CN116346540A - Self-adaptive air conditioner gateway modularized topology system and expansion method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modularized topological system and an expansion method, wherein the topological system comprises a host and a plurality of expansion modules, the host comprises a CPU and a bus controller, the expansion modules are connected with the host in a plug-in manner, the expansion modules supply power in a cascading manner, the host and the expansion modules are communicated in a bus manner, and the bus controller is used for receiving data from a bus and sending the data to the bus; the scheme provides a modularized interface extensible topology form for an air conditioner extended centralized control scene, creatively designs a sequence identification method applied to an air conditioner gateway extension module, has the technical advantage of low cost compared with the existing industrial field bus, and greatly saves cost and is more suitable for being applied to an air conditioner gateway due to the fact that a special communication chip is omitted, and a module sequence identification method based on power-on detection and a MODBUS bus are adopted.

Description

Self-adaptive air conditioner gateway modularized topology system and expansion method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of air-conditioning gateways, and particularly relates to a topology system and an expansion method capable of realizing rapid expansion of an expansion module.

Background

A gateway refers to a computer system or device that provides data conversion services between multiple networks, and can be said to be a connector between different networks. The air conditioner gateway system is used as a communication bridge between an air conditioner inner machine and an air conditioner outer machine as well as between the air conditioner outer machine and the air conditioner outer machine, realizes specific functions such as air conditioner temperature parameter, compressor power, sensor state detection and the like, and with the rapid development of industries such as intelligent home, the Internet of things and the like, the centralized control air conditioner gateway can uniformly manage a plurality of air conditioners and realize specific functions such as operation time statistics, air conditioner damage alarm and the like based on air conditioner operation information.

The air conditioning gateway is provided with bus interfaces of multiple types and multiple numbers to meet the air conditioning access requirements of different brands of industrial parks and office buildings. If the novel patent with the authorized bulletin number of [ CN214125310U ] discloses a fluorine machine central air conditioner wire control gateway with wide application range, when the central air conditioner gateway wire is installed, the wire hole test is inserted under the condition that the model of the installed gateway wire is not clear, and if not matched, the gateway interface is automatically identified and replaced in the gateway shell until the gateway interface matched with the gateway shell is replaced, so that the three gateway interfaces which are most commonly used in the market are combined in the same central air conditioner wire control gateway, the novel fluorine machine central air conditioner wire control gateway is suitable for central air conditioners of various brands in the market, and the wiring of the gateway is unified.

At present, the mainstream air-conditioning gateway mostly adopts a fixed interface form and the number of interfaces, for example, a part of gateways with fewer interfaces even need to use a plurality of hosts at the same time, so that the cost is greatly wasted, and under the large background of intelligent home, the air-conditioning gateway continuously updates functional units such as wifi communication, infrared communication and the like, and the interfaces in the fixed form are difficult to rapidly expand on the original technical scheme. Therefore, a low-cost module expansion and recognition method is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing air-conditioning gateway, the invention provides a self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modularized topological system and an expansion method, which save a special communication chip compared with a field bus mode and are more suitable for specific application of scenes such as the air-conditioning gateway.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modularized topological system comprises a host and a plurality of expansion modules, wherein the expansion modules are connected with the host in a plugging manner, the expansion modules are powered in a cascading manner, and the host and the expansion modules are communicated in a bus manner;

the host comprises a CPU, a bus controller and a bus time sequence processing unit, wherein the bus controller is used for receiving data from a bus and sending the data to the bus, and the bus time sequence processing unit is used for realizing sequence identification of each expansion module by combining the data received by the bus controller.

Further, the expansion module comprises a singlechip, an internal bus module and an external bus module, wherein the internal bus module is communicated with the bus controller, the external bus module is used for communicating with various air conditioner debugging tool modules or maintenance modules, the expansion module is designed in different models according to actual needs, and the expansion modules in different models are connected with air conditioners of different brands.

Further, the expansion module further comprises a power management module connected with the singlechip, the singlechip is communicated with the host through the internal bus module, and the power management module is used for independently controlling the power on of the follow-up expansion module of the current expansion module according to the power-on time sequence.

Further, the types of buses include, but are not limited to, 485 bus, etherCAT bus, and Fieldbus.

