CN116355523A - Polyimide-based composite material coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyimide-based composite material coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116355523A CN116355523A CN202310197685.2A CN202310197685A CN116355523A CN 116355523 A CN116355523 A CN 116355523A CN 202310197685 A CN202310197685 A CN 202310197685A CN 116355523 A CN116355523 A CN 116355523A
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-dichlorophosphoryloxybenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1OP(Cl)(Cl)=O VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YGYCECQIOXZODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4415-87-6 Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2C1C1C(=O)OC(=O)C12 YGYCECQIOXZODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
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- C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
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- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyimide-based composite material coating, which comprises an MXene nano material and SiO 2 And polyimide, a process for its preparation comprising the steps of: s1, preparing an MXene nano material; s2, MXene-SiO 2 Is prepared by the steps of (1); s3, preparing polyamide acid; s4, MXene-SiO 2 -preparation of PI composite: weighing a certain mass of MXene-SiO 2 Dispersing nano material in corresponding aprotic polar organic solvent, dripping the nano material into polyamide acid solution, stirring for 30min to obtain three-stage mixed solution, coating the three-stage mixed solution on a substrate, vacuum drying to remove the solvent, and placing the substrate into a tubular furnace for heating in a program for thermal imidization to obtain MXene-SiO 2 -PI composite coating. The invention utilizes abundant active functional groups on the surface of the MXene nano materialThe negative charge on the surface can form strong combination with PI through electrostatic action; at the same time SiO 2 The introduction of the polymer can further increase the interlayer spacing of MXene, promote the stripping and transfer of the sheet layer, form a stable transfer film, improve the wear resistance of the coating and prolong the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials and coatings, in particular to a polyimide-based composite material coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Friction relates to the fields of petrochemical industry, aerospace, automobile parts and the like, such as bearings, gears, brakes, piston rings and the like. However, most of friction is unfavorable friction, which not only causes energy waste and low economic benefit, but also causes abrasion phenomenon during high-strength working operation of the machine, thereby causing the problems of shortened service life, reduced production capacity and the like of equipment, and serious safety accidents can be caused. It is reported that the annual energy loss due to friction is about 1/3 of the global primary energy, and thus, research into a solid composite material with a long service life has important economic and social benefits.
Since 1908 polyimide has been found, polyimide has been widely used in daily life, such as films, plastics, paints, gels, and the like, due to its superior characteristics of heat resistance, radiation resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical stability, and the like. The traditional method for synthesizing the polyimide film mainly comprises a one-step method, a two-step method and a three-step method, wherein the two-step method is most common, diamine and dianhydride are gradually polymerized in an aprotic polar solvent to form a polyamic acid solution, and then polyimide is obtained through thermal imine/chemical imidization. The thermal imidization method needs to be carried out under the high temperature condition to be gradually heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg), and has higher requirements on heating equipment, but has higher thermal imidization degree, thus being applicable to the preparation of films; chemical imidization is to carry out dehydration cyclization under the catalysis of a dehydrating agent such as acetic anhydride and an imidization catalyst such as triethylamine, pyridine and the like to generate polyimide, and is suitable for preparing polyimide powder. Although the temperature requirement of the method is greatly reduced compared with thermal imidization, the chemical imidization degree is less than the thermal imidization degree, and chemical reagents are required for dehydration catalysis, so that the cost is increased and the burden is added to the environment. At present, polyimide is prepared mainly by a thermal imidization method in China. Pure polyimide is a commercial material with excellent comprehensive performance, and when the pure polyimide is used for friction members, high-speed sliding is easy to cause friction heating degradation and plastic deformation of the surface of the material, so that high abrasion is caused. Thus, there is a need for a wear resistant polyimide-based composite coating and a method of making the same.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a wear-resistant polyimide-based composite coating and a method for preparing the same.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme.
