CN116337540A - Multi-parameter layered sampling water sample collector and sampling method - Google Patents
Multi-parameter layered sampling water sample collector and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-parameter layered water sample collector and a sampling method, wherein the water sample collector comprises a bracket and water sampling tanks, wherein a plurality of water sampling tanks are fixed on the periphery side of the bracket, and each water sampling tank is provided with an end cover opening and closing mechanism which is controlled independently; the top end of the bracket is provided with a draw hook and a pull rope connected with the draw hook, and the pull rope is provided with an indicating mechanism for indicating the sampling completion state; the bottom end of the support is also provided with a deep water propeller; the water sample collector is characterized in that a main control box is arranged inside the upper end of the support, a controller and a plurality of functional pieces are arranged in the main control box, and the functional pieces are used for detecting water quality and reflecting the state of the water sample collector. The invention can realize water sample collection with the depth of 200 meters, can complete continuous water quality parameter collection by one-time collection and realize collection of water samples with multiple layers of depths, and has high collection efficiency and high collection accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water sample collection, in particular to a multi-parameter layered water sample collector. The invention also relates to a sampling method of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector.
Background
Comprehensive cognition of water quality of lakes, reservoirs and rivers is a primary task for water environment treatment. Firstly, the phenomenon of quaternary water layering exists in the lake and reservoir water body, and layered sampling is carried out on the lake and reservoir water body, so that the method is a necessary premise for comprehensively knowing the lake and reservoir water quality. And secondly, limited by natural factors of lakes and reservoirs, different layering conditions have obvious differences, and basic water quality characteristics of the water body, such as temperature, conductivity, flow rate and the like at different depths, need to be synchronously mastered while layering water body acquisition. The water sample collection of different depth levels and the water quality parameter acquisition of the site parameters at the same position are realized, so that the water layering condition can be recognized, and the sampling strategy can be guided through the layering condition.
At present, the layered sampling of water bodies with higher depths, such as rivers, reservoirs, lakes and the like, and the monitoring of indexes, such as water temperature, conductivity and the like are the requirements of water body environment investigation and scientific research, but no equipment is provided for sampling the current water flow speed by the same position while collecting the water sample process with the current layer depth. In addition, the traditional river and lake water sample collector can only collect one point position at a time, when water samples with different depths are required to be collected, the collection needs to be repeated for many times, and the collection efficiency is low; the traditional water sample collector is not suitable for deep water sampling, the sampling rope presents a certain inclination in the water body under the influence of the water flow, and the depth of the water body is judged to have a large error by the length of the rope mark, so that the sampling result has a large error; in addition, the depth cannot be accurately judged on the shore, so that a sampler is difficult to grasp the state of the water sampler, the sampling completion time cannot be accurately determined, and the time waste is caused by excessively lowering the collector.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-parameter layered water sampling device so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the multi-parameter layered water sample collector comprises a bracket and water collecting tanks, wherein a plurality of water collecting tanks are fixed on the periphery of the bracket, each water collecting tank is provided with an end cover opening and closing mechanism which is independently controlled, and the end cover opening and closing mechanism seals the water collecting tank after the water collecting tank collects water samples; the top end of the bracket is provided with a draw hook and a pull rope connected with the draw hook, and the pull rope is provided with an indicating mechanism for indicating the sampling completion state; the bottom end of the support is also provided with a deep water propeller; the inside master control box that is equipped with in support upper end, be equipped with controller and a plurality of functional piece in the master control box, the functional piece is connected with the controller electricity to be used for detecting quality of water and/or reflecting the state of water sample collector.
Further, the multi-parameter layered water sample collector comprises two end covers arranged at two ends of the water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is fixedly connected with the support through supports arranged at two ends of the outer side of the water collecting tank, one end of the end cover is hinged with the support through a hinge, the other end of the end cover is movably connected with the first electromagnet, the first electromagnet is fixed on the support and is electrically connected with the controller, and the sealing directions of the two end covers are also connected with elastic ropes penetrating through the water collecting tank.
