CN116338659A - Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array - Google Patents

Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116338659A
CN116338659A CN202310128544.5A CN202310128544A CN116338659A CN 116338659 A CN116338659 A CN 116338659A CN 202310128544 A CN202310128544 A CN 202310128544A CN 116338659 A CN116338659 A CN 116338659A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
transducer array
receiving
transmitting
structural member
transducer
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Pending
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CN202310128544.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石花朵
李欣
马红月
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Beijing Supersonic Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Supersonic Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310128544.5A priority Critical patent/CN116338659A/en
Publication of CN116338659A publication Critical patent/CN116338659A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/523—Details of pulse systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/96—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for locating fish
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/521—Constructional features

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

An omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array relates to the technical field of acoustic sensors. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array comprises a transmitting transducer array, a receiving and transmitting combined transducer array, a structural member and an acoustic-transmitting sealing glue member; the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are both connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; the receiving transducer array is arranged above and/or below the transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member; the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array is connected to the bottom of the structural member; the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt middle-low frequency working frequencies; the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array adopts middle-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency; the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece is connected with the structural piece, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array are respectively positioned in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece. The invention provides an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array, which aims to solve the technical problem that the long-distance omnidirectional target detection and the high-precision imaging of a close target cannot be simultaneously considered in the prior art.

Description

Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic sensors, in particular to an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array.
Background
The underwater acoustic transducer can realize the mutual conversion of electric energy and acoustic energy and is a main component of sonar detection equipment. After a certain voltage is applied to the transducer, the transducer emits a detection sound wave into water, receives an echo reflected by a detection target, converts the echo into a weak echo electric signal, and obtains information such as the distance, the azimuth and the property of the target through signal processing. With the rapid development and utilization of marine fishery resources, high-performance underwater acoustic transducers play an increasingly important role in the aspects of convenience and pertinence of fish exploration.
The underwater acoustic transducer for fish detection generally adopts the working principle of radial mode, thickness mode or 33 mode. Limited by the thickness of the ceramic in the polarization direction, the operating frequencies of transducers in thickness mode and 33 mode are typically high, with short detection distances, and difficult to use for remote target detection. In order to obtain a lower operating frequency, a radial mode can be adopted, but the beam width is narrowed, and the detection range is limited; or a composite rod type or ceramic stacking mode is adopted, but the size and the weight of the composite rod type or ceramic stacking mode are large, the structure is complex, and the reliability is reduced.
In addition, the omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array special for fish detection is also rare. In recent years, patent publication nos. CN202332264U (named "an integrated underwater acoustic transducer array") and CN204360773U (named "a miniaturized combined underwater acoustic transducer array") disclose a combined underwater acoustic transducer array with a wide detection azimuth, but the structure still cannot realize omnidirectional detection, and the detection frequency is high, the detection distance is limited, and it is difficult to use for long-distance target detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array so as to solve the technical problem that long-distance omnidirectional target detection and short-distance target high-precision imaging cannot be simultaneously considered in the prior art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array comprises a transmitting transducer array, a receiving and transmitting combined transducer array, a structural member and an acoustic-transmitting sealing glue member;
the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are both connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; the receiving transducer array is arranged above and/or below the transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member;
the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array is connected to the bottom of the structural member;
the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt middle-low frequency working frequencies; the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array adopts middle-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency;
the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece is connected with the structural part, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece;
the acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, the number of the transmitting transducer arrays is a plurality; the plurality of transmitting transducer arrays are arranged on the circumferential direction of the structural member at intervals;
each of the transmitting transducer arrays comprises one or more transmitting transducers along the axial direction of the structural member, and the number of the transmitting transducers is determined by the working frequency and the orientation precision of the transmitting transducers.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, a plurality of the transmitting transducer arrays are circumferentially disposed on the structural member at equal intervals;
the transmitting transducer array is a linear array;
a plurality of transmitting transducers are aligned along the axial direction of the structural member;
the transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramic or crystal equal-voltage materials in a 31 working mode, or the transmitting transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramic or crystal equal-voltage materials in a 32 working mode.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, the number of the receiving transducer arrays is one or more; when the number of the receiving transducer arrays is multiple, the multiple receiving transducer arrays are arranged in the axial direction of the structural member;
each receiving transducer array comprises a plurality of receiving transducers along the circumference of the structural member, and the number of the receiving transducers is determined by the working frequency and the orientation precision of the receiving transducers.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, a plurality of the receiving transducers are uniformly spaced in a circumferential direction of the structural member;
the receiving transducer array is a circumferential array.