A polyimide-based composite material coating comprises a MXene nano material and SiO 2 And polyimide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyimide-based composite coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of an MXene nano material: adding a MAX phase serving as a raw material into an HF solution, stirring the mixture for 24 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain etching solution, washing the etching solution with deionized water, centrifuging the etching solution to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging the precipitate until the supernatant after centrifuging is neutral, and drying the precipitate in vacuum to obtain the MXene nano material;
S2、MXene-SiO 2 is prepared from the following steps: dispersing the MXene nano material in a mixed solvent of ethanol, water and ammonia water to obtain a primary mixed solution, dropwise adding tetraethyl silicate into the primary mixed solution, heating for 4 hours under continuous stirring to obtain a secondary mixed solution, centrifuging and washing the secondary mixed solution until the pH value is neutral, and then drying in vacuum to obtain the MXene-SiO 2 ；
S3, preparing polyamide acid: adding a proper amount of aromatic diamine monomer into an aprotic polar organic solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the aromatic diamine monomer is completely dissolved, adding dianhydride monomer in batches under the ice water bath condition, and fully stirring for 12 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution;
S4、MXene-SiO 2 -curing of PI composite: weighing a certain mass of MXene-SiO 2 Nano materialDispersing the materials in a corresponding aprotic polar organic solvent, dripping the materials into a polyamic acid solution, stirring for 30min to obtain a tertiary mixed solution, coating the tertiary mixed solution on a substrate, vacuum drying to remove the solvent, and then placing the substrate into a tubular furnace for heating in a program for thermal imidization to obtain MXene-SiO 2 -PI composite coating.
Preferably, the MXene nanomaterial comprises Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Nb 2 CT x 、Ti 3 CNT x 、
(Ti 0.5 Nb 0.5 ) 2 CT x 、Nb 4 C 3 T x And Ta 4 C 3 T x At least one of the above is a HF concentration of 40% -50%.
Preferably, in the mixed solvent in the step S2, the concentration of ammonia water is 25% -28%, and the volume of ethanol is 5-10 times of that of water; siO (SiO) 2 The particle size of the particles is 100-300 nm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the tetraethyl silicate to the MXene nanomaterial in the step S2 is (2-25): 1.
Preferably, the aromatic diamine monomer in the step S3 is at least one of 4,4' -diaminodiphenyl ether, p-phenylenediamine and 4,4' -diamino-2, 2' -methylbiphenyl; the dianhydride monomer is at least one of 3,3',4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2, 3',4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride and cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride; the aprotic polar organic solvent is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide; the amount of aprotic organic solvent corresponds to a solids content of 10% to 20%.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the dianhydride monomer to the aromatic diamine monomer in the step S3 is 1.02-1; the reaction temperature is 0-5 ℃.
Preferably, in step S4, MXene-SiO 2 Accounting for 0.4 to 5 percent of the mass sum of the dianhydride monomer and the aromatic diamine monomer.
Preferably, the substrate in the step S4 is GCr15 steel, Q235 steel, 304 stainless steel, 316L steel, alumina, zirconia, copper, silicon and glass; the coating method comprises the steps of dripping, spin coating and knife coating, and the film thickness is 0.09-0.15 mm.
Preferably, the vacuum drying time in the step S4 is 3-5 hours, and the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃; the thermal imidization temperature is 100-350 ℃, and the gradient is 100 ℃ for 1h,150 ℃ for 1h,200 ℃ for 1h,250 ℃ for 1h,300 ℃ for 1h and 350 ℃ for 1h respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes abundant active functional groups and surface negative charges on the surface of the MXene nano material, and can form strong combination with PI through electrostatic action; at the same time SiO 2 The introduction of the polymer can further increase the interlayer spacing of the MXene, promote the stripping and transfer of the sheet layer, form a stable transfer film, improve the wear resistance of the coating and prolong the service life of the coating.
2. The coating can be used for materials such as automobiles, aviation, aerospace and the like, can keep the original high-temperature resistance of the polymer, has lubricating property, and reduces energy and substance loss caused by friction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of MXene-SiO prepared in example 4 2 Is a scanning electron microscope image of (1).
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of MXene-SiO prepared in example 4 2 Is a XRD diffractogram of (c).
