CN116359024A - True triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling - Google Patents
True triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The device comprises a supporting frame, a true triaxial mechanism and a drilling mechanism, wherein the true triaxial mechanism and the drilling mechanism are arranged on the supporting frame in parallel, and the true triaxial mechanism is provided with a heating temperature control backing plate, so that drilling experiments under the condition of multiple couplings can be completed, the drilling experiment is used for exploring the change of drilling machine motion parameters of different coal-bearing stratum samples in the drilling experiment under the condition of multiple couplings, and the parameters obtained by the experiment are closer to those obtained under the condition of an engineering site, so that the resolution accuracy of the rock property and stratum combination of the coal-bearing stratum can be greatly improved; the real triaxial stress loading device has the advantages that the real triaxial stress loading device can meet the real triaxial stress loading requirement and take temperature factors into consideration, the real stress environment of coal and rock can be accurately simulated, experimental study under multi-factor condition coupling is realized, parameters such as rotation speed, torque, displacement, drilling pressure of a drilling machine, real triaxial stress and the like in the drilling process of the drilling machine can be detected, the device can be used for multiple purposes, and different types of drilling experiments can be realized by replacing a drill rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling.
Background
The geological conditions of coal mines in China are complex and various, the rock properties and rock layer combinations in the coal-bearing stratum show obvious space differences, and advanced accurate detection of the geological conditions of the coal-bearing stratum in the tunneling process of coal mine tunnels is realized, so that the method has become one of important means for realizing green and safe mining of the coal mines.
In order to detect the mechanical properties of coal, rock and coal-rock combination in the coal-bearing stratum, various kinds of coal-rock mechanical parameter measuring devices while drilling are developed successively, various sensors are arranged on a drilling machine to acquire various parameters such as torque, rotating speed, drilling displacement and the like in the movement process of the drilling machine, and the drilling machine movement parameters are processed to obtain the mechanical properties of the coal, rock and coal-rock combination of the coal-bearing stratum.
However, the existing measurement device for the mechanical parameters of coal and rock while drilling has the problem of lack of basic theory, and the measured drilling machine motion parameters cannot be accurately explained, so that the rock properties and the rock layer combinations of coal-bearing strata cannot be accurately distinguished, and in order to research the special rules of the drilling machine motion parameters under different stratum conditions, experimental research is imperative.
At present, the experimental device for related research is relatively deficient, the existing experimental device has single function, and related experiments are not carried out under the condition of multiple couplings, so that the difference between the obtained experimental data and the acquired data under the field condition is often too large, and therefore, the summarized experience rules cannot be accurately applied to field practice.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method, which can be used for completing a drilling experiment of a drilling machine under a multi-coupling condition, so as to explore the change of drilling machine motion parameters of different coal-bearing stratum samples in the drilling experiment of the drilling machine under the multi-coupling condition, and the drilling machine motion parameters obtained under the multi-coupling condition are closer to parameters obtained under engineering field conditions, so that the resolution accuracy of the rock properties and stratum combination of the coal-bearing stratum can be greatly improved; the invention can meet the loading of the true triaxial stress, take the temperature factor into consideration, and accurately simulate the true stress environment of the coal rock, thereby realizing experimental study under multi-factor condition coupling, and being capable of detecting parameters such as the rotating speed, the torque, the displacement, the drilling pressure of the drilling machine, the magnitude of the true triaxial stress and the like in the drilling process of the drilling machine; the invention can also independently develop rock uniaxial compressive strength experiments and rock true triaxial experiments, thereby realizing one machine for multiple purposes; according to the invention, through replacing different types of drill rods, various different types of drilling experiments can be realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the experimental device for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling comprises a supporting frame, a true triaxial mechanism and a drilling mechanism; the true triaxial mechanism and the drilling mechanism are arranged on the supporting frame in parallel; the true triaxial mechanism comprises a pressure chamber, an axial hydraulic actuator, a first lateral hydraulic actuator, a second lateral hydraulic actuator, a third lateral hydraulic actuator and a fourth lateral hydraulic actuator; the axial hydraulic actuator is arranged at the front end of the pressure chamber; the first lateral hydraulic actuator and the second lateral hydraulic actuator are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber in a mirror symmetry mode; the third lateral hydraulic actuator and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator are arranged at the left end and the right end of the pressure chamber in a mirror symmetry mode; the rear end of the pressure chamber is provided with a detachable counter-force door sealing cover plate; the drilling mechanism is positioned behind the counter-force door closing cover plate.
