CN116351855A

CN116351855A - Method for recycling red mud solid waste by crystal modification coupling mineralization technology

Info

Publication number: CN116351855A
Application number: CN202310556134.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋正武; 郦怡; 成铭钊; 朱伟豪; 李晨
Original assignee: Jiangsu Jicui Functional Material Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Jicui Functional Material Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-17
Filing date: 2023-05-17
Publication date: 2023-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2043-05-17
Also published as: CN116351855B

Abstract

The application provides a method for recycling red mud solid waste by a crystal modification coupling mineralization technology; the method adopts the doping agent to modify the red mud solid waste, improves the mineralization reaction activity and the carbon fixing performance, further optimizes the process design, and ensures the strength performance and the process efficiency of the product; the modified red mud is used as mineralized raw material to realize carbon dioxide emission reduction and high-value and high-efficiency recycling of red mud solid waste, and an effective recycling way is provided for industrial industries such as aluminum industry and the like.

Description

Method for recycling red mud solid waste by crystal modification coupling mineralization technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment and utilization, in particular to a method for recycling red mud solid waste by a crystal modification coupling mineralization technology.

Background

Red mud is a strongly alkaline solid waste which is discharged during alumina production in the aluminum industry, and is classified into bayer process red mud, sintering process red mud, combined process red mud and the like according to different production processes. According to the prior art and bauxite composition, 1.0-2.5 t of red mud is produced every 1t of alumina is produced; the red mud is alkaline and contains more heavy metal elements, so that environmental protection and potential safety hazards exist when the red mud is used for building materials or roadbed materials; the recycling efficiency is low, the cost is high, the mixing amount of the produced building materials and road applications is low, and the recycling of a large amount of red mud cannot be realized.

In various industries such as aluminum smelting, electric power, chemical industry and the like, a large amount of tail gas containing carbon dioxide can be generated in the production process. The red mud contains a certain amount of solid waste of silicon-aluminum, especially a certain amount of solid waste of calcium in the red mud by a sintering method and a combination method, and can be used as mineralized raw materials for mineralizing and recycling; chinese patent CN113896466a discloses a red mud consolidation method based on carbonation reaction and a carbonized product obtained by the method, in the technology, red mud is fixed inside based on carbonation reaction, dissolution of alkali and heavy metal is inhibited, alkali neutralization and carbonization reaction are realized synchronously in the later stage, but in the method, mineralization activity of red mud is not high, carbon fixation rate is low, and mechanical strength of mineralization reaction finished products is low. Chinese patent CN107129243A discloses a method for preparing a red mud building material product based on microorganism accelerated mineralization, which is to mix and maintain red mud, fly ash, lime, water, sand and bacillus carbonate bacterial powder to obtain the building material product, but the method only uses the red mud, does not involve the comprehensive utilization of other waste solids and waste gases, and the strength of the building material still has room for improvement. Therefore, the problems of poor quality, low mixing amount, low mineralization efficiency, low mineralization product strength and the like of solid waste raw materials in the recycling process of red mud solid waste are urgently needed to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention firstly provides a method for recycling the red mud solid waste by using a crystal modification coupling mineralization technology; the method adopts the doping agent to modify the red mud solid waste, improves the mineralization reaction activity and the carbon fixing performance, further optimizes the process design, and ensures the strength performance and the process efficiency of the product.

Further, the method comprises: the method comprises the steps of modifying red mud solid waste by adopting a doping agent, wherein the red mud solid waste contains calcareous and siliceous components.

Further, the active substance of the dopant is active ion and/or simple substance thereof.

Further, the active ions in the dopant are selected from one or more of active ions with a radius of 0.3-0.55 angstroms and/or active ions with a radius of 0.6-1.4 angstroms.

Further, the active ion with the radius of 0.3-0.55 angstrom is P ⁵⁺ 、S ⁴⁺ 、V ⁵⁺ 、Cr ⁴⁺ 、Cr ⁵⁺ 、Cr ⁶⁺ 、Mn ⁴⁺ 、Mn ⁵⁺ 、Co ⁴⁺ 、Ni ⁴⁺ 、Al ³⁺ 、Fe ³⁺ At least one of them.

