CN116338931A - Unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectricity sighting device - Google Patents

Unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectricity sighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116338931A
CN116338931A CN202310618281.6A CN202310618281A CN116338931A CN 116338931 A CN116338931 A CN 116338931A CN 202310618281 A CN202310618281 A CN 202310618281A CN 116338931 A CN116338931 A CN 116338931A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lens
scanning mechanism
optical system
unmanned aerial
aerial vehicle
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Pending
Application number
CN202310618281.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李国庆
刘兵
刘家锟
陈文枫
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Chengdu Qinglong Aviation Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Qinglong Aviation Technology Co ltd
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Application filed by Chengdu Qinglong Aviation Technology Co ltd filed Critical Chengdu Qinglong Aviation Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202310618281.6A priority Critical patent/CN116338931A/en
Publication of CN116338931A publication Critical patent/CN116338931A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/02Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40Weight reduction

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device. The infrared detector comprises an infrared detector mounting seat and an optical system mounting seat, wherein an infrared detector is mounted on the infrared detector mounting seat, and an optical system is mounted on the optical system mounting seat; the scanning mechanism is arranged outside the scanning mechanism base, the inside of the scanning mechanism base is hollow, one end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the optical system, and the other end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the infrared detector. According to the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device, through the cooperation of the infrared detector mounting seat, the optical system mounting seat, the infrared detector, the optical system, the scanning mechanism base, the scanning mechanism and the like, part of light enters the infrared detector after passing through the scanning mechanism to realize infrared detection, and the other part of light passes through the optical system to display and image, so that the space is fully saved, the whole device is compact in arrangement and small in size on the premise of ensuring the aiming function, the weight is reduced, and the cruising performance, the flexibility and the like of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectricity sighting device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device.
Background
Unmanned aerial vehicle, also known as unmanned aircraft, has the english name UnmannedAerialVehicle (UAV). It is an aircraft that is able to complete a mission without personnel being carried. The unmanned aerial vehicle has a very wide application range, and comprises the fields of military, public safety, measurement drafting, agriculture, aerial photography, logistics express delivery and the like. The unmanned aerial vehicle has the advantages that the unmanned aerial vehicle can replace people to finish certain dangerous or high-difficulty tasks, can efficiently search and acquire information, has flexibility and replaceability, and is low in cost, purchasing and maintaining cost. With the continuous promotion and innovation of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the application scene of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology can be wider and wider.
The unmanned aerial vehicle generally needs to be provided with a photoelectric aiming device, and the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device is a high-performance photoelectric tracking system and is used for monitoring and tracking targets, and can be widely used in the fields of reconnaissance, monitoring, security, rescue, search and rescue and the like. The device adopts a high-speed digital image processing technology, can capture and track a moving target in real time, and accurately identify the type and the position of the target at the same time, so that the target is continuously in an accurate aiming range.
Because the gravitational force is eliminated, the photoelectric sighting device needs to be smaller and better, in the prior art, the photoelectric sighting device is larger, and the minimum volume of the photoelectric sighting device assembled on the aircraft can meet the current requirement is approximately 0.1m 3 . The unmanned aerial vehicle flies in the sky at a high speed of 6Ma, friction is generated between the unmanned aerial vehicle and air, the temperature becomes higher, the volume of the photoelectric sighting device is relatively smaller, the heat capacity of the inside is smaller, the temperature also correspondingly changes suddenly from 80 ℃ from the front cabin to the rear cabin at a temperature rise rate of about 15 ℃/min, and two problems are caused by the severe change of the temperature environment: thermal shock to the optical system and non-uniformity of the infrared detector.
In addition, because unmanned aerial vehicle's flight speed constantly improves, in order to keep up unmanned aerial vehicle's flight speed when scanning, also need high rotation, can't accomplish this point among the prior art, when unmanned aerial vehicle flies at a high speed, scan stability is not enough, causes the scanning inaccurate easily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device comprises an infrared detector mounting seat and an optical system mounting seat connected with the infrared detector mounting seat, wherein an infrared detector is mounted on the infrared detector mounting seat, and an optical system is mounted on the optical system mounting seat; the infrared detector also comprises a scanning mechanism base, wherein the scanning mechanism is arranged outside the scanning mechanism base, the inside of the scanning mechanism base is hollow, one end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the optical system, and the other end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the infrared detector.
In order to better realize the invention, the scanning mechanism comprises a flexible connecting cylinder arranged on a base of the scanning mechanism, a supporting ring is arranged on the outer side of the top of the flexible connecting cylinder, and a scanning lens for sealing the flexible connecting cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring; the scanning mechanism base is provided with a scanning angle adjusting device connected with the supporting ring.