The pistons of the axial hydraulic actuator, the first lateral hydraulic actuator, the second lateral hydraulic actuator, the third lateral hydraulic actuator and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator are hollow structures; an axial hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in a hollow piston of the axial hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder faces backwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and an axial pressure head and an axial cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder; a first side hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the first side hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder faces downwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a first side pressure head and a first side cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder; a second lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the second lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder faces upwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a second lateral pressure head and a second lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder; a third lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the third lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder faces to the right and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a third lateral pressure head and a third lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder; a fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder faces to the left and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a fourth lateral pressure head and a fourth lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder; and a counterforce cushion block is fixedly arranged at the center of the inner end of the counterforce door sealing cover plate, through-type pore passages are formed in the centers of the counterforce door sealing cover plate and the counterforce cushion block, and the through-type pore passages and the axial hydraulic cylinder are coaxially distributed.
The drilling mechanism comprises a drilling hydraulic cylinder, a servo motor, a chuck and a drill bit; the drilling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame, a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder faces the pressure chamber, and the drilling hydraulic cylinder, the through type pore canal and the axial hydraulic cylinder are coaxially distributed; the servo motor is fixedly arranged at the top end of a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder, the servo motor is fixedly connected with a sliding rack, the supporting frame is fixedly provided with a sliding rail, the sliding rack is slidably connected to the sliding rail, and the sliding rail and the drilling hydraulic cylinder are distributed in parallel; the chuck is coaxially and fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the servo motor, and the drill bit is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the chuck.
The axial hydraulic actuator, the first lateral hydraulic actuator, the second lateral hydraulic actuator, the third lateral hydraulic actuator, the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator, the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder, the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder and the drilling hydraulic cylinder are provided with displacement sensors and pressure sensors; and a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor are respectively arranged on the servo motor.
Heating temperature control backing plates are arranged on the surfaces of the first lateral cushion block, the second lateral cushion block, the third lateral cushion block and the fourth lateral cushion block, which are in contact with the coal rock sample; the heating temperature control backing plate is internally provided with a fluid circulation pore canal which is connected with fluid temperature control equipment outside the device through a pipeline.
The experimental method for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling adopts the experimental device for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling, and comprises the following steps:
step one: the prepared coal rock sample is sent into a pressure chamber and is firstly placed on the upper surface of a second lateral cushion block, a patch type temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the coal rock sample in advance, then a cylinder rod of a second lateral hydraulic cylinder is adjusted and controlled to extend upwards, the height of the coal rock sample is adjusted, and the central axis of the coal rock sample is consistent with the central axis of an axial hydraulic cylinder;
step two: the counter-force door sealing cover plate is arranged back to the pressure chamber, cylinder rods of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder are synchronously controlled to extend, centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the left-right direction is completed, then the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinders are controlled to extend, centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the front-back direction is completed, then the cylinder rods of the first lateral hydraulic cylinders are controlled to extend, and centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the up-down direction is completed;
step three: starting the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device to enable fluid with constant design temperature to circularly flow in a fluid flow pore canal in the heating temperature control backing plate, and further heating the coal rock sample in a heat exchange mode until the temperature of the coal rock sample detected by the patch type temperature sensor reaches the design temperature;
step four: controlling the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder to carry out true triaxial loading on the coal rock sample at the design temperature until the true triaxial load born by the coal rock sample reaches the design value;
step five: controlling the cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder to extend out, driving the servo motor, the chuck and the drill bit to synchronously move forward under the auxiliary matching guide of the sliding frame and the sliding rail, and enabling the drill bit to sequentially pass through the through hole at the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate and the counter-force cushion block until the top end of the drill bit is propped against the surface of the coal rock sample;
step six: starting a servo motor, driving a drill bit to rotate through a chuck, and then controlling a cylinder rod of a drilling hydraulic cylinder to extend continuously, so that the drill bit gradually drills into a coal rock sample until the drilling depth of the drill bit reaches a design value;
