 400', and a top cover 500', wherein the circulator 300 'includes a center conductor 310'. The band-pass filter 100' is provided with a mounting groove, the low-pass filter 200' is arranged in the mounting groove, and the band-pass filter 100' is respectively cascaded with the low-pass filter 200' and the central conductor 310'. It is not difficult to find that, although the above-mentioned loop filter 10 'realizes the integrated formation of the band-pass filter 100', the low-pass filter 200 'and the embedded loop filter 300', the dielectric filter is paid attention to because of the advantages of high Q value, small volume and the like as the current filter evolves from a metal cavity filter to a dielectric filter. Based on this, the performance of the loop filter 10' in fig. 2 cannot meet the current rapid development of the base station, and the economic benefit is not high.

In order to solve the above problems, the present integrated form of components further includes an integrated molding of the dielectric filter and the circulator. Fig. 3 shows a ring filter 10", which ring filter 10" comprises a dielectric filter 100", a circulator 200" and a cascade matching window 300", as shown in fig. 3, the circulator 200" being provided with a first end 210", a second end 220" and a third end 230". One end of the dielectric filter 100 "is connected to the first end 210" of the circulator 200", and a cascade matching window 300" is provided at the connection of the dielectric filter 100 "and the first end 210" of the circulator 200 "to adjust the impedance of the loop filter 100" through the cascade matching window 300 ". The annular filter 10 "realizes the integrated molding of the dielectric filter 100" and the circulator 200", simplifies the connection mode between components and reduces the consumption in the transmission process. However, by adjusting the impedance of the ring filter 100 "through the cascade matching window 300", the overall size of the ring filter 10 "is larger, and under the condition that the channels are more and the components are more and more densely distributed, how to realize the close arrangement of the components on the board and how to optimize the distribution scheme of the components on the board are called as the problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a circulator filter integration structure, a radio frequency unit and a base station.

A first aspect of the present application provides a circulator filter integrated configuration including a dielectric filter, a circulator, and a conductor component. Wherein, the dielectric filter is connected with the circulator. The electromagnetic wave signal in the dielectric filter is transmitted to the circulator through the conductor member, and the electromagnetic wave signal in the circulator is transmitted to the dielectric filter through the conductor member.

The circulator in the present application refers to a product having a unidirectional transmission function or a component set capable of realizing the unidirectional transmission function, and the structural form and the assembly form of the circulator are not particularly limited in the present application. The connection of the dielectric filter and the circulator means that the dielectric filter and the circulator are mechanically connected, i.e. the dielectric filter and the circulator are fixed. Specifically, the dielectric filter comprises a body, wherein the body comprises a dielectric body and a conductive layer coated on the surface of the dielectric body, and one part of the conductive layer can be used as a grounding surface of the dielectric filter. In some implementations, the circulator is mounted on a surface of the conductive layer, and the circulator is connected with a ground plane of a surface of the dielectric body, so that the circulator can be mechanically connected with the dielectric filter and the grounding of the circulator can be realized.

The ring filter integrated structure in the application realizes unidirectional transmission of electromagnetic wave signals by utilizing the characteristics of the ring in the ring filter integrated structure, and simultaneously realizes filtration of radio frequency signals by utilizing the characteristics of the dielectric filter in the ring filter integrated structure. The radio frequency signal can be a high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal with the frequency range of 300 KHz-300 GHz. In the method, signal transmission between the filter and the circulator is realized through the conductor component, and the conductor component has the characteristics of absorbing and radiating electromagnetic wave signals, so that the size of the connecting position of the dielectric filter and the circulator is reduced, the size of the circulator can be reduced, the size of the connected dielectric filter and the size of the circulator are further reduced, namely the size of the integrated structure of the filter of the circulator is reduced, the occupied space of the integrated structure of the filter of the circulator is conveniently reduced, the close-packed single boards are realized, and the layout scheme of components in the base station is optimized.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the circulator filter integrated structure includes at least one dielectric filter and at least one circulator, and the number of the dielectric filters and the circulators in the circulator filter integrated structure is not specifically limited in this application.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the body is laid out on a layout plane, an orthographic projection of the circulator on the layout plane is located at least partially within the orthographic projection of the body on the layout plane, and the circulator is formed in an opaque region in the body. For example, the front projection of the circulator on the layout plane is located within the front projection of the body on the layout plane. In the integrated structure of the circulator filter, the circulator is arranged in the original layout area of the dielectric filter, and two functions of filtering and unidirectional transmission are integrated under the condition of occupying no extra layout area as much as possible. The flexibility of the high-density single board layout is improved, the diversity of the high-density single board layout scheme is improved, and the possibility is provided for further optimizing the high-density single board layout scheme.

In some possible implementations, in the circulator filter integrated structure, the dielectric filter and the circulator are laid out side by side along a layout plane to reduce the thickness of the circulator filter integrated structure as much as possible. Wherein, the thickness refers to the direction perpendicular to the layout plane. In other possible implementations, in the circulator filter integrated structure, the placement directions of the dielectric filter and the circulator may be parallel to each other. In other implementations, the extension directions of the dielectric filter and the circulator may be perpendicular to each other.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the circulator includes at least three ends, the conductor member is disposed on the dielectric filter and is non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter, and the conductor member is electrically connected with one of the ends of the circulator. The ground plane of the dielectric filter may be a part of the conductive layer in the body of the dielectric filter. The conductor member may be provided on the dielectric filter in such a manner that the conductor member is soldered to the dielectric filter by solder.

In some implementations of the first aspect described above, one of the other two ends of the circulator is connected to a resistor. The circulator together with the resistor in these implementations constitutes an isolator.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the surface of the dielectric filter has a conductive layer, where the conductive layer is etched to form a ground layer and a transmission region, where the ground layer serves as a ground plane of the dielectric filter, and the conductor component is located in the transmission region. Wherein the conductor member includes at least one of a pin, a conductor piece, a conductor block, and a conductor layer formed in the transmission region by etching.

Wherein PINs, i.e. PINs, or PIN PINs. The conductor sheet may be a sheet-like conductor structure that is attached to the dielectric filter after being preformed, and the conductor layer may be a separated metal layer formed by locally removing the conductive layer from the surface of the dielectric filter. The local removing process may be etching, or may be that before the conductive layer is formed, a protective film is laid in a region where the conductive layer is to be removed, and after the conductive layer is to be formed, the protective film is removed. The conductor block may be a block-like structure integrally formed with the conductive layer. It will be appreciated that the foregoing types of conductor members are only examples, and that the conductor members may be other structures capable of absorbing and radiating electromagnetic wave signals, as the application is not specifically limited thereto. In addition to this, the conductor member may be a combination of at least two of a pin, a conductor piece, a conductor block, and a conductor layer. For example, the conductor member includes a pin and a conductor layer, and the pin is mounted on the conductor layer. For another example, the conductor member includes a conductor block and a conductor layer, and the conductor block and the conductor layer are integrally formed. It is understood that the grounding layer and the conductive layer may be capable of realizing grounding and conducting functions, and the specific layout positions of the first body and the second body are not particularly limited in the application.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the body in the dielectric filter includes a dielectric body and a conductive layer on a surface of the dielectric body. The conductive layer is formed with a non-conductive ground layer and a conductive layer after etching. In some implementations of the present application, the body includes a first body including a first dielectric body and a conductive layer of a first dielectric body surface and a second body including a second dielectric body and a conductive layer of a second dielectric body surface. The ground layer includes a first ground layer in the first body and a second ground layer in the second body. The conductive layer in the first body is a first grounding layer. One part of the surface of the second body is a second grounding layer, and the other part except the second grounding layer is a transmission area. The conductor layer is positioned in the transmission area on the second body and is not conducted with the second grounding layer. According to the integrated structure of the circulator filter, the non-conductive conductor layer and the grounding layer are arranged, so that on one hand, the conductive path between the conductor component and the circulator is simplified, on the other hand, the conductor component is convenient to install on the dielectric filter, and the installation difficulty of the conductor component is reduced.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the dielectric filter includes a body, the body includes a first body and a second body, and the second body includes a mounting portion for mounting the circulator, that is, the circulator is disposed on the second body in the dielectric filter. The mounting portion includes at least one of a mounting recess (e.g., a mounting groove) and a mounting plane.

That is, the first body is formed with a resonant cavity and a coupling hole, and the second body is mounted with a circulator. The external shape of the first body and the second body as a whole may be a rectangular parallelepiped or a stepped shape or the like, and the present application is not particularly limited.

In some implementations, the circulator is mounted in the mounting recess when the mounting portion of the second body in the dielectric filter is the mounting recess. The circulator installed in the installation concave part can not protrude out of the installation concave part, so that the conductor part can be prevented from being touched by other parts, the conductor part is convenient to layout, and the layout difficulty of the integrated structure of the circulator filter is reduced. Alternatively, the circulator mounted in the mounting recess may be partially protruded from the mounting recess, which is not particularly limited herein.

In some implementations, the first body and the second body of the body in the dielectric filter are integrally formed.

The first body and the second body of above-mentioned annular filter integrated structure through integrated into one piece reduce the quantity of part in the annular filter integrated structure, simplify the packaging scheme of annular filter integrated structure, reduce the packaging degree of difficulty of annular filter integrated structure.

In some implementations, the first body and the second body are assembled into the body of the dielectric filter after being molded separately.

