CN116358357A - Low-speed projectile target reporting system of light weapon - Google Patents
Low-speed projectile target reporting system of light weapon Download PDFInfo
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- CN116358357A CN116358357A CN202310116804.7A CN202310116804A CN116358357A CN 116358357 A CN116358357 A CN 116358357A CN 202310116804 A CN202310116804 A CN 202310116804A CN 116358357 A CN116358357 A CN 116358357A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J5/00—Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
- F41J5/06—Acoustic hit-indicating systems, i.e. detecting of shock waves
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
A low-speed projectile target reporting system of a light weapon comprises a standard foaming plastic target plate, an acoustic sensor detection array, a gun muzzle sound wave absorption trap, a mathematical calculation module, a wireless communication module and a shooter display module. According to the invention, the time difference of the sound pulse generated by the air pressure expansion of the bullet after passing through the foaming plastic target plate is utilized to be transmitted to each sensor, the position of the bullet corresponding to the target paper is calculated through the mathematical calculation module, and is transmitted to the shooter display module through the wireless communication module, so that the target-reporting image and text are finally provided for a shooter; according to the invention, the explosion sound wave of the gun muzzle is blocked and absorbed by utilizing the sound wave absorbing trap of the gun muzzle, so that the acoustic sensor detection array can accurately detect the time of the sound pulse reaching each sensor after the bullet passes through the target plate, and finally, the aim of accurately reporting the target is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The system relates to a system for reporting targets based on receiving acoustic pulses generated after low-speed shots pass through a target plate. Specifically, by the system, the low-speed projectile of the light weapon can be subjected to target reporting at night.
Background
The small arms for shooting low-speed bullets are mostly handguns, micro-impact and sports rifles, the speed of the bullets is lower than or close to the sound speed, and physical laws prove that bullets lower than the sound speed cannot generate ultrasonic waves, so that a plurality of shock wave target reporting devices for reporting targets by utilizing shock waves generated by the supersonic speed of the bullets cannot report targets of the low-speed bullets in the current market. Target reporting for low-speed projectiles has been a major challenge.
At present, a telescope or a camera is adopted to directly observe a bullet hole for target reporting in low-speed projectile training of a light weapon. The method has a plurality of problems, wherein the most main problem is that with the increase of the bullet holes on the target surface, whether the target paper is hit or not is difficult to distinguish by the telescope and the camera, and the target paper is required to be replaced by a person constantly going to the target position, so that potential safety hazards exist. Secondly, the telescope and the camera cannot observe at night, so that the low-speed ball firing training of the light weapon at night cannot be performed.
According to training requirements, manufacturers have developed target reporting devices that can be used for low-speed projectile shooting. The principle is that a sound-proof cavity is made as a target surface, sound waves of a muzzle opening which arrive before or simultaneously with the projectile are blocked by the sound-proof cavity, and 3 or 5 sensors are arranged at the bottom of the sound-proof cavity and used for detecting sound pulses of the projectile penetrating through the cavity. However, the volume and shape of the sound insulation cavity in the field environment can change along with the changes of temperature, humidity and the like, so that signal transmission is blocked, and calculation misalignment is formed; and because the sound insulation cavity which must eliminate the acoustic wave interference of the gun bore opening has high cost and large volume, the popularization is difficult.
Some manufacturers determine the impact point position by utilizing the ultrasonic wave receiving time of the ultrasonic wave generated at the impact point when the projectile hits the target plate and reaching each ultrasonic sensor respectively, but the non-ultrasonic signal generated by the impact of the low-speed projectile on the standard foamed plastic target plate under the interference of the muzzle wave and the transmission errors caused by different target plate materials cannot be solved. At present, the technical scheme can not provide target reporting products of low-speed pellets for the market.
The invention does not need an expensive sound insulation cavity, the target paper is directly attached to a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by armies and police, and the key point is that the rear end of the target plate adopts a trap to absorb but not isolate the sound wave at the gun bore, thereby directly replacing the expensive sound insulation cavity to solve the problem of sound wave interference; the invention adopts a plurality of acoustic sensors to form an array to solve the problem of target reporting precision, and the plurality of sensors can eliminate invalid data interference, reduce the overall uncertainty of signals in measurement and improve the target reporting precision.
The Chinese patent 'horizontal array ultrasonic automatic target-reporting device', patent claim 1 of publication No. CN200420024783.9 clarifies the claim of 'three horizontal array acoustic sensors are arranged below the inner side of the closed air pressure cavity'; chinese patent 'a closed U-shaped array ultrasonic automatic target reporting system', patent claim 1 of application number 202021053674.5 clarifies 'a closed U-shaped array ultrasonic automatic target reporting system'; patent claim 1 of chinese patent CN202010867852.6 states that "the ultrasonic wave receiving time at which the sound wave generated at the impact point when the shot hits the target plate reaches each of the ultrasonic sensors, respectively.