step seven: controlling the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder to retract, closing the servo motor at the same time until the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder withdraw from the through hole channels in the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate and the counter-force cushion block and retract to an initial position, unloading the true triaxial load of the coal rock sample, controlling the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder to retract to the initial position, closing the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device at the same time, then detaching the counter-force door sealing cover plate from the pressure chamber, and finally removing the coal rock sample from the pressure chamber;
step eight: and collecting the acquired data of the rotating speed sensor, the torque sensor, all the displacement sensors and the pressure sensors in the experiment into a computer, and analyzing and processing the data in the computer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method can complete a drilling machine drilling experiment under the condition of multiple couplings, is used for exploring the change of drilling machine motion parameters of different coal-bearing stratum samples in the drilling machine drilling experiment under the condition of multiple couplings, and can greatly improve the resolution accuracy of the rock properties and stratum combination of coal-bearing stratum, wherein the drilling machine motion parameters obtained under the condition of multiple couplings are more similar to parameters obtained under the condition of engineering sites; the invention can meet the loading of the true triaxial stress, take the temperature factor into consideration, and accurately simulate the true stress environment of the coal rock, thereby realizing experimental study under multi-factor condition coupling, and being capable of detecting parameters such as the rotating speed, the torque, the displacement, the drilling pressure of the drilling machine, the magnitude of the true triaxial stress and the like in the drilling process of the drilling machine; the invention can also independently develop rock uniaxial compressive strength experiments and rock true triaxial experiments, thereby realizing one machine for multiple purposes; according to the invention, through replacing different types of drill rods, various different types of drilling experiments can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (overlook) of a true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device (in experiment) of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram (right view) of a true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device (before experiment) according to the present invention;
in the figure, a 1-supporting frame, a 2-pressure chamber, a 3-axial hydraulic actuator, a 4-first lateral hydraulic actuator, a 5-second lateral hydraulic actuator, a 6-third lateral hydraulic actuator, a 7-fourth lateral hydraulic actuator, an 8-counter-force door closure plate, a 9-axial hydraulic cylinder, a 10-axial ram, a 11-axial cushion block, a 12-first lateral hydraulic cylinder, a 13-first lateral ram, a 14-first lateral cushion block, a 15-second lateral hydraulic cylinder, a 16-second lateral ram, a 17-second lateral cushion block, a 18-third lateral hydraulic cylinder, a 19-third lateral ram, a 20-third lateral cushion block, a 21-fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder, a 22-fourth lateral ram, a 23-fourth lateral cushion block, a 24-counter-force cushion block, a 25-through duct, a 26-drilling hydraulic cylinder, a 27-servo motor, a 28-chuck, a 29-drill bit, a 30-carriage, a 31-slide rail, a 32-coal sample, and a 33-heating temperature control cushion block.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an experimental device for measuring the mechanical parameters of true triaxial coal rock while drilling comprises a supporting frame 1, a true triaxial mechanism and a drilling mechanism; the true triaxial mechanism and the drilling mechanism are arranged on the supporting frame 1 in parallel; the true triaxial mechanism comprises a pressure chamber 2, an axial hydraulic actuator 3, a first lateral hydraulic actuator 4, a second lateral hydraulic actuator 5, a third lateral hydraulic actuator 6 and a fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7; the axial hydraulic actuator 3 is arranged at the front end of the pressure chamber 2; the first lateral hydraulic actuator 4 and the second lateral hydraulic actuator 5 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber 2 in a mirror symmetry manner; the third lateral hydraulic actuator 6 and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7 are arranged at the left end and the right end of the pressure chamber 2 in a mirror symmetry manner; the rear end of the pressure chamber 2 is provided with a detachable counter-force door sealing cover plate 8; the drilling mechanism is located behind the reaction door closure flap 8.
The pistons of the axial hydraulic actuator 3, the first lateral hydraulic actuator 4, the second lateral hydraulic actuator 5, the third lateral hydraulic actuator 6 and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7 are hollow structures; an axial hydraulic cylinder 9 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the axial hydraulic actuator 3, a cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder 9 faces backwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber 2, and an axial pressure head 10 and an axial cushion block 11 are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder 9; a first side hydraulic cylinder 12 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the first side hydraulic actuator 4, a cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder 12 faces downwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber 2, and a first side pressure head 13 and a first side cushion block 14 are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder 12; a second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the second lateral hydraulic actuator 5, a cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15 faces upwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber 2, and a second lateral pressure head 16 and a second lateral cushion block 17 are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15; a third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the third lateral hydraulic actuator 6, a cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18 faces to the right and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber 2, and a third lateral pressure head 19 and a third lateral cushion block 20 are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18; a fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7, a cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21 faces to the left and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber 2, and a fourth lateral pressure head 22 and a fourth lateral cushion block 23 are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21; the center of the inner end of the counter-force door sealing cover plate 8 is fixedly provided with a counter-force cushion block 24, the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate 8 and the counter-force cushion block 24 are provided with through type pore channels 25, and the through type pore channels 25 and the axial hydraulic cylinder 9 are coaxially distributed.