The invention further provides an expansion method of the air conditioner gateway modularized topological system based on self-adaption, which comprises the following steps:

step S1, determining selected expansion modules and quantity according to the quantity and brands of air conditioners which need to be controlled in a centralized manner on site, wherein the expansion modules comprise an expansion module 1, an expansion module 2 and an expansion module 3 … … expansion module n, all the expansion modules are cascaded and are inserted into a host, default addresses of the expansion modules which are not configured are set to be 0xBD, and after the host is started, power is supplied to the nearest expansion module through contacts;

step S2, after the expansion module 1 is electrified, waiting for a certain time delay to send data information taking 0xBE as a function code to a bus, wherein 0xBE is a self-defined function code, which means that the host does not recognize the equipment yet, and the data taking 0xBE as the function code contains the model and interface type information of the current expansion module;

step S3, after receiving the instruction with 0xBE as the function code sent by the expansion module 1, the host writes the information of the expansion module 1 into a queue, and the subsequent host sends an identification command with the address of 0xBD to the bus, wherein the command contains configuration information of the unconfigured module and comprises a new communication address of the expansion module 1, corresponding to the position and attribute information of the nearest expansion module 1;

step S4, after the expansion module 1 receives the new communication address, writing the new communication address into a local memory, and subsequently, the expansion module 1 communicates according to the address and simultaneously supplies power to the expansion module 2 under the control of a power management module of the expansion module 1;

step S5, after the expansion module 2 receives power from the expansion module 1, the flow of the step S2-step S4 is repeated, the expansion module 2 firstly sends identification information to the host, and after the host receives the identification information, the host sends an address modification command to the expansion module 2, and as the address of the expansion module 1 is modified, the address modification command sent by the host can only be received by the current module, namely the expansion module 2, the expansion module 2 further controls the expansion module 3 to be electrified, and other expansion modules are initialized in a circulating mode in sequence;

and S6, when the host receives the instruction from the unconfigured expansion module for the last time and still does not receive the 0xBE function code after a period of time delay, the expansion module is proved to be the last expansion module, the initialization work of all the expansion modules is finished, and meanwhile, the sequence and the state information of the expansion modules are recorded in the host.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

the scheme provides a modularized interface extensible topology form for an air conditioner extended centralized control scene, creatively designs a sequence identification method applied to an air conditioner gateway extension module, has the technical advantage of low cost compared with the existing industrial field bus, and greatly saves cost and is more suitable for being applied to an air conditioner gateway due to the fact that a special communication chip is omitted, and a module sequence identification method based on power-on detection and a MODBUS bus are adopted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-conditioning gateway modular topology system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a modular expansion method of an air-conditioning gateway according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a topology system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more readily understood, a further description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

An embodiment 1 of a self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modular topology system, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, includes a host and a plurality of expansion modules, wherein the expansion modules are connected with the host in a plugging manner, the host communicates with the expansion modules in a bus manner, and the expansion modules are powered in a cascading manner;

the host is a central controller and comprises a CPU, a memory module (memory, external memory), a bus controller and a bus time sequence processing unit, the host runs an embedded operating system, the host is used as the central controller to communicate with each expansion module, the bus controller in the host is used for receiving data from the bus or sending data to the bus, and the bus time sequence processing unit is combined with the data received by the bus controller to realize the sequential identification of each expansion module, wherein the bus according to the embodiment is a MODBUS bus based on 485 communication mode. The method can be particularly used for research and development based on field Ethernet, and can automatically identify the current equipment information and the connection sequence based on XML files, but the scheme needs a special bus protocol stack chip, has high price, and particularly can be used for selecting a bus mode according to actual needs.

The expansion module comprises a singlechip, an internal bus module and an external bus module, wherein the internal bus module is communicated with the bus controller, the external bus module is used for communicating with various air conditioner debugging tool modules or maintenance modules, the expansion module can be designed in different types according to actual needs, the expansion modules of different models are used for connecting different brands of air conditioners, the centralized control of the multi-brand air conditioners is realized, and the various air conditioner debugging tool modules or maintenance modules can be specifically divided into specific functions of an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, an air conditioner maintenance unit, an air conditioner debugging unit, a communication unit and the like. The extension modules are connected to the host computer in a plugging mode, golden finger contacts of the extension modules are connected with the host computer in the plugging process, the extension modules communicate with the host computer through a MODBUS bus, a plurality of extension modules supply power in a cascading mode, the power management modules are integrated inside the extension modules, and each extension module can independently control the power connection of the following extension modules according to a power-on time sequence.