Further, the above-mentioned multi-parameter layering water sampling collector, indicating mechanism includes floater, second electro-magnet, iron sheet, the second electro-magnet is fixed on the support, is located between two first electro-magnets, the second electro-magnet is connected with the controller is automatically controlled, iron sheet and second electro-magnet swing joint, the floater is established on the stay cord through the lantern ring cover on the floater, and through with connect steel wire and iron sheet fixed connection on the lantern ring.
Further, the multi-parameter layered water sample collector comprises a depth sensor, a thermocouple and an acceleration sensor, wherein the depth sensor and the acceleration sensor are respectively used for detecting the underwater depth and the acceleration of the water sample collector, and the thermocouple is used for detecting the water temperature.
Further, the water sample collector is adopted in the multi-parameter layering, sealed lid is equipped with to main control box body below, sealed lid includes sealed lid, lower sealed lid, sealed main control box bottom opening of upper sealed lid, lower sealed lid, and its centre all is equipped with the intermediate hole that supplies depth sensor, thermocouple to stretch out, upper seal covers and still is equipped with a plurality of cable and draws forth the hole, upper seal covers and still is equipped with the sealing washer groove that is located the intermediate hole and the cable draws forth the hole outside, be equipped with the sealing washer in the sealing washer groove. The cable of the cable leading-out hole is correspondingly connected with each functional piece, the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, the deep water propeller and the like.
Furthermore, the multi-parameter layered water sample collector is characterized in that the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover are made of stainless steel and are fixed at the bottom of the main control box through screws and insulating rubber, and the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover are respectively used as an electrode for detecting the conductivity of water.
Further, the multi-parameter layered water sample collector is characterized in that a Bluetooth module, a memory and a battery which are electrically connected with the controller are further arranged in the main control box, and the battery is used for supplying power and is charged through a wireless electric energy receiving device arranged in the main control box.
The invention also provides a sampling method of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector, which comprises the following steps:
s1, checking a water sample sampler, and setting the water sampling depth of each water sampling tank for collecting a water sample;
s2, a controller controls the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet to be electrified, the end cover and the iron sheet are respectively adsorbed on the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, then the water sample sampler is put into water from a sampling point, and the geographic coordinates of the sampling point are recorded;
s3, in the descending process of the water sample sampler, collecting the water temperature, the conductivity and the flow velocity of water flow at intervals, and storing the collected water flow data and the depth of water flow in a memory;
s4, simultaneously, sequentially completing water sample collection of all water sampling tanks according to a shallow-to-deep sampling sequence in the descending process of the water sample sampler; when the water reaches a set water collecting depth, the corresponding water collecting tank collects a water sample at the depth, and after the water sample is collected, the end cover opening and closing mechanism is started to seal the water collecting tank;
s5, after the last water sampling tank finishes water sample collection, namely, after the first electromagnet corresponding to the last water sampling tank is powered off, the controller controls the second electromagnet to be powered off, the iron sheet is separated from the second electromagnet, the floating ball is not pulled by the iron sheet, the floating ball floats up quickly along the pull rope under the buoyancy effect of water, and when the floating ball floats out of the water surface, the water sample sampler can be pulled out of the water surface;
s6, after the water sample sampler is pulled out of the water surface, the data stored in the memory are sent to ground equipment through the Bluetooth module, the water sample in each water sampling tank is detected, the detection data are combined with the data of the memory to perform data processing, a water sample component data table is obtained, and one-time water sample collection is completed.
Further, according to the sampling method of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector, when the water sample is collected by the water collection tank in the step S4, the water collection tank is horizontally collected; when the set water collection depth is close, the controller starts the deep water propeller, and when the set water collection depth is reached, the deep water propeller adjusts the support to be in a horizontal state, the water collection tank is also in a horizontal state along with the support, and the water collection tank collects water samples horizontally; after the water sampling tank is collected, the deep water propeller is stopped, and the water sample sampler continues to descend.