The drilling mechanism comprises a drilling hydraulic cylinder 26, a servo motor 27, a chuck 28 and a drill bit 29; the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame 1, a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 faces the pressure chamber 2, and the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26, the through type pore canal 25 and the axial hydraulic cylinder 9 are coaxially distributed; the servo motor 27 is fixedly arranged at the top end of a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26, the servo motor 27 is fixedly connected with a sliding frame 30, the supporting frame 1 is fixedly provided with a sliding rail 31, the sliding frame 30 is slidably connected to the sliding rail 31, and the sliding rail 31 and the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 are distributed in parallel; the chuck 28 is coaxially fixed to the motor shaft of the servo motor 27, and the drill 29 is coaxially fixed to the chuck 28.
The axial hydraulic actuator 3, the first lateral hydraulic actuator 4, the second lateral hydraulic actuator 5, the third lateral hydraulic actuator 6, the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7, the axial hydraulic cylinder 9, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder 12, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18, the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21 and the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 are provided with displacement sensors and pressure sensors; a rotation speed sensor and a torque sensor are respectively mounted on the servo motor 27.
The surfaces of the first side cushion block 14, the second side cushion block 17, the third side cushion block 20 and the fourth side cushion block 23, which are in contact with the coal rock sample 32, are respectively provided with a heating temperature control cushion plate 33; the heating temperature control backing plate 33 is internally provided with a fluid circulation duct, and the fluid circulation duct is connected with external fluid temperature control equipment of the device through a pipeline.
The experimental method for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling adopts the experimental device for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling, and comprises the following steps:
step one: the prepared coal rock sample 32 is sent into the pressure chamber 2 and is firstly placed on the upper surface of the second lateral cushion block 17, a patch type temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the coal rock sample 32 in advance, then the cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15 is adjusted and controlled to extend upwards, the height of the coal rock sample 32 is adjusted, and the central axis of the coal rock sample 32 is consistent with the central axis of the axial hydraulic cylinder 9; specifically, the coal rock sample 32 is a square sample, size option 150 x 150mm 100X 100mm or 100X 50mm;
step two: the counter-force door sealing cover plate 8 is installed back to the pressure chamber 2, the cylinder rods of the third side hydraulic cylinder 18 and the fourth side hydraulic cylinder 21 are synchronously controlled to extend to complete centering clamping of the coal rock sample 32 in the left-right direction, then the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinder 9 are controlled to extend to complete centering clamping of the coal rock sample 32 in the front-back direction, and then the cylinder rods of the first side hydraulic cylinder 12 are controlled to extend to complete centering clamping of the coal rock sample 32 in the up-down direction;
step three: starting the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device, enabling fluid with constant design temperature to circularly flow in a fluid flow channel in the heating temperature control backing plate 33, and further heating the coal rock sample 32 in a heat exchange mode until the temperature of the coal rock sample 32 detected by the patch type temperature sensor reaches the design temperature;
step four: the axial hydraulic cylinder 9, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder 12, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18 and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21 are controlled to carry out true triaxial loading on the coal rock sample 32 reaching the design temperature until the true triaxial load born by the coal rock sample 32 reaches the design value;
step five: the cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 is controlled to extend, and under the auxiliary matching guide of the sliding frame 30 and the sliding rail 31, the servo motor 27, the clamping head 28 and the drill bit 29 are driven to synchronously move forwards, so that the drill bit 29 sequentially passes through the through hole 25 at the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate 8 and the counter-force cushion block 24 until the top end of the drill bit 29 abuts against the surface of the coal rock sample 32;
step six: starting a servo motor 27, driving a drill bit 29 to rotate through a chuck 28, and then controlling a cylinder rod of a drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 to extend continuously, so that the drill bit 29 gradually drills into a coal rock sample 32 until the drilling depth of the drill bit 29 reaches a design value;
step seven: controlling the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 to retract and simultaneously closing the servo motor 27 until the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 26 withdraw from the through hole 25 in the centers of the counter-force door closing cover plate 8 and the counter-force cushion block 24 and retract to an initial position, unloading the true triaxial load of the coal rock sample 32, controlling the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinder 9, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder 12, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder 15, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder 18 and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder 21 to retract to the initial position, simultaneously closing the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device, then detaching the counter-force door closing cover plate 8 from the pressure chamber 2, and finally removing the coal rock sample 32 from the pressure chamber 2;
step eight: and collecting the acquired data of the rotating speed sensor, the torque sensor, all the displacement sensors and the pressure sensors in the experiment into a computer, and analyzing and processing the data in the computer.
