CN116352441B - Method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plate materials - Google Patents
Method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plate materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN116352441B CN116352441B CN202310251596.1A CN202310251596A CN116352441B CN 116352441 B CN116352441 B CN 116352441B CN 202310251596 A CN202310251596 A CN 202310251596A CN 116352441 B CN116352441 B CN 116352441B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates, which relates to the technical field of manufacturing automobile parts and comprises the following steps: step one, blanking; step two, preforming: preforming the bottom shape of the part along the axial direction of the part according to the characteristics of the part; step three, flanging and forming: forming the shape of the side wall of the part according to the characteristics of the side wall of the part; step four, laterally trimming: according to the characteristics and process requirements of the parts, trimming the whole strip or trimming the part of the strip; step five, lateral preforming: the side wall is preformed into a shape which is beneficial to buckling; step six, buckling and upsetting: core rods are arranged at two ends of the part, the die is closed, and the cross section of the part is buckled and upset to obtain a closed cross section shape with stable shape and accurate size and an accurate buckling gap; welding: welding a buckling gap uniformly along the axial direction of the part; and step eight, laser cutting. The invention can realize the manufacture of closed beam parts with special shape, complexity and large cross section size change.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile part manufacturing, in particular to a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, thin-wall, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates.
Background
The closed variable cross-section beam type part in the common automobile bottom suspension system has the following characteristics: the wall thickness is the thickness of the steel plate which can be produced by cold rolling or hot rolling the steel plate; the parts are made of common plates, high-rigidity plates and unequal material thick plates (variable material thick plates); cutting along the axial direction of the part to obtain special-shaped closed sections, wherein the shapes and the sizes of the sections are different; the parts are axially sectioned to obtain different unfolding lengths of the closed sections; the two ends of the part are in fit relation with other parts, and the requirements on the accuracy of the section size and the fit boundary size are high.
Generally, such parts are manufactured by hydraulic methods, and because of the complex structure of the parts, the shapes of the cross sections of the parts along the axial direction are different, the sizes of the parts are greatly changed, and the hydraulic methods cannot be realized.
Problems encountered in hydraulically producing tubular parts:
1. the production equipment is relatively complex: in addition to the need for oil presses for press working, there is also a need for a hydraulic system capable of providing higher pressures, which is used in combination with the press as an auxiliary device;
2. the production efficiency of hydraulic production is relatively low: the method comprises the steps that each part is produced, a press is needed to complete a stroke, high-pressure liquid is added into a pipe blank, the pipe blank is expanded to be attached to a die cavity under the action of the high-pressure liquid, the time of the process is about 40-50 seconds, and the SPM value is about 1.2 times/minute;
3. because the blank for hydraulic forming of the tube blank is a circular tube, the cross section of the tube blank has the same size, and is influenced by the material performance and the hydraulic forming process, the larger cross section size change is difficult to realize; the allowable variation of the cross section size of the part is small, the part with large variation of the cross section size is thinned greatly, and when the deformation limit of the material is exceeded, the cracking risk occurs, so that the strength of the part is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates, which has low requirements on production equipment and high production efficiency and can realize the manufacture of the special-shaped, complex and closed beam parts with large section size variation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates, which comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking: prefabricating blanks with certain contour shapes by using plates;
step two, preforming: preforming the bottom shape of the part along the axial direction of the part according to the characteristics of the part;
step three, flanging and forming: forming the shape of the side wall of the part according to the characteristics of the side wall of the part;
step four, laterally trimming: according to the characteristics and process requirements of the parts, trimming the whole strip or trimming the part of the strip;
step five, lateral preforming: the side wall is preformed into a shape which is beneficial to buckling;
step six, buckling and upsetting: core rods are arranged at two ends of the part, the die is closed, and the cross section of the part is buckled and upset to obtain a closed cross section shape with stable shape and accurate size and an accurate buckling gap;
welding: welding a buckling gap uniformly along the axial direction of the part;
step eight, laser cutting: cutting the required boundaries and holes of the parts.