Further, the active ion with the radius of 0.6-1.4 angstrom is F ^- 、Na ⁺ 、K ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Ti ²⁺ 、Ti ³⁺ 、V ²⁺ 、Cr ² ⁺ 、Mn ²⁺ 、Fe ²⁺ 、Co ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ 、Zr ⁴⁺ 、Y ³⁺ 、Mo ³⁺ 、Mo ⁴⁺ 、Mo ⁵⁺ 、Sn ²⁺ At least one of them.

Preferably, the active ion with the radius of 0.3-0.55 angstrom is P ⁵⁺ 、V ⁵⁺ 、Cr ⁴⁺ 、Cr ⁵⁺ 、Mn ⁴⁺ 、Co ⁴⁺ 、Ni ⁴⁺ 、Al ³⁺ 、Fe ³⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

Further preferably, the active ion having a radius of 0.3-0.55 angstroms is P ⁵⁺ 、V ⁵⁺ 、Al ³⁺ 、Fe ³⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

Preferably, the active ions in the dopant are selected from one or more combinations of active ions having a radius of 0.6-1.4 angstroms.

More preferably, the active ion with radius of 0.6-1.4 angstrom is Na ⁺ 、K ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Ti ²⁺ 、Ti ³⁺ 、V ²⁺ 、Mn ²⁺ 、Fe ²⁺ 、Co ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

Further preferably, the active ion with radius of 0.6-1.4 angstrom is Na ⁺ 、K ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Fe ²⁺ 、Co ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the active ion in the dopant is Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ 、Na ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Fe ³⁺ Any one or a combination of a plurality of them.

Further, the source of the active ions includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of carbonates, acetates, citrates, organic carboxylates of C2-C10, organic sulfonates of C2-C20, chlorides, nitrates, borates, oxides, hydroxides thereof.

Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing and smelting red mud, additives and coke, separating iron, recovering the iron, and remaining high-temperature red mud;

s2, adding a doping agent into the high-temperature red mud for modification to obtain high-temperature modified red mud;

s3, cooling and crushing the high-temperature modified red mud, and adding the reinforced waste water and water into the red mud to mix and stir the red mud to obtain a mixture;

s4, forming and mineralizing the mixture.

Further, the red mud is derived from one or more of sintering process red mud, bayer process red mud and combined process red mud.

Further, the active ingredient of the additive is calcium element, and the additive is at least one of calcium salts including, but not limited to, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, calcium peroxide, calcium nitrate, calcium phosphate and organic matters.

In some embodiments, the additive is one or more of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate.

Further, in the S1, the mass ratio of the red mud, the additive and the coke is (50-90): (5-40): (3-20).

Preferably, in the S1, the mass ratio of the red mud, the additive and the coke is (65-75): (20-30): (5-10).

Further, in the step S1, the smelting temperature is 1000-1700 ℃ and the smelting time is 20-90min; preferably, the smelting temperature is 1200-1450 ℃ and the smelting time is 30-60min.

Further, in the step S2, the temperature of the high Wen Chini is 800-1300 ℃, preferably 1000-1200 ℃, and the residual temperature of the red mud is utilized to modify the red mud by adding the doping agent without an additional heating program.

Further, the addition amount of the doping agent accounts for 0.05-8% of the mass of the high-temperature red mud.

Preferably, the addition amount of the doping agent accounts for 0.1-5% of the mass of the high-temperature red mud; more preferably 1 to 4%.

In the application, the doping agent is used for activating and modifying calcareous and siliceous components in the red mud, so that the mineralization activity of the red mud is improved; after the step S1, calcium and siliceous components in the red mud react to form calcium silicate substances, including dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, wollastonite, tobermorite and other crystals, and the crystals have high structural regularity and lower absorption rate to carbon dioxide in the later mineralization reaction; therefore, active ions with the radius of 0.3-0.55 angstrom and/or active ions with the radius of 0.6-1.4 angstrom or simple substances of the ions are added to dope the crystal lattice of the calcium silicate substance, so that more defects are generated in the crystal lattice structure, active sites for carbon fixation are improved, the radius of the active ions is regulated, the dosage of the dopant is further limited, and the crystal lattice doping is more effective and collapse of the crystal structure is not generated; when the dopant is too much, on the one hand, a phenomenon that part of the active material is not doped into the crystal lattice but exists in an original state, and on the other hand, a phenomenon that the doping amount is too much, so that the crystal structure is collapsed or changed, which affects the proceeding of the subsequent mineralization reaction, can occur.

