CN116352199A - Self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and use method thereof - Google Patents
Self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116352199A CN116352199A CN202310643645.6A CN202310643645A CN116352199A CN 116352199 A CN116352199 A CN 116352199A CN 202310643645 A CN202310643645 A CN 202310643645A CN 116352199 A CN116352199 A CN 116352199A
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- grinding block
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/06—Electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing
- B23H5/08—Electrolytic grinding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of special machining. The central shaft, the connecting rod, the side link I and the side link II are hinged into a plane four-bar mechanism by a pin shaft. The coarse grinding block and the fine grinding block are arranged on two sides of a cathode of the connecting rod, the sliding block is hinged with a plurality of groups of planar four-bar mechanisms through the ejector rod, the ejector rod drives the four-bar mechanisms to rotate under the action of spring force, and the grinding block is driven to expand and press towards a workpiece, and meanwhile, the cathode and the inner wall keep constant machining gap. The axial position of the adjusting nut is adjusted, so that the spring drives the sliding block to axially move along the central shaft, and the ejector rod drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate, so that the grinding block is always in an expanded state, and the polishing device is suitable for polishing an inner hole with a variable cross section. The novel self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool has adjustable size, simple structure and easy operation, improves the accessibility of electrolytic grinding processing, and can realize the finishing processing of the inner hole with the variable cross section in a certain size range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of special machining.
Background
The metal additive manufacturing technology is not limited by the traditional processing technology, can be used for optimizing or freely remolding in the product design link, greatly reduces the working difficulty and time loss of the subsequent process flow, and is widely applied to the manufacturing of key complex parts in the fields of mould manufacturing, biomedical treatment, aerospace and the like. However, the surface of the metal additive manufactured and formed is provided with a large amount of sticky powder and slag particles, so that when a fluid medium flows through an inner hole pipeline, the on-way resistance of the fluid is increased to reduce the fluid conveying efficiency, and the dropping of the sticky powder and the slag particles reduces the purity of the conveying medium, so that the due performance of the metal additive can be exerted to the greatest extent only after specific post-treatment.
At present, common inner hole polishing methods comprise traditional processing methods such as grinding, polishing wheels, power brushes, rolling and the like, the processing precision of the methods is high, the surface quality is good, the method is limited by the size and the shape of a processing unit, the method is difficult to be applied to polishing of inner holes with variable cross sections, and the efficiency is low when materials difficult to process are polished; the electrolytic machining has the characteristics of high machining efficiency, no loss of tool electrodes, no stress in machining, good surface integrity and the like, and is suitable for efficiently machining various difficult-to-machine metal materials. However, the electrolytic machining gap is small (0.1-1 mm), and when the retained sticky powder of the inner hole wall is more and the grain size of the hanging slag is larger, short circuit is easy to occur between the workpiece anode and the tool cathode.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an inner hole polishing apparatus and method that has a wide application range, high processing efficiency, good surface quality, and is less affected by the original roughness of the processed surface and the preliminary molding method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-expanding electrolytic grinding combined polishing variable cross-section inner hole tool and a method, which can adapt to polishing of inner holes with different sizes.
A self-expanding electrolytic grinding and polishing tool comprises a central shaft, a side link I, a side link II, a fine grinding block, a connecting rod, a cathode, a coarse grinding block, a push rod, a sliding block, a spring and an adjusting nut; the central shaft, the side link I, the side link II and the connecting rod are linked by a pin shaft to form a plane four-bar mechanism; the sliding block is hinged with the planar four-bar mechanism through a push rod, the push rod drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate under the action of a spring, and the grinding block is driven to be pressed towards the workpiece by expansion, so that a constant machining gap is kept between the cathode and the inner wall of the workpiece;
the fine grinding block, the cathode and the coarse grinding block are fixedly arranged on the base of the connecting rod, and the cathode is axially arranged at the middle position of the fine grinding block and the coarse grinding block along the hole. The central shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, and is driven by the main shaft of the machine tool to realize rotation and axial feeding.