The invention is different from the 3 patents in that 1, the invention does not adopt an expensive closed cavity, but directly adopts a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by our army, and the acoustic trap with an upward opening is used for avoiding the acoustic wave interference of the gun bore opening. 2. The invention does not adopt 3 sensors or U-shaped arrays, adopts a linear sensor array formed by a plurality of common acoustic sensors, and is used for eliminating invalid data interference so as to reduce the overall uncertainty of signals in measurement, thereby improving the target reporting precision. 3. The invention does not collect ultrasonic waves generated at the impact point when the projectile hits the target plate, but collects acoustic pulse signals generated by the pressure release of high-speed air flow after the projectile passes through the target plate hole.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a low-speed projectile target reporting system of a light weapon, which has the beneficial effects of simple structure, high target reporting precision and capability of accurately reporting targets all day and night.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the accurate target reporting system for the low-speed projectile of the light weapon comprises a standard foaming plastic target plate, an acoustic sensor array, a gun muzzle sound wave absorption trap, a mathematical calculation module, a wireless communication module and a shooter display module;
the foaming plastic target plate is a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by army, the sensor array consists of a plurality of acoustic sensors, and in order to avoid being hit by misaligned shots, the acoustic detection array is positioned below the foaming plastic target plate;
the gun muzzle sound wave absorption trap consists of a narrow slit and sound absorbing materials and is positioned at two sides of the acoustic sensor array at the rear lower part of the standard foaming plastic target plate;
the mathematical calculation module collects time difference signal data of a plurality of sensors in the acoustic sensor array, and performs real-time processing and calculation on the data to form shooting hit achievement data;
the wireless communication module is used for transmitting the position information acquired by the acoustic sensor array of the target end and calculated by the mathematical calculation module to the shooter display module;
the shooter display module is used for receiving the position information transmitted by the wireless communication module and storing and displaying the shot image-text information.
The acoustic sensor is positioned at the rear end of the target plate, after the bullet passes through the standard type foamed plastic target plate, the high-speed airflow accompanied by the bullet can be rapidly released at the bullet hole of the manufactured foamed plastic target plate, so that an acoustic pulse is generated, the acoustic signal is directly transmitted to each acoustic sensor of the bottom sensor array along the foamed plastic target plate, the time difference received by each sensor can be calculated by a mathematical calculation module, the position of the bullet corresponding to the target paper can be transmitted to a shooter display module by a wireless communication module, and finally, the image-text display of the target is provided for the shooter. The standard type foaming plastic target plate commonly used by army and police has good bullet hole retractility and can bear thousands of bullet crossing without damage, thereby not affecting the detection of sound pulse and ensuring the target reporting precision;
because the speed of the low-speed projectile of the light weapon is close to the sound speed, the muzzle wave generated by the projectile shooting and the projectile passing through the target plate generate acoustic pulse aliasing, so that the signals acquired by the acoustic sensor array are mixed with great interference, and finally the positions of the projectile holes cannot be determined. In order to solve the problems, the gun muzzle sound wave trap consists of a narrow slit, the sensor array is arranged at the bottom of the narrow slit in a straight shape, and sound absorbing materials are coated on two sides of the narrow slit. The sound pulse generated by the projectile passing through the bullet hole can be unobstructed from the narrow slit to directly reach each acoustic sensor, but the muzzle sound wave which is not directly reached from the bullet hole of the target plate is absorbed by the sound absorbing material in the trap due to different transmission directions, and the muzzle sound wave trap can enable the acoustic sensor array to correctly detect that the projectile passes through the bullet hole to generate the sound pulse, so that the target can be accurately reported.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention has the following advantages for the existing small arms target reporting system:
the invention adopts the gun bore mouth acoustic wave trap, can avoid the interference of the acoustic wave of the gun bore mouth of the low-speed projectile to the acoustic sensor, and the linear array design formed by a plurality of sensors, and ensures the final calculation precision by a method of increasing the number of collected samples and the precise position arrangement of the sensors, thereby carrying out the position calculation on the projectile hitting the target plate and solving the problem of low-speed projectile target reporting of the light weapon.
The invention can accurately report targets at night. The invention adopts the acoustic technology, is not influenced by light, can accurately report targets for the low-speed shots at night, solves the problem that the telescope and the camera cannot observe the bullet holes on the target surface at night, and avoids the risk of manually changing target paper in a target range.