Further, in the step S3, the high-temperature modified red mud is quickly cooled to 100-200 ℃, and then poured on the air ground for natural air drying, and the red mud is dried to normal temperature; crushing the modified red mud, and sieving the crushed red mud with a 80-mesh sieve.

Furthermore, the invention does not strictly prescribe a rapid cooling mode of the high-temperature modified red mud in the step S3, and the purpose of cooling is achieved; in one embodiment, the invention adopts a cooling water tank to cool, and the volume ratio of the high-temperature modified red mud to water is 1/50-1/20.

Further, the solid waste comprises at least one of silicon aluminum solid waste, silicon calcium aluminum solid waste and silicon magnesium iron solid waste.

Further, the solid waste is from a combination of one or more of gangue, steel slag, carbide slag, blast furnace slag, iron slag, cement kiln dust, mineral powder, silica fume, kaolin, construction waste, and recycled aggregate thereof.

Further, in the mixture of S3, the modified red mud accounts for 20-90% by weight, the solid waste accounts for 0-70% by weight, and the water accounts for 100% by weight.

Further, in the mixture, according to the total mass, the modified red mud accounts for 35-75%, the solid waste accounts for 15-65%, and the water is added to the balance to 100%.

Further, in the step S4, the molding pressure of the mixture is 3-50MPa, preferably 4.5-45MPa; more preferably 5-25MPa.

Further, the mineralization of S4 is: feeding the formed mixture blank into a reaction kettle, and introducing CO ₂ Is mineralized under constant pressure.

Further, the formed mixture blank accounts for 5-60% of the volume of the space of the reaction kettle, and the mineralization reaction time is 2-10h, preferably 2.5-7.5h.

The mineralization pressure is 0.1-1.2MPa, preferably 0.2-0.8MPa.

Further, the CO-containing gas ₂ CO in the gas of (a) ₂ The volume fraction of (2) is 8-99%, the CO-containing ₂ Is a gas of (2)At least one from the group consisting of, but not limited to, flue gas emitted in S1, metal smeltery flue gas, coal fired power plant flue gas, flue gas emitted by waste incineration, chemical plant flue gas, cement plant flue gas, lime kiln flue gas.

Further, the mineralized product obtained in S4 can be used in road construction materials, water conservancy and municipal applications.

Furthermore, the method can be also used for recycling comprehensive utilization of solid waste and industrial flue gas.

Advantageous effects

1. The application provides a method for recycling the red mud solid waste based on a crystal modification coupling mineralization technology, which realizes modification of the red mud while extracting metal elements in the red mud, and the modified red mud is used as a mineralization raw material to realize carbon dioxide emission reduction and high-value efficient recycling of the red mud solid waste, thereby providing an effective recycling way for industrial industries such as aluminum industry and the like;

2. the application adopts specific doping agent to change the crystal microstructure in the solid waste of red mud, and increase the CO resistance ₂ Active immobilization site of (C) to CO ₂ Is beneficial to the mineralization process and mineralization rate;

3. the method optimizes the types and the quantity of the doping agents and mineralization process conditions, and further realizes the control of the carbon fixation rate and the mechanical strength of the mineralized product through the regulation and control of the reaction, so that the quality of the mineralized product is improved, and the application range of the mineralized product is widened;

4. the method is a comprehensive resource utilization method of wastes, solves the problem of recycling red mud solid wastes, solves the problem of treating other solid wastes and industrial flue gas, reduces the treatment cost of the wastes, and is beneficial to sustainable development.

