JP3170348B2 - Ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- JP3170348B2 JP3170348B2 JP12796192A JP12796192A JP3170348B2 JP 3170348 B2 JP3170348 B2 JP 3170348B2 JP 12796192 A JP12796192 A JP 12796192A JP 12796192 A JP12796192 A JP 12796192A JP 3170348 B2 JP3170348 B2 JP 3170348B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- vibrator
- ultrasonic
- transducer
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は超音波送受波器、さらに
詳しくは円筒形状に配置構成された多数個の振動子素子
により超音波を全方位に発射し、その反射波からの受信
信号を位相合成により特定方向に指向性を形成し、魚群
等を探知するいわゆるスキャニングソナー等の超音波送
受波器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer, and more particularly, to an ultrasonic transducer which emits ultrasonic waves in all directions by a plurality of transducer elements arranged in a cylindrical shape, and receives a received signal from a reflected wave. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer such as a so-called scanning sonar for forming a directivity in a specific direction by phase synthesis and detecting a school of fish or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のこの種の超音波送受波器は、多数
個の圧電セラミック振動子素子（例えばＰＺＴ：ジルコ
ン酸チタン酸鉛）を円筒形状に配列し、振動子素子の各
々の送受信信号を位相合成して、送波は水平方向に無指
向性で垂直方向に狭い指向性、受波は水平・垂直方向共
に狭い指向性を形成し、広範囲な方向の水中探知を行え
る構成になっている。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional ultrasonic transducer of this type, a large number of piezoelectric ceramic vibrating elements (for example, PZT: lead zirconate titanate) are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and transmission / reception signals of each of the vibrating elements are transmitted. Phase is synthesized, the transmitting wave is non-directional in the horizontal direction and the directivity is narrow in the vertical direction, and the receiving wave forms a narrow directivity in both the horizontal and vertical directions, so that underwater detection in a wide range of directions can be done. I have.
【０００３】図２（ａ）は従来の超音波送受波器の一例
の構造を示し、図２（ｂ）は図２（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面
における断面構造を示す。多数個の振動子素子１を円筒
形状に配列し、超音波輻射面以外の面は不要方向からの
送受波を避けるため遮音材２で覆い、振動子素子１の両
面に設けられている電極３より送受信信号の授受を行う
信号線４が円筒内側へ引き回されている。そして、振動
子素子１間隔は、位相合成により指向性を形成する際に
不要方向に感度をもついわゆるサイドローブを抑制する
ため、通常λ／２としている。FIG. 2A shows a structure of an example of a conventional ultrasonic transducer, and FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional structure taken along the line AA 'of FIG. 2A. A large number of transducer elements 1 are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and surfaces other than the ultrasonic radiation surface are covered with a sound insulating material 2 to avoid transmission and reception of waves from unnecessary directions, and electrodes 3 provided on both surfaces of the transducer element 1 are provided. A signal line 4 for transmitting and receiving a transmission / reception signal is routed inside the cylinder. The interval between the transducer elements 1 is usually set to λ / 2 in order to suppress a so-called side lobe having sensitivity in an unnecessary direction when forming directivity by phase synthesis.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】振動子の送波あるいは
受波エネルギーは、振動子輻射面積が大きければ、それ
だけ大きな量のエネルギーの授受ができ、特にスキャニ
ングソナー等では、その輻射面積が探知距離性能に大き
く影響する。ところが、振動子素子間に設ける遮音材の
寸法は遮音性能と隣接する振動子素子電極間耐電圧を満
足しなければならないため、従来の装置では、あまり小
さくすることができないことから、振動子輻射面積を大
きくとれず、特に使用周波数が高くなるほど、探知距離
性能が低下するという問題点があった。The transmitted or received energy of the vibrator can be transmitted and received with a greater amount of energy if the radiating area of the vibrator is large. Significantly affects performance. However, the dimensions of the sound insulating material provided between the transducer elements must satisfy the sound insulation performance and the withstand voltage between the adjacent transducer element electrodes. There is a problem in that the detection area performance decreases as the area cannot be increased, and particularly as the operating frequency increases.