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a polyimide-based composite coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, slowly adding 1.0g of Ti into 20mL of HF solution with mass concentration of 40% under low-speed stirring 3 AlC 2 Powder, completed within 10 min. After the addition, the stirring speed is increased to 400rpm, and etching is carried out for 24 hours; centrifuging the etching solution at 3500r/min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, repeatedly washing with water, centrifuging until the pH value of the supernatant is 7, and vacuum drying at 60deg.C for 8 hr to obtain Ti 3 C 2 T x 。
S2, 0.20g Ti 3 C 2 T x Powder supermillDispersing in 130mL ethanol and 25mL deionized water, adding 6mL ammonia water, and magnetically stirring to obtain a primary mixed solution. 2.00g of tetraethyl silicate was added dropwise to the primary mixture at a drop rate of 1 drop/sec. After the dripping is finished, the temperature is raised to 35 ℃ and the reaction is carried out for 4 hours, thus obtaining secondary mixed solution. Centrifuging the secondary mixed solution at 5000r/min, washing, vacuum drying at 60deg.C to obtain Ti 3 C 2 T x -SiO 2 。
S3, adding 4.0048g of 4,4' -diaminodiphenyl ether into 66mL of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min until the solution is completely dissolved. 4.3624g of pyromellitic dianhydride with the same molar ratio as 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ether is weighed and added into the 4,4' -diaminodiphenyl ether solution in three batches under high-speed stirring, and the addition is finished within 30 minutes according to the principle of more than less. And (3) reacting for 12 hours in an ice water bath to obtain the polyamic acid solution with the solid content of 12%.
S4, weighing 8.0000g of polyamic acid; weighing Ti according to the conversion of solid content 3 C 2 T x -SiO 2 Mass 0.0042g, dispersing with ultrasonic wave, adding into proper amount of N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring at high speed for 30min, uniformly coating on 304 stainless steel plate, placing into vacuum drying oven at 60deg.C for 4 hr to volatilize solvent completely, placing the treated stainless steel plate into tubular furnace, maintaining temperature at 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350deg.C for 1 hr at heating rate of 2 deg.C/min, and performing thermal imidization to obtain Ti 3 C 2 T x -SiO 2 0.4% by mass of MXene-SiO 2 -PI composite coating.
Example 2
The same preparation method as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO 2 Ti in the PI composite coating 3 C 2 T x /SiO 2 Corresponding to 0.8% of the mass fraction.
Example 3
The same preparation method as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO 2 Ti in the PI composite coating 3 C 2 T x /SiO 2 Corresponding to 1.2% of the mass fraction.
Example 4
The same preparation method as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO 2 Ti in the PI composite coating 3 C 2 T x /SiO 2 Corresponding to 1.6% of the mass fraction.
Example 5
The same preparation method as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO 2 Ti in the PI composite coating 3 C 2 T x /SiO 2 Corresponding to 2.0% of the mass fraction.
Comparative example 1
The same preparation method as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO 2 Ti in the PI composite coating 3 C 2 T x /SiO 2 Corresponding to 0 percent by mass, namely, no MXene-SiO is added 2 。
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same as in example 1, except that MXene-SiO was used 2 SiO in PI composite coating 2 1.6% of the corresponding mass fraction, i.e. without adding Ti 3 C 2 T x 。
The polyimide-based composite coatings of examples 1 to 5, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were subjected to frictional wear test under the following experimental conditions: the load is 5N, the sliding speed is 300r/min, the sliding time is 30min, the rotating radius is 3mm, and the abrasion loss is measured by adopting a self-contained contact abrasion module of a friction abrasion testing machine and the abrasion rate is calculated. Wherein the friction coefficient formula is μ=f/N, where f is the friction force and N is the load. The wear rate calculation formula is K=DeltaV/FL; wherein K represents the wear rate, mm3/Nm; deltaV represents the abrasion loss, mm3; f represents a load, N; l represents the sliding distance, m. The frictional wear test data are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 polyimide-based composite coatings of examples 1-5, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were subjected to frictional wear testing
From Table 1It can be seen that the polyimide-based composite material coating prepared by the invention is coated on Ti 3 C 2 T x -SiO 2 At a content of 1.6wt%, the average wear rate was lowest, 90.89% lower than that of pure PI, and the same ratio of SiO 2 PI reduction of 45.05%, indicating MXene and SiO 2 The abrasion resistance of the composite material is improved by synergistic effect.