In order to better realize the invention, the scanning angle adjusting device comprises a plurality of voice coil motors arranged on the base of the scanning mechanism, the rotating shafts of the voice coil motors are provided with threads, and the bottoms of the supporting rings are provided with thread barrels which are in threaded fit with the rotating shafts.
In order to better realize the invention, the voice coil motor is driven by piezoelectric ceramics.
In order to better realize the invention, the optical system comprises a reflecting component, a light condensing component, a reflection imaging component and an imaging lens which are sequentially arranged, wherein the reflecting component corresponds to the position of the scanning lens.
In order to better realize the invention, the reflecting component comprises a first reflecting mirror plate and a second reflecting mirror plate which are arranged in parallel in a staggered way, and the light rays emitted from the scanning mirror plate are incident on the first reflecting mirror plate, and the first reflecting mirror plate reflects the light rays to the second reflecting mirror plate.
In order to better realize the invention, the light condensing component comprises a first convex mirror, a first concave mirror and a second concave mirror which are sequentially arranged, and light rays emitted by the second reflecting mirror are converged through the first convex mirror and then shortened in focal length through the first concave mirror and the second concave mirror.
In order to better realize the invention, the inverted image imaging component comprises a first lens, a biconvex lens and a second lens, wherein light rays emitted by the second concave lens form an inverted image on the first lens, are subjected to further inverted condensation through the biconvex lens, then are subjected to further shortening of focal length through the second lens, and finally display a normal image on an imaging lens.
In order to better realize the invention, the optical system mounting seat is provided with a cover throwing mechanism for protecting the optical system.
In order to better realize the invention, a refrigerator is matched with the optical system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device, through the cooperation of the infrared detector mounting seat, the optical system mounting seat, the infrared detector, the optical system, the scanning mechanism base, the scanning mechanism and the like, part of light enters the infrared detector after passing through the scanning mechanism to realize infrared detection, and the other part of light passes through the optical system to display and image, so that the space is fully saved, the whole device is compact in arrangement and small in size on the premise of ensuring the aiming function, the weight is reduced, and the cruising performance, the flexibility and the like of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.
A flexible connecting cylinder is arranged on the base of the scanning mechanism, a supporting ring is arranged on the outer side of the top of the flexible connecting cylinder, and a scanning lens for sealing the flexible connecting cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring; the scanning mechanism base on be provided with the screw thread section of thick bamboo of being connected with the support ring, set up voice coil motor on the scanning mechanism base, this voice coil motor's pivot and screw thread section of thick bamboo cooperation control voice coil motor's rotation can let pivot and screw thread section of thick bamboo take place relative displacement to make the angle of support ring change, the angle of scanning lens changes promptly, a plurality of voice coil motors work according to control signal, can conveniently adjust scanning angle, improves scanning efficiency, thereby improves the sighting accuracy of whole device. It is worth noting that the voice coil motor has the characteristics of high efficiency, low distortion, high durability and precise control, and the voice coil motor is made of high-quality materials, and can be used stably for a long time through precise processing and testing. The voice coil motor has higher precision and definition, and simultaneously has smaller body type and saves space.
The reflection assembly comprises a first reflection lens and a second reflection lens which are arranged in parallel in a staggered mode, light rays emitted from the scanning lens are incident to the first reflection lens, and the first reflection lens reflects the light rays to the second reflection lens. The light condensing assembly comprises a first convex mirror, a first concave mirror and a second concave mirror which are sequentially arranged, light rays emitted by the second reflecting mirror are converged through the first convex mirror, and the focal length is shortened through the first concave mirror and the second concave mirror. The first convex lens is used for primarily converging light, the first concave lens is further converged to shorten the focal length, the second concave lens is further converged to shorten the focal length, the light path is greatly shortened, the arrangement space is saved, and the whole device is made smaller.
The inverted image imaging component comprises a first lens, a double-sided convex lens and a second lens, light rays emitted by the second concave lens form an inverted image on the first lens, the light rays are condensed in an inverted mode through the double-sided convex lens, then the focal length is further shortened through the second lens, and finally a normal image is displayed on an imaging lens, so that the light path is further shortened, the arrangement space is saved, and the size of the whole device is reduced.