In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, receiving transducers of two adjacent receiving transducer arrays are staggered;
the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramic or crystal equal-voltage materials in a 31 working mode, or the receiving transducer adopts piezoelectric ceramic or crystal equal-voltage materials in a 32 working mode.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, the number of receiving transducers of a single receiving transducer array is determined by the operating frequency and the orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers, and is generally greater than the number of transmitting transducer arrays, along the circumferential direction of the structural member; the number of the receiving transducer arrays is generally smaller than the number of the transmitting transducers of the single transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member;
at least part of the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downwards.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, all the receiving transducers are arranged along a radial direction of the structural member;
alternatively, all of the receiving transducers are tilted downward at the same angle.
In any of the above solutions, optionally, the transceiver transducer array includes one or more transceiver transducers;
the working frequency of the transceiver transducer is one or a combination of a plurality of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency.
In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the structural member is made of a rigid material;
a sensor is arranged in the structural member; the sensors include, but are not limited to, one or more of a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, and a pressure sensor.
In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the acoustically transparent sealing glue member has good acoustically transparent performance, and wraps and seals the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array, and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array, so as to prevent water seepage.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly as follows:
according to the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array provided by the invention, the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array which are arranged on the circumference of the structural member adopt the middle-low frequency working frequency, so that the circumferential omnidirectional long-distance transmission and the circumferential long-distance echo signal reception can be realized, further, the long-distance omnidirectional target detection can be realized, for example, the fish shoal can be remotely positioned, and the target direction is designated for the fishing boat. The transceiver combined transducer array arranged at the bottom of the structural member adopts the working frequency of medium and high frequency or multiple frequencies, so that near-distance high-precision imaging can be realized, and the device can be used for high-precision imaging during near-distance fishing. In conclusion, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array can realize long-distance omnidirectional target detection and high-precision imaging of a close-range target through the combination of the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first internal structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second internal structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third internal structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth internal structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth internal structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a transmitting transducer array; 11-emitting a vertical beam angle and a scanning range; 2-a receiving transducer array; 21-receive vertical beam angle; 3-receiving and transmitting combined transducer array; 31-medium-high frequency beam angle; 32-intermediate frequency beam angle; 33-medium-low frequency beam angle; 4-structural members; 5-sound-transmitting sealant.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Examples
The present embodiment provides an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array. Referring to fig. 1 to 6, fig. 1 to 5 are schematic views of five internal structures of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array according to the present embodiment, and the sound-transmitting sealant is not shown in the drawings; wherein the omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array shown in figures 1, 3 and 5 has a receiving transducer array located above a transmitting transducer array; the omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array shown in fig. 2 and 4, with the receiving transducer array positioned below the transmitting transducer array; the receiving transducers shown in fig. 1 and 2 are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, the receiving transducers shown in fig. 3-5 are arranged obliquely downwards, and the structure of the transmitting and receiving combined transducer array is shown in fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array provided in this embodiment is used for fish detection and the like. The omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array comprises a transmitting transducer array 1, a receiving transducer array 2, a receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3, a structural member 4 and an acoustic-transmitting sealing glue member 5; the structural member 4 provides support for the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transceiver transducer array 3.
The sound-transmitting sealing glue piece 5 is connected with the structural piece 4, and the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece 5; for example, the acoustically transparent sealing compound 5 encapsulates the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2, and the co-located transducer array 3.
The acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece 5, so that the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 can work normally. That is, the sound-transmitting sealant 5 has good sound-transmitting performance, and can transmit acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the transmitting-receiving combined transducer array 3 respectively. By sealing the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece 5, water can be effectively prevented from penetrating into the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3, and normal transmission of acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 can be ensured.
The transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 are connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4; and the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above and/or below the transmitting transducer array 1 along the axial direction of the structural member 4; i.e. in the axial direction of the structural member 4, the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above or below the transmitting transducer array 1, or the receiving transducer array 2 is arranged above and below the transmitting transducer array 1. It is understood that when the number of the receiving transducer arrays 2 is plural, the plural receiving transducer arrays 2 are disposed above, in the middle of, or below the transmitting transducer array 1.
The transceiver transducer array 3 is connected to the bottom of the structural member 4; so that the transceiver transducer array 3 monitors the fish school at the bottom of the ship.
The transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 adopt middle-low frequency working frequencies; the circumferential all-directional long-distance transmission can be realized by adopting the working frequency of medium and low frequencies by the transmitting transducer array 1; by adopting the middle-low frequency working frequency of the receiving transducer array 2, the circumferential long-distance echo signal receiving can be realized.
The transceiver transducer array 3 adopts a medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency. By adopting the transmitting-receiving combined transducer array 3 with middle-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency, high-precision imaging at a short distance can be realized. Alternatively, multiple frequencies refer to two or three combinations of medium and high frequencies, medium and low frequencies.
When the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is arranged at the bottom of the fishing boat, the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 can be combined to remotely position the fish shoal, so that a target direction is designated for the fishing boat; by the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3, high-precision imaging during short-distance fishing can be realized.
According to the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array in the embodiment, through the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 which are arranged on the periphery of the structural member 4, and the working frequencies of medium and low frequencies are adopted by the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2, the circumferential omnidirectional long-distance transmission and the circumferential long-distance echo signal reception can be realized, further the long-distance omnidirectional target detection can be realized, for example, the fish shoal can be remotely positioned, and the target direction is designated for a fishing boat. The transceiver transducer array 3 arranged at the bottom of the structural member 4 can realize close-range high-precision imaging, for example, the transceiver transducer array 3 can be used for close-range fishing by adopting medium-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency. In conclusion, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array can realize long-distance omnidirectional target detection and high-precision imaging of a close-range target through the combination of the transmitting transducer array 1, the receiving transducer array 2 and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3.
In the prior art, the working frequency of the transducers in the thickness mode and the 33 mode is generally higher due to the thickness of the ceramic in the polarization direction, the detection distance is shorter, and the transducers are difficult to be used for detecting long-distance targets. The radial mode transducer has a narrow beam width and a limited detection range. Composite rod or ceramic stacked transducers have the disadvantages of complex structure, poor long-term usability, and the like. The underwater acoustic transducer matrixes disclosed by CN202332264U and CN204360773U can not realize omnibearing detection, and have higher detection frequency and limited detection distance. In the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array in the embodiment, the transmitting transducer array 1 and the receiving transducer array 2 adopt the working frequency of medium and low frequency, the transmitting and receiving combined transducer array 3 adopts the working frequency of medium and high frequency or multiple frequencies, so that the long-distance omnidirectional target detection can be realized, and the high-precision imaging of a close-range target can be realized.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an alternative of the present embodiment, the number of transmitting transducer arrays 1 is plural; a plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4.
Optionally, the plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 are circumferentially and equally arranged on the structural member 4; i.e. a plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 distributed circumferentially equally spaced.
In an alternative to this embodiment, each transmitting transducer array 1 comprises one or more transmitting transducers along the axial direction of the structural member 4. In this embodiment, the number of transmitting transducers is determined by factors such as the operating frequency and the orientation accuracy of the transmitting transducers.