Preferably, in the second step, the bottom surface of the preformed first upper die and the cavity surface of the first lower die are identical or close to the bottom surface of the part.
Preferably, in the second step, the preforming includes the following steps:
a1, placing the blank on the upper plane of a first lower die;
a2, pressing the outer periphery of the blank by adopting a material pressing device;
a3, closing the first upper die and the first lower die, and stamping the bottom shape of the part.
Preferably, in the third step, the flanging forming includes the following steps:
b1, placing the working procedure piece obtained in the step two in a second lower die;
and B2, closing the second upper die and the second lower die, and stamping the bottom and the side surface of the part.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the lateral trimming includes the steps of:
c1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step three by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece on a third lower die with a downward opening;
c2, laterally trimming to a required position.
Preferably, when the side trimming is performed, the position of the side trimming line is adjusted, so that the cross section size before buckling is controlled to be larger than the cross section unfolding size of the corresponding position of the part.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the lateral preforming includes the steps of:
d1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step four by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece between a fourth upper die and a fourth lower die with an upward opening;
d2, laterally shaping to a shape favorable for buckling.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the buckling upsetting includes the following steps:
e1, respectively inserting two ends of the working procedure piece obtained in the step four into the core rods;
e2, the fifth upper die and the fifth lower die are buckled to form a closed cross-sectional shape.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the production mode of stamping by using the steel plate has low requirements on production equipment: can be produced by conventional common stamping equipment (oil press, mechanical press);
2. the production efficiency is high: the multi-station press is used for realizing automatic production, and the SPM value (stroke number per minute) can reach 12-15 times/minute;
3. the manufacturing of the closed beam parts with special shapes, complexity and large cross section size variation can be realized through repeated stamping forming, and the stress distribution state expected by the concerned region is obtained through different process modeling;
4. the internal stress of the butt joint area is realized as the distribution of compressive stress: by controlling the dimensions of the blank, a compressive stress distribution in the butt joint region is achieved, which brings the advantages that: realizing the good die attachment of parts; obtaining a stable and high-precision butt joint gap; the rebound of the part is reduced; the fatigue life of the part is prolonged, and the generation of fatigue cracking is relieved;
5. the beam parts of the high-strength plate and the unequal-thickness steel plate are more beneficial to weight reduction of the vehicle body;
6. and core rods are arranged at key positions at two ends of the part, so that the dimensional accuracy and dimensional stability of the part are obviously improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a part produced by the method of the present invention for stamping shaped, closed, variable cross-section beam-like parts from sheet stock;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of a part manufactured by the method of the present invention for stamping shaped, closed, variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet stock;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of various locations of a part made by the method of the present invention for stamping shaped, closed, variable cross-section beam-like parts from sheet stock;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a method of stamping a shaped, closed, variable cross-section beam-like part from a sheet material in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a step one of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a second schematic diagram of the step of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of a preform obtained in step two of the present invention;
FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a third step of the present invention;
FIG. 7b is a schematic illustration of a preform obtained in step three of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a step four schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a schematic representation of a preform obtained in step four of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a fifth step schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a schematic illustration of a preform obtained in step five of the present invention;