Detailed Description

Examples

The following examples use bayer process sintered red mud from certain aluminum factories as solid waste of red mud, and use x-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection to analyze the elemental composition of the red mud as follows: caO 9.753%, na ₂ O 11.523%、SO ₃ 0.838%、K ₂ O 1.598%、SiO ₂ 19.971%、MgO 1.222%、Fe ₂ O ₃ 20.49%、Al ₂ O ₃ 29.583%、P ₂ O ₅ 0.256%、TiO ₂ 3.838%, LOSS 0.828%. The method comprises the steps of adopting the recycled aggregate building rubbish of a certain building site as the solid waste of the silicon aluminum, and analyzing the elemental composition of the solid waste of the silicon aluminum as follows: siO (SiO) ₂ 37.4%、Al ₂ O ₃ 22.8%、CaO18.07%、CO ₂ 4.55%、Fe ₂ O ₃ 7.03%、K ₂ O 0.23%、MgO 1.44%、Na ₂ 0.57% of O and 7.91% of LOSS. The flue gas captured by a certain aluminum smelting factory is used as carbon dioxide-containing gas, and the gas comprises the following components in percentage by volume: CO ₂ 66.6%、N ₂ 24.4%、VOCs 5.1 %、LOSS 3.9 %。

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for recycling red mud solid waste by a crystal modification coupling mineralization technology, which comprises the following steps:

s1, red mud, calcium carbonate and coke are mixed according to the proportion of 70:25:5, after evenly mixing, placing the mixture in a high-temperature furnace for smelting at 1300 ℃ for 40min to obtain high-temperature molten iron and high-temperature red mud, separating the high-temperature molten iron and the high-temperature red mud, and recovering iron residual high-temperature red mud;

s2, adding the CuCO accounting for Wen Chini percent of the mass into the high Wen Chini with the temperature of 1100 DEG C ₃ Stirring and mixing to obtain high-temperature modified red mud (specific components are shown in table 1);

s3, injecting the high-temperature modified red mud into a cooling water tank, wherein the volume ratio of the high-temperature modified red mud to water is 1/30, enabling the high Wen Chini to be rapidly cooled to 200 ℃, then pouring the cooled high Wen Chini into an empty space, and enabling the cooled high Wen Chini to be naturally air-dried and aired to a normal temperature state to obtain modified red mud; crushing the modified red mud to enable the granularity of the red mud to pass through a 80-mesh screen; according to the total mass, 50% of crushed red mud, 40% of solid waste of silicon aluminum and 10% of water are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture;

s4, placing the mixture into a mold forming system, applying molding pressure of 11.5MPa, and pressing the mixture into briquettes; putting the briquettes into a reaction kettle, wherein the space filling ratio of the briquettes in the kettle (the volume of the briquettes accounts for the percentage of the internal space of the reaction kettle) is 45%, closing the reaction kettle, then introducing smoke into the reaction kettle to enable the pressure in the kettle to reach 0.5MPa, controlling the pressure in the kettle to be kept constant in the reaction process, and discharging the smoke in the kettle to normal pressure after 5. 5 h; when the temperature in the kettle reaches below 80 ℃, opening the kettle and taking out mineralized products.

Example 2

s1, red mud, calcium hydroxide and coke are mixed according to the following ratio of 65:30:5, after evenly mixing, placing the mixture in a high-temperature furnace for smelting at 1200 ℃ for 60min to obtain high-temperature molten iron and high-temperature red mud, separating the high-temperature molten iron and the high-temperature red mud, and recovering iron residual high-temperature red mud;

s2, adding Wen Chini% of ZnCO by mass into the high Wen Chini with the temperature of 1000 DEG C ₃ Stirring and mixing to obtain high-temperature modified red mud;

s3, injecting the high-temperature modified red mud into a cooling water tank, wherein the volume ratio of the high-temperature modified red mud to water is 1/50, enabling the high Wen Chini to be rapidly cooled to 200 ℃, then pouring the cooled high Wen Chini into an empty space, and enabling the cooled high Wen Chini to be naturally air-dried and aired to a normal temperature state to obtain modified red mud; crushing the modified red mud to enable the granularity of the red mud to pass through a 80-mesh screen; according to the total mass, 75% of crushed red mud, 15% of solid waste of silicon aluminum and 10% of water are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture;

s4, placing the mixture into a mold forming system, applying molding pressure of 5MPa, and pressing the mixture into briquettes; putting the briquettes into a reaction kettle, wherein the space filling ratio of the briquettes in the kettle is 55%, closing the reaction kettle, introducing flue gas into the reaction kettle to enable the pressure in the kettle to reach 0.2MPa, controlling the pressure in the kettle to be kept constant in the reaction process, and discharging the flue gas in the kettle to normal pressure after 7.5 hours; when the temperature in the kettle reaches below 80 ℃, opening the kettle and taking out mineralized products.