Optionally, a plurality of transmitting transducers are aligned along the axial direction of the structural member 4; are aligned by a plurality of transmitting transducers to facilitate operation.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the transmitting transducer array 1 is a linear array, or other array type.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the transmitting transducer is made of a piezoelectric material such as a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal in 31 operating modes. 31, the direction of vibration of which is perpendicular to the electric field. The transmit vertical beam angle and scan range 11 are schematically shown in fig. 1-4.
Under the condition that the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic is limited, the piezoelectric ceramic in the 31 working mode can realize middle-low frequency emission, and simultaneously has larger beam width. The transmitting transducer array 1 can realize high-precision scanning through phased array adjustment. For example, when 2 sizes of 31mm are used L ×12.5mm W ×10mm T The PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic of (1) is arranged side by side as 1 transmitting transducer (the transmitting surface is 2×12.5mm W ×10mm T ) The operating frequency is approximately 50khz with a 3db beamwidth of 60 x 146. When the transmitting transducer array 1 of a line array type is constituted by 12 transmitting transducers, the beam width thereof is 60 ° ×12°. When 6-8 transmitting transducer arrays 1 are adopted to be distributed along the circumference at equal intervals, the plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 can realize omnidirectional scanning transmission with a vertical angle of 12 degrees.
In the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array in this embodiment, piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in a 32 working mode may be used instead of piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in a 31 working mode; i.e. the transmitting transducer uses piezoelectric ceramic or crystal piezoelectric material in 32 operation modes.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in an alternative to this embodiment, the number of receiving transducer arrays 2 is one or more; when the number of the receiving transducer arrays 2 is plural, the plural receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged in the axial direction of the structural member 4; the plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 may be disposed at one or more locations in the axial direction of the structural member 4; when the plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are arranged at one place, the plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are positioned above or below the transmitting transducer array 1; when the plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are disposed at a plurality of places, the plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 are located at any of a plurality of places above, in the middle of, and below the transmitting transducer array 1.
Alternatively, a plurality of receiving transducers are arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction of the structural member 4; i.e. a plurality of receiving transducer arrays 2 distributed circumferentially equally spaced.
In an alternative to this embodiment, each receiving transducer array 2 comprises a plurality of receiving transducers along the circumference of the structural member 4. In this embodiment, the number of receiving transducers is determined by factors such as the operating frequency and the orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the receiving transducer array 2 is a circular array.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an alternative of the present embodiment, the receiving transducers of two adjacent receiving transducer arrays 2 are staggered; the receiving transducers are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the distance between the receiving transducers is reduced, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the receiving transducer uses a piezoelectric material such as a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal in 31 operating modes. The receive vertical beam angle 21 is schematically shown in fig. 1-4.
Under the condition that the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic is limited, the piezoelectric ceramic in the 31 working mode can realize medium-low frequency reception, and has larger beam width. The receiving transducer array 2 can realize large-range and high-precision signal receiving through signal processing. For example, when 1 size of 31mm is used L ×12.5mm W ×10mm T Is 1 receiving transducer (receiving face is 12.5 mm) W ×10mm T ) The operating frequency is about 50khz and the 3db beamwidth is about 120 ° x 146 °. When the 32 receiving transducers are divided into 2 rows to form a circumferential array (namely, a single receiving transducer array 2 comprises 16 receiving transducers, and the 16 receiving transducers are distributed along the circumference at equal intervals), the circumferential positioning precision can reach 11 degrees, the vertical detection range can reach 73-90 degrees (the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is arranged at the bottom of a fishing boat and is very close to the water surface, when the receiving transducers are arranged perpendicular to the circumferential surface, the vertical detection range is half of the vertical beam width, and when the receiving transducers are arranged at a certain angle with the circumferential surface, the vertical detection range is half of the vertical beam widthThe circumference can reach 90 degrees). Therefore, the transmitting transducer array 1 can realize omnidirectional scanning transmission with the vertical precision of 12 degrees, the receiving transducer array 2 can realize wide-range receiving with the circumferential positioning precision of 11 degrees and the vertical detection range of 73-90 degrees, and the combination of the two can realize wide-range or even omnidirectional target detection with the circumferential X vertical precision of 11-12 degrees and the circumferential X vertical range of 360-degrees (73-90 degrees). The working frequency of the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is medium-low frequency, and long-distance target detection can be realized. In addition, the omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array design has the further advantage that omni-directional long-distance high-precision detection can be realized by using fewer array elements (transmitting transducers and receiving transducers).
