CN116348641A - Combing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combing machine for a spinning preparation process, comprising a frame in which a plurality of combing heads (11) are arranged in rows, and comprising a main drive motor (12) for driving the combing heads (11). According to the invention, the first group of combing heads (11) is operatively connected to the main drive motor (12) by means of a first drive connection (13) and can be driven in a first phase (alpha 1), and the at least one second group of combing heads (11) is operatively connected to the main drive motor (12) by means of a second drive connection (14) and can be driven in a second phase (alpha 2), wherein the combing heads (11) that can be operated in the first phase (alpha 1) and the combing heads (11) that can be operated in the second phase (alpha 2) are alternately arranged and/or are symmetrically arranged with respect to each other from the middle of the row of combing heads (11), so that when the main drive motor (12) is operated, the combing cycles of the combing heads (11) of the first and at least second groups are operated in phase-offset.

Description

Combing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a combing machine for a spinning preparation process, comprising a frame in which a plurality of combing heads are arranged in rows, and comprising a main drive motor for driving the combing heads.

Background

For example, DE102012011030A1 discloses a combing head for a combing machine used in a spinning preparation process, and the combing head has a drive input shaft as a main structural component, which drives a nipper transmission, wherein the nipper transmission is used to drive the nipper mechanism. The transmission unit further has a separating drum, and the separating drum is arranged at the transmission output of the planetary gear. The rotary movement of the central shaft is coupled to the nipper shaft by means of crank arms and cam drives, so that the latter performs an oscillating movement, and the central shaft at the same time drives a planetary gear for the separating drum, wherein the central shaft is connected to the drive input shaft by means of a gear stage.

The combing head has a shaft and differently acting cylinders coupled to the shaft, which perform an oscillating movement and the separating cylinders perform in particular a so-called Pierce format movement. There are also shafts and such drums that perform a continuous rotational movement. For example, the circular comb shaft with the circular comb roller mounted thereon likewise performs a continuous movement as a brush roller for cleaning the circular comb roller, whereby a discontinuous power consumption for the main drive motor results from the drive of the further discontinuously rotating working cylinders and the gear train or the shaft accommodating said working cylinders with acceleration and deceleration phases in the combing cycle.

Modern combing machines have, for example, eight combing heads, which are arranged in rows next to one another in or on a frame. In this case, the combing heads are operated synchronously with one another, so that shafts, in particular discontinuously operated shafts, can be coupled together, so that these shafts are designed continuously in a specific manner, so that a plurality of combing heads share a common shaft. Thereby reducing the structural costs and ensuring synchronous operation of the combing heads. The same can be provided for the separating vessel.

For example, EP2397584B1 shows a combing head with separating cylinders which are each driven by two electric motors which are operated synchronously. The power in the discontinuous rotary movement of the separating drum is thereby increased, and a transmission mechanism is provided on each side of the separating drum, by means of which the respective electric motor is in driving connection with the separating drum.

The power consumption of the main drive motor is characterized by a discontinuous curve due to the pilger movement, the oscillating movement of the separating cylinder and the nipper shaft, which curve is repeated in the same way for each combing cycle. In particular, the deceleration and acceleration of the shafts and of the working cylinders, which are often named as such, which are mounted on these shafts with different effects, give rise to characteristic curves, wherein power consumption is necessary not only for generating a torque in a first rotational direction of the electric motor, but also for generating a torque in the opposite rotational direction of the motor. As a result, overall high power consumption and high energy requirements for operating a combing machine, in particular a combing machine having a plurality of combing heads, result. The reason for the poor power balance may also be that the main drive motor cannot be operated in an optimum state of operation in terms of rotational speed and torque because the output torque varies cyclically and repeatedly in each combing cycle.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to optimize the operation of a combing machine with as little power consumption as possible. In this case, a plurality of combing heads should be operated side by side in a contiguous manner without increasing the construction effort for coupling the combing heads. In addition, the combing machine should have a quiet, low-vibration and low-vibration operation in terms of operation.

This object is achieved by a combing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 in combination with the features of the characterizing part. Advantageous developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

In order to solve this problem, the invention provides that the first group of combing heads is operatively connected to the main drive motor by means of a first drive connection and can be driven in a first phase, and that the at least one second group of combing heads is operatively connected to the main drive motor by means of a second drive connection and can be driven in a second phase, wherein combing heads which can be operated in the first phase and combing heads which can be operated in the second phase are arranged alternately and/or symmetrically to one another from the middle of the row of combing heads, so that when the main drive motor is operated, the combing cycles of the combing heads of the first group and at least of the second group are operated in phase error.