The first body and the second body are respectively molded in the integrated structure of the circulator filter, and then the relative positions of the first body and the second body and the conductor component are distributed, so that the conductor component can be installed in the dielectric filter, and the conductor component can be electrically connected to the circulator. Finally, the dielectric filter and the circulator are soldered by solder, and the conductor member is assembled to the dielectric filter and the circulator. The integrated structure of the ring filter can flexibly adjust the distribution position of the ring relative to the dielectric filter according to the user requirement, expands the structural scheme of the integrated structure of the ring filter, and further expands the application scene.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the body in the dielectric filter is provided with a receiving slot, and at least part of the conductor component is located in the receiving slot. The accommodating groove is close to the resonant cavity or the feed-in end in the dielectric filter. Wherein, the conductor part can be located the holding tank partially, or, the conductor part is located the holding tank entirely, and this application is not specifically limited. In some implementations, the mounting portion in the dielectric filter is provided with a receiving slot. It will be appreciated that the receiving groove may be located within the mounting portion or may be located outside the mounting portion. When the accommodating groove is arranged in the mounting part, on one hand, the arrangement of the circulator and the conductor component is more compact, and the layout scheme of the integrated structure of the circulator filter is optimized. The accommodating groove can be positioned on the first body and also can be positioned on the second body. The setting position of the accommodating groove is not particularly limited in this application.

In the above-mentioned circulator filter integrated configuration, through installing the conductor part in the holding groove on the body for the medium body in the medium filter is stretched into to the at least partial structure of conductor part, and then makes the conductor part be close to resonant cavity or feed-in end, further improves the transmission effect of conductor part to the electromagnetic wave signal between medium filter and the circulator.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the body portion of the dielectric filter includes a receiving surface, and the conductor member is disposed on the receiving surface.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the at least three ends include three ends, and the circulator includes a permanent magnet, an insulator, a metal conductor layer, and a ferrite that are sequentially stacked, and the ferrite is connected to the dielectric filter. The metal conductor layer is in a three-fork structure, and three ends of the three-fork structure respectively form three ends of the circulator. Wherein the metal conductor is also referred to as the center conductor.

The metal conductor layer may be a printed layer formed on the surface of the ferrite facing the permanent magnet by means of metal printing. The metal conductor layer may also be a preformed metal sheet that is affixed to the surface of the ferrite facing the permanent magnet by means of a bonding or clamping. The metal conductor layer may also be a microstrip formed on the surface of the ferrite facing the permanent magnet. The ferrite is connected with the dielectric filter, namely, the ferrite is arranged on one side close to the dielectric filter.

It is understood that the grounding mode of the circulator may be that the grounding surface of the circulator is connected with the grounding surface of the dielectric filter to be grounded, or may be that the grounding surface of the circulator is directly grounded, which is not particularly limited in this application. In some possible implementations of the first aspect described above, the circulator includes a ceramic matrix, ferrite, an insulator, and a permanent magnet. The ceramic matrix comprises three branches distributed on the same plane, the three branches extend in a crossing way and are converged at a junction, the ceramic matrix forms a superposition hole at the junction, and the ends of the three branches, which are far away from the junction, respectively form a first end, a second end and a third end of the circulator. The ferrite is accommodated at the bottom of the overlapping hole. The insulator is accommodated in the overlapping hole and overlapped on the surface of the ferrite. The permanent magnet is accommodated at the top of the overlapping hole and overlapped on the surface of the insulator.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the ceramic substrate is integrally formed with the dielectric filter to reduce the number of components in the integrated structure of the circulator filter.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the dielectric filter includes a first input output end and a second input output end, at least three end portions include a first end portion, a second end portion, and a third end portion, where the second end portion is electrically connected to the first input output end of the dielectric filter, the circulator filter integrated structure further includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin, and the first pin, the second pin, and the third pin are non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter. Wherein the first pin is electrically connected to the first end of the circulator and to the signaling device. The second pin is electrically connected with a second input and output end of the dielectric filter and is electrically connected with the antenna. The third pin is electrically connected with the third end of the circulator and is electrically connected with the receiving device.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the dielectric filter includes a first input-output end and a second input-output end, at least three end portions include a first end portion, a second end portion, and a third end portion, wherein the second end portion is electrically connected to the first input-output end of the dielectric filter, the loop filter integrated structure further includes a first pin, a second pin, and a resistor, and the first pin and the second pin are non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter. Wherein the first pin is electrically connected to the first end of the circulator and to the signaling device. The second pin is electrically connected with a second input and output end of the dielectric filter and is electrically connected with the antenna. The resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the circulator. Wherein the circulator together with the resistor constitutes an isolator.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect described above, the circulator filter integration structure further includes another dielectric filter. The first input and output end of the other dielectric filter is electrically connected with the antenna, and the second input and output end of the other dielectric filter is electrically connected with the receiving device.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the number of dielectric filters is one, the number of circulators is at least one, the dielectric filters include two input-output terminals, each circulator includes at least three end portions, and one of the input-output terminals of the dielectric filters is electrically connected to one of the end portions of each circulator through a conductor member. The integrated structure of the circulator filter can further reduce the layout area occupied by the circulator.

In some possible implementations of the first aspect, the number of dielectric filters is at least one, the number of circulators is one, each dielectric filter includes two input-output terminals, the circulator includes at least three end portions, and one end portion of the circulator is electrically connected to one of the input-output terminals of each dielectric filter through a conductor component.

The integrated structure of the circulator filter can further reduce the difficulty of arranging the circulator on the dielectric filter. For example, an electromagnetic wave signal with a wider frequency band is unidirectionally transmitted through one circulator, and a plurality of dielectric filters respectively filter out radio frequency signals in different frequency band ranges.

A second aspect of the present application provides a radio frequency unit, including a power amplifier tube and any one of the above first aspect and the first aspect of the present application, where an output end of the power amplifier tube is electrically connected to an input end of the loop filter integrated structure, and an input end of the power amplifier tube is electrically connected to a signaling device.

The circulator filter integrated structure comprises an input end, an output end and an output end. Wherein the input end of the circulator filter integrated structure may correspond to an end of the circulator for interfacing with the signalling device. For example, the input of the circulator filter integrated structure may be the first pin. The input and output ends of the circulator filter integrated structure may correspond to ends of the dielectric filter for interfacing with the antenna. For example, the input/output of the circulator filter integrated structure may be the second pin. The output of the circulator filter-integrated structure may correspond to an end of the circulator for interfacing with the receiving device. For example, the output of the circulator filter integrated structure may be the third pin. As another example, the output of the circulator filter integrated structure may be a resistor.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the radio frequency unit further includes an antenna, and the antenna is electrically connected to the input and output ends of each dielectric filter.

A third aspect of the present application provides a base station comprising at least one set of radio frequency units as in any of the first and second aspects above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a circulator filter integrated configuration 10';

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a circulator filter integration architecture 10 ";

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a base station in some other embodiments of the present application;

fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a channel 11 in a base station in some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 6 (a) shows a perspective view of a circulator filter integration structure 10 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic diagram showing a side-by-side arrangement of circulator 200 and filter 100 in circulator filter integrated configuration 10 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 6 (c) is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the circulator 200 and the filter 100 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 according to some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 6 (d) is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the circulator 200 and the filter 100 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 according to some other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 6 (e) is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the circulator 200 and the filter 100 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 according to other embodiments of the application;

fig. 7 (a) shows a perspective view of the layout of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 on a circuit board 60 in some embodiments of the application;

fig. 7 (b) illustrates a bottom view of the annular filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 7 (c) illustrates a perspective view from the bottom of the circulator filter integration structure 10 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 8 (a) shows a distribution scheme of circulator 200 in dielectric filter 100 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 8 (b) shows a distribution scheme of circulator 200 in dielectric filter 100 in other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 8 (c) shows a distribution scheme of circulator 200 in dielectric filter 100 in further embodiments of the application;

FIG. 8 (d) shows a perspective view of FIG. 8 (c) from a side view;

fig. 8 (e) shows a distribution scheme of the circulator 200 in the dielectric filter 100 in other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 8 (f) shows a distribution scheme of circulator 200 in dielectric filter 100 in further embodiments of the application;

fig. 9 (a) illustrates a bottom view of a carrier 800 in the loop filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 9 (b) shows a bottom view of a carrier 800 in the annular filter integrated structure 10 in some other embodiments of the present application;

fig. 9 (c) shows a bottom view of a carrier 800 in the annular filter integrated structure 10 in further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view of a circulator filter integration structure 10 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 11 (a) shows an exploded view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 11 (b) shows a perspective view of circulator 200 in other embodiments of the application;

fig. 12 (a) illustrates a bottom view of the annular filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 12 (b) illustrates a perspective view from the bottom of the circulator filter integration structure 10, showing the output path of SIG1, in some embodiments of the application;

fig. 12 (c) illustrates a perspective view from the bottom of the circulator filter integration structure 10, showing the output path of SIG2, in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (a) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (c) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (d) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (e) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application;

fig. 13 (f) shows a partial enlarged view of region C in fig. 13 (e);

FIG. 13 (g) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and the circuit board 60 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a), wherein the carrier 800 is included in the dielectric filter 100, in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 13 (h) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and the circuit board 60 along section A-A in FIG. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application;

FIG. 14 illustrates a perspective view of a circulator filter integration structure 10a in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 15 illustrates an exploded view of the circulator filter integration structure 10a in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 16 illustrates a bottom view of the circulator filter integration structure 10a in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of components in a channel of a base station according to other embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 18 illustrates a perspective view of a circulator filter integration structure 10b in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 19 illustrates an exploded view of the circulator filter integration structure 10b in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 20 illustrates a bottom view of the circulator filter integration structure 10b in some embodiments of the application;

FIG. 21 (a) is a schematic diagram of components in a channel 11 according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 21 (b) is a schematic diagram of components in a channel of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 22 illustrates a schematic diagram of components in a channel in some embodiments of the present application.

