CN116346236A - Optical pulse frequency division method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical pulse frequency division method, which takes an optical pulse to be frequency-divided as an optical carrier wave to be input into a photoelectric oscillation loop, and enables the amplitude of an input microwave signal of an electro-optic modulator in the photoelectric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optic modulator
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π A half-wave voltage for the electro-optic modulator; when the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided. The invention also discloses an optical pulse frequency dividing device. Compared with the prior art, the invention can divide the frequency of the optical pulse sequence with any repetition frequency without using the outsideAnd the method is synchronous, does not need to use a large dispersion medium, and has the advantages of low cost, simple structure and stable link.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical pulse frequency division method.
Background
Along with the development of optical frequency comb technology, the application of optical pulse sequences is also increasing, and the optical pulse sequences have the advantages of more carrier waves, consistent frequency intervals, good coherence and the like, so that the optical pulse sequences are widely applied to the fields of optical communication, gas detection, precise measurement and the like. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the demand of society for various digital services is gradually increased, and the data flow is rapidly increased, especially the wide application of technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, the internet of things, block chains and the like, and the increasing speed of the data flow is over-imaginable. The optical pulse sequence has a plurality of components with adjustable frequency intervals, each frequency component can be used as a communication carrier, and the optical pulse sequence is used as a carrier source of a wavelength division multiplexing communication system, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, easy coordination of carriers and the like.
There are various methods for generating the optical pulse sequence, such as an external modulation method, a cyclic frequency shift based on a modulator, a mode-locked laser based on a mode-locked laser, etc., but in practical application, the optical pulse sequence is generally generated by the mode-locked laser, and the mode-locked laser on the market can be divided into two types, a passive mode-locked laser and an active mode-locked laser, wherein the repetition frequency of the optical pulse sequence generated by the former is unchangeable, the application is limited in the experiment, while the repetition frequency of the latter is changeable, but not the full range coverage, and the tunable frequency range is from 1GHz to 40GHz for the active mode-locked laser (UOC series) of Pratel 1550nm series which is widely applied on the market, and if the optical pulse sequence with the repetition frequency of MHz level is required to be used in the application, the active mode-locked laser cannot be directly generated. Therefore, it is considered to perform the frequency division operation based on the existing optical pulse train, thereby obtaining the desired frequency interval. The existing optical pulse frequency division method uses the time domain Talbot effect to carry out optical pulse frequency division (Azana J, muril M. Technical self-imaging effects: theory and application for multiplying pulse repetition rates [ J ]. IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electronics,2001,7 (4): p.728-744.), the time domain Talbot effect is a method for regulating and controlling the optical pulse by using a dispersion medium, and when the dispersion amount of the dispersion medium meets a certain condition, the frequency division of an optical pulse sequence can be realized. However, an optical pulse train with a frequency interval of 1GHz is intended to be divided by two by using the Talbot effect, the required dispersion is about 125600ps/nm, and the problem of large dispersion is high cost and large loss, so that it is not practical to divide by using the Talbot effect for a pulse train with a low repetition frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing the optical pulse frequency division method which can divide the frequency of an optical pulse sequence with any repetition frequency without using external synchronization and using a large dispersion medium and has the advantages of low cost, simple structure and stable link.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention specifically solves the technical problems as follows:
an optical pulse frequency dividing method uses the optical pulse to be divided as optical carrier wave to be input into photoelectric oscillation loop and makes the amplitude of input microwave signal of electro-optic modulator in photoelectric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π A half-wave voltage for the electro-optic modulator; when the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
Preferably, let the
When the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
Preferably, let the
When the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the three-frequency-division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
Further, the circuit part of the opto-electronic oscillation loop outputs an inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse to be divided, simultaneously with the frequency-divided signal.
The following technical scheme can be obtained based on the same inventive concept:
an optical pulse frequency divider comprises an optical-electric oscillation loop taking optical pulse to be divided as optical carrier, and the amplitude of input microwave signal of electro-optical modulator in the optical-electric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π Is a half-wave voltage of the electro-optic modulator.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the optical pulse frequency dividing device outputs a frequency division signal of an optical pulse to be divided.
Preferably, let the
The optical pulse frequency dividing device outputs a three-frequency dividing signal of an optical pulse to be divided.