Example 3

s1, red mud, calcium oxide and coke are mixed according to the proportion of 75:20:5, after evenly mixing, placing the mixture in a high-temperature furnace for smelting at 1450 ℃ for 30min to obtain high-temperature molten iron and high-temperature red mud, separating the high-temperature molten iron and the high-temperature red mud, and recovering iron residual high-temperature red mud;

s2, adding up to Wen Chini% by mass of K into the high Wen Chini at 1200 DEG C ₂ CO ₃ Stirring and mixing to obtain high-temperature modified red mud;

s3, injecting the high-temperature modified red mud into a cooling water tank, wherein the volume ratio of the high-temperature modified red mud to water is 1/20, enabling the high Wen Chini to be rapidly cooled to 200 ℃, then pouring the cooled high Wen Chini into an empty space, and enabling the cooled high Wen Chini to be naturally air-dried and aired to a normal temperature state to obtain modified red mud; crushing the modified red mud to enable the granularity of the red mud to pass through a 80-mesh screen; according to the total mass, mixing and stirring 35% of crushed red mud, 60% of solid waste of silicon aluminum and 5% of water to obtain a mixture;

s4, placing the mixture into a mold forming system, applying a molding pressure of 25MPa, and pressing the mixture into briquettes; putting the briquettes into a reaction kettle, wherein the space filling ratio of the briquettes in the kettle is 35%, closing the reaction kettle, introducing flue gas into the reaction kettle to enable the pressure in the kettle to reach 0.8MPa, controlling the pressure in the kettle to be kept constant in the reaction process, and discharging the flue gas in the kettle to normal pressure after 2.5 hours; when the temperature in the kettle reaches below 80 ℃, opening the kettle and taking out mineralized products.

Example 4

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, the dopant is MgCO ₃ 。

Example 5

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, cuCO accounting for 0.1% of the mass of Wen Chini is added ₃ 。

Example 6

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, cuCO accounting for Wen Chini% of the mass is added ₃ 。

Example 7

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, cuCO accounting for Wen Chini% of the mass of the mixture is added ₃ 。

Example 8

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in the step S1, the mass ratio of the red mud to the calcium carbonate to the coke is 80:15:5.

example 9

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in the step S1, the mass ratio of the red mud to the calcium carbonate to the coke is 55:40:5.

example 10

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, the high Wen Chini temperature is 800 ℃.

Example 11

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, the high Wen Chini temperature is 1300 ℃.

Example 12

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S4, the space filling ratio of the briquettes in the pot was 25%.

Comparative example 1

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in the step S1, no calcium carbonate is added, and the mass ratio of the red mud to the coke is 95:5.

comparative example 2

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, no dopant CuCO is added ₃ 。

Comparative example 3

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, the dopant is boron carbide.

Comparative example 4

Substantially identical to example 1, except that: in step S2, the dopant is sulfur.

The performance test method comprises the following steps:

1、CO ₂ absorption rate: according to the formula CO ₂ Absorption = (carbon dioxide absorption by briquettes/mineralized product mass) ×100% calculated, wherein the carbon dioxide absorption by briquettes is the weight reduction at 550-850 ℃ in the TG/DTG curve of mineralized product;

2. compressive strength: compressive strength of the mineralized products in the test examples was specified according to GB/T4111-2013 method for concrete Block and brick test;

performance test results:

the test results are shown in Table 2.

Table 1 chemical composition of high temperature modified Red mud prepared in example 1 step S2

Table 2 test results

Analysis of results:

the products prepared in examples 1-4 have relatively high carbon dioxide absorptivity and compressive strength, which indicates that the products prepared by the technical scheme of the application can effectively absorb carbon dioxide, and can obtain high compressive strength after mineralization, thereby meeting the use requirements.