The single-machine multi-purpose of the present invention will be described below by taking a rock uniaxial compressive strength test and a rock true triaxial test as examples, respectively.
When needing to develop rock unipolar compressive strength experiment, the rock sample adopts cylindrical sample, and the size is phi 50 x 100mm, and only first side direction hydraulic actuator 4 and second side direction hydraulic actuator 5 during the experiment, the pressure head is direct with hydraulic actuator's piston rigid connection, and the pneumatic cylinder does not work, and sensors such as foil gage are pasted in advance to the cylinder surface of rock sample, only apply the load to the rock sample in vertical direction through first side direction hydraulic actuator 4 and second side direction hydraulic actuator 5 to reach the purpose of developing rock unipolar compressive strength experiment.
When the rock true triaxial experiment needs to be carried out, the rock true triaxial experiment can be divided into a 'three-rigid' loading mode and a 'two-rigid-one-flexible' loading mode.
Under the 'tri-rigidity type' loading mode, the hydraulic device can be realized by matching an axial hydraulic actuator 3, a first lateral hydraulic actuator 4, a second lateral hydraulic actuator 5, a third lateral hydraulic actuator 6 and a fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7, a pressure head is directly and rigidly connected with a piston of the hydraulic actuator, a hydraulic cylinder does not work, and finally the aim of carrying out rock true triaxial experiments under the 'tri-rigidity type' loading mode is fulfilled.
In the "two-rigid-one flexible" loading mode, the axial hydraulic actuator 3 can provide a load in the direction of the maximum principal stress for the rock sample, while the first lateral hydraulic actuator 4 and the second lateral hydraulic actuator 5 provide a load in the direction of the intermediate principal stress for the rock sample, the ram is directly rigidly connected to the piston of the hydraulic actuator, the hydraulic cylinder does not work, and the third lateral hydraulic actuator 6 and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator 7 do not work. In addition, the pressure chamber 2 needs to be fully sealed, the through hole 25 on the counter-force sealing door cover plate 8 needs to be plugged, then pressure oil needs to be injected into the pressure chamber 2, and the load in the direction of the minimum main stress is provided for the rock sample through the pressure oil, namely confining pressure, so that the aim of developing a rock true triaxial experiment in a 'two-rigid-one-flexible' loading mode is finally achieved.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a true triaxial coal petrography mechanical parameters survey experimental apparatus while drilling which characterized in that: comprises a supporting frame, a true triaxial mechanism and a drilling mechanism; the true triaxial mechanism and the drilling mechanism are arranged on the supporting frame in parallel; the true triaxial mechanism comprises a pressure chamber, an axial hydraulic actuator, a first lateral hydraulic actuator, a second lateral hydraulic actuator, a third lateral hydraulic actuator and a fourth lateral hydraulic actuator; the axial hydraulic actuator is arranged at the front end of the pressure chamber; the first lateral hydraulic actuator and the second lateral hydraulic actuator are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber in a mirror symmetry mode; the third lateral hydraulic actuator and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator are arranged at the left end and the right end of the pressure chamber in a mirror symmetry mode; the rear end of the pressure chamber is provided with a detachable counter-force door sealing cover plate; the drilling mechanism is positioned behind the counter-force door closing cover plate.
2. The true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device while drilling according to claim 1, wherein: the pistons of the axial hydraulic actuator, the first lateral hydraulic actuator, the second lateral hydraulic actuator, the third lateral hydraulic actuator and the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator are hollow structures; an axial hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in a hollow piston of the axial hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder faces backwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and an axial pressure head and an axial cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the axial hydraulic cylinder; a first side hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the first side hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder faces downwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a first side pressure head and a first side cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the first side hydraulic cylinder; a second lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the second lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder faces upwards and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a second lateral pressure head and a second lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the second lateral hydraulic cylinder; a third lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the third lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder faces to the right and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a third lateral pressure head and a third lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder; a fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the hollow piston of the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator, a cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder faces to the left and extends to the inner side of the pressure chamber, and a fourth lateral pressure head and a fourth lateral cushion block are respectively arranged at the top end of the cylinder rod of the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder; and a counterforce cushion block is fixedly arranged at the center of the inner end of the counterforce door sealing cover plate, through-type pore passages are formed in the centers of the counterforce door sealing cover plate and the counterforce cushion block, and the through-type pore passages and the axial hydraulic cylinder are coaxially distributed.