Different functions CAN be realized by different expansion modules, and for different interface forms (485 bus, CAN bus and the like), the expansion modules further comprise a power management module, a singlechip control system communicates with a host through the bus, and meanwhile, the singlechip system is matched with an MOS tube in the power management module to realize the control of power supply of a later-stage module.

In the embodiment, the host and the expansion module are designed, if two 485 buses control an air conditioner and one CAN bus control an air conditioner exist for a user, the two 485 communication expansion modules, one CAN bus expansion module and one host are designed according to the specific requirements, so that the current application scene CAN be adapted, meanwhile, no redundancy function exists under the topology structure, the efficient utilization is realized, and the user CAN realize the customized system structure only by plugging the purchased designed expansion module on the host; if the subsequent user continues to purchase a 485 bus air conditioner and a KNX bus air conditioner, the current scene can be quickly adapted only by matching and expanding a 485 communication expansion module and a KNX communication expansion module, and the redundant function is not generated; compared with the traditional mode of realizing self-adaption of an interface to buses in different forms by using a mechanical structure and a circuit, if two 485 bus control air conditioners and one CAN bus control air conditioner exist for a user, three communication interfaces are occupied, other bus functions of the three interfaces are redundant, the cost of the user and a manufacturer is obviously increased, and the scheme completely overcomes the defect.

In embodiment 2, based on the air-conditioning gateway modular topology system proposed in embodiment 1, the installation order of the expansion modules may be chaotic or there may be a topology structure where a plurality of identical function modules coexist at the same time, so it is important to implement expansion of a plurality of different function expansion modules in an adaptive manner. With this topology, communication between the host and the modules is a key problem, and in the scenario described in embodiment 1, the user cannot know the specific installation order of the modules, and if the user connects the modules to the host in a serial manner at will, the host cannot know the specific attribute and the arrangement order of each module, which will result in that the host cannot communicate with the modules.

The specific technical flow of the expansion method according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and the expansion method comprises the following steps:

step S1, determining the number and the selected expansion modules according to the number and brands of air conditioners which need to be controlled in a centralized manner on site, plugging the expansion modules into a host (each expansion module is communicated with the host in a bus mode and is powered by being connected in a cascading mode), setting the default address of the expansion module which is not configured as 0xBD without paying attention to the connection sequence with the host in the plugging process; after the host is started, power is firstly supplied to the nearest expansion module 1 through the contact;

step S2, after the expansion module 1 is powered on, waiting for a certain delay to send data information taking 0xBE as a function code to the bus, wherein 0xBE is a self-defined function code, which means that the host does not recognize the device, and the data taking 0xBE as the function code contains specific information of the current expansion module, including information such as the type of the expansion module, the type of an interface and the like, wherein the default address and the code of the function code are self-defined according to requirements.

Step S3, after receiving the instruction with 0xBE as the function code sent by the expansion module 1, the host writes the information of the expansion module 1 into a queue, and the subsequent host sends an identification command with an address of 0xBD to the bus corresponding to the position and attribute information of the nearest expansion module 1, wherein the command contains configuration information of an unconfigured module, and the information is mainly a new communication address of the expansion module 1.

And S4, after the expansion module 1 receives the new communication address, writing the new communication address into the local memory, and then, carrying out communication according to the address by the subsequent expansion module 1, wherein the expansion module 1 controls the internal mos tube to supply power to the next module, namely, the expansion module 2.

And step S5, after the expansion module 2 receives power from the expansion module 1, repeating the flow of the step S2-step S4, wherein the expansion module 2 firstly transmits identification information to the host, and after the host receives the identification information, the host transmits an address modification command to the expansion module 2, and because the address of the expansion module 1 is modified, the address modification command transmitted by the host can only be received by the current module in any state, namely the expansion module 2 receives the address modification command, the expansion module 2 controls the expansion module 3 to be electrified, and other expansion modules are initialized in a circulating mode.