FIG. 10a is a schematic view of an insert mandrel in step six of the present invention;
FIG. 10b is a schematic diagram showing the fifth upper mold and the fifth lower mold in the sixth step of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a seventh step of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a step eight of the present invention;
wherein: 1-blank, 2-first upper die, 3-first lower die, 4-swage, 5-part, 6-second upper die, 7-second lower die, 8-third lower die, 9-fourth upper die, 10-fourth lower die, 11-fifth upper die, 12-fifth lower die, 13-core rod, 14-weld.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates, which has low requirements on production equipment and high production efficiency and can realize the manufacture of the special-shaped, complex and closed beam parts with large section size variation.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12: the embodiment provides a method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates, which comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking: prefabricating a blank 1 with a certain contour shape by using a plate material;
step two, preforming: preforming the bottom shape of the part 5 along the axial direction of the part 5 according to the characteristics of the part 5;
in the second step, the bottom surface of the preformed first upper die 2 and the cavity surface of the first lower die 3 are consistent with or close to the bottom surface of the part 5; the preforming comprises the following steps:
a1, placing a blank 1 on the upper plane of a first lower die 3;
a2, pressing the outer periphery of the blank 1 by adopting a pressing device 4;
a3, closing the first upper die 2 and the first lower die 3, and stamping the bottom shape of the part 5;
step three, flanging and forming: forming the shape of the side wall of the part 5 according to the characteristics of the side wall of the part 5;
in the third step, the flanging forming comprises the following steps:
b1, placing the working procedure piece obtained in the step two in a second lower die 7;
b2, closing the second upper die 6 and the second lower die 7, and stamping the side shape of the part 5;
when the bottom surface of the preformed first upper die 2 and the cavity surface of the first lower die 3 are inconsistent or not close to the bottom surface of the part 5, only the approximate shape of the bottom of the part 5 is punched in the second step, and the side surface shape of the part 5 is punched in the second step, and the bottom shape of the part 5 is punched at the same time;
step four, laterally trimming: according to the characteristics and process requirements of the part 5, the whole strip is trimmed or a part of the strip is trimmed;
in the fourth step, the lateral trimming comprises the following steps:
c1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step three by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece on a third lower die 8 with an opening facing downwards;
c2, laterally trimming to a required position;
in the embodiment, when the side trimming is performed, the position of the side trimming line is adjusted, the cross section size before buckling is controlled to be larger than the cross section unfolding size of the corresponding position of the part 5, and the mutual extrusion of materials at the opening in the buckling process is realized, so that the compressive stress distribution is obtained, the more the materials left by the side trimming are, the more serious the extrusion is, the larger the compressive stress is, and the larger the compressive stress distribution area is; the compressive stress brings the advantages that: realizing good die bonding of the part 5; obtaining a stable and high-precision butt joint gap; reducing the rebound of the part 5; the fatigue life of the part 5 is prolonged, and the generation of fatigue cracking is relieved;
step five, lateral preforming: the side wall is preformed into a shape which is beneficial to buckling;
in step five, the lateral preforming comprises the following steps:
d1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step four by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece between a fourth upper die 9 and a fourth lower die 10 with an upward opening;
d2, laterally shaping to a shape favorable for buckling;
step six, buckling and upsetting: core rods 13 are placed at two ends of the part 5, the mold is closed, and the cross section of the part 5 is buckled and upset to obtain a closed cross section shape with stable shape and accurate size and an accurate buckling gap;
in the sixth step, the buckling upsetting comprises the following steps:
e1, respectively inserting two ends of the working procedure piece obtained in the step four into the core rods 13;
e2, the fifth upper die 11 and the fifth lower die 12 are buckled to form a closed cross-sectional shape;
welding: welding the buckling gaps uniformly along the axial direction of the part 5 to form a welding seam 14;
step eight, laser cutting: cutting the desired boundaries and holes of the part 5.