Further, the device also comprises an electric coupler arranged in the circuit part of the photoelectric oscillation loop and used for extracting an inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse to be divided.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the frequency division of the optical pulse by utilizing the photoelectric oscillator, and the modulation signal of the photoelectric modulator in the photoelectric oscillator is the inter-harmonic signal of the input optical pulse, and no external radio frequency signal is needed, so that clock synchronization is not needed, a large dispersion medium is not needed, the cost is low, and the loss is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical pulse divider according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a frequency division result;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-division result, i.e., when the division factor q=1/3;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-division result, i.e., when the division factor q=2/3;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the spectrum before and after frequency division;
fig. 6 is a time domain diagram before and after frequency division.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention uses the photoelectric oscillation loop to divide the frequency of the optical pulse, and the modulation signal input into the electro-optical modulator is the inter-harmonic signal of the input optical pulse through amplitude-phase adjustment, so that an external radio frequency signal and a dispersion medium are not required to be used, and the system cost is reduced.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an optical pulse frequency dividing method uses the optical pulse to be divided as optical carrier wave to be input into photoelectric oscillation loop and makes the amplitude of input microwave signal of electro-optic modulator in photoelectric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π A half-wave voltage for the electro-optic modulator; when the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
An optical pulse frequency divider comprises an optical-electric oscillation loop taking optical pulse to be divided as optical carrier, and the amplitude of input microwave signal of electro-optical modulator in the optical-electric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π Is a half-wave voltage of the electro-optic modulator.
For the convenience of public understanding, the following detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention will be given with reference to a specific embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the optical pulse frequency divider of the present embodiment has a main body that is an optical-electrical oscillation loop, and includes a mach-zehnder modulator, an optical fiber, a photodetector, a filter, an amplifier, a phase shifter, and an adjustable electric attenuator; as shown in fig. 1, in order to extract the inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse while achieving the optical pulse division, the present embodiment further provides a directional coupler in the circuit portion of the optical-electrical oscillation loop. The optical pulse to be divided is used as an optical carrier wave to be input into the photoelectric oscillation loop, and the amplitude of an input microwave signal of the electro-optical modulator in the photoelectric oscillation loop and the bias phase of the electro-optical modulator meet certain conditions, when the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the frequency division signal of the optical pulse can be output from the electro-optical modulator, and meanwhile, the inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse is output from the directional coupler.
Let the input light pulse to be divided be:
where P is the peak power of each pulse, T rep Is the pulse-to-pulse repetition time interval.
The modulation signals injected into the electro-optic modulator are:
wherein A and
is the amplitude and phase of the modulated signal, N is an integer, and the frequency of the modulated signal is equal to the frequency of the inter-harmonic signal of the input optical pulse train.
The transfer function of the electro-optic modulator is:
wherein V is π Is the half-wave voltage of the modulator, a is the microwave signal amplitude when input to the modulator, and θ is the bias phase of the modulator.
The modulated signal is:
from equation (4), it is known that the repetition frequency of the optical pulse train can be changed when a and θ take appropriate values.
In particular, the method comprises the steps of,
k is an integer.
The electrical signal obtained through the beat frequency of the photoelectric detector is as follows:
filtering the direct current component to obtain:
namely:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
is the responsivity of the photodetector.