Description of the reference numerals

1-an active antenna element;

a 2-baseband processing unit;

3-power supply;

4-optical fiber;

5-a power line;

a 10' -loop filter;

a 100' -bandpass filter;

a 200' -low pass filter;

300' -circulator; 310' -center conductor;

400' -bottom shell;

500' -top cap;

10 "-a loop filter;

100 "-dielectric filter;

200 "-circulator; 210 "-a first end; 220 "-a second end; 230 "-third end;

300 "-cascading match windows;

application scenario 1

10-a circulator filter integration structure;

A 100-filter; 101-a first filtering end; 102-a second filtering end; 103-a media body; 104-a ground layer; 105-etching a groove;

110-body;

120-mounting slots;

130-a resonant cavity; 131-a first resonant cavity; 132-a second resonant cavity; 133-a third resonant cavity; 134-fourth resonant cavity; 135-a fifth resonant cavity; 136-a sixth resonant cavity; 137-seventh resonant cavity;

140-coupling slots; 141-a first coupling slot; 142-a second coupling slot; 143-a third coupling groove;

160-accommodating grooves;

200-circulator; 201-a first annular end; 202-a second annular end; 203-a third annular end;

210-permanent magnet; 220-insulator; 230-a metal conductor layer; 231-a first end; 232-a second end; 233-a third end; 240-ferrite;

300-conductor part; 300 a-fourth pin; 300 b-fourth pin; 300 c-fourth pin; 300 d-pre-buried metal conductor 300d;300 e-conductor layer;

400-a first pin;

500-a second pin;

600-third pin;

700-resistance;

800-a carrier;

810-a clearance hole; 811-a first clearance hole; 812-a second clearance hole; 813-a third clearance hole;

820-bond pads;

830-release holes; 831-first release holes; 832-a second release aperture; 833-a third release hole;

20-a power amplifier tube;

30-an antenna;

40-signalling means;

50-receiving equipment;

application scenario 2

10 a-a circulator filter integration structure;

a 100-filter;

200 a-circulator;

210 a-permanent magnet; 220 a-an insulator; 230 a-ferrite; 240 a-a ceramic base; 241 a-a lamination tank;

300-conductor part;

400-a first pin;

500-a second pin;

600-third pin;

application scenario 3

10 b-a circulator filter integration structure;

a 100-filter;

200-circulator;

300-conductor part;

400-a first pin;

500-a second pin;

700-resistance;

10 c-a circulator filter integration structure;

10 d-circulator filter integration architecture.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to solve the problem that a distribution scheme of single-board close-packed cannot be effectively optimized, the application provides a wireless communication base station. The base station may be a 4G base station, a 5G base station, or a 6G base station, which is not specifically limited in this application.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a base station. Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in some embodiments of the present application, a base station includes an active antenna unit (ActiveAntenna Unit, AAU) 1, a baseband processing unit (Building Base band Unit, BBU) 2, a power source 3, an optical fiber 4, and a power source line 5, wherein the active antenna unit 1 is electrically connected to the baseband processing unit 2 through the optical fiber 4, and the active antenna unit 1 is electrically connected to the power source 3 through the power source line 5. The active antenna unit 1 comprises a power amplifier, a circulator, a dielectric filter and an antenna. In addition to this, the active antenna element 1 comprises several channels 11, considered in the dimension of the number of channels. The number of channels 11 in the base station may be 8, 16, 32 and 64, which is not particularly limited in this application.

Fig. 5 shows a channel 11 in the antenna 1 of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, each channel 11 may include a circulator filter integrated structure 10, a power amplification tube 20, and an antenna 30, wherein the circulator filter integrated structure 10 includes a filter 100, a circulator 200, and a conductor part (not shown) connected to each other, and signal transmission between the filter 100 and the circulator 200 is achieved through the conductor part, that is, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 has both functions of unidirectional transmission and filtering.

The circulator filter integrated structure 10 in the application realizes unidirectional transmission of electromagnetic wave signals by utilizing the characteristics of the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10, and simultaneously realizes filtering of radio frequency signals by utilizing the characteristics of the dielectric filter 100 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10. The radio frequency signal can be a high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal with the frequency range of 300 KHz-300 GHz. In the method, signal transmission between the filter 100 and the circulator 200 is realized through the conductor component, and the conductor component has the characteristics of absorbing and radiating electromagnetic wave signals, so that the size of the joint position of the dielectric filter and the circulator is reduced, the size of the circulator can be reduced, the size of the joined dielectric filter and the size of the circulator are further reduced, namely the size of the integrated structure of the circulator filter is reduced, the occupied space of the integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter is conveniently reduced, the close-packed arrangement of single plates is realized, and the layout scheme of components in a base station is optimized.

It should be understood that the filter 100 and the circulator 200 that are connected may be integrally formed with the filter 100 and the circulator 200, or may be formed by separately forming the filter 100 and the circulator 200 and then assembling the filter and the circulator, and the assembling process may be bonding or welding, which is not particularly limited in this application. Specifically, the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are molded separately, and then the relative positions of the dielectric filter 100, the circulator 200, and the conductor member 300 are laid out so that the conductor member 300 can be mounted to the dielectric filter 100 and so that the conductor member 300 can be electrically connected to the circulator 200. Finally, the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are soldered by solder, and the conductor member 300 is assembled to the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200. The above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter can flexibly adjust the distribution position of the circulator 200 relative to the dielectric filter 100 according to the user requirement, and expand the structural scheme of the integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, further expand the application scenario.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the filter 100 may include 2 feed-in and feed-out terminals, for example, the filter 100 includes a first filter terminal 101 and a second filter terminal 102. The circulator 200 may include at least 3 ends, for example, the circulator 200 includes a first annular end 201, a second annular end 202, and a third annular end 203. In addition, each channel 11 includes a transmitting device (e.g., 40 hereinafter) and a receiving device (e.g., 50 hereinafter). The transmitting device may be a radio frequency power supply device, and the receiving device may be an antenna receiving device. The first ring end 201 is electrically connected to the transmitting end 21 of the power amplifier tube 20, and the receiving end 22 of the power amplifier tube 20 is electrically connected to the signaling device. The second loop end 202 is in signal connection with the first filtering end 101 of the filter 100, the second filtering end 102 of the filter 100 is electrically connected with the antenna 30, and the third loop end 203 is electrically connected with the receiving device.

In some implementations of the present application, the conductor member 300 is disposed on the dielectric filter 100 and is non-conductive with the ground plane of the dielectric filter 100, and the conductor member 300 is electrically connected to one of the ends (e.g., the second ring end 202) of the circulator 200. The other two ends of the circulator 200 are electrically connected to a transmitting device and a receiving device, respectively.

In alternative other implementations of the present application, one of the other two ends of the circulator 200 (e.g., the first annular end 201) is electrically connected to a signaling device, and the other of the other two ends of the circulator 200 (e.g., the third annular end 203) is connected to a resistor (e.g., the resistor 700 referred to below). It will be appreciated that the circulator 200 together with the resistor forms an isolator.

In other embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides another base station. The base station comprises an antenna, a remote radio frequency unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU), a baseband processing unit, a power supply, an optical fiber and a power line, wherein the antenna is electrically connected with the remote radio frequency unit, the remote radio frequency unit is electrically connected with the baseband processing unit through the optical fiber, and the remote radio frequency unit is electrically connected with the power supply through the power line. The remote radio frequency unit comprises a radio frequency component such as a power amplifier, a circulator, a dielectric filter and the like.

It is not difficult to find that the remote radio unit differs from the active antenna unit 1 described above in that the remote radio unit may comprise a power amplifier tube, a circulator and a filter, but does not comprise an antenna. Based on this, for the integrated structure of the loop filter obtained by integrating the dielectric filter and the loop, the connection mode in the remote radio unit is basically the same as the connection mode in the active antenna unit. Therefore, the connection between the dielectric filter and the circulator in the remote rf unit may be referred to as the connection between the dielectric filter and the circulator in the active antenna unit, and will not be described in detail herein.

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below in conjunction with specific structures. Fig. 6 (a) shows a perspective view of a circulator filter integration structure 10 in the present application, and as shown in fig. 6 (a), the present application provides a circulator filter integration structure 10. The circulator filter integrated structure 10 includes a dielectric filter 100, a circulator 200, and a conductor member 300. Wherein the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are mechanically connected, and the conductor member 300 is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals between the filter 100 and the circulator 200. The circulator filter integrated structure 10 transmits the electromagnetic wave signal of the circulator 200 to the dielectric filter 100 through the conductor part 300, or the circulator filter integrated structure 10 transmits the electromagnetic wave signal of the dielectric filter 100 to the circulator 200 through the conductor part 300.

It is understood that the conductor member 300 may be at least one of a pin, a conductor block, a conductor piece, and a conductor layer. The number of dielectric filters 100 and circulators 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 is not particularly limited in this application. That is, in the circulator filter integrated structure 10, the number of the dielectric filters 100 may be one, two, three, etc., and the number of the circulators 200 may be one, two, three, etc.

In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, the transmission of electromagnetic wave signals between the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 is realized by the conductor component 300, and since the conductor component 300 has the characteristics of absorbing and radiating electromagnetic wave signals, the size of the junction of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 is reduced, so that the size of the circulator 200 can be reduced, and further the size of the connected dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 is reduced, that is, the size of the integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter is reduced, so that the close-packed single boards are conveniently realized, the layout scheme of components in the base station is optimized, and the close-packed single boards in the base station are realized.

In addition, since signal transmission between the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 can be achieved by the conductor member 300, there is no need to particularly limit the relative layout relationship of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200, and it is convenient to expand the relative layout scheme of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 based on this.

The dielectric filter 100 includes a body 110 and a plurality of resonators (not shown) formed on a surface of the body 110. In some implementations of the present application, the body 110 includes a first body (not shown) and a second body (not shown), and a mounting portion for mounting the circulator 200 is formed on the second body, that is, the circulator 200 is disposed on the second body in the dielectric filter 100. Wherein the mounting portion includes at least one of a mounting recess and a mounting plane. The external shape of the first body and the second body as a whole may be a rectangular parallelepiped or a stepped shape or the like, and the present application is not particularly limited.