Further, in the above-mentioned sampling method of the multi-parameter layered sampling water sample collector, in step S3, the flow velocity of the water flow is obtained by a calculation method stored in the memory, and the calculation method is as follows:
s31, a stress model of the water sampler is built, the water sample collector is in an inclined state in the descending process due to the impact of water flow, the included angle between the water sample collector and the vertical direction is theta, and a calculation formula 1 of the water flow force is as follows:
wherein G is the gravity of the water sample collector, F Resistance resistor F is the resistance of water flow Floating device For buoyancy of water flow, F Pulling device F is the pulling force of the pull rope Water flow For water flow force, a Vertical and vertical Is the acceleration of the water sample collector in the vertical direction.
S32, weighing to obtain the gravity G, and then sinking the water sample collector into a water tank to obtain F Floating device And recording the obtained data in a memory.
S33, measuring F received by different flow rates in a constant water tank Water flow Is used to obtain the flow velocity v and F Water flow And recording the relationship in a memory;
s34, because the descending speed and the water flow speed are slower, F Resistance resistor =kv, k is a damping coefficient, V is the motion speed of the water sample collector in water, and the damping coefficient k is calculated by establishing a relatively static non-flowing water body model; v can be calculated from the separation distance provided by the data returned by the depth sensor and the time.
And S35, substituting the data obtained in the steps S32, S33 and S34 into the formula 1 to obtain the flow velocity of the water flow.
Further, in the above-mentioned sampling method of multi-parameter layered sampling water sample collector, in step S34, the method for calculating the damping coefficient k is as follows:
a relatively static, non-flowing body of water is selected, and the device is allowed to fall freely, using, for example, a lake near shore, where θ is 0 in equation 1. Measuring the depth H of the ith time at intervals of 100ms i The falling speed of the water sample collector at the moment is shown as formula 2:
to improve accuracy, data may be acquired multiple times (e.g., 10 times) at 100ms intervals and then processed using a difference-by-difference method. Calculate V i Corresponding acceleration sensor is recorded at the same timeAcceleration a of returned water sample collector in vertical direction yi And a series of theta and V i And a yi The data of (2) is substituted into formula 1, and the damping coefficient is calculated through least square fitting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the deep water collection with the depth of 200 meters can be achieved, and the collection with the depths can be completed by one-time collection through the arrangement of a plurality of water collection tanks, so that the collection efficiency is high; the acquisition completion state can be accurately judged by setting the indicating mechanism during deep water acquisition, so that the time waste caused by excessive acquisition is avoided, and the acquisition efficiency is further improved; on the other hand, through the arrangement of the deep water propeller, the water can be horizontally collected during collection, the depth error caused by the length of the tank body is eliminated, the collection accuracy is improved, the conductivity of water and water can be measured in real time when the water can be lowered, the consistency of time and space positions can be kept, the measuring error of a plurality of sensors caused by water body flowing can be effectively overcome, the continuous water quality parameter collection is completed through one-time collection, and the collection of a plurality of layers of deep water samples is realized. The end cover opening and closing mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, low manufacturing cost, more stable sealing and deeper water sample collection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-parameter layered water sample collector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a master control box structure of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the force analysis of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector of the present invention as it descends;
in the figure: 1. a bracket; 2. a water collection tank; 3. an end cover opening and closing mechanism; 31. an end cap; 32. a support; 33. a first electromagnet; 34. an elastic rope; 4. a drag hook; 5. a pull rope; 6. an indication mechanism; 61. a floating ball; 62. a second electromagnet; 63. iron sheet; 64. a steel wire; 7. a deep water propeller; 8. a master control box; 81. an upper sealing cover; 811. a middle hole; 812. a cable lead-out hole; 813. a seal ring groove; 82. and a lower sealing cover.