In the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array in this embodiment, piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in a 32 working mode may be used instead of piezoelectric ceramics or crystals in a 31 working mode; i.e. piezoelectric ceramic or crystal piezoelectric material with a 32 mode of operation for the receiving transducer.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in the alternative of this embodiment, the number of receiving transducers of the single receiving transducer array 2 along the circumferential direction of the structural member 4 may be determined by factors such as the operating frequency and orientation accuracy of the receiving transducers, and is generally greater than the number of transmitting transducer arrays 1. Optionally, the number of receiving transducers of the single receiving transducer array 2 is greater than the number of transmitting transducer arrays 1 along the circumference of the structural member 4.
Optionally, the number of receiving transducer arrays 2 is smaller than the number of transmitting transducers of a single transmitting transducer array 1 in the axial direction of the structure 4.
In an alternative to this embodiment, at least part of the receiving transducers are arranged in the radial direction of the structural member 4 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2), or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downwards (as shown in fig. 3-5).
Alternatively, all receiving transducers are arranged in the radial direction of the structural member 4, as shown in fig. 1 and 2;
alternatively, all receiving transducers are tilted down at the same angle, as shown in fig. 3-5. Alternatively, all receiving transducers are tilted downward by an angle of 20 ° -70 °, such as 30 °, 38 °, 45 °, 56 °, 60 °, or the like.
Referring to fig. 5, in an alternative to this embodiment, the transmit-receive transducer array 3 includes one or more transmit-receive transducers.
The working frequency of the transceiver transducer is one or a combination of a plurality of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency. The middle-high frequency beam angle 31, the middle-frequency beam angle 32, and the middle-low frequency beam angle 33 are schematically shown in fig. 5.
The working frequency of the receiving and transmitting combined transducer adopts middle and low frequencies, so that the target detection at a longer distance can be realized, the working frequency of the receiving and transmitting combined transducer adopts middle and high frequencies, the high-precision imaging of the close-range fish shoals or the seabed at the bottom of the ship can be realized, and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array 3 can realize the detection of multiple beams, so that the detection range is wider. For example, when a transceiver transducer is formed by using 1 ceramic block with the size of phi 30mm x 10mm and a proper matching layer, the working frequency is multiple frequencies: 63kHz, 120kHz, 160kHz-280kHz, and the 3dB beam widths are 40 DEG@63 kHz, 21 DEG@120 kHz and 13 DEG@200 kHz respectively. Wherein 40 DEG@63 kHz means that the 3dB beam width at 63kHz is 40 DEG, 21 DEG@120 kHz means that the 3dB beam width at 120kHz is 21 DEG, and 13 DEG@200 kHz means that the 3dB beam width at 200kHz is 13 deg. When the transmitting-receiving combined transducer array 3 with the convex array is formed by adopting 7 transmitting-receiving combined transducers, the detection of 7 wave beams can be realized, and the detection range is wider. The medium-low frequency 63kHz can realize long-distance detection, the medium-high frequency 160kHz-280kHz can realize imaging of a close-range target, and richer details can be displayed.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the structural member 4 is made of a rigid material; in this embodiment, the structural member 4 may be a housing of an omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the structural member 4 is internally provided with a sensor. The sensor may be located at any suitable location within the structure 4.
Optionally, the sensors include, but are not limited to, temperature sensors, salinity sensors, and pressure sensors; optionally, the sensor comprises one or more of a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, and a pressure sensor; or the sensor may also include other types of sensors.