The invention has high cost performance. The invention adopts a common acoustic sensor, solves the problem of target reporting precision by using a plurality of sensors and corresponding algorithms, does not adopt a closed air pressure cavity as a consumable part, directly utilizes a standard foamed plastic target plate commonly used by armies and polices, has few additional consumable parts, and can save the purchase expense of the expensive closed air pressure cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low velocity projectile targeting system of a firearm of the present invention;
wherein 1 is a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by army; 2 is a bore mouth sound wave absorbing trap; 3 an acoustic detection array; 4 is a mathematical solution module; 5 is a wireless communication module; 6 is a shooter display module;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of acquisition of acoustic pulse signals according to the present invention;
wherein 7 is a low-speed projectile passing through the foamed plastic target plate; 1 is a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by army; 8 is the sound pulse generated when the bullet passes through the foaming plastic target plate; 9, transmitting an acoustic pulse signal to the sensor array along the target plate; 2 is a bore mouth sound wave absorbing trap, which absorbs interference sound waves transmitted from the bore mouth; 3 is a gun muzzle sound wave absorbing trap bottom acoustic sensor array;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a muzzle acoustic wave absorption trap of the present invention;
wherein 1 is a standard foaming plastic target plate; 10 is a muzzle sound wave absorbing material; 3 is a sensor array; 11 is a narrow slit of a bore hole sound wave absorption trap; 9 is that the acoustic signal passes through the narrow slit along the target plate without obstacle to reach the sensor array; 12 is the shell of muzzle sound wave absorbing trap;
FIG. 4 is a sensor array layout
1 is a standard foaming plastic target plate commonly used by army; 2 is a bore mouth sound wave absorbing trap; 3 is a sensor array arranged in a straight line; 13 is the shell of the bore hole acoustic wave absorbing trap;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a measured signal waveform without acoustic wave absorption trap treatment;
wherein 13 is an interference signal; 14 is the front edge of the signal to be collected;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a measured signal waveform using an acoustic wave absorption trap;
wherein 13 is an interference signal; 14 is the front edge of the signal to be collected;
Detailed Description
The invention provides a system for solving the problem of low-speed projectile target reporting of a small weapon, which can report targets of low-speed projectiles in firing practice, such as a pistol, a micro-impact rifle, a sports rifle and the like. The target information can be used for intuitively judging the aiming shooting skills and the achievements of the shooter in the ball firing training process.
In order to achieve the above objects and functions, the present invention adopts various technical means, and the system and information flow of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, respectively.
According to the figure 1, the system consists of a standard foaming plastic target plate, an acoustic sensor array, a gun muzzle sound wave absorption trap, a mathematical calculation module, a wireless communication module, a shooter display module and the like.
According to fig. 2, in order to prevent the acoustic wave interference of the muzzle and prevent the damage of the misaligned projectile from the sensor, a muzzle acoustic wave absorbing trap and an acoustic sensor array are arranged below a standard foamed plastic target plate commonly used by armies and polices. An array of sensors located within the bore hole acoustic wave absorbing trap can detect the acoustic pulse signal generated as the bullet passes through the expanded plastic target plate. An array of muzzle acoustic wave absorbing traps and acoustic sensors may also be provided on top of the target plate, as desired.
According to fig. 3, the sound wave absorbing trap at the muzzle is a narrow slit with two surfaces coated with sound absorbing material, and the sensor array is positioned at the bottom of the narrow slit. When the projectile passes through the standard type foaming plastic target plate, the generated sound pulse signal can directly reach the acoustic sensor array at the bottom of the narrow slit without barriers, and the interference sound waves transmitted from the gun bore are absorbed by sound absorbing materials at two sides of the trap due to different transmission directions, so that the sensor array at the bottom can accurately detect the required sound pressure pulse signal.
According to the method shown in fig. 4, an array formed by a plurality of acoustic sensors is arranged at the bottom of a bore sound wave absorption trap, invalid data interference can be eliminated by using a plurality of sensor technologies, the total uncertainty of signals in measurement is reduced, and the target reporting precision is improved.
According to fig. 5, the sound waveform that does not pass through the sound wave absorbing trap is disturbed by the muzzle wave, which causes disturbance in the extraction of the sound wave pulse signal.
According to fig. 6, the front edge of the sound wave passing through the sound wave absorbing trap is clean, the interference of the muzzle wave is absorbed by the sound wave absorbing trap, and the sound wave pulse signal is easy to extract.
The method for positioning the time difference of arrival of the sound pulse signal S (t) at each sensor is adopted for the position calculation of the impact point, and a positioning model is built and solved through the geometric position M of the sensor line array and the bullet penetration target surface position S.