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a multi-parameter layered water sample collector comprises a bracket 1 and water sampling tanks 2, wherein a plurality of water sampling tanks 2 are fixed on the periphery side of the bracket 1, each water sampling tank 2 is provided with an end cover opening and closing mechanism 3 which is independently controlled, and the end cover opening and closing mechanism 3 seals the water sampling tank 2 after the water sampling tank 2 collects water samples; in the embodiment, 3 water collection tanks 2 are arranged, and 3 end cover opening and closing mechanisms 3 are correspondingly arranged, so that the collection requirements of three points of up, middle and down can be met; the top end of the bracket 1 is provided with a draw hook 4 and a pull rope 5 connected with the draw hook 4, and the pull rope 5 is provided with an indicating mechanism 6 for indicating the sampling completion state; the bottom end of the bracket 1 is also provided with a deep water propeller 7, and the deep water propeller 7 not only can adjust the water sample collector to be in a horizontal state, but also can accelerate the water sampler to push out of the water surface; the inside master control box 8 that is equipped with of 1 end on the support, be equipped with controller and a plurality of functional piece in the master control box 8, the functional piece is connected with the controller electricity to be used for detecting quality of water and/or reflect the state of water sample collector, the detection of quality of water includes temperature, thermal conductivity etc. the state of water sample collector includes depth under water, acceleration etc.. The water sample collector can realize deep water collection with the depth of 200 meters, and can realize collection with multiple depths through one-time collection by arranging the multiple water collecting tanks 2, so that the collection efficiency is high; the acquisition completion state can be accurately judged by the arrangement of the indicating mechanism 6 during deep water acquisition, so that the time waste caused by excessive acquisition is avoided, and the acquisition efficiency is further improved; on the other hand, through the arrangement of the deep water propeller 7, the water collection tank 2 can collect horizontally during collection, so that depth errors caused by the length of the tank body are eliminated, and the collection accuracy is improved.
In the structure, the functional part comprises a depth sensor, a thermocouple and an acceleration sensor, wherein the depth sensor and the acceleration sensor are respectively used for detecting the underwater depth and the acceleration of the water sample collector, and the thermocouple is used for detecting the water temperature. The depth sensor can accurately detect the depth of the water sample collector in water, and errors caused by marking by ropes are eliminated. Specifically, the acceleration sensor is an MPU6050 acceleration sensor, which comprises a 16-bit ADC triaxial accelerometer, wherein the triaxial accelerometer uses independent detection for each axis and can collect a z 、a y 、a x . Through the setting of function spare, can measure water temperature and the conductivity of water in real time when descending, time and spatial position can both keep the uniformity, can effectively overcome the multisensor measurement error that the water flows and bring.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a sealing cover is arranged below the main control box body, the sealing cover comprises an upper sealing cover 81 and a lower sealing cover 82, the upper sealing cover 81 and the lower sealing cover 82 seal the bottom opening of the main control box 8, middle holes 811 for extending a depth sensor and a thermocouple are formed in the middle of the upper sealing cover 81, a plurality of cable lead-out holes 812 are further formed in the upper sealing cover 81, a sealing ring groove 813 positioned outside the middle holes 811 and the cable lead-out holes 812 is further formed in the upper sealing cover 81, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove 813, so that the sealing effect is good. The cable of the cable outlet 812 is correspondingly connected with each functional element, the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, the deep water propeller and the like.
In addition, the upper sealing cover 81 and the lower sealing cover 82 are made of stainless steel and are fixed at the bottom of the main control box 8 through screws and insulating rubber, and the upper sealing cover 81 and the lower sealing cover 82 are respectively used as an electrode for detecting the conductivity of water, so that the utilization rate of equipment is improved.
Example 2
Based on the structure of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-2, the end cover opening and closing mechanism 3 comprises two end covers 31 arranged at two ends of the water collecting tank 2, the water collecting tank 2 is fixedly connected with the bracket 1 through supports 32 arranged at two ends of the outer side of the water collecting tank 2, one end of the end cover 31 is hinged with the supports 32 through a hinge, the other end of the end cover 31 is movably connected with the first electromagnet 33, the first electromagnet 33 is powered, the end cover 31 is adsorbed on the first electromagnet 33, and otherwise, the end cover 31 is separated from the first electromagnet 33; the first electromagnet 33 is fixed on the bracket 1 and is electrically connected with the controller, and the sealing directions of the two end covers 31 are also connected with elastic ropes 34 penetrating through the water collecting tank 2. The water sampling tank 2 is sealed by adopting the mode of hinge, elastic rope 34 and electromagnetic attraction, compared with the mode of a motor driven hook, the water sampling tank has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, low manufacturing cost, more stable sealing and capability of realizing deeper (reaching 200 meters) water sample collection.