The embodiment provides a method for forming a special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam part with low cost, high efficiency, large cross section size change, high butt joint quality of a joint and compressive stress of internal stress, which has the following advantages:
1. the production mode of stamping by using the steel plate has low requirements on production equipment: can be produced by conventional common stamping equipment (oil press, mechanical press);
2. the production efficiency is high: the multi-station press is used for realizing automatic production, and the SPM value (stroke number per minute) can reach 12-15 times/minute;
3. the closed beam parts with special shape, complexity and large cross section size change can be realized through repeated stamping forming, and the stress distribution state expected by the concerned region is obtained through different process modeling;
4. the internal stress of the butt joint area is realized as the distribution of compressive stress: by controlling the dimensions of the blank 1, a compressive stress distribution in the butt region is achieved. The compressive stress brings the advantages that: realizing good die bonding of the part 5; obtaining a stable and high-precision butt joint gap; reducing the rebound of the part 5; the fatigue life of the part 5 is prolonged, and the generation of fatigue cracking is relieved;
5. the forming of the common plate, the high-strength plate and the plate with unequal material thickness can be realized. The beam parts of the high-strength plate and the unequal-material thick steel plate are more beneficial to the weight reduction of the vehicle body;
6. core rods 13 are arranged at key positions at two ends of the part 5, so that the dimensional accuracy and dimensional stability of the part 5 are remarkably improved.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plates is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking: prefabricating blanks with certain contour shapes by using plates;
step two, preforming: preforming the bottom shape of the part along the axial direction of the part according to the characteristics of the part;
step three, flanging and forming: forming the shape of the side wall of the part according to the characteristics of the side wall of the part;
step four, laterally trimming: according to the characteristics and process requirements of the parts, trimming the whole strip or trimming the part of the strip;
when the side trimming is performed, the cross section size before buckling is controlled to be larger than the cross section unfolding size of the corresponding position of the part by adjusting the position of the side trimming line;
step five, lateral preforming: the side wall is preformed into a shape which is beneficial to buckling;
step six, buckling and upsetting: core rods are arranged at two ends of the part, the die is closed, and the cross section of the part is buckled and upset to obtain a closed cross section shape with stable shape and accurate size and an accurate buckling gap;
welding: welding a buckling gap uniformly along the axial direction of the part;
step eight, laser cutting: cutting the required boundaries and holes of the parts.
2. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the bottom surface of the preformed first upper die and the cavity surface of the first lower die are consistent with or close to the bottom surface of the part.
3. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the preforming includes the following steps:
a1, placing the blank on the upper plane of a first lower die;
a2, pressing the outer periphery of the blank by adopting a material pressing device;
a3, closing the first upper die and the first lower die, and stamping the bottom shape of the part.
4. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the flanging forming comprises the following steps:
b1, placing the working procedure piece obtained in the step two in a second lower die;
and B2, closing the second upper die and the second lower die, and stamping the bottom and the side surface of the part.
5. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the lateral trimming comprises the following steps:
c1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step three by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece on a third lower die with a downward opening;
c2, laterally trimming to a required position.
6. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the lateral preforming includes the following steps:
d1, rotating the working procedure piece obtained in the step four by 180 degrees, and placing the working procedure piece between a fourth upper die and a fourth lower die with an upward opening;
d2, laterally shaping to a shape favorable for buckling.
7. The method for stamping shaped, closed and variable cross-section beam type parts from sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the buckling upsetting comprises the following steps:
e1, respectively inserting two ends of the working procedure piece obtained in the step four into the core rods;
e2, the fifth upper die and the fifth lower die are buckled to form a closed cross-sectional shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310251596.1A CN116352441B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plate materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310251596.1A CN116352441B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Method for stamping and forming special-shaped, closed and variable-section beam parts by using plate materials |
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| CN116352441A CN116352441A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
| CN116352441B true CN116352441B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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| CN112916754A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-08 | 十堰市天策模具股份有限公司 | Floor front cross beam stamping process method |
| CN114535412A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 保隆(安徽)汽车配件有限公司 | Internal high-pressure one-step forming method for torsion beam |
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| CN115647203A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-31 | 海宁正轩汽车轻量化零部件有限公司 | Manufacturing process of automobile beam |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5378738B2 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of closed structure member, press molding apparatus |
| CN112024692B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ultra-low pressure liquid-filling forming system and method for special-shaped component |
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2023
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5987950A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-11-23 | Cosma International Inc. | Hydroforming of a tubular blank having an oval cross section |
| CN1792544A (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2006-06-28 | 重庆工学院 | Tech. for forging forming of hook fastener flame of wagon and maould thereof |
| CN102092259A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 金华福多纳机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing variable-cross-section vehicle trailing arm member |
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| CN112916754A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-08 | 十堰市天策模具股份有限公司 | Floor front cross beam stamping process method |
| CN114535412A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 保隆(安徽)汽车配件有限公司 | Internal high-pressure one-step forming method for torsion beam |
| CN114749509A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-15 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Unequal-thickness tubular torsion beam and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115647203A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-31 | 海宁正轩汽车轻量化零部件有限公司 | Manufacturing process of automobile beam |
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