The core idea of the invention is that at least two combing heads are phase-shifted during the combing cycle, or the combing cycles of the first group of combing heads are phase-shifted with the combing cycles of the second group of combing heads, so that the power flows can be derived by the effective connection of the groups to each other, which groups can at least partially compensate each other. The acceleration phase and the part for accelerating the power consumption of the first combing head or the first group of combing heads may be partly provided by a torque which is generated by the deceleration phase of the combing cycle of the second combing head or the second group of combing heads. As a result, a smooth portion of the power curve is obtained, so that the total power demand for the operation of the combing machine is reduced and the main drive motor can be operated in an optimum operating state or close to an optimum operating state.

In addition to the reduced power, the staggered phase offset of adjacent combing heads during operation of the combing machine enables particularly smooth operation of the combing machine during operation. The first and second sets of combing heads are staggered such that adjacent combing heads have phase shifts from one another as a whole or in large part, so that the combing cycles of adjacent combing heads run out of phase with one another. However, in the case of bilaterally symmetrical constructions, as an exception, the two intermediate combing heads can be operated in phase with respect to their combing cycles.

In this case, phase errors are alternately set in a simple manner in the row of combing heads in the frame, the following possibilities also being present, as already mentioned above: in the case of even-numbered combing heads, which are usually correspondingly present in combing machines, the combing heads are correspondingly alternately operated phase-by-phase from the center of symmetry. Thus, two combing heads disposed laterally to the center of symmetry of a row of combing heads can be operated in phase-identical and each further adjacent combing head can be operated in phase-offset. In this case, it is also not necessary for there to be only two phases of the combing cycle of the combing head, and more than two phases can also be provided, which phases are set in particular such that the dynamic forces in operation of the combing machine are compensated by the resulting symmetry, respectively, in comparison with a reciprocating piston engine with a higher cylinder number, which naturally has a smoother operation than a reciprocating piston engine with a lower cylinder number. In the case of a combing machine having, for example, eight to sixteen combing heads, each combing head can be operated in phase opposition to the other combing head. Or every two combing heads run as one set in phase error with the other four or eight combing heads. In a combing machine with eight combing heads, the combing head set can consist in the limit of a single combing head, two or four combing heads. In the case of a combing machine with a maximum of 16 combing heads, the combing head set can consist of a single combing head, two, four or eight combing heads, which each run in phase opposition.

In this respect, the drive connection between the main drive motor and the combing head set can be realized in two different or multiple phases. The drive connection can be configured in a different manner for each individual combing head and two possibilities are subsequently elucidated with respect to the arrangement of the drive connection between the combing head set and the main drive motor.

A first possible configuration of the drive connection is achieved by a common control shaft and an associated phase shift device, and a second possible configuration of the drive connection is illustrated using two rotating or oscillating drive shafts which connect the respective combing head set to the drive motor.

In a first possible embodiment of the drive connection, it is provided that the first and second sets of combing heads are driven by a common control shaft, wherein the first drive connection is arranged between the control shaft and the first set of combing heads and the second drive connection is arranged between the control shaft and the second set of combing heads, whereby, when the main drive motor is operated, the combing cycle of the first set of combing heads is operated in phase opposition to the combing cycle of the second set of combing heads.

The common control shaft can extend parallel to the row of combing heads, either laterally adjacent to the combing heads, or through the combing heads, and this enables a corresponding tapping of the control movement of the control shaft by means of a corresponding tapping means, which is formed by a corresponding first and second drive connection.

According to a first embodiment, the drive connection can be provided, for example, by means of a cam. In this respect, it is provided, for example, that the cam is provided for driving a function of the combing head which is important for the combing cycle, wherein the first drive connection has a cam which is operatively connected to the control shaft in a first phase for driving the combing head, and the second drive connection has a cam which is operatively connected to the control shaft in a second phase for driving the combing head. The cam can, for example, drive a clamping mechanism having at least one clamping shaft which moves in an oscillating manner, via which the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are in turn driven.

It is also conceivable that the circular comb or at least one separating roller is operatively connected in an oscillating manner to a corresponding cam on each combing head or to another cam on each combing head as well. In this respect, which functional shaft or functional roller of the combing head is driven by the cam via a common control shaft is of secondary importance to the invention, but is not of minor importance. However, the phase of at least one main function of the combing head should be selected such that optimal energy saving can be achieved. However, the main input shaft of the combing head can be driven accordingly, in particular, by means of a cam, so that the respective phase of each individual functional shaft of the combing head in the combing cycle can be adjusted by means of a further drive connection of the functional shafts. The drive does not have to be effected directly by a cam, but rather the cam can be introduced into an oscillating movement, for example in the nipper shaft, or into the separating roller by means of a superimposed oscillating movement, without the cam itself being provided in the power system for driving the combing head. Alternatively to the cam, a cam disk or a slip ring guide can of course also be provided.