3. The true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device while drilling according to claim 2, wherein: the drilling mechanism comprises a drilling hydraulic cylinder, a servo motor, a chuck and a drill bit; the drilling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame, a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder faces the pressure chamber, and the drilling hydraulic cylinder, the through type pore canal and the axial hydraulic cylinder are coaxially distributed; the servo motor is fixedly arranged at the top end of a cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder, the servo motor is fixedly connected with a sliding rack, the supporting frame is fixedly provided with a sliding rail, the sliding rack is slidably connected to the sliding rail, and the sliding rail and the drilling hydraulic cylinder are distributed in parallel; the chuck is coaxially and fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the servo motor, and the drill bit is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the chuck.
4. A true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: the axial hydraulic actuator, the first lateral hydraulic actuator, the second lateral hydraulic actuator, the third lateral hydraulic actuator, the fourth lateral hydraulic actuator, the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder, the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder and the drilling hydraulic cylinder are provided with displacement sensors and pressure sensors; and a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor are respectively arranged on the servo motor.
5. The true triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device while drilling according to claim 2, wherein: heating temperature control backing plates are arranged on the surfaces of the first lateral cushion block, the second lateral cushion block, the third lateral cushion block and the fourth lateral cushion block, which are in contact with the coal rock sample; the heating temperature control backing plate is internally provided with a fluid circulation pore canal which is connected with fluid temperature control equipment outside the device through a pipeline.
6. The experimental method for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling adopts the experimental device for measuring the mechanical parameters of the true triaxial coal rock while drilling according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: the prepared coal rock sample is sent into a pressure chamber and is firstly placed on the upper surface of a second lateral cushion block, a patch type temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the coal rock sample in advance, then a cylinder rod of a second lateral hydraulic cylinder is adjusted and controlled to extend upwards, the height of the coal rock sample is adjusted, and the central axis of the coal rock sample is consistent with the central axis of an axial hydraulic cylinder;
step two: the counter-force door sealing cover plate is arranged back to the pressure chamber, cylinder rods of the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder are synchronously controlled to extend, centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the left-right direction is completed, then the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinders are controlled to extend, centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the front-back direction is completed, then the cylinder rods of the first lateral hydraulic cylinders are controlled to extend, and centering clamping of the coal rock sample in the up-down direction is completed;
step three: starting the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device to enable fluid with constant design temperature to circularly flow in a fluid flow pore canal in the heating temperature control backing plate, and further heating the coal rock sample in a heat exchange mode until the temperature of the coal rock sample detected by the patch type temperature sensor reaches the design temperature;
step four: controlling the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder to carry out true triaxial loading on the coal rock sample at the design temperature until the true triaxial load born by the coal rock sample reaches the design value;
step five: controlling the cylinder rod of the drilling hydraulic cylinder to extend out, driving the servo motor, the chuck and the drill bit to synchronously move forward under the auxiliary matching guide of the sliding frame and the sliding rail, and enabling the drill bit to sequentially pass through the through hole at the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate and the counter-force cushion block until the top end of the drill bit is propped against the surface of the coal rock sample;
step six: starting a servo motor, driving a drill bit to rotate through a chuck, and then controlling a cylinder rod of a drilling hydraulic cylinder to extend continuously, so that the drill bit gradually drills into a coal rock sample until the drilling depth of the drill bit reaches a design value;
step seven: controlling the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder to retract, closing the servo motor at the same time until the cylinder rods of the drilling hydraulic cylinder withdraw from the through hole channels in the centers of the counter-force door sealing cover plate and the counter-force cushion block and retract to an initial position, unloading the true triaxial load of the coal rock sample, controlling the cylinder rods of the axial hydraulic cylinder, the first lateral hydraulic cylinder, the second lateral hydraulic cylinder, the third lateral hydraulic cylinder and the fourth lateral hydraulic cylinder to retract to the initial position, closing the external fluid temperature control equipment of the device at the same time, then detaching the counter-force door sealing cover plate from the pressure chamber, and finally removing the coal rock sample from the pressure chamber;
step eight: and collecting the acquired data of the rotating speed sensor, the torque sensor, all the displacement sensors and the pressure sensors in the experiment into a computer, and analyzing and processing the data in the computer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310393721.2A CN116359024A (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | True triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310393721.2A CN116359024A (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | True triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116359024A true CN116359024A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| CN202310393721.2A Pending CN116359024A (en) | 2023-04-13 | 2023-04-13 | True triaxial coal rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment device and method while drilling |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116359024A (en) |
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- 2023-04-13 CN CN202310393721.2A patent/CN116359024A/en active Pending
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