Step S6, when the host receives the instruction (0 xBE function code) from the unconfigured expansion module for the last time and still does not receive the instruction after a period of time delay, the expansion module is proved to be the expansion module at the tail part. The initialization of all the expansion modules is completed, and the sequence and state information of completing each expansion module are recorded in the host.

Based on the expansion method, the possible installation sequence of the scene in the embodiment 1 is 485 bus expansion module-CAN bus expansion module-485 bus expansion module-KNX bus expansion module, according to the expansion method described in the embodiment 2, after the system is powered on, the host firstly communicates with the first 485 bus expansion module and distributes the communication address of the first 485 bus expansion module, then the first 485 bus expansion module controls the second CAN bus expansion module to be powered on, the host communicates with the second expansion module and distributes the communication address of the second CAN bus expansion module, then the above process is repeated until the last KNX bus expansion module address distribution is completed, the host completes the communication addresses and attribute information of all plug-in modules, the unordered expansion and identification processes of a plurality of expansion modules are completed, and the normal communication between the host and the expansion modules is realized.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention without departing from the technical content of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modularized topological system is characterized by comprising a host and a plurality of expansion modules, wherein the expansion modules are connected with the host in a plugging manner, the expansion modules supply power in a cascading manner, and the host and the expansion modules are communicated in a bus manner;

the host comprises a CPU, a bus controller and a bus time sequence processing unit, wherein the bus controller is used for receiving data from a bus and sending the data to the bus, and the bus time sequence processing unit is used for realizing sequence identification of each expansion module by combining the data received by the bus controller.

2. The adaptive air conditioning gateway modular topology system of claim 1, wherein: the expansion module comprises a singlechip, an internal bus module and an external bus module, wherein the internal bus module is communicated with the bus controller, and the external bus module is used for communicating with various air conditioner debugging tool modules or maintenance modules.

3. The adaptive air conditioning gateway modular topology system of claim 2, wherein: the expansion module further comprises a power management module connected with the singlechip, the singlechip communicates with the host through the internal bus module, and the power management module independently controls the power on of the follow-up expansion module of the current expansion module according to the power-on time sequence.

4. The adaptive air conditioning gateway modular topology system of claim 1, wherein: types of buses include, but are not limited to, 485 bus, etherCAT bus, and fieldbus.

5. The expansion method of the self-adaptive air-conditioning gateway modular topology system based on the claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step S1, determining selected expansion modules and quantity according to the quantity and brands of air conditioners which need to be controlled in a centralized manner on site, wherein the expansion modules comprise an expansion module 1, an expansion module 2 and an expansion module 3 … … expansion module n, plugging the expansion modules into a host, setting the default address of the expansion module which is not configured as 0xBD, and after the host is started, supplying power to the nearest expansion module through contacts;

step S2, after the expansion module 1 is electrified, waiting for a certain time delay to send data information taking 0xBE as a function code to a bus, wherein 0xBE is a self-defined function code, which means that the host does not recognize the equipment yet, and the data taking 0xBE as the function code contains the model and interface type information of the current expansion module;

step S3, after receiving the instruction with 0xBE as the function code sent by the expansion module 1, the host writes the information of the expansion module 1 into a queue, and the subsequent host sends an identification command with the address of 0xBD to the bus, wherein the command contains configuration information of the unconfigured module and comprises a new communication address of the expansion module 1, corresponding to the position and attribute information of the nearest expansion module 1;

step S4, after the expansion module 1 receives the new communication address, writing the new communication address into a local memory, and subsequently, the expansion module 1 communicates according to the address and simultaneously supplies power to the expansion module 2 under the control of a power management module of the expansion module 1;

step S5, after the expansion module 2 receives power from the expansion module 1, the flow of the step S2-step S4 is repeated, the expansion module 2 firstly sends identification information to the host, and after the host receives the identification information, the host sends an address modification command to the expansion module 2, and as the address of the expansion module 1 is modified, the address modification command sent by the host can only be received by the current module, namely the expansion module 2, the expansion module 2 further controls the expansion module 3 to be electrified, and other expansion modules are initialized in a circulating mode in sequence;

and S6, when the host receives the instruction from the unconfigured expansion module for the last time and still does not receive the 0xBE function code after a period of time delay, the expansion module is proved to be the last expansion module, the initialization work of all the expansion modules is finished, and meanwhile, the sequence and the state information of the expansion modules are recorded in the host.

Images