【０００５】本発明はかかる問題点を解決するためにな
されたものであり、遮音性能及び振動子素子電極間耐電
圧の低下を招くことなく、振動子輻射面積を広くできる
構造の超音波送受波器を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an ultrasonic wave transmitting / receiving structure having a structure in which a transducer radiating area can be increased without lowering sound insulation performance and withstand voltage between transducer element electrodes. The purpose is to provide a vessel.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係わる超音波受
波器は、径方向に振動する円弧状圧電セラミック振動子
を多数個配列して構成したドーナツ形状の振動子または
リング形の圧電セラミック振動子を遮音材を介して積層
し円筒形状に配置することにより広い超音波輻射面積を
有する送波用振動子を構成し、上記円筒形状の送波用振
動子の輻射面前面に受信の位相合成により指向性を形成
する際のサイドローブを抑制するために上下左右にλ／
２の配置間隔を保つ電極密度の高いパターンを形成する
音響透過性のよいフィルム状の圧電性材料を円筒の法線
方向に対しλ／４の間隔を保って２層に配置することに
より広い超音波受波面積を有する受波用振動子を構成し
たものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An ultrasonic wave receiver according to the present invention comprises a donut-shaped vibrator or a ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic having a large number of radially vibrating arc-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrators arranged. A transmitting oscillator having a wide ultrasonic radiation area is formed by laminating the transducers via a sound insulating material and arranging them in a cylindrical shape, and a receiving phase is provided on a front surface of a radiation surface of the cylindrical transmitting oscillator. In order to suppress side lobes when forming directivity by combining, λ /
2. A film-like piezoelectric material having good sound permeability and forming a pattern with a high electrode density maintaining the arrangement interval of 2 is arranged in two layers at an interval of λ / 4 with respect to the normal direction of the cylinder, thereby achieving a wide super-size. This is a wave receiving transducer having a sound wave receiving area.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明の超音波送受波器においては、送波振動
子を、円弧状圧電セラミック振動子を多数個配列して構
成したドーナツ形状の振動子またはリング形の圧電セラ
ミック振動子を積層し円筒形状に配置することにより構
成するため、従来円筒方向に対して存在していた遮音材
部分を減らし、超音波輻射面積を広くすることができ
る。他方、受波振動子においては、隣接するアレイ電極
間の耐電圧はほとんど無視できるため、広い受波面積を
得ることができる。また、遮音材を用いた場合と等価な
指向性を得ることができる。In the ultrasonic transducer according to the present invention, the wave transmitting transducer is formed by laminating a donut-shaped vibrator or a ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrator constituted by arranging a large number of arc-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrators. Since it is configured by arranging in a cylindrical shape, it is possible to reduce the portion of the sound insulating material that has conventionally existed in the cylindrical direction, and to increase the ultrasonic radiation area. On the other hand, in the wave receiving transducer, a withstand voltage between adjacent array electrodes can be almost ignored, so that a wide wave receiving area can be obtained. In addition, directivity equivalent to the case where a sound insulating material is used can be obtained.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。 図１（ａ）は本発明の一実施例の構造を示し、図
１（ｂ）は図１（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ’断面における断面構造
を示す。リング形の圧電セラミック振動子５を遮音材２
を介して積層し円筒形状に配置して送波用振動子を構成
し、この円筒形状の送波用振動子の輻射面前面に水平・
垂直方向に位相合成によって指向性を形成する際にサイ
ドローブを抑制するため上下左右方向にλ／２の配置間
隔を保つ電極密度の高いパターンを形成する音響透過性
のよいフィルム状の圧電性材料６，７を音波透過材８で
モールドして２層に配置して受波用振動子を構成したも
のである。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A shows a structure of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional structure taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 1A. The ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 5 is connected to the sound insulating material 2
Are laminated and arranged in a cylindrical shape to form a wave transmitting oscillator, and a horizontal / horizontal wave is arranged in front of the radiation surface of the cylindrical wave transmitting oscillator.