The optical system is matched with the refrigerator, so that the temperature can be conveniently reduced, the normal operation of the infrared detector is ensured, and the precision of the optical system is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scanning mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an optical system of the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device according to the present invention;
in the drawing, a 1-infrared detector mounting seat, a 2-optical system mounting seat, a 3-polishing cover mechanism, a 4-infrared detector, a 5-scanning mechanism base, a 6-scanning mechanism, a 7-optical system, an 8-refrigerator, a 9-flexible connecting cylinder, a 10-supporting ring, a 11-scanning lens, a 12-voice coil motor, a 13-rotating shaft, a 14-threaded cylinder, a 15-first reflecting lens, a 16-second reflecting lens, a 17-first convex lens, a 18-first concave lens, a 19-second concave lens, a 20-first lens, a 21-double convex lens, a 22-second lens and a 23-imaging lens.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present disclosure, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "inner", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the disclosed product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this disclosure will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in the specific context.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device comprises an infrared detector mounting seat 1 and an optical system mounting seat 2 connected with the infrared detector mounting seat 1, wherein an infrared detector 4 is arranged on the infrared detector mounting seat 1, and an optical system 7 is arranged on the optical system mounting seat 2; the infrared detector also comprises a scanning mechanism base 5, wherein a scanning mechanism 6 is arranged outside the scanning mechanism base 5, the inside of the scanning mechanism base is hollow, one end of the scanning mechanism corresponds to the position of the optical system 7, and the other end of the scanning mechanism corresponds to the position of the infrared detector 4. According to the unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device, through the cooperation of the infrared detector mounting seat 1, the optical system mounting seat 2, the infrared detector 4, the optical system 7, the scanning mechanism base 5, the scanning mechanism 6 and the like, part of light enters the infrared detector 4 after passing through the scanning mechanism to realize infrared detection, and the other part of light passes through the optical system to display imaging, so that the space is fully saved, the whole device is compact in arrangement and small in size on the premise of ensuring the aiming function, the weight is reduced, and the cruising performance, the flexibility and the like of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.
Preferably, the scanning mechanism 6 comprises a flexible connecting cylinder 9 mounted on the scanning mechanism base 5, a supporting ring 10 is arranged on the outer side of the top of the flexible connecting cylinder 9, and a scanning lens 11 for sealing the flexible connecting cylinder 9 is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring 10; the scanning mechanism base 5 is provided with a scanning angle adjusting device connected with a supporting ring 10. The scanning angle adjusting device comprises a plurality of voice coil motors 12 arranged on a scanning mechanism base 5, a rotating shaft 13 of each voice coil motor 12 is provided with threads, and a thread cylinder 14 in threaded fit with the rotating shaft 13 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting ring 10. A flexible connecting cylinder 9 is arranged on the base of the scanning mechanism, a supporting ring 10 is arranged on the outer side of the top of the flexible connecting cylinder 9, and a scanning lens 11 for sealing the flexible connecting cylinder 9 is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring 10; the scanning mechanism base 5 on be provided with the screw thread section of thick bamboo 14 that is connected with support ring 10, set up voice coil motor 12 on scanning mechanism base 5, the pivot 13 and the screw thread section of thick bamboo 14 cooperation of this voice coil motor 12 control voice coil motor 12's rotation can let pivot 13 and screw thread section of thick bamboo 14 take place relative displacement to make the angle of support ring 10 change, the angle of scanning lens 11 changes promptly, a plurality of voice coil motors 12 work according to control signal, can conveniently adjust scanning angle, improves scanning efficiency, thereby improve the aiming accuracy of whole device. It should be noted that the voice coil motor 12 has the characteristics of high efficiency, low distortion, high durability and precise control, and the voice coil motor 12 is made of high quality materials, and can be ensured to be used stably for a long time through precise processing and testing. The voice coil motor 12 has higher accuracy and definition, and is smaller in size, saving space.
Further preferably, the voice coil motor 12 is driven by piezoelectric ceramics, so that the size is reduced and the space is saved.
Preferably, the optical system 7 includes a reflecting component, a condensing component, a reflection imaging component and an imaging lens 23, which are sequentially disposed, and the reflecting component corresponds to the position of the scanning lens 11. The reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting mirror plate 15 and a second reflecting mirror plate 16 which are arranged in parallel in a staggered manner, the light rays emitted from the scanning mirror plate 11 are incident on the first reflecting mirror plate 15, and the first reflecting mirror plate 15 reflects the light rays to the second reflecting mirror plate 16. The reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting mirror plate 15 and a second reflecting mirror plate 16 which are arranged in parallel in a staggered manner, the light rays emitted from the scanning mirror plate 11 are incident on the first reflecting mirror plate 15, and the first reflecting mirror plate 15 reflects the light rays to the second reflecting mirror plate 16. The light condensing component comprises a first convex mirror 17, a first concave mirror 18 and a second concave mirror 19 which are sequentially arranged, light rays emitted by the second reflecting mirror 16 are converged through the first convex mirror 17, and the focal length is shortened through the first concave mirror 18 and the second concave mirror 19. The first convex mirror 17 is used for primarily converging light rays, the first concave mirror 18 is used for further converging and shortening the focal length, the second concave mirror 19 is used for further converging and shortening the focal length, the light path is greatly shortened, the arrangement space is saved, and the whole device is made smaller.
