CN116343557A - Modular programming education experiment trolley - Google Patents
Modular programming education experiment trolley Download PDFInfo
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- CN116343557A CN116343557A CN202310605447.0A CN202310605447A CN116343557A CN 116343557 A CN116343557 A CN 116343557A CN 202310605447 A CN202310605447 A CN 202310605447A CN 116343557 A CN116343557 A CN 116343557A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modularized programming education experiment trolley, which comprises three layers of PCB boards arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the PCB boards are electrically connected in sequence through inter-board joints: a motion drive plate, a control expansion plate, and a sensor plate; the motion driving board is responsible for multi-mode power management, motor fixing and motor driving, and a small number of sensor expansion interfaces; the control expansion board is responsible for IO selective expansion of the main control board, signal butt joint of the upper and lower laminates and more sensor interfaces; different sensors are installed on the sensor board, and the sensors are plugged and replaced according to teaching requirements. The invention realizes the seamless modularized interface expansion of the corresponding main control board on the basis of adapting to different types of main control boards, thereby being applied to programming experiments, and the process does not need to carry out the transformation of the circuit board of the experiment trolley.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board development, in particular to a modularized programming education experiment trolley.
Background
With the advent of the artificial intelligence era, programming has become an integral part of the technological innovation of schools. In the programming education of middle and primary schools, the mode of experimental teaching gradually develops to the diversification, accomplishes multi-project programming education through limited experimental teaching aid, becomes the focus of education institutions attention. The programming dolly that appears on the market at present is as one of experiment teaching aid, has a great deal of problems:
1. the whole volume is large, students are actually in classrooms, and the students do not have large activity sites;
2. each trolley is designed according to manufacturers, has fixed functions, has strong structural coupling of each part, and finally causes poor expansibility, and is purchased and repeatedly invested in schools;
3. the maintenance cost is high, the coupling degree of each component is too high, pressure is brought to the later maintenance of manufacturers, and the later maintenance and replacement cost is high.
Therefore, how to provide a programming education experiment trolley capable of performing modular interface expansion for different main control boards is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current research situation and the existing problems, the invention provides a modularized programming education experiment trolley which realizes seamless modularized interface expansion of a corresponding main control board on the basis of adapting to different types of main control boards, thereby being applied to programming experiments, and the process does not need to reform a circuit board of the experiment trolley.
The invention provides a modularized programming education experiment trolley which is provided with three layers of PCB boards which are arranged in a stacked manner and are electrically connected through inter-board interfaces in sequence, wherein the inter-board interfaces comprise pin row and female row structures; the three-layer PCB sequentially comprises the following components from bottom to top: a motion drive plate, a control expansion plate, and a sensor plate; wherein,,
the motion driving plate includes: a multi-mode power supply module and a motor driving module; the bottom surface and the side edges of the motion driving plate are connected with sensor interfaces; the multi-mode power supply module is used for providing different input power supply voltages for the three-layer PCB, and the motor and the driving module are used for providing driving force for movement and steering for the experiment trolley; the motion driving board sends a power supply signal and a sensing signal to the control expansion board through an inter-board interface, and receives a control signal sent by the control expansion board;
the control expansion board includes: a main control board slot, a main control board identification circuit, a PWM signal expansion chip and a multi-path analog switch which are electrically connected with the main control board slot; the side edge of the control expansion board is connected with a sensor interface; the main control board slot is used for connecting different main control boards, the main control board identification circuit is used for identifying the type of the main control board and controlling the multi-mode power supply module to gate corresponding power supply voltage as a power supply signal according to the identified type; the PWM signal expansion chip is used for expanding an input signal interface; the multipath analog switch is used for expanding the output signal interface; the PWM signal expansion chip is electrically connected with the multipath analog switch and provides address bits for the multipath analog switch;
the sensor board includes: a communication module; sensor interfaces are arranged on the top surface and the side edges of the sensor board; the communication module is used for carrying out wireless/wired communication with the external equipment; the sensor board sends sensing signals and external communication instructions to the control expansion board, and receives power supply signals and control signals sent by the control expansion board.
Preferably, a row of nuts connected with the control expansion board is arranged on the top surface of the motion driving board, and row pins connected with the motion driving board are arranged at the relative positions of the bottom surface of the control expansion board; the upper surface of the control expansion board is provided with a row bus connected with the sensor board, and the relative position of the bottom surface of the sensor board is provided with a row needle connected with the control expansion board.