In some implementations of the present application, the first body and the second body are integrally formed. The annular filter integrated structure can reduce the number of components in the annular filter integrated structure, simplify the assembly scheme of the annular filter integrated structure and reduce the assembly difficulty of the annular filter integrated structure.

In other implementations of the present application, the first body and the second body are assembled into the body of the dielectric filter after being molded separately. The above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter can flexibly adjust the distribution position of the circulator 200 relative to the dielectric filter 100 according to the user requirement, and expand the structural scheme of the integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, further expand the application scenario.

Fig. 6 (b) shows a schematic diagram of a parallel layout of the circulator 200 and the filter 100 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 according to some embodiments of the application. In some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are laid out side by side along a layout plane, as shown in fig. 6 (b). Wherein the body 110 and the circulator 200 are for layout in a layout plane. Wherein, the layout plane refers to: in use, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 has the body 110 of the dielectric filter 100 distributed in a plane. For example, in the use state, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is mounted on the board surface of a circuit board (not shown), and the plane of the board surface of the circuit board is the layout plane. It will be appreciated that the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is not directly mounted on the circuit board, but is mounted on the board surface of the circuit board after being carried by the carrier board, and the layout plane may still be the board surface of the circuit board. The carrier plate may be a circuit board with a size adapted to the circulator filter integrated structure 10, which is only used for carrying the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and for grounding the circulator filter integrated structure 10, but does not have a signal transmission function.

In some implementations of the present application, the placement directions of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 may be parallel to each other. In other implementations of the present application, the placement directions of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 may be perpendicular to each other.

In other embodiments of the present application, dielectric filter 100 and circulator 200 are stacked. The body 110 is configured to be laid out in a layout plane, and an orthographic projection of the circulator 200 on the layout plane falls at least partially within the orthographic projection of the body 110 on the layout plane. In addition, the circulator 200 is formed in an opaque region of the body 110. It is understood that a front projection falling within another front projection means: one orthographic projection at least partially coincides with another orthographic projection. The orthographic projection of circulator 200 in the layout plane in this application includes the following three cases: 1. as shown in fig. 6 (c), the front projection of the circulator 200 on the layout plane partially coincides with the front projection of the dielectric filter 100 on the layout plane, and the other portion does not coincide with the front projection of the dielectric filter 100 on the layout plane; 2. as shown in fig. 6 (d), the front projection of circulator 200 on the layout plane falls entirely into the front projection of dielectric filter 100 on the layout plane; 3. as shown in fig. 6 (e), the front projection of the dielectric filter 100 on the layout plane falls entirely into the front projection of the circulator 200 on the layout plane.

The non-transparent region refers to other regions of the body 110 of the dielectric filter 100 except for the resonator, the coupling groove, the tuning hole, and other structures, that is, the solid region of the body 110.

In the above-mentioned circulator filter integrated structure 10, the circulator 200 (or the filter 100) is laid out in the original layout area of the dielectric filter 100 (or the circulator 200), and two functions of filtering and unidirectional transmission are integrated under the condition of occupying no additional layout area as much as possible. The above-mentioned circulator filter integrated structure 10 enables the circulator filter integrated structure 10 to not increase the occupied layout area as much as possible relative to the dielectric filter 100 (or the circulator 200) by reasonably arranging the relative positions of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200, thereby improving the flexibility of the layout of the high-density single board, improving the diversity of the layout scheme of the high-density single board, and providing possibility for further optimizing the layout scheme of the high-density single board.

Based on this, the layout of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 of the present application is various, and for convenience of description, the following description will be continued taking the state shown in fig. 6 (d) as an example.

The circulator filter integration structure 10 disclosed in the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 7 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the mounting of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 on a circuit board 60 in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 7 (a), in some embodiments of the present application, the filter 100 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is mounted on the circuit board 60, and the body 110 is grounded to the circuit board 60. In addition, for the purpose of the following description, an X direction, a Y direction, and a Z direction are now defined, wherein the X direction is a length direction when the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is normally placed, the Y direction is a width direction when the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is normally placed, and the Z direction is a height direction when the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is normally placed. That is, the reader-facing surface in fig. 6 (a) is the bottom surface of the ring filter integrated structure 10.

Fig. 7 (b) illustrates a bottom view of the annular filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the present application, and fig. 7 (c) illustrates a perspective view of the annular filter integrated structure 10 from a bottom view in some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 (b), the circulator filter integrated structure 10 includes a dielectric filter 100 of a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a circulator 200. It is understood that the rectangular parallelepiped shape is only one example of the shape of the dielectric filter 100 in the present application, and the shape of the dielectric filter 100 may be a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

In some embodiments of the present application, as can be seen in fig. 7 (b) and 7 (c), the dielectric filter 100 includes a body 110, and a resonant cavity 130 and a coupling groove 140 formed on a surface of the body 110. The body 110 includes a dielectric body (not shown) and a conductive layer (not shown) covering the surface of the dielectric body.

As can be seen from the foregoing, in some implementations of the present application, the body includes a first body and a second body. Specifically, the first body includes a first dielectric body and a conductive layer on a surface of the first dielectric body, and the second body includes a second dielectric body and a conductive layer on a surface of the second dielectric body.

In some implementations of the present application, the dielectric body is made of a low-loss dielectric material. The material of the dielectric body may include at least one of ceramic and plastic. For example, the dielectric body is formed by mixing and sintering microwave dielectric powder materials (such as barium titanate, zirconate and the like) with high dielectric constant, low loss and low frequency temperature coefficient at high temperature. The media body may be molded by at least one of molding, sintering, machining, additive manufacturing. For example, the medium body may be formed by dry pressing the medium powder into a desired structure by a press, and then solidifying the medium powder by high-temperature sintering.

It is understood that any low-loss dielectric material may be used as the material of the dielectric body, which is not particularly limited in this application. Meanwhile, any molding mode capable of molding the medium body is within the protection scope of the application, and the application is not particularly limited.

The conductive layer may be a silver plating. The silver plating layer can be formed on the surface of the medium body through at least one of spraying, soaking, brushing, physical vapor deposition (Physical Vapor Deposition, PVD), electroplating and other metallization processes.

It is understood that the structure of the conductive layer and the forming manner of the conductive layer are not particularly limited, and any structure of the conductive layer and any forming process capable of forming any of the above conductive layers are within the scope of the present application. Further, the surface of the medium body in the present application means: all exposed surfaces on the dielectric body including surfaces of the resonator, tuning holes, coupling grooves, etc. That is, when the resonator and the coupling groove are formed in the body 110, the conductive layer is also formed on the inner surface of the resonator and the groove surface of the coupling groove.

As such, in the present circulator filter integrated structure 10, the layout position of the circulator 200 on the dielectric filter 100 is particularly critical. Based on this, the relative positional relationship of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 will be described in detail below. However, in order to describe the relative positional relationship of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200, it is necessary to describe the specific structure of the dielectric filter 100 first. It is understood that the structure of the dielectric filter 100 is various, and the present application is not exhaustive, and the structural features thereof will be described below by taking the dielectric filter 100 shown in fig. 7 (a) to 7 (c) as an example.

As can be seen from fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the body 110 in the dielectric filter 100 includes a pair of opposite first surfaces 111 and second surfaces 112, and the layout plane is a surface of the circuit board 60 facing the dielectric filter 100. The first surface 111 is a surface of the dielectric filter 100 facing the circuit board 60 (e.g., a bottom surface of the body 110 in fig. 7 (a)), and the second surface is a surface of the dielectric filter 100 facing away from the circuit board (e.g., a top surface of the body 110 in fig. 7 (a)).

In some implementations of the present application, both the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are parallel to the layout plane. It is understood that the parallelism of the present application is not absolute, and that the approximate parallelism due to machining errors and assembly errors is also within the scope of the parallelism of the present application. The present application is not particularly limited in this regard, and the definition of parallelism will not be repeated hereinafter.

In addition, the body 110 is formed with a plurality of coupling grooves 140 for adjusting the coupling degree of the dielectric filter 100, which communicate with the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 (b), the coupling groove 140 specifically includes a first coupling groove 141, a second coupling groove 142, and a third coupling groove 143, which are sequentially distributed from left to right. Wherein the first coupling groove 141, the second coupling groove 142 and the third coupling groove 143 are used to space adjacent two columns of resonant cavities apart. It is understood that the orthographic projections of the first coupling groove 141, the second coupling groove 142 and the third coupling groove 143 on the layout plane may be at least one of an "I" shape, a "cross" shape, a "T" shape and a "5" shape, which is not particularly limited in this application.

As shown in fig. 7 (c), the resonant cavities 130 in the dielectric filter 100 may include 7 resonant cavities 130. The 7 resonators 130 are laid out along the layout plane in such a manner that a first row of 4 resonators 130 (for example, a first resonator 131, a second resonator 132, a fifth resonator 135, and a sixth resonator 136, which are arranged in order from left to right as shown in fig. 8) and a second row of 3 resonators 130 (for example, a third resonator 133, a fourth resonator 134, and a seventh resonator 137, which are arranged in order from left to right as shown in fig. 8) are laid out. It is not difficult to find that the lower left corner region of the dielectric filter 100 in the drawing is a solid region.

After describing the specific structure of the dielectric filter 100 in the present application, the following will continue to describe the dielectric filter 100 and the space around which the circulator 200 can be disposed in the circulator filter integration structure 10, that is, the relative positional relationship of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10.