The pulse divide-by-two and divide-by-three will be derived as follows:
when q=1/2, when a and θ take appropriate values, the optical pulse train will be divided into two, substituting q=1/2 into (4) to obtain:
at this time, the repetition frequency of the pulse has been shown to be divided by two, so only consideration is needed, the pulse amplitude is not 0 when n=0, and when n=1, the pulse amplitude is 0, further obtaining:
solving the equation to obtain:
that is, when a and θ take the values, the opto-electric oscillation loop can realize the two-division of the optical pulse, and the frequency division result is shown in fig. 2, and the result of the formula (10) is substituted into the formula (4), so that the optical pulse sequence after the two-division is obtained:
when q=1/3, when a, θ take appropriate values, the optical pulse train will be divided by three, substituting q=1/3 into (4) to obtain:
the repetition frequency of the pulse at this time already shows the case of three divisions, so only need to consider that when n=0, the pulse amplitude is not 0, when n=1 and n=2, the pulse amplitude is 0, further obtain:
solving the equation to obtain:
namely, when a and theta take the values, the loop can realize three frequency division of the pulse sequence, and the frequency division result is shown in figure 3; substituting the result of the formula (14) into the formula (4), obtaining the optical pulse sequence after three frequency division:
when q=2/3, three-division is also achieved, substantially the same as in the case of q=1/3, and hence the result can also be expressed as formula (15), and fig. 4 is a simulation result thereof.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the technical scheme of the invention, when q=1/2 is selected, namely two frequency division is used for experimental verification, an experimental schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1, the repetition frequency of an optical pulse sequence output by a mode-locked laser is 101.8MHz, the optical pulse sequence is injected into a Mach-Zehnder modulator, before a photoelectric oscillation loop is formed, an external microwave source is not used as a modulation signal of the Mach-Zehnder modulator, the optical pulse sequence is not modulated when passing through the Mach-Zehnder modulator, the output of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is divided into two parts by a 90:10 optical coupler, the part with lower power is used as a monitoring end and is connected with an oscilloscope, the other part is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, then the electric signal passes through a band-pass filter, the 3-dB bandwidth of the band-pass filter is 10MHz, the center frequency is about 1/2 of the repetition frequency of the optical pulse sequence, then one directional coupler divides the signal from the band-pass filter into two paths, one path is extracted to obtain an inter-harmonic, and the other path is injected into the Mach-Zehnder modulator, and the photoelectric oscillation signal is formed after the phase-shift oscillation loop is started. The bias voltage and the bias phase of the Mach-Zehnder modulator are adjusted until the photoelectric oscillation reaches a stable state, and the result seen on the oscilloscope is shown in fig. 6, wherein a solid line represents a waveform diagram of an initial optical pulse sequence, a dotted line represents a waveform diagram of an optical pulse sequence after two-division, and it can be seen from the diagram that the optical pulse sequence is successfully divided into two parts, that is, the time period of the optical pulse sequence is doubled as initial; the result is shown in fig. 5, in which the solid line represents the spectrogram of the initial optical pulse sequence, the broken line represents the spectrogram of the optical pulse sequence after the frequency division by two, and it can be seen from the figure that the optical pulse sequence is divided by two and the repetition frequency becomes half of the initial one.
In conclusion, the invention can realize the frequency division of the optical pulse sequence based on photoelectric oscillation and inter-harmonic extraction. Compared with the existing optical pulse frequency division method based on the time domain Talbot effect, the method does not need to use a large dispersion module, so that high cost and large loss are avoided. Meanwhile, the method uses the inter-harmonic signal as a modulation signal, and radio frequency synchronization is not needed. In addition, the frequency division number of the method is not fixed, and the method can be used for two-frequency division and three-frequency division. The device has the advantages of low cost, low loss, simple structure, stable link, flexible operation and easy realization, and can be widely applied to the fields of microwave photon links, optical communication systems and the like.
Claims (8)
1. An optical pulse frequency dividing method is characterized by that the optical pulse to be divided is used as optical carrier wave to be input into photoelectric oscillation loop, and the amplitude of input microwave signal of electro-optic modulator in photoelectric oscillation loop is made
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π A half-wave voltage for the electro-optic modulator; when the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
2. The optical pulse dividing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of
When the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the frequency division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
3. The optical pulse dividing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of
When the photoelectric oscillation loop realizes steady-state oscillation, the modulated optical signal output from the photoelectric modulator is the three-frequency-division signal of the optical pulse to be frequency-divided.
4. A method of dividing an optical pulse according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circuit portion of the opto-electronic oscillation loop outputs an inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse to be divided, simultaneously with the frequency-divided signal.
5. An optical pulse frequency dividing device is characterized by comprising an optical-electric oscillation loop taking an optical pulse to be divided as an optical carrier wave, wherein the amplitude of an input microwave signal of an electro-optical modulator in the optical-electric oscillation loop
Bias phase of electro-optical modulator>
Wherein the frequency division factor q=1/2, 1/3,2/3, k is an integer, V π Is a half-wave voltage of the electro-optic modulator.
6. The optical pulse divider apparatus according to claim 5,
the optical pulse frequency dividing device outputs a frequency division signal of an optical pulse to be divided.
7. The optical pulse divider according to claim 5, wherein the pulse divider is configured to
The optical pulse frequency dividing device outputs a three-frequency dividing signal of an optical pulse to be divided.
8. The optical pulse dividing apparatus of claim 5, further comprising an electrical coupler disposed in a circuit portion of the opto-electronic oscillation loop for extracting an inter-harmonic signal of the optical pulse to be divided.
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