Preferably, after the row bus of the lower-layer PCB is connected with the row pins of the adjacent upper-layer PCB, the top surface of the row bus is abutted to the bottom surface of the upper-layer PCB.
Preferably, the multi-mode power supply module includes: the charging and discharging management circuit is electrically connected with the boosting module and the power expansion interface;
the charge and discharge management circuit is used for connecting a first power supply;
the boosting module is used for boosting the first power supply to obtain a second power supply;
the power expansion interface is used for expanding and connecting the wireless charging module.
Preferably, the first power supply is 3.3V, and the second power supply is 5V.
Preferably, the main control board identification circuit includes:
the main control board slot is connected with 30pin and 38pin of the main control board identification circuit; the 30pin receives a level signal VT30 sent by the main control board, and the 38pin receives a level signal VT38 sent by the main control board;
VT30 gets level signal VT30R through an not gate, VT38 gets level signal VT38R through an not gate;
VT30 and VT38R are connected with the power supply switch of the first power supply through an AND gate, VT38 and VT30R are connected with the power supply switch of the second power supply through an AND gate;
and the master control board synchronously transmits VT30 and VT38 to 30pin and 38pin respectively, and different types of master control boards transmit VT30 and VT38 in different high and low level combination modes, so that the gating of the first power supply or the second power supply is realized.
Preferably, the PWM signal expansion chip comprises N8-way analog switches, N is more than 1, and the output signals on the expansion bits are routed to N pins of the main control board through the address bits of the PWM signal expansion chip.
Preferably, the control expansion board further comprises a two-way SPST switch for processing the conflict signal; the two-way SPST switch VC5 is configured to receive the master control board type discriminating signal, and when setting the two-way SPST switch VC 5=1, to designate a conflicting master control board type, and cut off a connection path between the EP pin output signal of the PWM signal expansion chip and the master control board expansion slot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the experimental trolley realizes function modularization, and the functions of the experimental trolley can be expanded by developing various external sensors through plugging, so that extremely strong maintainability and expansibility are realized;
the invention has compact structure, the length of the body is only 10cm, the occupied area is small, and the invention is convenient for use in the scene with limited space such as classroom teaching;
the invention provides a multi-mode power supply to match teaching experiment items applicable to different main control boards, and can expand wireless charging, thereby being convenient for school maintenance and management;
the invention can easily expand and support multiple types of main control boards, including an Arduino main control board and a Microbit main control board.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from the provided drawings without inventive labor for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a modular programming education experiment cart provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of a modular programming education experiment cart provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control expansion board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a modular programming education experiment cart provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a modular programming education experimental cart provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a logic schematic diagram of a main control board identification circuit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a PWM signal expansion chip pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of three 8-way analog switch pins according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The principle of application of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the modular programming education experiment trolley provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with three layers of PCB boards which are arranged in a stacked manner, and the PCB boards have corresponding electric functions and are also used as mechanical structures for carrying a main body of a vehicle body.
The three layers of PCB boards are electrically connected through inter-board joints in sequence, and the inter-board joints comprise a pin 5 row bus 4 structure; the three-layer PCB sequentially comprises the following components from bottom to top: a motion driving plate, a control expansion plate 2 and a sensor plate 3;
the motion driving plate serves as a bottom plate: the sensor is defined as a power supply and driving layer, is responsible for power supply management, motor fixing and motor driving, and is a small number of sensor expansion interfaces;
the control expansion board 2 serves as a middle layer board: the data exchange and expansion layer is defined to be responsible for IO expansion of a main control board, signal butt joint of the upper layer board and the lower layer board and more sensor interfaces 6;
the sensor board 3 acts as a top plate: the sensor layer is defined, a plurality of sensors can be arranged, different sensors are installed, and the sensors are plugged and replaced according to teaching requirements.