The axial position of the adjusting nut is adjusted, so that the spring drives the sliding block to axially slide along the central shaft, and the ejector rod drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate, so that the fine grinding block and the coarse grinding block are always in an expanded state, and the polishing device is suitable for polishing of inner holes with variable cross sections. The application method of the self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable-section inner hole tool comprises the following steps:
1) Fixedly connecting a central shaft with a main shaft of a machine tool through a transmission shaft;
2) Placing the self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool in a workpiece hole, and adjusting the axial position of the adjusting nut on the central shaft to enable the rough grinding block and the fine grinding block to tightly press the inner wall of the workpiece;
3) Connecting the cathode with the cathode of the power supply, and connecting the workpiece with the anode of the power supply;
4) The electrolyte supply system is turned on, a power supply is connected, and a machine tool spindle drives the cathode of the self-expanding tool to rotate and simultaneously feed along the axial direction, so that polishing of a workpiece hole is realized;
5) When polishing the inner hole with continuous variable cross section or intermittent variable cross section, adjusting the axial position of the adjusting nut to match the positive pressure of the coarse grinding block and the fine grinding block with the processing surface;
6) After a certain period of processing, when the surface roughness of the inner channel workpiece 13 reaches the processing requirement, the processing is stopped.
The radial size of the inner hole of the coarse grinding block and the fine grinding block is 0.5-1 mm larger than that of the cathode, and the size is cathode electrolytic machining gap.
The contact surfaces of the rough grinding block and the fine grinding block and the inner wall of the workpiece 13 are arc surfaces, and the radial dimension of the arc surfaces is consistent with the radial dimension of the workpiece hole to be polished.
The rough grinding block and the fine grinding block have certain elasticity, the abrasive particle size in the rough grinding block is larger than that of the fine grinding block, the rough grinding block is arranged in front of the cathode and is used for scraping the oxide layer and sticky powder of a workpiece, and the fine grinding block is arranged behind the cathode 6 and is used for scraping electrolytic machining products.
The surface of the cathode is an arc surface, and the diameter of the arc is smaller than the diameter of a hole of the workpiece 13 by 1-2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The processing efficiency is high. The grinding block and the cathode on the inner hole polishing device have definite work division and each work. The coarse grinding block is arranged in front of the re-cathode and is used for scraping oxide layers, sticky powder and slag particles on the inner wall of the hole, so that fresh matrix metal is leaked out to improve the electrolytic machining efficiency; the intermediate cathode electrolytic machining effectively dissolves the layer belt bulges on the inner surface, and reduces the ripple morphological characteristics of the surface; the fine grinding block removes passivation films and products formed by electrolytic machining, further improves the surface quality, and fully utilizes the high efficiency of electrolytic machining and the precision of grinding machining.
2) The surface quality is good. The flow of electrolyte in the processing process can rapidly take away the cutting heat formed by grinding processing, and avoid the grinding burn of the inner surface. The electrolytic machining is non-contact machining, no obvious cutting force exists between the surface of the workpiece and the cathode tool, and the defects of mechanical scratch, work hardening, metamorphic layer, residual stress and the like are avoided, so that good surface quality can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool polishing an inner bore;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool polishing variable cross-section bore;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the end face of the polished inner bore of the self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connecting rod structure and insulation.