In some application scenarios, the dielectric filter 100 leaves enough full solid area in the front projection of the layout plane, and then the circulator 200 is disposed in the full solid area of the dielectric filter 100 in the front projection of the layout plane. The full solid region refers to a region of the dielectric filter 100 that is solid along the thickness direction, and no structures such as a coupling groove, a resonant cavity, and a tuning hole are disposed in the region. For example, the lower left corner region S in FIG. 8 ₀ . Fig. 8 (a) shows a perspective view of the dielectric filter 100 in some embodiments of the present application from the bottom view. As shown in fig. 8 (a), a circulator 200 is provided in the lower left corner region in the dielectric filter 100. It will be appreciated that since the circulator 200 has three ends, the set-up area of the circulator 200 is characterized as a dashed-line border gray-filled triangular area S ₁ 。

It is understood that the thickness direction is a direction perpendicular to the layout plane, for example, the Z-axis direction in fig. 7 (a). It is to be understood that the mutually perpendicular in this application is notAbsolute perpendicularity, approximately perpendicularity due to machining errors and assembly errors, is also within the scope of mutual perpendicularity in the present application. The application is not particularly limited in this regard, and the definition of vertical will not be repeated hereinafter. Triangle area S in FIG. 8 (a) ₁ As one example, the placement area of the circulator 200 in the dielectric filter 100 may be any area that can be adapted to the shape of the circulator 200, such as rectangular, circular, etc., which is not particularly limited in this application. In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, the space of the dielectric filter 100 is reasonably utilized, and the layout of the circulator 200 in the dielectric filter 100 can be realized without increasing the layout area occupied by the dielectric filter 100 and the thickness dimension of the dielectric filter 100.

In other embodiments of the present application, the dielectric filter 100 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is not provided with enough complete solid areas in the front projection of the layout plane, and the circulator 200 is disposed in an area of the dielectric filter 100, which is offset from the structures such as the coupling slot, the resonant cavity, and the tuning hole in the thickness direction. Fig. 8 (b) shows a perspective view of the dielectric filter 100 in a side view in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 8 (b), the resonator 130 is disposed in a lower region of the dielectric filter 100, and the circulator 200 is disposed in an upper region of the dielectric filter 100, as shown in fig. 8 (b), a rectangular region S filled with a gray frame of a broken line ₂ . It can be understood that the rectangular region S in FIG. 8 (b) ₂ As an example, the placement area of the circulator 200 may be any area that can be adapted to the shape of the circulator 200, such as a stepped area, which is not particularly limited in this application. In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, the thickness of the dielectric filter 100 is appropriately increased without increasing the layout area occupied by the dielectric filter 100, so as to realize a reasonable layout of the circulator 200.

In other embodiments of the present application, in the circulator filter integrated structure 10, the circulator 200 is disposed in a region of the dielectric filter 100 that is offset from the coupling slot, the resonant cavity, and the tuning hole in the volume. Fig. 8 (c) shows a perspective view of dielectric filter 100 in some embodiments of the present application from a top view. FIG. 8 (d) shows a first embodiment of the present application The dielectric filter 100 in some embodiments is a perspective view from a side view. As can be seen from fig. 8 (c) and 8 (d), the circulator 200 is provided in the area of the lower left corner in the dielectric filter 100. The orthographic projection of the circulator 200 toward the layout plane coincides with a part of the resonant cavity 130 in the dielectric filter 100, but the distribution area of the circulator 200 is offset from the area where the resonant cavity 130 is located in the thickness direction. It can be appreciated that the region S in FIG. 8 (c) ₃ As an example, the setting area of the circulator 200 may be any area that can be adapted to the external shape of the circulator 200, such as other shapes, and the present application is not limited thereto. In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, the circulator 200 is arranged in the non-transparent area of the dielectric filter 100 in a staggered manner, so as to improve the effective utilization rate of the original packaging area of the dielectric filter 100.

The arrangement region on the dielectric filter 100 for arranging the circulator 200 may be a region adapted to the external appearance of the circulator. For example, the placement area may be a square area and three intersecting strip areas bordering the square area. As another example, the placement area may be a circular area and three intersecting strip-shaped areas bordering the circular area. Also for example, the arrangement region may be a triangular region and three intersecting strip-shaped regions bordering the triangular region.

It can be understood that the spatial three-dimensional structure of the circulator 200 and the structures of the upper cavity, the hole, the groove, etc. of the dielectric filter 100 can be combined, and the arrangement area of the circulator 200 can be reasonably selected on the dielectric filter 100 under the condition of ensuring the mechanical strength of the ceramic substrate, the filtering performance of the dielectric filter 100 and the unidirectional transmission performance of the circulator 200. The present application does not specifically limit the arrangement area of the circulator 200 on the dielectric filter 100.

In some implementations of the present application, to reduce the difficulty of electrically connecting the circulator 200 to the circuit board, the circulator 200 and the conductor member 300 are formed on the first surface 111 of the dielectric filter 100. In other implementations of the present application, the circulator 200 and the conductor member 300 may also be formed on the second surface 112 of the dielectric filter 100. In other implementations of the present application, the circulator 200 and the connector 300 may also be distributed over the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, respectively. For example, the circulator 200 is formed on the second surface 112 of the dielectric filter 100, and the conductor member 300 is formed on the first surface 111 of the dielectric filter 100.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of dielectric filters 100 is one, and the number of circulators 200 may be plural. In the case where a plurality of circulators 200 are arranged on one dielectric filter 100, the plurality of circulators 200 may be distributed on the dielectric filter 100 in such a manner that at least one circulator 200 is distributed on the first surface 111 and at least one circulator 200 is distributed on the second surface 112. The distribution mode of the circulator 200 can fully utilize the non-permeable area on the dielectric filter 100, and reduce the layout difficulty of the circulator 200 on the dielectric filter 100.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of circulators 200 is one, and the number of dielectric filters 100 may be plural. In the case where one circulator 200 is disposed on the plurality of dielectric filters 100, the plurality of dielectric filters 100 are integrally formed, and the layout patterns of the respective dielectric filters on the circuit board are adjusted, so that the regions on the plurality of dielectric filters 100 for laying out the circulator 200 are gathered, and thus the layout regions having a large area are patched. The distribution mode of the circulator 200 can fully utilize the non-permeable area on the dielectric filter 100, reduce the layout difficulty of the circulator 200 on the dielectric filter 100, and simultaneously facilitate further compressing the layout area occupied by the dielectric filter 100.

In order to improve the structural strength of the dielectric filter 100, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 (a), the circulator filter integrated structure 10 further includes a carrier 800, where the carrier 800 is disposed on a side of the dielectric filter 100 near the circuit board 60. By providing the carrier 800 in the dielectric filter 100, the mechanical strength of the dielectric filter 100 can be improved, the heat dissipation performance of the dielectric filter 100 can be improved, and the expansion coefficient of the dielectric filter 100 can be equalized to improve the stability of the annular filter integrated structure 10 during operation.

In some implementations of the present application, a surface of the carrier 800 is connected to the first surface 111 of the body 110 to enhance the structural strength of the body 110. In other implementations, the other surface of the carrier 800 opposite to the one surface is connected to the circuit board 60 to achieve stable connection between the body 110 and the circuit board 60.

In some implementations of the present application, the carrier 800 may be a circuit board that is adapted to the orthographic dimensions of the body 110 in the layout plane. The carrier 800 may be made of other materials, which are not particularly limited in this application.

In some embodiments of the present application, the body 110 is conductively connected to the circuit board 60 through the carrier 800 to achieve the grounding of the conductive layer in the body 110.

Fig. 9 (a) illustrates a bottom view of a carrier member 800 of the dielectric filter 100 in some embodiments of the present application. In some implementations of the present application, as can be seen in fig. 7 (a) and 9 (a), the bearing member 800 is provided with a clearance hole 810 adapted to a pin on the body 110. The avoidance holes 810 include a first avoidance hole 811, a second avoidance hole 812, and a third avoidance hole 813, so that pins on the body 110 can pass through the first avoidance hole 811, the second avoidance hole 812, and the third avoidance hole 813 on the carrier 800 and then electrically connect with the circuit board 60.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 9 (a), a plurality of pads 820 are disposed on a surface of the carrier 800 facing the circuit board 60. It will be appreciated that a plurality of pads (not shown) are also disposed on the other surface of the carrier 800 facing away from the circuit board 60. And the bonding pads on one board surface and the other board surface are conducted inside the bearing component. The pads on the carrier 800 are soldered to the pads on the dielectric filter 100 and the circuit board 60, respectively, by solder. The pads 820 on one board surface are grounded to the circuit board 60 through solder, and the pads on the other board surface are grounded to the conductive layer in the body 110 of the dielectric filter 100 through solder.

It is understood that in the present application, grounding of the conductive layer in the body 110 of the dielectric filter 100 through the pad 820 on the carrier 800 is only one grounding mode of the dielectric filter 100. The dielectric filter 100 in the present application may also be grounded in other ways, which are not specifically limited in this application.

Fig. 9 (b) shows a bottom view of the carrier 800 of the dielectric filter 100 in some other embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 9 (b), a release hole 830 is further formed in the carrier 800. The relief holes 830 are used to relieve deformation stresses during operation of the dielectric filter 100 and to provide dimensional changes caused by deformation during operation.

In some implementations of the present application, the opening size and opening position of the release hole 830 on the carrier member 800 are adapted to the coupling slot 140 in the dielectric filter 100. As can be seen in conjunction with fig. 7 (a) and 9 (b), in some embodiments of the present application, the release holes 830 on the carrier 800 include a first release hole 831, a second release hole 832, and a third release hole 833. Wherein the first release hole 831 is adapted to the first coupling groove 141, the second release hole 832 is adapted to the second coupling groove 142, and the third release hole 833 is adapted to the third coupling groove 143.

In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the ring filter, the release hole 830 is adapted to the coupling slot 140, and first, the integrated structure 10 of the ring filter in the present application can increase the area of the effective connection area between the dielectric filter 100 and the carrier 800 as much as possible, so as to ensure the bonding strength between the dielectric filter 100 and the carrier 800. Second, the circulator filter integrated configuration 10 in the present application can secure the release range of the release hole 830 as much as possible. Finally, the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter can also ensure synchronous deformation of the dielectric filter 100 and the carrier 800, so as to avoid forming cracks at the solder of the dielectric filter 100 and the carrier 800 caused by different deformations, and finally, to cause connection failure between the dielectric filter 100 and the carrier 800.