The sound source signal at the position S of the bullet penetrating the target surface is S (t), n i (t) and n j (t) is sensor M i And M j Ambient noise, τ i And τ j Is the propagation time of the signal from the bullet hole to the two sensor elements. Because the target signals received by each array element of the sensor array are from the same source, the signals of all channels have stronger correlation, and the delay value is estimated according to the peak value of the cross-correlation function of the two signals through a generalized cross-correlation function delay estimation algorithm. By calculating the correlation function between every two signals, the time delay between the two detected signals can be determined. The received signals of the two sensors in the array are:
R XiXj (τ)＝a i a j E(s(t-τ i )s(t-τ j -τ))+a i E(s(t-τ i )n j (t-τ))
+a j E(s(t-τ j )n j (t))+E(n i (t)n j (t-τ))
due to s (t) and n i (t) and n j (t) are independent of each other, and the above equation is reduced to:
R Xixj (τ)＝a i a j R ss (τ-τ ij )
wherein τ ij ＝τ i -τ j Having the property of a correlation function, when R XiXj Maximum value τ=τ i -τ j I.e. the time delay between the two sensors. In the actual processing, due to reverberation and noise effects, R is caused in the time domain XiXj The peak value of (τ) is not obvious and the accuracy of the delay estimation is poor. Sharpening R for noise and reverberation interference suppression XiXj Peak value (τ), weighting the power spectrum in the frequency domain, the frequency domain weighting function being
The method for calculating the cross-correlation function by using the time domain convolution method has high calculation complexity, so that a linear convolution FFT algorithm is adopted to convert signals into a frequency domain for operation (FFT and IFFT), the frequency domain of the cross-correlation function of two signals is equal to the conjugate of the frequency domain of an X signal multiplied by the frequency domain of a Y signal, and finally the sensor m is obtained ij Time delay difference tau between ij 。
Since the distance d between the bullet passing through the target surface S and the acoustic pulse accords with the near field model, the waveform of the acoustic pulse signal S (t) of the bullet passing through the target surface reaching the sensor array is regarded as spherical wave, and τij is respectively the sensor m ij The time delay difference between them, sound velocity is c, r i ，r j Is m i ，m j Distance to position S:
to eliminate invalid data interference to reduce the overall uncertainty of the signal in the measurement and improve target accuracy, the system employs multiple arrays of acoustic sensors. A number of equations can be established based on the number of sensors:
and obtaining the accurate coordinates of the position s (x, y) of the bullet penetrating the target surface by solving the equation set.
The standard foamed plastic target board, the acoustic sensor, the sound absorbing material, the related mathematical algorithm, the wireless communication module, the shooter display module and the like mentioned in the invention are very mature technologies at present, and the invention is not described in detail. The invention only utilizes the mature technologies to construct a method and a system capable of determining the space position of the low-speed projectile, thereby creating an advanced low-speed projectile target-reporting means of the light weapon.
Claims (3)
1. A light weapon low-speed projectile accurate target reporting system, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a standard foaming plastic target plate, an acoustic sensor array, a gun bore sound wave absorption trap, a mathematical calculation module, a wireless communication module and a shooter display module;
the standard type foamed plastic target plate is a foamed plastic target plate commonly used by military police at present. The acoustic sensor array consists of a plurality of acoustic sensors which are arranged in a line and are positioned behind and below the foamed plastic target plate;
the gun muzzle sound wave absorption trap is positioned around the acoustic sensor array at the rear lower part of the foamed plastic target plate;
the mathematical calculation module collects time difference signal data of each acoustic sensor in the sensor array, and performs real-time processing and calculation on the data to form shooting hit achievement data;
the wireless communication module is used for collecting the acoustic sensor array of the target end and transmitting the position information which is calculated by the mathematical calculation module to the shooter display module;
the shooter display module is used for receiving the position information transmitted by the wireless communication module and storing and displaying the shot image-text information.
2. The low velocity projectile target system of claim 1 wherein a plurality of acoustic sensors are arranged in a line to form a sensor detection array, the array being positioned at the bottom of the rear of the target plate for receiving acoustic pulses generated by a projectile passing through the expanded plastic target plate.
3. The low-speed projectile target reporting system of a small arms as claimed in claim 1, wherein a narrow slit type muzzle sound wave absorbing trap is arranged on the periphery of the acoustic sensor detection array, sound absorbing materials are adhered to two sides of the acoustic sensor detection array, and sound waves blasted from the muzzle of a target surface are absorbed by the muzzle of a shooter, so that acoustic pulses generated after the bullets pass through a foamed plastic target plate can be accurately detected by the acoustic sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310116804.7A CN116358357A (en) | 2023-02-14 | 2023-02-14 | Low-speed projectile target reporting system of light weapon |
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| CN202310116804.7A CN116358357A (en) | 2023-02-14 | 2023-02-14 | Low-speed projectile target reporting system of light weapon |
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| CN116358357A true CN116358357A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| CN202310116804.7A Pending CN116358357A (en) | 2023-02-14 | 2023-02-14 | Low-speed projectile target reporting system of light weapon |
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