The connection relation and composition of the three-layer PCB board are described as follows:
the motion driving plate includes: a multi-mode power supply module and a motor driving module; the bottom surface and the side edges of the motion driving plate are connected with a sensor interface 6; the multi-mode power supply module is used for providing different input power supply voltages for the three-layer PCB, and the motor and the driving module are used for providing driving force for movement and steering for the experiment trolley; the motion driving board sends a power supply signal and a sensing signal to the control expansion board 2 through an inter-board interface, and receives a control signal sent by the control expansion board 2;
the control expansion board 2 includes: a main control board slot 7, a main control board identification circuit, a PWM signal expansion chip and a multi-path analog switch which are electrically connected with the main control board slot 7; the side edges (front, back, left and right) of the control expansion board 2 are connected with a sensor interface 6; the main control board slot 7 is used for connecting different main control boards, the main control board identification circuit is used for identifying the type of the main control board and controlling the multi-mode power supply module to gate corresponding power supply voltage as a power supply signal according to the identified type; the PWM signal expansion chip is used for expanding an input signal interface; the multipath analog switch is used for expanding the output signal interface; the PWM signal expansion chip is electrically connected with the multipath analog switch and provides address bits for the multipath analog switch;
the sensor board 3 includes: a communication module; the top surface and the side edges of the sensor plate 3 are provided with sensor interfaces 6; the communication module is used for carrying out wireless/wired communication with the external equipment; the sensor board 3 transmits a sensing signal and an external communication instruction to the control expansion board 2, and receives a power supply signal and a control signal transmitted by the control expansion board 2.
In one embodiment, the top surface of the motion driving plate is provided with a row of bus bars 4 connected with the control expansion plate 2, and the relative position of the bottom surface of the control expansion plate 2 is provided with a row of pins 5 connected with the motion driving plate; the top surface of the control expansion board 2 is provided with a row bus 4 connected with the sensor board 3, and the relative position of the bottom surface of the sensor board 3 is provided with a row needle 5 connected with the control expansion board 2.
In one embodiment, after the row bus 4 of the lower PCB board is connected with the row pins 5 of the adjacent upper PCB board, the top surface of the row bus 4 abuts against the bottom surface of the upper PCB board.
In one embodiment, nylon posts (preferably M3,11mm high) are also arranged between the lower PCB and the adjacent upper PCB by screw fixation for reinforcing the inter-plate supporting force.
After the three-layer PCB is assembled, the length of the whole vehicle main body is not more than 10cm, so that the whole vehicle main body is convenient for students in middle and primary schools to take and put, and is also convenient for operating in a narrow area (such as a desk).
In one embodiment, a multi-mode power supply module includes: the charging and discharging management circuit is electrically connected with the boosting module and the power expansion interface;
the charge and discharge management circuit is used for connecting a first power supply;
the boosting module is used for boosting the first power supply to obtain a second power supply;
the power expansion interface is used for expanding and connecting the wireless charging module.
In the embodiment, a single 3.7V lithium battery is used as a power supply, 5V power supply is obtained by matching with a charge and discharge management and boosting circuit, and a computer USB port can be used for direct charging; the system also comprises a group of power expansion interfaces which can be used for expanding and connecting the wireless charging module, so that school management is facilitated.
In one embodiment, the first power supply is 3.3V and the second power supply is 5V.
In one embodiment, the motor and driving module comprises 4N 20 motors, motor brackets and motor driving units, the motor driving signals sent by the control expansion board 2 are obtained through the row bus 4,
in one embodiment, the sensor interface 6 of the motion drive plate may connect through the row bus 4 to sensors, such as infrared tracking sensors, that must be mounted on the bottom or side of the motion drive plate.
In one embodiment, wheels 8 are fixed to the motion drive plate, together with an N20 motor.
In one embodiment, the main board slot 7 may employ a 40PIN connector.
In one embodiment, the sensor interface 6 of the control expansion board 2 may connect expansion sensors through the row bus 4.