A film-like piezoelectric material with good sound permeability that forms a pattern with a high electrode density that keeps the arrangement interval of λ / 2 in the vertical and horizontal directions to suppress side lobes when forming directivity by phase synthesis in the vertical direction 6 and 7 are molded with a sound wave transmitting material 8 and arranged in two layers to form a wave receiving vibrator.
【０００９】圧電性材料６及び７は音響的には透明であ
るから、送波出力には無影響である。送波用リング形振
動子５は通常大きな超音波出力が要求されるので、注入
電力性能のよいＰＺＴ（ジルコン酸チタン酸鉛）やＢａ
ＴｉＯ3 （チタン酸バリウム）等セラミック振動子が用
いられるが、受波に関しては音響−電気変換性能の良い
材料であればよいため、受波面積を広く得ることのでき
る圧電性フィルム６及び７が有効である。圧電性フィル
ムの材料としては、圧電ゴムやＰＶＤＦ（ポリフッ化ビ
リデン）等が考えられる。また、超音波輻射面上に配置
する受波用振動子の圧電性フィルム６及び７の保持は、
ネオプレンゴムやウレタンゴム等の音波透過材８で構成
されている。Since the piezoelectric materials 6 and 7 are acoustically transparent, they do not affect the transmission power. Since the transmitting ring-shaped transducer 5 usually requires a large ultrasonic output, PZT (lead zirconate titanate) or Ba having good injection power performance is used.
A ceramic vibrator such as TiO 3 (barium titanate) is used. However, as for the wave reception, any material having good acoustic-electric conversion performance may be used, and therefore, the piezoelectric films 6 and 7 capable of obtaining a wide wave reception area are used. It is valid. As a material of the piezoelectric film, piezoelectric rubber, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), or the like can be considered. The holding of the piezoelectric films 6 and 7 of the wave-receiving vibrator arranged on the ultrasonic wave radiating surface is as follows.
It is made of a sound transmitting material 8 such as neoprene rubber or urethane rubber.
【００１０】受波用圧電性フィルムを仮に単層とした場
合、その１電極（１素子）は、円筒の外側に対しても内
側に対しても感度を有し、内側にある送波用振動子から
の反射波の影響を受け好ましくない。そこでλ／４間隔
の２層構造とし、互いの位相をπ／４ずらして加算する
ことにより円筒内側の感度を抑制するいわゆるエンドフ
ァイアアレイ構成とした。このようにすると、図３に示
す２素子構成のエンドファイアアレイの指向特性が得ら
れ、図４に示すような従来の超音波送受波器に使用され
ている圧電振動子１の１個の指向特性と比較して同等の
性能を得ることができる。If the piezoelectric film for wave reception is a single layer, one electrode (one element) has sensitivity to both the outside and the inside of the cylinder, and the transmission vibration inside the cylinder. It is not preferable because it is affected by reflected waves from the child. Therefore, a so-called endfire array configuration is adopted in which a two-layer structure with an interval of λ / 4 is used, and the sensitivity inside the cylinder is suppressed by adding the phases while shifting them by π / 4. In this manner, the directivity characteristics of the two-element endfire array shown in FIG. 3 are obtained, and one directivity of the piezoelectric vibrator 1 used in the conventional ultrasonic transducer shown in FIG. Equivalent performance can be obtained as compared with the characteristics.