According to a second embodiment, the construction of the drive connection between the main drive motor and the combing head set can be realized by a drive shaft. In this connection, it is provided that the first set of combing heads is connected in a driving manner to the main drive motor by means of a drive shaft that rotates or oscillates in a first phase, and the second set of combing heads is connected in a driving manner to the main drive motor by means of a drive shaft that rotates or oscillates in a second phase. Thereby, when the main drive motor is operated, the combing cycle of the combing heads of the first group is operated in phase with the combing cycle of the combing heads of the second group. According to this embodiment, instead of a central control shaft which is common to all combing heads and which can also occupy only one phase, two drive shafts are provided which can be operated in the respective phase. More than two drive shafts may also be provided in the sense of the invention, so that groups of combing heads occupying more than two different phases in the combing cycle may also be formed.

The first drive shaft and the second drive shaft may be arranged to extend parallel to each other or arranged concentrically. For driving the combing head, corresponding functional shafts can be provided, which are designed in particular to extend parallel to the drive shaft. The functional shafts are obviously shorter than the drive shafts, and each combing head is associated with a functional shaft which enables a direct tapping of the respective drive shaft. The respective functional shafts of adjacent combing heads are connected to respective drive shafts which are operated with a phase shift. Thereby, the functional shafts connected to the first drive shaft are not adjacently arranged, and there are other functional shafts connected to the second drive shaft between the functional shafts.

The functional shaft may form the main function of the combing head, for example, it is advantageous if the functional shaft of the combing head forms a nipper shaft or is operatively connected to a circular comb or a separating roller.

The drive shaft can extend along the row of combing heads and/or can be connected to the main drive motor by means of a corresponding or common transmission. Alternatively, each drive shaft may be associated with its own transmission mechanism, whereby a first transmission mechanism is provided for driving the first drive shaft and a second transmission mechanism is provided for driving the second drive shaft.

The functional axes of the combing heads can be aligned with one another. In particular, coupling elements can be provided, by means of which the functional shaft of the combing head is effectively connected to the drive shaft. The functional shafts can also form intermediate shafts which in turn are connected to the main functional shafts of the respective combing heads by at least one simply designed drive connection, for example a gear stage or a coupling rod.

Drawings

Other measures for improving the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the figures together with a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

figure 1 shows a perspective view of the transmission unit and the combing machine,

wherein only the main components of the transmission unit for forming the comb head are indicated by numerals;

fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the parts of a nipper mechanism which can be driven by means of cams;

fig. 3 shows a schematic illustration of two drive shafts which can be operated in phase opposition and which are connected to the respective functional shafts, and

fig. 4 shows a graph of the power consumption of the groups of combing heads of the main drive motor as a function of time when the combing machine constructed according to the invention is in operation.

Detailed Description

The combing head of fig. 1 is driven by a drive input shaft 31 by means of a main drive motor 12, and the connection between the drive input shaft 31 and the main drive motor 12 is effected by means of drive connections 13, 14, which can be configured in various ways such that the phases of the combing heads 11 running next to one another are offset.

The comb head 11 has a further central shaft 32 which is driven by a drive input shaft 31 through a gear stage. The drive input shaft 31 is here continuously in a rotary motion. On the central shaft 32 there is a nipper drive 26 to which a nipper shaft 23 driven by a crank arm 33 is connected, which nipper shaft ultimately drives an upper nipper drive 30. The upper nipper can be driven by the nipper driven shaft 29 by means of the upper nipper transmission 30, and the lower nipper of the nipper mechanism of the comb head 11 is driven on the nipper shaft 23.

The further drive shafts of the auxiliary drive 27 are connected to the drive input shaft 31, by means of which further shafts or rollers can be driven, in particular for transporting the fibre fleece after the combing process. For example, table-type pinch rollers, feed rollers and the like can be driven via the auxiliary transmission 27, so that the drive power of the main drive motor 12 can also be used for this purpose. In addition, the rotational moment of inertia is increased, whereby the transmission runs more smoothly, in particular by means of a central drive, the dynamics of the oscillating masses can be compensated better.

The combing head 11 also has a planetary gear 28, by means of which the detaching rollers 19 are driven to perform a Pilgerce movement (Pilgercschrittbeveong).