In other implementations of the present application, the release hole 830 may also be a U-shaped hole (not shown) formed at an edge of the carrier 800.

Fig. 9 (b) shows a bottom view of the carrier 800 of the dielectric filter 100 in some other embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, the bearing member 800 is provided with a clearance hole 810 adapted to a pin on the body 110. The avoidance holes 810 include a first avoidance hole 811 and a third avoidance hole 813, so that pins on the body 110 can pass through the first avoidance hole 811 and the third avoidance hole 813 on the carrier 800 and then be electrically connected with the circuit board 60.

After describing the relative positional relationship of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10, the circulator filter integration structure 10 will be described in further detail with reference to several application scenarios. For convenience of description and understanding, the following will describe in detail an example in which the number of dielectric filters 100 is one, the number of circulators 200 is one, and the layout plane is the board surface of the circuit board.

Application scenario 1

Fig. 10 illustrates a perspective view of the circulator filter integration structure 10 in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 10, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 includes a dielectric filter 100, a circulator 200, a conductor member 300, a first pin 400, and a second pin 500. The transmission of electromagnetic wave signals between the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 is achieved by the conductor member 300. The conductor member 300 may be at least one of a pin, a conductor piece, a conductor block, and a conductor layer in the mounting groove 120.

It will be appreciated that dielectric filter 100 and circulator 200 are laid out side-by-side or dielectric filter 100 and circulator 200 are laid out in superposition.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the outer contour of the dielectric filter 100 is a cuboid, and the orthographic projection of the dielectric filter 100 in the layout plane is a rectangle. Circulator 200 is formed in an opaque region in filter 100, and the orthographic projection of circulator 200 on the layout plane is located within the orthographic projection of dielectric filter 100 on the layout plane. The conductor member 300 is connected to one end (e.g., the second annular end 202) of the circulator 200 and one end (e.g., the first filtering end 101 of the dielectric filter 100) of the dielectric filter 100, respectively, to achieve signal transmission between the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200. The first pin 400 is connected to one of the other two ends of the circulator 200 (e.g., the first ring end 201) to receive the fed electromagnetic wave signal. The second pin 500 is connected to the other end of the dielectric filter 100 (e.g., the second filtering end 102 of the dielectric filter 100) to transmit the fed-out electromagnetic wave signal (or to receive the fed-in electromagnetic wave signal).

As shown in fig. 10, in some embodiments of the present application, the circulator filter integration structure 10 further includes a third pin 600. The third pin 600 is connected to the other end (e.g., the third ring end 203) of the other two ends of the circulator 200 to transmit the fed-out electromagnetic wave signal.

Fig. 11 (a) shows an exploded view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 11 (a), in the dielectric filter 100, a mounting groove 120 is reserved on a surface 111 of a body 110 (for example, a second body) parallel to a layout plane, and a circulator 200 is mounted in the mounting groove 120. It is noted that the inner surface of the mounting groove 120 is coated with a first conductive layer (not shown) and a second conductive layer (not shown).

The first conductive layer is connected to the conductive layer on the surface of the body 110, and the second conductive layer is separated from the conductive layer on the surface of the body 110. The circulator 200 is connected to the first conductive layer, and is further connected to the ground through the first conductive layer and other conductive layers on the outer surface of the body 110. The end of the circulator 200 is connected to the conductor member 300 through a second conductive layer, thereby achieving signal transmission between the circulator 200 and the conductor member 300.

In some embodiments of the present application, the mounting groove 120 includes a middle groove (not shown) and three fork grooves (not shown) respectively communicating with the middle groove. The circulator 200 is installed in the middle groove, and at least three ends of the circulator 200 correspond to the three fork grooves, respectively. The conductor member 300 is installed in one of the fork grooves, is electrically connected to one of the end portions of the circulator 200, and is not conductive to the ground plane of the dielectric filter 100, so that the electromagnetic wave signal in the dielectric filter 100 is transmitted to the circulator 200 through the conductor member 300, and the electromagnetic wave signal in the circulator 200 is transmitted to the dielectric filter 100 through the conductor member 300.

In some implementations of the present application, the mounting slot 120 is covered with a conductive layer that is electrically connected to the ground plane of the dielectric filter 100. The conductive layer at the bottom of the fork groove for mounting the conductor member is formed with a stripe-shaped conductive bar by etching, and the stripe-shaped conductive bar is not conductive with the ground plane of the dielectric filter, and the stripe-shaped conductive bar may be used as the conductor member 300 or a part of the conductor member 300, and the other end of the stripe-shaped conductive bar is electrically connected with one of the ends of the circulator 200, so that the electromagnetic wave signal in the dielectric filter 100 is transmitted to the circulator 200 through the conductor member 300, and so that the electromagnetic wave signal in the circulator 200 is transmitted to the dielectric filter 100 through the conductor member 300.

In some implementations of the present application, the circulator 200 mounted within the mounting slot 120 does not protrude from the mounting slot 120. I.e., the end surface of the circulator 200 remote from the bottom of the mounting groove 120 is slightly lower than the surface of the body 110 where the notch of the mounting groove 120 is formed. In other implementations of the present application, the circulator 200 mounted within the mounting slot 120 may protrude slightly beyond the mounting slot 120. That is, the end surface of the circulator 200 far from the bottom of the mounting groove 120 protrudes slightly from the surface of the body 110 where the notch of the mounting groove 120 is formed.

In other implementations of the present application, the surface of the dielectric filter 100 is not formed with mounting grooves, but only with mounting planes, and the circulator 200 is mounted at the mounting planes on the dielectric filter 100. For example, the circulator 200 is attached to the mounting plane of the dielectric filter 100.

As can be seen from fig. 11 (a), the circulator 200 includes a permanent magnet 210, an insulator 220, a metal conductor layer 230, and ferrite 240, which are sequentially stacked. Wherein the insulator 220 may be an insulating sheet.

In some implementations of the present application, ferrite 240 is mounted to the bottom of mounting groove 120 and interfaces with a second conductive layer on the bottom wall of mounting groove 120. Circulator 200 is grounded through ferrite 240 and a second conductive layer. The metal conductor layer 230 includes a main body (not shown) and three furcation structures (not shown) extending outwardly from the main body, wherein the first end 231, the second end 232, and the third end 233 of the three furcation structures form the first annular end 201, the second annular end 202, and the third annular end 203 of the circulator 200, respectively. It is understood that the shape of the metal conductor layer 230 is various, such as snowflake. The shape of the metal conductor layer 230 can be reasonably adjusted according to performance requirements by the above-mentioned circulator filter integrated structure 10.

In some implementations of the present application, the metal conductor layer 230 may be formed on the ferrite 240 by metal printing on a surface facing the permanent magnet 210. In alternative other implementations, the metal conductor layer 230 may also be a preformed metal sheet that is affixed to the ferrite 240 by a bonding or snap-fit to the surface facing the permanent magnet 220. In alternative other implementations, the metal conductor layer 230 may also be a microstrip formed on the surface of the ferrite 240 facing the permanent magnet 220.

Fig. 11 (b) shows a circulator 200 in other embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 11 (b), the circulator 200 further includes a metal case 204 provided at the outside, resulting in a large layout space occupied by the circulator 200. Since the circulator 200 in fig. 10 and 11 (a) occupies a smaller layout space, it is more easily integrated in the dielectric filter 200. Based on this, after the specific structures of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are described, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 in the present application will be described further below taking the integrated molding of the circulator 200 and the dielectric filter 100 in fig. 11 (a) as an example.

Fig. 12 (a) illustrates a bottom view of the annular filter integrated structure 10 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 12 (b) shows a perspective view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 in a bottom view in some embodiments of the application, where the path of the signal transmitted by the circulator 200 to the filter 100 is shown. As can be seen from fig. 12 (a) and 12 (b), the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is laid out in the dielectric filter 100 according to the layout scheme in fig. 8 (c) and 8 (d).

In some embodiments of the present application, the transmission path of the first signal SIG1 transmitted by the transmitting device 40 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is shown as a broken line l with an arrow in fig. 12 (b) ₁ . In some embodiments of the present application, after the first pin 400 receives the first signal SIG1, the first signal SIG1 is transmitted to the conductor member 300 through the circulator 200, and the conductor member 300 passes the first signal through the first resonator 131, the second resonator 132, the third resonator 133, and the fourth resonator in the dielectric filter 100The cavity 134, the fifth cavity 135, the sixth cavity 136 and the seventh cavity 137 are then transferred to the second pin 500, and the second pin 500 feeds the received first signal SIG1 to the antenna 30.

Similarly, the transmission path of the second signal SIG2 received by the antenna 30 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is substantially opposite to the transmission path of the first signal SIG1 described above. The transmission path of the second signal SIG2 received by the antenna 30 in the circulator filter integrated configuration 10 is shown as a broken line l with an arrow in fig. 12 (c) ₂ . After the second pin 500 receives the second signal SIG2, the second signal SIG2 is transmitted to the conductor member 300 through the seventh resonator 137, the sixth resonator 136, the fifth resonator 135, the fourth resonator 134, the third resonator 133, the second resonator 132, and the first resonator 131 in the dielectric filter 100. After receiving the second signal SIG2, the conductor 300 transmits the second signal SIG2 to the third pin 600 via the circulator 200, and the third pin 600 feeds the received second signal SIG2 out to the reception device 50.

It is to be understood that the foregoing transmission path of the first signal SIG1 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and the transmission path of the second signal SIG2 in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 are only some examples, and the transmission path of the signal in the circulator filter integrated structure 10 is not specifically limited in this application.