Preferably, the back-image imaging assembly includes a first lens 20, a biconvex lens 21 and a second lens 22, wherein the light rays emitted from the second concave lens 19 form an inverted image on the first lens 20, are condensed by the biconvex lens 21 further reversely, and then are shortened by the second lens 22, and finally, a normal image is displayed on the imaging lens 23. The back image imaging component comprises a first lens 20, a double-sided convex lens 21 and a second lens 22, wherein light rays emitted by the second concave lens 19 form an inverted image on the first lens 20, are subjected to further inverted condensation through the double-sided convex lens 21, then are subjected to further shortening of focal length through the second lens 22, and finally display of normal images on an imaging lens 23, so that the light path is further shortened, the arrangement space is saved, and the size of the whole device is reduced.
Preferably, the optical system mount 2 is provided with a cover polishing mechanism 3 for protecting the optical system 7.
Preferably, the optical system 7 is fitted with a refrigerator 8. The optical system 7 is matched with the refrigerator 8, so that the temperature can be conveniently reduced, the normal operation of the infrared detector is ensured, and the precision of the optical system 7 is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.

Claims (10)

1. Unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectricity sighting device, its characterized in that: the infrared detector comprises an infrared detector mounting seat (1) and an optical system mounting seat (2) connected with the infrared detector mounting seat (1), wherein an infrared detector (4) is mounted on the infrared detector mounting seat (1), and an optical system (7) is mounted on the optical system mounting seat (2); the infrared detector also comprises a scanning mechanism base (5), wherein a scanning mechanism (6) is arranged outside the scanning mechanism base (5), the inside of the scanning mechanism base is hollow, one end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the optical system (7), and the other end of the scanning mechanism base corresponds to the position of the infrared detector (4).
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 1, wherein: the scanning mechanism (6) comprises a flexible connecting cylinder (9) arranged on a scanning mechanism base (5), a supporting ring (10) is arranged on the outer side of the top of the flexible connecting cylinder (9), and a scanning lens (11) for sealing the flexible connecting cylinder (9) is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring (10); the scanning mechanism base (5) is provided with a scanning angle adjusting device connected with the supporting ring (10).
3. The unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device according to claim 2, wherein: the scanning angle adjusting device comprises a plurality of voice coil motors (12) arranged on a scanning mechanism base (5), threads are arranged on rotating shafts (13) of the voice coil motors (12), and thread barrels (14) in threaded fit with the rotating shafts (13) are arranged at the bottoms of the supporting rings (10).
4. A drone photoelectric sighting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the voice coil motor (12) is driven by piezoelectric ceramics.
5. The unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric aiming device according to claim 4, wherein: the optical system (7) comprises a reflecting component, a light condensing component, a reflection imaging component and an imaging lens (23) which are sequentially arranged, and the reflecting component corresponds to the position of the scanning lens (11).
6. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 5, wherein: the reflection assembly comprises a first reflection lens (15) and a second reflection lens (16) which are arranged in parallel in a staggered mode, light rays emitted from the scanning lens (11) are incident to the first reflection lens (15), and the first reflection lens (15) reflects the light rays to the second reflection lens (16).
7. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 6, wherein: the light focusing assembly comprises a first convex mirror (17), a first concave mirror (18) and a second concave mirror (19) which are sequentially arranged, light rays emitted by the second reflecting mirror (16) are converged through the first convex mirror (17), and the focal length is shortened through the first concave mirror (18) and the second concave mirror (19).
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 7, wherein: the inverted image imaging assembly comprises a first lens (20), a double-sided convex lens (21) and a second lens (22), wherein light rays emitted by the second concave lens (19) form an inverted image on the first lens (20), are subjected to further inverted condensation through the double-sided convex lens (21), are subjected to further shortening of focal length through the second lens (22), and finally display a normal image on an imaging lens (23).
9. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 1, wherein: the optical system mounting seat (2) is provided with a cover throwing mechanism (3) for protecting the optical system (7).
10. The unmanned aerial vehicle optoelectronic sighting device of claim 1, wherein: the optical system (7) is matched with a refrigerator (8).
CN202310618281.6A 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 Unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectricity sighting device Pending CN116338931A (en)

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