Fig. 2 shows in schematic representation the nipper mechanism 17 of the combing head, and for generating an oscillating movement in the nipper mechanism 17, a cam 16 is connected to the control shaft 15, which cam configuration has a curved path deviating from a circular profile. Depending on the rotational position of the control shaft 15 and the cam 16, the tapping element 38 can introduce a movement into the lower jaw 35 of the jaw mechanism 17, from which movement the movement on the upper jaw 34 can be deduced via the coupling rod 37 and the eccentric 36. For this purpose, the lower nipper 35 is first received by the hinge 25, wherein the circular comb 18 is simultaneously provided by the hinge 25 shown on the left.

The control shaft 15 connected to the cam 16 can form drive connections 13, 14, which are arranged between the main drive motor 12 and the respective combing head 11, in a manner not shown in detail. In this case, the drive connections 13 and 14 are configured differently from one another due to the rotational position of the cam 16, so that adjacent combing heads are out of phase with, for example, likewise adjacent nipper mechanisms 17. Here again, the phases of the further combing heads 11 are identical to one another. Thus, for example, two or more phases are alternately dominant during operation of the combing machine, wherein the same number of combing heads can each be operated with the same phase. The phases can be staggered in groups, for example, when the combing machine has eight combing heads and each, two or four combing head groups, each group runs offset from the other combing head groups. In the case of a combing machine with, for example, ten combing heads, it is possible to form groups of one, two or five combing heads, which are each operated in groups with phase offset. In principle, the sets of combing heads operating in different phases need not be the same size. In the case of a ten-head combing machine, the combing head groups can consist of two groups of two combing heads each and two groups of three combing heads each, which are arranged symmetrically (2, 3, 2 or 2, 3, 2, 3 or 3, 2, 3), for example. In a combing machine with, for example, twelve combing heads, a group of combing heads can consist of one, two, three, four or six combing heads, which each run in groups with phase offset. By means of the staggered execution of the phases during operation of the combing head, a particularly low-oscillation operation of the combing machine and particularly low-vibration operation is produced.

Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment for forming the drive connections 13, 14 by means of rotationally or oscillatingly driven drive shafts 20 and 21 which are connected in a driving manner to the main drive motor by means of a common or in each case a transmission. Thus, the first drive shaft 20 shown forms, for example, a first drive connection 13 for driving a first set of combing heads and the drive shaft 21 forms a second drive connection 14 for driving a second set of combing heads. In this case, the rotation arrows show that the drive shafts 20 and 21 are operated in different phases α1 and α2. Depending on the number of drive shafts, the different phases αn can be increased to the number of combing heads, i.e. preferably eight, ten, twelve or sixteen phases.

The drive shafts 20, 21 are connected to the functional shafts 22 by means of coupling elements 24, wherein these connections are designed such that adjacent functional shafts 22 are each connected to a further drive shaft 20, 21. The functional shaft 22 may be a shaft or axle of a combing head, for example the functional shaft 22 of the combing head 11 may form a nipper shaft 23 or be operatively connected to the circular comb 18 or the detaching roller 19.

Finally, fig. 4 shows an exemplary power consumption P of the main drive motor 12 with respect to time t. Here, the graph shows two power consumptions P1 and P2, and the power consumption P1 corresponds to the first group of combing heads 11, and the power consumption P2 corresponds to the second group of combing heads 11. As previously described, there may be a maximum of n power consumptions Pn, where nmax may be equal to the number of combers or a fraction thereof. In this case, all power consumers Pn are operated in phase opposition with respect to time t.

As the power consumption P1 and P2 goes, they compensate each other above and below the zero line, so that for example the acceleration phase (acceleration phase) of the first set of combing heads 11 can compensate the deceleration phase (deceleration phase) of the second set of combing heads 11. Thus, the total power consumption is saved significantly, since the motion phases of the combing heads can compensate each other in terms of their power requirements, including not only power consumption but also power output, i.e. acceleration and deceleration.

The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred embodiments given above. Rather, a plurality of variants are conceivable, which also use the solution in principle in different types of embodiments. All features and/or advantages derived from the claims, the description or the drawing, including structural details or spatial arrangements, are essential to the invention not only per se but also in various combinations.