After describing the transmission path of the signal on the circulator filter integrated configuration 10, several possible conductor elements 300 and the relative positional relationship of the conductor elements 300 to the dielectric filter 100 will be described in detail below.

Fig. 13 (a) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 13 (a), in some embodiments of the present application, the conductor member 300 is a fourth pin 300a. The bottom of the mounting groove 120 is provided with a receiving groove 160, wherein the second conductive layer covers the receiving groove 160 and the bottom of the mounting groove 120 in the surrounding area of the receiving groove 160. The receiving groove 160 may be adjacent to one of the resonant cavities (e.g., the first resonant cavity 131) of the dielectric filter 100. One end of the fourth pin 300a extends towards the first surface 111 of the body 110, and the other end of the fourth pin 300a is accommodated in the accommodating groove 160 and abuts against the groove bottom of the accommodating groove 160, so that the other end of the fourth pin 300a is connected with the metal conductor layer 230 in the circulator 200 through the second conductive layer on the body 110, for example, the other end of the fourth pin 300a is connected with the second end 232 of the metal conductor layer 230.

In some implementations of the present application, the receiving slot 160 is proximate to the resonant cavity 131. It is possible that the bottom of the receiving groove 160 is close to the first resonant cavity 131, i.e., the end of the conductor member 300 is close to the bottom surface of the resonant cavity. Or the groove wall of the accommodation groove 160 is close to the first resonator 131, i.e. the side of the conductor member 300 is close to the side of the resonator.

To facilitate forming the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, in some implementations of the present application, the receiving groove 160 is disposed at a bottom of the mounting groove 120 and has a certain distance from a groove wall of the mounting groove 120.

In other embodiments of the present application, the receiving slot 160 is near the feed end of the dielectric filter 100.

Fig. 13 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 13 (b), in some embodiments of the present application, one end of the fourth pin 300b has the same height as one end of the first pin 400. It is understood that identical in this application means that the two parameters are substantially identical, or identical within a certain error range. The first pin 400 and the fourth pin 300b in the above-described circulator filter integrated structure 10 can be used as a feed-in end and a feed-out end of the dielectric filter 100, respectively.

Fig. 13 (c) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in further embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 13 (c), in some embodiments of the present application, the conductor member 300 is a fourth pin 300c, and the circulator 100 and the fourth pin 300c are mounted to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 120.

In other embodiments, the dielectric filter 100 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the body 110 of the dielectric filter 100 is not provided with a mounting groove and a receiving groove, and the circulator 100 and the conductor member 300 are mounted on the surface of the dielectric filter 100. It should be understood that the installation manner of the circulator 100 and the conductor component 300 on the dielectric filter 100 is not specifically limited in the present application, and any manner that can be implemented is within the scope of protection of the present application.

Fig. 13 (d) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in further embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 13 (d), a receiving groove 160 is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove 120 of the dielectric filter 100. The receiving groove 160 may be adjacent to one of the resonant cavities (e.g., the first resonant cavity 131) of the dielectric filter 100. The conductor member 300 is an embedded metal conductor 300d embedded in the accommodating groove. The pre-buried metallic conductor 300d is connected to one of the ends (e.g., the second end 232) of the metallic conductor layer 230 in the circulator 200 by a conductive layer on the body 110.

In some implementations of the present application, the pre-buried metal conductor 300d may be conductive silver pre-buried in the receiving groove 160. Wherein, the conductive silver can be prepared from conductive silver paste. In order to further optimize the molding process of the annular filter integrated structure 10, the production cost of the annular filter integrated structure 10 is reduced, and the economic benefit of the annular filter integrated structure 10 is improved. In some implementations, the conductive silver may be integrally formed with the silver plating on the body 110.

It should be understood that the foregoing are only examples of the connection manner of the pre-buried metal conductor 300d and the dielectric filter 100 in the present application, and the electrical connection manner of the metal conductor 300d and the dielectric filter 100 is not specifically limited in the present application.

In the above-mentioned integrated structure 10 of the circulator filter, since the circulator 200 is built in the dielectric filter 100, that is, the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are integrated into a whole without occupying space except for the layout area of the dielectric filter 100, the layout scheme of the rf components in the rf unit is optimized, so that the layout area of each channel in the rf unit can be saved by about 100mm ² . Secondly, the surface mounting technology, reflow, debug, test, packaging and other processes of the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are substantially the same, and the integrated component scheme of the present application The production can be completed under the generation condition of the dielectric filter 100 without newly adding a device. In addition, the circulator filter integrated structure 10 provided by the application can save the processing cost of surface mounting technology, reflow, debugging, testing, packaging and the like, and meanwhile, can save the packaging material and the transportation cost. Finally, the dielectric filter 100 and the circulator 200 are integrally formed, so that the mounting steps of the radio frequency unit are simplified, and the mountable efficiency is improved.

Fig. 13 (e) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in some embodiments of the application. Fig. 13 (f) shows a partially enlarged view of region C in fig. 13 (e).

As can be seen from fig. 13 (e) and 13 (f), the dielectric filter 100 includes a dielectric body 103 and a conductive layer on an outer surface of the dielectric body 103, wherein the conductive layer is etched to form a ground layer 104 and a transmission region (not shown), and the ground layer 104 serves as a ground plane of the dielectric filter 100, and the conductor member 300 is located in the transmission region. In some implementations of the present application, the conductor component 300 is a conductor layer 300e that is formed in the transmission region by etching a conductive layer. It will be appreciated that the etching separates the conductive layer into a non-conductive ground layer 104 and a conductive layer 300e, with an annular etched slot 105 formed between the ground layer 104 and the conductive layer 300e.

Fig. 13 (g) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and the circuit board 60 along section A-A in fig. 12 (a), wherein the carrier 800 is included in the dielectric filter 100, in some embodiments of the application. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 13 (g), the first pin 400 interfaces with a port on the circuit board 60 through a clearance hole 811 on the carrier 800.

Fig. 13 (h) shows a cross-sectional view of the circulator filter integrated structure 10 and the circuit board 60 along the section A-A in fig. 12 (a) in some other embodiments of the application. In other embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 13 (h), the first pin 400 interfaces with a port on the circuit board 60. In some implementations of the present application, the first pin 400 is inserted into a port on the circuit board 60. In alternative other implementations of the present application, the first pin 400 interfaces with a port on the circuit board 60, as this application is not specifically limited.

Application scenario 2

In application scenario 2, the present application provides a circulator filter integrated configuration 10a, the circulator filter integrated configuration 10a comprising a dielectric filter 100, a circulator 200a and a conductor component 300. The circulator 200a in the circulator filter integration structure 10a in the application scenario 2 is different from the circulator 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 in the application scenario 1, compared to the circulator filter integration structure 10 in the application scenario 1.

Fig. 14 shows a perspective view of the circulator filter integration structure 10a in some other embodiments of the application. Fig. 15 shows an exploded view of the circulator filter integration structure 10a in other embodiments of the application. Fig. 16 illustrates a bottom view of the circulator filter integration structure 10a in other embodiments of the application.

As can be seen in connection with fig. 14-16, circulator 200a includes a ceramic base 240a in a triangular cross configuration. The ceramic base 240a includes three branch structures distributed on the same plane, and an included angle between extending directions of two adjacent branch structures in the three branch structures is about 120 °, where each end of the three branch structures forms three ends of the circulator 200 a. The junction of the three branch structures in ceramic pedestal 240a forms a lamination slot 241a. Circulator 200a also includes permanent magnet 210a, insulator 220a, and ferrite 230a. Wherein, ferrite 230a, insulator 220a and permanent magnet 210a are stacked in turn in the stacking groove 241a, wherein ferrite 230a is disposed at the bottom of stacking groove 241a.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 16, ceramic pedestal 240a includes an inner ceramic and an outer conductive layer, the inner ceramic in ceramic pedestal 240a being integrally formed with the ceramic matrix in body 110. The conductive layer in the ceramic base 240a is integrally formed with the conductive layer in the body 110. Based on this, the above-mentioned ring filter integrated structure 10a can mold the ceramic base 240a in the filter molding stage, and only the permanent magnet 210a, the insulator 220a, and the ferrite 230a need to be mounted on the dielectric filter 100 in the following steps.

It will be appreciated that in integrally forming the ceramic base 240a and the body 110, it is also necessary to properly arrange the coupling grooves and the like so as to separate the three ends of the ceramic base 240a from the ceramic base 240a in the body 110 as much as possible. For example, a coupling groove is added, or the extending direction of the coupling groove (for example, the first coupling groove 141 in fig. 14, 15, and 16) is adjusted. It will be appreciated that the added coupling grooves or the extended coupling grooves are not necessarily through grooves communicating the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, and the coupling grooves are matched with the conductive layer, so that the cavity for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in the circulator is isolated from the cavity in the dielectric filter as much as possible, which is not particularly limited in this application.

In the integrated structure 10a of the circulator filter in the application scenario 2, the impedance change of the integrated structure 10a of the circulator filter can be adjusted according to the ceramic base 240a and the body 110, so as to adjust the signal index of the integrated structure 10a of the circulator filter, thereby obtaining the integrated structure 10a of the circulator filter meeting the requirement. For example, the signal index of the circulator filter integrated structure is adjusted by adjusting the silver level area in the coupling slot and resonant cavity on the body 110. For another example, the signal index of the circulator filter integrated structure is adjusted by adjusting the dielectric properties of the ceramic structures in the ceramic base 240a and the body 110.

Application scenario 3

Fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of components in the channel 1 in some other embodiments of the present application. Fig. 18 shows a perspective view of the circulator filter integration structure 10b in some other embodiments of the application. Fig. 19 shows an exploded view of the circulator filter integration structure 10b in other embodiments of the application. Fig. 20 illustrates a bottom view of the circulator filter integration structure 10b in other embodiments of the application.