In one embodiment, the main control board identification circuit includes:
the main control board slot 7 is connected with 30pin and 38pin of the main control board identification circuit; the 30pin receives a level signal VT30 sent by the main control board, and the 38pin receives a level signal VT38 sent by the main control board;
VT30 gets level signal VT30R through an not gate, VT38 gets level signal VT38R through an not gate;
VT30 and VT38R are connected with the power supply switch of the first power supply through the AND gate, VT38 and VT30R are connected with the power supply switch of the second power supply through the AND gate;
the main control board synchronously transmits VT30 and VT38 to 30pin and 38pin respectively, and different types of main control boards transmit VT30 and VT38 in different high-low level combination modes, so that gating of the first power supply or the second power supply is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific implementation procedure is as follows:
the type of the main control board is identified through the level signals of 30pin and 38pin, and the signal of 30pin is VT30, and the signal of 38pin is VT38;
when the main control board is Micro: bit, v30=1, vt38=0 (determined by the Micro: bit self characteristics);
when the main control board is Arduino, v30=0 and vt38=1, (corresponding processing circuits are arranged on the main control board identification circuit for 30pin and 38 pin);
considering the influence of interference or error, the type of the main control board is determined by using the AND operation of two paths of signals, namely:
Micro:bit=VT30·VT38R=VC3；
Arduino=VT30R·VT38=VC5。
from above, when Micro: bit is inserted, vc3=1, vc5=0, and when Arduino is inserted, vc3=0, vc5=1. Further, the power supply VCC is provided for the main control board operation by two power supply switches, and vcc=3.3v when vc3=1, and vcc=5v when vc5=1.
The power supply switch can be a relay, and has the advantage of simple structure; and a MOS tube switch circuit can be selected, so that the device has the advantage of smaller volume.
In this embodiment, the two types of main control boards can support programming control through the C language and Python, so as to meet the learning requirements of different user programming levels and different programming languages.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the PWM signal expansion chip uses an I2C PWM signal expansion chip, and the 16 PWM signals are obtained through I2C. Taking micro:bit main control board access as an example, the expansion principle of the PWM signal expansion chip is explained:
micro: bit available for external use is less IO and therefore IO expansion is required, wherein the output part is expanded, and the I2C signal is expanded to 16-way output (EP-0 to EP-15) by using a PWM expansion chip. For example, in the car scenario, four-wheel independent drive requires 4-way PWM control speeds (EP 12, EP-14, EP-2, EP-4 for PWM1, PWM2, PWM3, PWM 4), 4-way logic level control forward or reverse directions (EP-13, EP-15, EP-3, EP-5 for DIR1, DIR2, DIR3, DIR 4), and EP-9, EP-10, EP-11 for address bits (low, medium, high) of the multiple analog switches for input signal expansion.
For the expansion of output signals, micro: bit Pin0, pin1 and Pin2 can be used for processing input signals, as shown in FIG. 8, signals on a plurality of expansion bits are routed to Pin0, pin1 and Pin2 through three 8-way analog switches, wherein an ES1 Pin signal is used for a vehicle head expansion interface, an ES2 Pin signal is arranged on two side opening expansion interfaces in the middle of a vehicle, and an ES3 Pin signal is used for a vehicle tail expansion interface.
In one embodiment, the PWM signal expansion chip comprises N8-way analog switches, N is larger than 1, and the output signals on the expansion bits are routed to N pins of the main control board through the address bits of the PWM signal expansion chip.
In one embodiment, the control expansion board 2 further comprises a two-way SPST switch for handling conflicting signals. The two-way SPST switch VC5 is configured to receive the master control board type discriminating signal, and when setting the two-way SPST switch VC 5=1, to designate a conflicting master control board type, and cut off a connection path between the EP pin output signal of the PWM signal expansion chip and the master control board expansion slot.
For example, when Arduino is inserted, part of the Arduino on-board sensor is conducted with the signal of the EP pin output by PWM, and the signals interfere with each other. Therefore, with several SPST, when vc5=1 (i.e. when the expansion board is arduno), the connection between the PWMIO output signal and the expansion slot of the main control board is cut off.
In one embodiment, the sensor board 3 may be provided with various sensors, such as illumination, sound, flame, ultrasonic waves, etc., may be provided with various communication modules, such as infrared, bluetooth, etc., and may also be provided with SG90 steering engine via a steering engine bracket, where the steering engine control application includes: changing the direction (1-2 degrees of freedom) of the ultrasonic sensor, or grabbing (2-3 degrees of freedom) of the mechanical arm, and the like, and realizing various rich expansion functions.