List of reference numerals

11. Combing head

12. Main driving motor

13. First drive connection part

14. Second drive connection part

15. Control shaft

16. Cam

17. Clamp plate mechanism

18. Round comb

19. Separating roller

20. Driving shaft

21. Driving shaft

22. Functional shaft

23. Clamp plate shaft

24. Coupling element

25. Hinge assembly

26. Clamp plate transmission mechanism

27. Auxiliary transmission mechanism

28. Planetary gear transmission mechanism

29. Clamp plate driven shaft

30. Upper nipper driving mechanism

31. Driving input shaft

32. Center shaft

33. Crank rocker arm

34. Upper nipper

35. Lower nipper

36. Eccentric wheel

37. Coupling rod

38. Tapping element

α1 first phase

Alpha 2 second phase

Alpha n phase

P power consumption

P1 Power consumption of first group of combing heads

Power consumption of P2 second group of combing heads

Power consumption of Pn nth group of combers

time t

Claims (15)

1. A combing machine for a spinning preparation process has a frame in which a plurality of combing heads (11) are arranged in rows, and has a main drive motor (12) for driving the combing heads (11),

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the first group of combing heads (11) is operatively connected to the main drive motor (12) by means of a first drive connection (13) and can be driven in a first phase (alpha 1) and

at least one second group of combing heads (11) is operatively connected to the main drive motor (12) by means of a second drive connection (14) and can be driven in a second phase (alpha 2),

wherein the combing heads (11) which can be operated in the first phase (alpha 1) and the combing heads (11) which can be operated in the second phase (alpha 2) are arranged alternately and/or symmetrically to each other from the middle of the rows of combing heads (11),

so that during operation of the main drive motor (12), the combing cycles of the first and at least the second groups of combing heads (11) are operated in phase opposition.

2. Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first set of combing heads (11) and the second set of combing heads (11) are driven by a common control shaft (15), wherein a first drive connection (13) is arranged between the control shaft (15) and the first set of combing heads (11) and a second drive connection (14) is arranged between the control shaft (15) and the second set of combing heads (11), whereby, when the main drive motor (12) is running, the combing cycles of the first set of combing heads (11) are running in phase opposition to the combing cycles of the second set of combing heads (11).

3. Combing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a cam (16) is provided for driving the combing head (11) for functions important for the combing cycle, wherein the first drive connection (13) has a cam (16) which is operatively connected to the control shaft (15) in a first phase (α1) for the function of driving the combing head (11), and the second drive connection (14) has a cam (16) which is operatively connected to the control shaft (15) in a second phase (α2).

4. A combing head as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the nipper mechanism (17) is connected with the cam (16) in an oscillating driving manner.

5. Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of phases (αn) can be equal to the number of combing heads (11) or a part of the combing heads (11).

6. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular comb (18) and/or the at least one separating roller (19) are operatively connected in an oscillating manner to a cam on each combing head (11) or to a further cam (16) on each combing head (11).

7. A combing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that,

the first group of combing heads (11) is connected in a driving manner to the main driving motor (12) by means of a driving shaft (20) rotating or oscillating in a first phase (alpha 1), and

the combing heads (11) of the second or further group are connected in a driving manner to the main drive motor (12) by means of a drive shaft (21) which rotates or oscillates in a second phase (alpha 2) or a further phase (alpha n), whereby the combing cycles of the combing heads (11) of the first group are operated in phase opposition to the combing cycles of the combing heads (11) of the second group when the main drive motor (12) is operated.

8. Combing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the first drive shaft (20) and the second or further drive shaft (21) are arranged to run parallel to each other or are arranged concentrically.

9. Combing machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a functional shaft (22) is provided for the combing head (11) which is connected in a driving manner to the drive shafts (20, 21), wherein each functional shaft (22) of adjacent combing heads (11) is connected to the respective drive shaft (20, 21) which runs phase-offset.

10. Combing machine according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the functional shaft (22) of the combing head (11) forms a nipper shaft (23) or is operatively connected to a circular comb (18) or a separating roller (19).

11. Combing machine according to one of the claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the drive shaft (20, 21) extends along the row of combing heads (11) spaced apart parallel to the combing heads and/or through the combing heads (11).

12. Combing machine according to one of the claims 7 to 11, characterized in that a first transmission for driving the first drive shaft (20) and a second or further transmission for driving the second or further drive shaft (21) are provided, or that the drive shafts (20, 21) are drivingly connected to the main drive motor (12) by means of a common transmission.

13. Combing machine according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the functional axes (22) of the combing heads (11) are aligned with each other.

14. Combing machine according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the functional shaft (22) of the combing head (11) is operatively connected to the drive shaft (20, 21) by means of a coupling element (24).

15. Combing machine according to one of the claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the functional shafts (22) adjacent to each other are operatively connected with respective further drive shafts (20, 21).

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