The indication mechanism 6 comprises a floating ball 61, a second electromagnet 62 and an iron sheet 63, wherein the second electromagnet 62 is fixed on the bracket 1 and is positioned between the two first electromagnets 33, the second electromagnet 62 is electrically connected with the controller, the iron sheet 63 is movably connected with the second electromagnet 62, the second electromagnet 62 is electrified, the iron sheet 63 is adsorbed on the second electromagnet 62, otherwise, the iron sheet 63 is separated from the second electromagnet 62; the floating ball 61 is sleeved on the pull rope 5 through a lantern ring on the floating ball 61, and is fixedly connected with the iron sheet 63 through a steel wire 64 connected to the lantern ring. Through an indication mechanism; 63. the setting of (3) can accurately judge the acquisition completion time, and the acquisition efficiency is improved. Compared with the short wave transmission information such as Bluetooth, the short wave transmission information such as Bluetooth is difficult to transmit underwater, the transmission distance in water can be reduced to about 1 meter, the deep water collection is not suitable, and compared with the radio long wave communication, the device cost is high although the radio long wave communication can transmit in the deep water.
The main control box 8 is internally provided with a Bluetooth module, a memory and a battery which are electrically connected with the controller, and the battery is used for supplying power and is charged through a wireless electric energy receiving device arranged in the main control box. The memory is a memory chip W25Q128JVSIQ.
Example 3
The sampling method adopting the multi-parameter layered sampling water sample collector described in the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, checking a water sample sampler, and setting the water sampling depth of each water sampling tank 2 for collecting a water sample;
s2, the controller controls the first electromagnet 33 and the second electromagnet 62 to be electrified, the end cover 31 and the iron sheet 63 are respectively adsorbed on the first electromagnet 33 and the second electromagnet 62, then the water sample sampler is put into water from a sampling point, and the geographic coordinates of the sampling point are recorded;
s3, in the descending process of the water sample sampler, collecting the water temperature, the conductivity and the flow velocity of water flow at intervals, and storing the collected water flow data and the depth of water flow in a memory; the water temperature and the conductivity of the water can be measured in real time while the water is lowered, the consistency of time and space positions can be maintained, and the measuring error of multiple sensors caused by water flow can be effectively overcome. This spacing distance may be set as desired, for example, 0.5 meters, 1 meter, etc.
S4, simultaneously, sequentially completing water sample collection of all the water sampling tanks 2 according to a shallow-to-deep sampling sequence in the descending process of the water sample sampler; when reaching a set water collection depth, the corresponding water collection tank 2 collects a water sample at the depth; when the set water collection depth is approached, the controller starts the deep water propeller 7, and when the set water collection depth is reached, the deep water propeller 7 adjusts the bracket 1 to be in a horizontal state, the water collection tank 2 is also in the horizontal state along with the bracket 1, and the water collection tank 2 collects water samples horizontally; after the collection is completed, the end cover opening and closing mechanism 3 is started to seal the water collection tank 2, then the deep water propeller 7 is stopped, and the water sample sampler continues to descend;
s5, after the last water sampling tank 2 finishes water sample collection, namely after the first electromagnet 33 corresponding to the last water sampling tank 2 is powered off, the controller controls the second electromagnet 62 to be powered off, the iron sheet 63 is separated from the second electromagnet 63, the floating ball 61 is not pulled by the iron sheet 63 any more, the floating ball floats up quickly along the pull rope 5 under the buoyancy of water, and when the floating ball 61 floats out of the water surface, the water sample sampler can be pulled out of the water surface;
s6, processing data, and after the water sample sampler is pulled out of the water surface, sending the data stored in the memory to ground equipment through the Bluetooth module; for example, a mobile phone detects the water sample in each water sampling tank 2, combines the detection data with the data of the memory to perform data processing, obtains a water sample component data table, and completes one-time water sample collection.