The foregoing has outlined a detailed description of a modular programming education experimental cart provided by the present invention, wherein specific examples are provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, the above examples being provided solely to assist in the understanding of the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a modularization programming education experiment dolly which characterized in that: the three-layer PCB is provided with three layers of stacked PCB boards, and is electrically connected through inter-board interfaces in sequence, wherein each inter-board interface comprises a pin row female structure; the three-layer PCB sequentially comprises the following components from bottom to top: a motion drive plate, a control expansion plate, and a sensor plate; wherein,,
the motion driving plate includes: a multi-mode power supply module and a motor driving module; the bottom surface and the side edges of the motion driving plate are connected with sensor interfaces; the multi-mode power supply module is used for providing different input power supply voltages for the three-layer PCB, and the motor and the driving module are used for providing driving force for movement and steering for the experiment trolley; the motion driving board sends a power supply signal and a sensing signal to the control expansion board through an inter-board interface, and receives a control signal sent by the control expansion board;
the control expansion board includes: a main control board slot, a main control board identification circuit, a PWM signal expansion chip and a multi-path analog switch which are electrically connected with the main control board slot; the side edge of the control expansion board is connected with a sensor interface; the main control board slot is used for connecting different main control boards, the main control board identification circuit is used for identifying the type of the main control board and controlling the multi-mode power supply module to gate corresponding power supply voltage as a power supply signal according to the identified type; the PWM signal expansion chip is used for expanding an input signal interface; the multipath analog switch is used for expanding the output signal interface; the PWM signal expansion chip is electrically connected with the multipath analog switch and provides address bits for the multipath analog switch;
the sensor board includes: a communication module; sensor interfaces are arranged on the top surface and the side edges of the sensor board; the communication module is used for carrying out wireless/wired communication with the external equipment; the sensor board sends sensing signals and external communication instructions to the control expansion board, and receives power supply signals and control signals sent by the control expansion board.
2. The modular programming education experiment trolley according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the motion driving plate is provided with a row of bus bars connected with the control expansion plate, and the bottom surface of the control expansion plate is provided with row pins connected with the motion driving plate at the opposite positions; the upper surface of the control expansion board is provided with a row bus connected with the sensor board, and the relative position of the bottom surface of the sensor board is provided with a row needle connected with the control expansion board.
3. The modular programming education experiment trolley according to claim 2, wherein the top surface of the row bus is abutted to the bottom surface of the upper layer PCB after the row bus of the lower layer PCB is connected with the row pins of the adjacent upper layer PCB.
4. The modular programming educational experiment cart of claim 1, wherein the multi-mode power module comprises: the charging and discharging management circuit is electrically connected with the boosting module and the power expansion interface;
the charge and discharge management circuit is used for connecting a first power supply;
the boosting module is used for boosting the first power supply to obtain a second power supply;
the power expansion interface is used for expanding and connecting the wireless charging module.
5. The modular programming educational experiment trolley of claim 4, wherein the first power supply is 3.3V and the second power supply is 5V.
6. The modular programming educational experiment cart of claim 4, wherein the main control board identification circuit comprises:
the main control board slot is connected with 30pin and 38pin of the main control board identification circuit; the 30pin receives a level signal VT30 sent by the main control board, and the 38pin receives a level signal VT38 sent by the main control board;
VT30 gets level signal VT30R through an not gate, VT38 gets level signal VT38R through an not gate;
VT30 and VT38R are connected with the power supply switch of the first power supply through an AND gate, VT38 and VT30R are connected with the power supply switch of the second power supply through an AND gate;
and the master control board synchronously transmits VT30 and VT38 to 30pin and 38pin respectively, and different types of master control boards transmit VT30 and VT38 in different high and low level combination modes, so that the gating of the first power supply or the second power supply is realized.
7. The modular programming education experiment trolley according to claim 1, comprising N8-way analog switches, N > 1, for routing the output signals on the plurality of extension bits to N pins of the main control board via address bits of the PWM signal extension chip.
8. The modular programming educational experiment cart of claim 1, wherein the control expansion board further comprises a two-way SPST switch for processing conflicting signals; the two-way SPST switch VC5 is configured to receive the master control board type discriminating signal, and when setting the two-way SPST switch VC 5=1, to designate a conflicting master control board type, and cut off a connection path between the EP pin output signal of the PWM signal expansion chip and the master control board expansion slot.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310605447.0A CN116343557B (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Modular programming education experiment trolley |
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| CN202310605447.0A CN116343557B (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Modular programming education experiment trolley |
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| CN116343557A true CN116343557A (en) | 2023-06-27 |
| CN116343557B CN116343557B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| CN116343557B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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