As can be seen from fig. 17 and 18, in application scenario 3, the circulator filter integrated structure 10b includes a dielectric filter 100, a circulator 200, a conductor member 300, and a resistor 700. In comparison with the circulator filter integrated configuration 10 in application scenario 1, the third end 233 in the circulator filter integrated configuration 10b in application scenario 3 is provided with a resistor 700.

In some embodiments of the present application, in the above-described circulator filter integrated structure 10b, a resistive film is sintered at the third end portion of the circulator 200, and the echo interference signal is consumed by the resistive film isolation.

As shown in fig. 17, in some embodiments of the present application, the circulator filter integrated structure 10b includes a first dielectric filter 100a, a second dielectric filter 100b, a circulator 200, a conductor member 300, and a resistor 700. Wherein one end of the first dielectric filter 100a is connected to the second end 232 of the circulator 200, the other end of the first dielectric filter 100a is connected to the antenna 30, the second dielectric filter 100b is connected to the antenna 30, and the other end of the second dielectric filter 100b is connected to the reception apparatus 50. Resistor 700 is connected to third end 233 of circulator 200. In some implementations, the first dielectric filter 100a and the second dielectric filter 100b are used to filter radio frequency signals in different frequency ranges.

As can be seen in connection with fig. 18-20, resistor 700 is connected to third end 233 of circulator 200. Wherein, in some implementations of the present application, resistor 700 may be a resistive film sintered over third end 233.

It will be appreciated that the number of dielectric filters 100 and circulators 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10 is not particularly limited in this application. That is, in the circulator filter integrated structure 10, the number of the dielectric filters 100 may be one, two, three, etc., and the number of the circulators 200 may be one, two, three, etc. After the above three application scenarios are introduced, several different circulator filter integration structures 10 will be further described below with respect to the number of dielectric filters 100 and circulators 200 in the circulator filter integration structure 10.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of dielectric filters in the circulator filter integrated configuration is a plurality, and the number of circulators is 1. Fig. 21 (a) shows a schematic diagram of components in the channel 11 in some embodiments of the present application. For example, as shown in fig. 21 (a), the circulator filter integrated structure 10c in the present application includes 3 dielectric filters 100 and 1 circulator 200. Wherein one end of the 3 dielectric filters 100 is connected in parallel to the second end of the circulator 200. 3. One of the input and output terminals of each dielectric filter 100 is connected to a corresponding antenna 30.

In some ways of the present application, the following will be described in connection with the structure in the circulator filter integration structure 10 in the application scenario 1. Fig. 21 (B) shows an enlarged partial view of region B in fig. 12 (a), with the second annular end 202 of the circulator 200 being electrically connected to 3 conductor elements 300-1, 300-2, 300-3 and the conductor elements 300-1, 300-2, 300-3 being non-conductive to the ground plane of the dielectric filter by etching the conductive layer on the surface of the body 110.

The above-described circulator filter integration structure 10c can further reduce the difficulty of laying out the circulator 200 on the dielectric filter 100. For example, an electromagnetic wave signal with a wider frequency band is unidirectionally transmitted through one circulator, and a plurality of dielectric filters respectively filter out radio frequency signals in different frequency band ranges.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of dielectric filters in the circulator filter integrated configuration is 1, and the number of circulators is a plurality. Fig. 22 illustrates a schematic diagram of components in a channel in some embodiments of the present application. For example, as shown in fig. 22, in the circulator filter integrated structure 10d in the present application, one dielectric filter 100 and 3 circulators 200 may be included to further reduce the layout area occupied by the circulators 200. It will be appreciated that the electrical connection of 1 conductor member 300 to the second annular end 202 of 3 circulators 200 is achieved by etching the conductive layer on the surface of body 110, and that conductor member 300 is non-conductive to the ground plane of the dielectric filter.

In addition, the application further provides a radio frequency unit, which comprises a power amplifier tube and any one of the circulator filter integration structures. The transmitting end of the power amplification tube is electrically connected with the first conductor component of the annular filter integrated structure, and the fourth conductor component of the annular filter integrated structure is used for being electrically connected with the antenna. It will be appreciated that the rf unit may be an active antenna unit or a remote rf unit.

In addition, the application also provides a base station, which comprises at least any one of the radio frequency units.

Further advantages and effects of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, by describing embodiments of the present application with specific examples. While the description of the present application will be presented in conjunction with some embodiments, it is not intended that the features of this application be limited to only this embodiment. Rather, the purpose of the description presented in connection with the embodiments is to cover other alternatives or modifications, which may be extended by the claims based on the present application. The following description contains many specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, some specific details are omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring the focus of the application. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the above figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims (15)

1. A circulator filter integrated configuration (10) comprising a dielectric filter (100), a circulator (200) and a conductor member (300), said dielectric filter (100) being connected to said circulator (200);

electromagnetic wave signals in the dielectric filter (100) are transmitted to the circulator (200) through the conductor member (300), and electromagnetic wave signals in the circulator (200) are transmitted to the dielectric filter (100) through the conductor member (300).

2. The circulator filter integrated configuration (10) of claim 1, wherein the circulator (200) comprises at least three ends,

the conductor member (300) is disposed on the dielectric filter (100), and the conductor member (300) is non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter (100), and the conductor member (300) is electrically connected with one of the end portions of the circulator (200).

3. The circulator filter integrated configuration (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the dielectric filter (100) has a conductive layer, which is formed by etching with a ground layer and a transmission region, the ground layer acting as a ground plane for the dielectric filter (100), the conductor component (300) being located in the transmission region,

the conductor member (300) includes at least one of a pin, a conductor piece, a conductor block, and a conductor layer formed in the transmission region by etching the conductive layer.

4. A circulator filter integration structure (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that,

the dielectric filter (100) comprises a body (110), the body (110) comprises a first body and a second body which are connected, and the second body comprises a mounting part for mounting the circulator (200), and the mounting part comprises at least one of a mounting concave part and a mounting plane;

The first body and the second body in the dielectric filter (100) are integrally formed, or the first body and the second body are assembled into the body (110) of the dielectric filter (100) after being formed in a split mode.

5. The circulator filter integration structure (10) of claim 4, wherein the body (110) is provided with a receiving groove (160), and at least part of the conductor component (300) is located in the receiving groove (160).

6. The circulator filter integration structure (10) of claim 4, wherein the body includes a receiving face on which the conductor member (300) is disposed.

7. The circulator filter integration structure (10) of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the at least three ends comprise three ends, the circulator (200) comprising a permanent magnet (210), an insulator (220), a metal conductor layer (230) and a ferrite (240) laminated in sequence, the ferrite (240) interfacing with the dielectric filter (100);

the metal conductor layer (230) is in a three-fork structure, and three ends of the three-fork structure respectively form the three ends of the circulator (200).

8. The circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the circulator (200 a) comprises:

a ceramic substrate (240 a), wherein the ceramic substrate (240 a) comprises three branches distributed on the same plane, the three branches extend in a crossing way and are converged at a junction, the ceramic substrate (240 a) forms a superposed hole at the junction, and the ends of the three branches far away from the junction form at least three ends of a circulator (200 a) respectively;

a ferrite (230 a), wherein the ferrite (230 a) is accommodated at the bottom of the overlapping hole;

an insulator (220 a), wherein the insulator (220 a) is accommodated in the overlapping hole and overlapped on the surface of the ferrite (230 a);

and the permanent magnet (210 a) is accommodated at the top of the overlapping hole and overlapped on the surface of the insulator (220 a).

9. The circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the dielectric filter (100) comprises a first input output and a second input output, the at least three ends comprising a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the second end is electrically connected with the first input output of the dielectric filter (100), the circulator filter integration structure (10) further comprising:

-a first pin (400), said first pin (400) being electrically connected to said first end of said circulator (200) and to a signalling device (40);

a second pin (500), the second pin (500) being electrically connected to the second input/output of the dielectric filter (100) and to an antenna (30);

a third pin (600), said third pin (600) being electrically connected to said third end of said circulator (200) and to a receiving device (50),

the first pin (400), the second pin (500) and the third pin (600) are non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter (100).

10. The circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the dielectric filter (100) comprises a first input output and a second input output, the at least three ends comprising a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the second end is electrically connected with the first input output of the dielectric filter (100), the circulator filter integration structure (10) further comprising:

-a first pin (400), said first pin (400) being electrically connected to said first end of said circulator (200) and to a signalling device (40);

A second pin (500), the second pin (500) being electrically connected to the second input/output of the dielectric filter (100) and to an antenna (30);

a resistor (700), said resistor (700) being electrically connected to said third end of said circulator (200),

the first pin (400) and the second pin (500) are non-conductive with a ground plane of the dielectric filter (100).

11. The circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the number of dielectric filters (100) is one, the number of circulators (200) is at least one, the dielectric filters (100) comprise two input/output terminals, each of the circulators (200) comprises at least three end portions, and one of the input/output terminals of the dielectric filters (100) is electrically connected to one of the end portions of each of the circulators (200) via the conductor member (300), respectively.

12. The circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the number of dielectric filters (100) is at least one, the number of circulators (200) is one, each dielectric filter (100) comprises two input-output terminals, the circulator (200) comprises at least three end portions, one of the end portions of the circulator (200) is electrically connected to one of the input-output terminals of each dielectric filter (100) via the conductor member (300), respectively.

13. A radio frequency unit, characterized by comprising a power amplifier tube (20) and a circulator filter integration structure (10) according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein an output of the power amplifier tube (20) is electrically connected to an input of the circulator filter integration structure (10), and an input of the power amplifier tube (20) is electrically connected to a signaling device (40).

14. The radio frequency unit according to claim 13, further comprising an antenna (30), the antenna (30) being electrically connected to the input and output of each of the dielectric filters (100).

15. A base station comprising at least one set of radio frequency units as claimed in claim 13 or 14.

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