The flow velocity of the water flow in step S3 is obtained by a calculation method stored in a memory, the calculation method being:
s31, a stress model of the water sampler is built, as shown in fig. 3, due to the impact of water flow, the water sample collector is in an inclined state in the descending process, the included angle between the water sample collector and the vertical direction is theta, and the calculation formula 1 of the water flow force is as follows:
wherein G is the gravity of the water sample collector, F Resistance resistor F is the resistance of water flow Floating device For buoyancy of water flow, F Pulling device F is the pulling force of the pull rope Water flow For water flow force, a Vertical and vertical Acceleration of the water sample collector in the vertical direction; a shown in FIG. 2 y 、a z A) x The acceleration may be obtained by an acceleration sensor.
S32, weighing to obtain the gravity G, and then sinking the water sample collector into a water tank to obtain F Floating device And recording the obtained data in a memory.
S33, measuring F received by different flow rates in a constant water tank Water flow Is used to obtain the flow velocity v and F Water flow And recording the relationship in a memory;
s34, because the descending speed and the water flow speed are slower, F Resistance resistor =kv, k is damping coefficient, V is the movement speed of the water sample collector in water, V can be calculated by the interval distance and time, the interval distance passes through depth transmissionProviding data returned by the sensor; the method for calculating the damping coefficient k comprises the following steps:
a relatively static, non-flowing body of water is selected, and the device is allowed to fall freely, using, for example, a lake near shore, where θ is 0 in equation 1. Measuring the depth H of the ith time at intervals of 100ms i The falling speed of the water sample collector at the moment is shown as formula 2:
to improve accuracy, data may be acquired multiple times (e.g., 10 times) at 100ms intervals and then processed using a difference-by-difference method. Calculate V i Simultaneously recording the acceleration a in the vertical direction of the water sample collector returned by the corresponding acceleration sensor yi And a series of theta and V i And a yi The data of (2) is substituted into formula 1, and the damping coefficient k is calculated through least square fitting. The method comprises the following steps:
when θ is 0, equation 1 can be reduced to equation 3 below:
G+F resistance resistor +F Floating device +F Pulling device ＝ma Vertical and vertical
Will F Resistance resistor =kv substituted into equation 3 to obtain equation 4:
G+kV i +F floating device +F Pulling device ＝ma yL
Wherein a is Vertical and vertical At this time, the measured value a returned for the acceleration sensor yi The ith point F is obtained by equation 3 Resistance resistor And then the damping coefficient k is calculated by the formula 4. In order to improve the accuracy of the damping coefficient k, a plurality of point positions F can be calculated Resistance resistor The size of (2) and obtaining more accurate k after mean value processing.
And S35, substituting the data obtained in the steps S32, S33 and S34 into the formula 1 to obtain the flow velocity of the water flow.
It should be noted that under the normal measurement condition, the acceleration jitter is smaller, the laminar flow is represented, and after k is acquired, the corresponding H is recorded every 100ms i 、a zi 、a yi 、a xi Equal data, i.e., F can be calculated using equation 1 Water flow i And obtaining a laminar flow rate at that depth based on the previous pre-processing data. If acceleration a occurs zi 、a yi 、a xi At this point, the shaking was severe, indicating that turbulence occurred at this depth, by calculating the frequency of the acceleration change and characterizing the magnitude of the turbulence with this frequency.