As can be seen from comparative example 1 and examples 5 to 7, comparative example 2: the ion doping can effectively improve the fixing effect of the product on carbon dioxide and the strength of mineralized products; when the doped copper ions are lower, the lattice distortion in the modified red mud is lower, calcium silicate still keeps a more complete crystal form, and carbon dioxide is difficult to fully react with the calcium silicate, so that the carbon fixation rate and the compressive strength of the product are lower; when doped copper ions are higher, on one hand, the phenomenon that part of active substances are not doped into crystal lattices but exist in the original state can occur, and on the other hand, the phenomenon that the doping amount is too large, so that the crystal structure is collapsed or changed can be caused, the follow-up mineralization reaction can be influenced, and the compressive strength and the carbon fixation rate of the product are poor.

As can be seen from comparative example 1 and examples 8 to 9, comparative example 1: when the calcium component (additive) in the modified red mud is low, mineralizable C2S and C3S in the modified red mud are less, so that the carbon fixation rate and the compressive strength are relatively low; however, when the calcareous component is too much, too much calcium carbonate exists in the form of calcium oxide, and the mineralization activity of calcium oxide is high but the strength of the product is limited by the generated calcium carbonate, and in addition, the mineralized product of the part of calcium oxide also shields part of effective mineralization reaction sites, so that the mineralization efficiency and the mineralization product strength are reduced.

As can be seen from a comparison of example 1 and examples 10-11: the residual temperature of the high-temperature red mud provides a modification condition, when the temperature of the modification reaction is too low, part of doped ions cannot enter the crystal lattice of the calcium silicate in time, so that the latter crystal lattice has fewer defects, and the adsorption and solidification efficiency of carbon dioxide is low; however, at too high a temperature, the energy supplied by the environment is sufficient to provide the activation energy for the reaction of the portion of the dopant with the calcium silicate component, resulting in the reaction of the dopant with the calcium silicate component without the formation of effective ion doping and lattice defects, thereby affecting the subsequent mineralization reaction.

As can be seen from comparison of example 1 and example 12: the heat released by the mineralization reaction can promote the mineralization of the test block, when the filling rate is low, the temperature rise of a system with less reaction heat release is not obvious, and the mineralization degree is low.

As can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative examples 3 to 4: not all ions can form effective doping, the radius of B ions in boron carbide is too small, si in the crystal can be replaced when the boron carbide is doped in the crystal of calcium silicate, but the generated crystal defects are very few, and the improvement of mineralization activity is not obvious; when sulfur is adopted, the atomic radius of S is larger and is not matched with the crystal size, the doping amount in the crystal is very small, the generated lattice defects are very limited, the larger ionic radius of the S can possibly cause the change of the crystal structure and even collapse, and the mineralization activity of the solid waste mixture is reduced.

Claims

1. The method for recycling the red mud solid waste by using the crystal modification coupling mineralization technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of: modifying the red mud solid waste by adopting a doping agent; the active substance of the dopant is active ion;

the active ion is selected from one or a combination of more than one of active ions with the radius of 0.6-1.4 angstroms, and the active ion with the radius of 0.6-1.4 angstroms is Na ⁺ 、K ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Ti ²⁺ 、Ti ³⁺ 、V ²⁺ 、Mn ²⁺ 、Fe ²⁺ 、Co ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the active ion having a radius of 0.6 to 1.4 angstroms is Na ⁺ 、K ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Fe ²⁺ 、Co ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ One or more combinations thereof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the active ion in the dopant is Cu ²⁺ 、Zn ²⁺ 、Na ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Fe ³⁺ Any one or a combination of a plurality of them.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in particular:

s4, forming and mineralizing the mixture;

the active ingredient of the additive is calcium element.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the doping agent is added in an amount of 0.05-8% of the mass of the high temperature red mud.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the doping agent is added in an amount of 1-4% of the mass of the high temperature red mud.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the red mud, the additive and the coke is (50-90): (5-40): (3-20).

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the temperature of S2 is 800-1300 ℃ higher than Wen Chini.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the modified red mud is 20-90% by mass, the solid waste is 0-70% by mass and the water is added to the balance to 100% by mass in the mixture of S3.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1-9 in the comprehensive utilization of solid waste and industrial fumes.