【００１１】なお、上記実施例には、送波用振動子をリ
ング形圧電セラミック振動子５を用いて構成した例を示
したが、これのみに限定されるものではなく、分割され
た多数個の圧電セラミック振動子を用いてドーナツ形状
の振動子を構成し、これを積層する構成としても、同じ
効果が得られることは言うまでもない。In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the transmitting oscillator is constituted by using the ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic oscillator 5. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is needless to say that the same effect can be obtained by forming a donut-shaped vibrator using the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator described above and laminating them.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、遮
音性能および振動子素子電極間耐電圧を低下させること
なく、送波輻射面積および受波面積を広く構成できる利
点がある。また、受波用振動子の形成に印刷等の技術が
利用できるため、サイドローブ抑制のための電極パター
ン配置を高精度にできるという利点がある。As described above, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that the transmission radiation area and the reception area can be widened without lowering the sound insulation performance and the withstand voltage between the transducer element electrodes. In addition, since techniques such as printing can be used to form the wave receiving vibrator, there is an advantage that the electrode pattern arrangement for suppressing side lobes can be performed with high precision.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の構造を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来のこの種の超音波送受波器の一例の構造を
示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of an example of this type of conventional ultrasonic transducer.
【図３】本発明の超音波送受波器の受波振動子の２素子
構成のエンドファイアアレイの指向特性を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the directivity characteristics of a two-element endfire array of a receiving transducer of the ultrasonic transducer according to the present invention.
【図４】従来の超音波送受波器に使用されている圧電振
動子の１個の指向特性を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing one directional characteristic of a piezoelectric vibrator used in a conventional ultrasonic transducer.
１ 圧電セラミック振動子素子 ２ 遮音材 ３ 電極 ４ 信号線 ５ リング形の圧電セラミック振動子 ６ フィルム状の圧電性材料 ７ フィルム状の圧電性材料 ８ 音波透過材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator element 2 Sound insulation material 3 Electrode 4 Signal line 5 Ring type piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 6 Film-like piezoelectric material 7 Film-like piezoelectric material 8 Sound wave transmission material
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−70159（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−42464（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H04R 1/44 330 H04R 17/00 330 H04R 17/00 332 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-70159 (JP, A) JP-A-59-42464 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H04R 1/44 330 H04R 17/00 330 H04R 17/00 332
Claims (2)
振動子を多数個配列して構成したドーナツ形状の振動子
またはリング形の圧電セラミック振動子を遮音材を介し
て積層し円筒形状に配置することにより広い超音波輻射
面積を有する送波用振動子を構成し、 上記円筒形状の送波用振動子の輻射面前面に受信の位相
合成により指向性を形成するために、電極密度の高いパ
ターンを形成する音響透過性のよいフィルム状の圧電性
材料を２層に配置することにより広い超音波受波面積を
有する受波用振動子を構成したことを特徴とする超音波
送受波器。1. A donut-shaped vibrator or a ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrator formed by arranging a large number of arc-shaped piezoelectric ceramic vibrators vibrating in a radial direction are laminated via a sound insulating material and arranged in a cylindrical shape. By forming a transmitting oscillator having a wide ultrasonic radiation area by forming a pattern having a high electrode density, in order to form directivity by combining reception phases in front of the radiation surface of the cylindrical transmitting oscillator, An ultrasonic wave transmitter / receiver characterized in that a film-like piezoelectric material having good sound transmission property is formed in two layers to form a wave receiving transducer having a wide ultrasonic wave receiving area.
配置する２層の圧電性材料の円筒の法線方向の間隔をλ
／４とすることにより、受波に対して円筒内側方向の感
度を抑制することを特徴とする請求項第１項記載の超音
波送受波器。2. An interval in a normal direction of a cylinder of two layers of piezoelectric material disposed in front of a radiation surface of a cylindrical transmitting oscillator is defined as λ.
2. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the sensitivity is set to / 4 so as to suppress the sensitivity of the wave reception to the inside of the cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12796192A JP3170348B2 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12796192A JP3170348B2 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05300584A JPH05300584A (en) | 1993-11-12 |
| JP3170348B2 true JP3170348B2 (en) | 2001-05-28 |
Family
ID=14972952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12796192A Expired - Fee Related JP3170348B2 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3170348B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5321292B2 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2013-10-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | Acoustic transducer |
| FR3015785B1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-12-25 | Thales Sa | COMPACT OMNIDIRECTIONAL ANTENNA FOR SONAR TEMP |
-
1992
- 1992-04-22 JP JP12796192A patent/JP3170348B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05300584A (en) | 1993-11-12 |
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