According to the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array in the embodiment, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are made of piezoelectric ceramic or crystal equal-voltage materials in a 31 working mode, so that medium-low frequency transmission and receiving can be realized, meanwhile, the omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is simple in structure, the processing requirements on ceramic and the manufacturing requirements on the transducers are reduced, the limitation of limited thickness of the ceramic in the polarization direction is avoided, and long-distance detection can be realized. By adopting the combination of a plurality of transmitting transducer arrays 1 and receiving transducer arrays 2, high-precision omnibearing remote detection can be realized by using fewer transducers, and the direction of advancing of the fishing boat is guided. Through the transceiver integrated transducer array 3 arranged at the bottom of the structural member 4, the multi-frequency broadband detection can be performed by a simple structure, the long-distance target detection and the imaging of the short-distance target can be realized, and richer details can be displayed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array is characterized by comprising a transmitting transducer array, a receiving and transmitting combined transducer array, a structural member and an acoustic-transmitting sealing glue member;
the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array are both connected in the circumferential direction of the structural member; the receiving transducer array is arranged above and/or below the transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member;
the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array is connected to the bottom of the structural member;
the transmitting transducer array and the receiving transducer array adopt middle-low frequency working frequencies; the receiving-transmitting combined transducer array adopts middle-high frequency or multi-frequency working frequency;
the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece is connected with the structural part, and the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array are respectively sealed in the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece;
the acoustic signals of the transmitting transducer array, the receiving transducer array and the receiving and transmitting combined transducer array can be respectively transmitted to the outside of the sound-transmitting sealing glue piece.
2. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 1 wherein the number of transmitting transducer arrays is a plurality; the plurality of transmitting transducer arrays are arranged on the circumferential direction of the structural member at intervals;
each of the transmit transducer arrays includes one or more transmit transducers along an axial direction of the structure.
3. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 2 wherein a plurality of said transmitting transducer arrays are circumferentially equally spaced on said structural member;
the transmitting transducer array is a linear array;
a plurality of transmitting transducers are aligned along the axial direction of the structural member;
the transmitting transducer adopts a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal with 31 working modes, or the transmitting transducer adopts a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal with 32 working modes.
4. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 2 wherein the number of receiving transducer arrays is one or more; when the number of the receiving transducer arrays is multiple, the multiple receiving transducer arrays are arranged in the axial direction of the structural member;
each of the receiving transducer arrays includes a plurality of receiving transducers along a circumference of the structural member.
5. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 4 wherein a plurality of said receiving transducers are uniformly spaced circumferentially about said structural member;
the receiving transducer array is a circumferential array.
6. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 4 wherein the receiving transducers of adjacent two of said receiving transducer arrays are staggered;
the receiving transducer adopts a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal with 31 working modes, or the receiving transducer adopts a piezoelectric ceramic or crystal with 32 working modes.
7. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 4 wherein the number of said receiving transducers of a single said receiving transducer array is greater than the number of said transmitting transducer array along the circumference of said structural member; the number of the receiving transducer arrays is smaller than the number of the transmitting transducers of the single transmitting transducer array along the axial direction of the structural member;
at least part of the receiving transducers are arranged along the radial direction of the structural member, or at least part of the receiving transducers are inclined downwards.
8. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 7 wherein all of the receiving transducers are disposed radially of the structure;
alternatively, all of the receiving transducers are tilted downward at the same angle.
9. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 1 wherein the co-located transducer array comprises one or more co-located transducers;
the working frequency of the transceiver transducer is one or a combination of a plurality of medium-high frequency, medium-frequency and medium-low frequency.
10. The omni-directional underwater acoustic transducer array of claim 1 wherein said structural member is of rigid material;
a sensor is arranged in the structural member; the sensor includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, and a pressure sensor.
CN202310128544.5A 2023-02-02 2023-02-02 Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array Pending CN116338659A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310128544.5A CN116338659A (en) 2023-02-02 2023-02-02 Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310128544.5A CN116338659A (en) 2023-02-02 2023-02-02 Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116338659A true CN116338659A (en) 2023-06-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310128544.5A Pending CN116338659A (en) 2023-02-02 2023-02-02 Omnidirectional underwater acoustic transducer array

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116338659A (en)

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