The reference numerals in the figures are: 1. a central shaft; 2. a power supply; 3. a side link I; 4. finely grinding the block; 5. a connecting rod; 6. a cathode; 7. rough grinding blocks; 8. a side link II; 9. a push rod; 10. a slide block; 11. a spring; 12. an adjusting nut; 13. a workpiece; 14. a transmission shaft; 15. a machine tool spindle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool provided by the invention comprises a central shaft 1, a side link I3, a finish grinding block 4, a connecting rod 5, a cathode 6, a rough grinding block 7, a side link II 8, a top rod 9, a sliding block 10, a spring 11 and an adjusting nut 12. The central shaft 1, the side link I3, the side link II 8 and the connecting rod 5 are linked by a pin shaft to form a plane four-bar mechanism; the slide block 10 is hinged with the planar four-bar mechanism through the ejector rod 9, the ejector rod 9 drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate under the action of the spring 11, and the fine grinding block 4 and the coarse grinding block 7 are driven to expand and press towards the workpiece 13, and meanwhile constant machining gaps are kept between the cathode 6 and the inner wall of the workpiece 13. The fine grinding block 4, the cathode 6 and the coarse grinding block 7 are fixedly arranged on the base of the connecting rod 5, and the cathode 6 is axially arranged at the middle position of the fine grinding block 4 and the coarse grinding block 7 along the hole.
As shown in FIG. 2, the method for polishing the variable cross-section internal channel by the self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Fixedly connecting a central shaft 1 with a machine tool main shaft 15 through a transmission shaft 14;
2) Placing a self-expanding electrolytic grinding tool in a hole of a workpiece 13, and adjusting the axial position of a nut 11 on a central shaft 1 to enable a fine grinding block 4 and a coarse grinding block 7 to be tightly pressed on the inner wall of the workpiece;
3) Connecting the cathode 6 with the cathode of the power supply 2, and connecting the workpiece 13 with the anode of the power supply 2;
4) The electrolyte supply system is turned on, the power supply 2 is switched on, and the machine tool main shaft 15 drives the cathode of the self-expanding tool to rotate and simultaneously feed along the axial direction, so that the polishing of a workpiece hole is realized;
5) When polishing the inner hole with continuous variable cross section or intermittent variable cross section, the axial position of the adjusting nut 12 is adjusted to match the positive pressure of the rough grinding block 7 and the fine grinding block 4 with the processing surface;
6) After a certain period of processing, when the surface roughness of the inner channel workpiece 13 reaches the processing requirement, the processing is stopped.
As shown in FIG. 3, the axial position of the adjusting nut is adjusted to enable the four-bar mechanism to rotate at different angles, so that polishing of inner holes with different diameters can be realized.
The four-bar linkage mechanism is uniformly distributed with at least 4 groups along the axial direction of the central shaft, as shown in figure 4.
In order to reduce the stray corrosion of the electrolytic machining current during machining, the surface of the connecting rod 5 near the workpiece side is subjected to insulation treatment, as shown in fig. 5.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing processing variable cross section hole instrument which characterized in that:
the device comprises a central shaft (1), a side frame rod I (3), a side frame rod II (8), a fine grinding block (4), a connecting rod (5), a cathode (6), a rough grinding block (7), a push rod (9), a sliding block (10), a spring (11) and an adjusting nut (12); the central shaft (1), the side link I (3), the side link II (8) and the connecting rod (5) are linked by a pin shaft to form a plane four-bar mechanism; the sliding block (10) is hinged with the planar four-bar mechanism through the ejector rod (9), the ejector rod (9) drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate under the action of the spring (11), and the fine grinding block (4) and the coarse grinding block (7) are driven to expand and press towards the workpiece (13) and simultaneously keep constant machining gaps between the cathode (6) and the inner wall of the workpiece (13); the fine grinding block (4), the cathode (6) and the coarse grinding block (7) are fixedly arranged on the base of the connecting rod (5), and the cathode (6) is axially arranged at the middle position of the fine grinding block (4) and the coarse grinding block (7) along the hole; the central shaft (1) is connected with the transmission shaft (14), and is driven by the main shaft (15) of the machine tool to realize rotation and axial feeding.
2. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the axial position of the adjusting nut (12) is adjusted, so that the spring (11) drives the sliding block (10) to axially slide along the central shaft, and the ejector rod (9) drives the four-bar mechanism to rotate, so that the fine grinding block (4) and the coarse grinding block (7) are always in an expanded state, and the polishing device is suitable for polishing of inner holes with variable cross sections.
3. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the radial dimension of the inner aperture of the fine grinding block (4) and the coarse grinding block (7) is 0.5-1 mm larger than the dimension of the cathode (6), and the dimension is cathode electrolytic machining gap.
4. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the contact surfaces of the fine grinding block (4), the coarse grinding block (7) and the inner wall of the workpiece (13) are arc surfaces, and the radial size of the arc surfaces is consistent with the radial size of a workpiece hole to be polished.
5. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the fine grinding block (4) and the coarse grinding block (7) are elastic pieces, the abrasive grain size in the coarse grinding block (7) is larger than that of the fine grinding block (4), the coarse grinding block (7) is arranged in front of the cathode (6) and used for scraping an oxide layer of a workpiece, and the fine grinding block (4) is arranged behind the cathode (6) and used for scraping an electrolytic machining product.
6. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the cathode (6) is an arc surface, and the diameter size of the arc is smaller than the diameter size of a hole of the workpiece (13) by 1-2 mm.
7. The self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section internal bore tool of claim 1, wherein: the four-bar linkage mechanism is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the central shaft and is provided with at least 4 groups.
8. A method for using the self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable cross-section inner hole tool according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Fixedly connecting a central shaft (1) with a machine tool main shaft (15) through a transmission shaft (14);
2) Placing a self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing variable-section inner hole tool in a hole of a workpiece (13), and adjusting the axial position of a spring (11) on a central shaft (1) to enable a fine grinding block (4) and a coarse grinding block (7) to tightly press the inner wall of the workpiece;
3) Connecting the cathode (6) with the cathode of the power supply (2), and connecting the workpiece (13) with the anode of the power supply (2);
4) The electrolyte supply system is turned on, a power supply (2) is connected, and a machine tool main shaft (15) drives a self-expanding tool cathode to rotate and simultaneously feed along the axial direction, so that polishing of a workpiece hole is realized;
5) When polishing the inner hole with continuous variable cross section or intermittent variable cross section, adjusting the axial position of the adjusting nut (12) to enable the positive pressure of the fine grinding block (4) and the rough grinding block (7) to be matched with the processing surface;
6) After a period of processing, stopping processing when the surface roughness of the inner channel workpiece (13) reaches the processing requirement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310643645.6A CN116352199A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310643645.6A CN116352199A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and use method thereof |
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| CN116352199A true CN116352199A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| CN202310643645.6A Pending CN116352199A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Self-expanding electrolytic grinding finishing machining variable-section inner hole tool and use method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB962656A (en) * | 1959-10-29 | 1964-07-01 | Anocut Eng Co | Grinding and shaping internal cylindrical surfaces |
| JP2000015520A (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-18 | Unique Technol Internatl Pte Ltd | Method of surface-machining of and simultaneous electrolytic polishing magnetic disk substrate, and device therefor |
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| CN213318167U (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-06-01 | 常州心匠智能装备有限公司 | Vertical numerical control electrolytic grinding boring device |
| CN213380630U (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-06-08 | 任乔睿 | A pipe inner wall rust cleaning device for machining |
| CN113752107A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-07 | 刘欢 | Automatic grinding device of pipeline for ocean engineering |
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| CN115055767A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Electrolytic grinding cathode for manufacturing complex internal channel by using polishing laser additive and application thereof |
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2023
- 2023-06-02 CN CN202310643645.6A patent/CN116352199A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB962656A (en) * | 1959-10-29 | 1964-07-01 | Anocut Eng Co | Grinding and shaping internal cylindrical surfaces |
| JP2000015520A (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-18 | Unique Technol Internatl Pte Ltd | Method of surface-machining of and simultaneous electrolytic polishing magnetic disk substrate, and device therefor |
| CN102765041A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Tool for honing connecting bolt hole |
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