The foregoing is a description of specific embodiments of the invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and that these obvious alternatives fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polyimide-based composite coating is characterized by comprising an MXene nano material and SiO 2 And polyimide.
2. A method of preparing the polyimide-based composite coating of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparation of an MXene nano material: adding a MAX phase serving as a raw material into an HF solution, stirring the mixture for 24 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain etching solution, washing the etching solution with deionized water, centrifuging the etching solution to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate with deionized water, centrifuging the precipitate until the supernatant after centrifuging is neutral, and drying the precipitate in vacuum to obtain the MXene nano material;
S2、MXene-SiO 2 is prepared from the following steps: dispersing the MXene nano material in a mixed solvent of ethanol, water and ammonia water to obtain a primary mixed solution, dropwise adding tetraethyl silicate into the primary mixed solution, heating for 4 hours under continuous stirring to obtain a secondary mixed solution, centrifuging and washing the secondary mixed solution until the pH value is neutral, and then drying in vacuum to obtain the MXene-SiO 2 ；
S3, preparing polyamide acid: adding a proper amount of aromatic diamine monomer into an aprotic polar organic solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the aromatic diamine monomer is completely dissolved, adding dianhydride monomer in batches under the ice water bath condition, and fully stirring for 12 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution;
S4、MXene-SiO 2 -curing of PI composite: weighing a certain mass of MXene-SiO 2 Dispersing nano material in corresponding aprotic polar organic solvent, dripping the nano material into polyamide acid solution, stirring for 30min to obtain three-stage mixed solution, coating the three-stage mixed solution on a substrate, vacuum drying to remove the solvent, and placing the substrate into a tubular furnace for heating in a program for thermal imidization to obtain MXene-SiO 2 -PI composite coating.
3. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the MXene nanomaterial comprises Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Nb 2 CT x 、Ti 3 CNT x 、(Ti 0.5 Nb 0.5 ) 2 CT x 、Nb 4 C 3 T x And Ta 4 C 3 T x At least one of the above, the concentration of HF is 40% -50%.
4. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein in the mixed solvent in step S2, the concentration of the ammonia water is 25% -28%, and the volume of the ethanol is 5-10 times of that of the water; step S2 is described as SiO 2 The particle size of the particles is 100-300 nm.
5. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the tetraethyl silicate to the MXene nanomaterial in the step S2 is (2-25): 1.
6. The method of preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the aromatic diamine monomer in step S3 is at least one of 4,4' -diaminodiphenyl ether, p-phenylenediamine, and 4,4' -diamino-2, 2' -methylbiphenyl; the dianhydride monomer is at least one of 3,3',4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2, 3',4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride and cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride; the aprotic polar organic solvent is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide; the amount of the aprotic organic solvent corresponds to 10% -20% of solid content.
7. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of dianhydride monomer to aromatic diamine monomer in step S3 is 1.02 to 1; the reaction temperature is 0-5 ℃.
8. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the MXene-SiO in step S4 2 Accounting for 0.4 to 5 percent of the mass sum of the dianhydride monomer and the aromatic diamine monomer.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the substrate in step S4 is GCr15 steel, Q235 steel, 304 stainless steel, 316L steel, alumina, zirconia, copper, silicon, or glass; the coating method comprises the steps of dripping, spin coating and knife coating, and the film thickness is 0.09-0.15 mm.
10. The method for preparing a polyimide-based composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum drying time in step S4 is 3 to 5 hours and the drying temperature is 70 to 80 ℃; the temperature of the thermal imidization is 100-350 ℃, and the gradient is 100 ℃ for 1h,150 ℃ for 1h,200 ℃ for 1h,250 ℃ for 1h,300 ℃ for 1h and 350 ℃ for 1h respectively.
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