According to the adoption method of the multi-parameter layered water sample collector, the depth and geographic coordinate information of water sample collection are collected while the water sample is collected, the water quality parameters of all depths can be collected immediately, the parameter data are stored in the memory, and the parameter data and the water sample collection data are combined to form a water sample composition table, so that the water sample information of a target position can be conveniently and rapidly known, and data support is provided for subsequent research work.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a water sample collector is adopted in multiple parameter layering which characterized in that: the water sampling device comprises a bracket (1) and water sampling tanks (2), wherein a plurality of water sampling tanks (2) are fixed on the periphery side of the bracket (1), an end cover opening and closing mechanism (3) which is independently controlled is arranged on each water sampling tank (2), and the end cover opening and closing mechanism (3) seals the water sampling tanks (2) after the water sampling tanks (2) collect water samples; the top end of the bracket (1) is provided with a draw hook (4) and a pull rope (5) connected with the draw hook (4), and the pull rope (5) is provided with an indicating mechanism (6) for indicating the sampling completion state; the bottom end of the bracket (1) is also provided with a deep water propeller (7); the water sample collector is characterized in that a main control box (8) is arranged inside the upper end of the support (1), a controller and a plurality of functional pieces are arranged in the main control box (8), and the functional pieces are electrically connected with the controller and are used for detecting water quality and/or reflecting the state of the water sample collector.
2. A multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 1 wherein: the end cover opening and closing mechanism (3) comprises two end covers (31) arranged at two ends of the water collecting tank (2), the water collecting tank (2) is fixedly connected with the support (1) through supports (32) arranged at two ends of the outer side of the water collecting tank (2), one end of the end cover (31) is hinged with the supports (32) through a hinge, the other end of the end cover is movably connected with a first electromagnet (33), the first electromagnet (33) is fixed on the support (1) and is electrically connected with a controller, and the sealing directions of the two end covers (31) are also connected with elastic ropes (34) penetrating through the water collecting tank (2).
3. A multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 1 wherein: the indicating mechanism (6) comprises a floating ball (61), a second electromagnet (62) and an iron sheet (63), wherein the second electromagnet (62) is fixed on the support (1) and is positioned between the two first electromagnets (33), the second electromagnet (52) is electrically connected with the controller, the iron sheet (53) is movably connected with the second electromagnet (52), the floating ball (61) is sleeved on the pull rope (5) through a lantern ring on the floating ball (61), and the floating ball is fixedly connected with the iron sheet (63) through a steel wire (64) connected to the lantern ring.
4. A multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 1 wherein: the functional parts comprise a depth sensor, a thermocouple and an acceleration sensor, wherein the depth sensor and the acceleration sensor are respectively used for detecting the underwater depth and the acceleration of the water sample collector, and the thermocouple is used for detecting the water temperature.
5. The multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector of claim 4, wherein: the main control box (8) box body below is equipped with sealed lid, sealed lid is including last sealed lid (81), lower sealed lid (82), go up sealed lid (81), sealed lid (82) down and seal main control box (8) bottom opening, and its centre all is equipped with middle hole (811) that supplies depth sensor, thermocouple to stretch out, still be equipped with a plurality of cable extraction holes (812) on last sealed lid (81), still be equipped with on last sealed lid (81) and be located sealing washer groove (813) in the middle hole (811) and the cable extraction hole (812) outside, be equipped with the sealing washer in sealing washer groove (813).
6. The multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector of claim 5, wherein: the upper sealing cover (81) and the lower sealing cover (82) are made of stainless steel and are fixed at the bottom of the main control box (8) through screws and insulating rubber, and the upper sealing cover (81) and the lower sealing cover (82) are respectively used as an electrode for detecting the conductivity of water.
7. A multi-parameter, hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 1 wherein: the main control box (8) is internally provided with a Bluetooth module, a memory and a battery which are electrically connected with the controller, and the battery is used for supplying power and is charged through a wireless electric energy receiving device arranged in the main control box.
8. A method of sampling a multi-parameter hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising the steps of:
s1, checking a water sample sampler, and setting the water sampling depth of each water sampling tank (2) for collecting a water sample;
s2, a controller controls the first electromagnet (33) and the second electromagnet (62) to be powered on, the end cover (31) and the iron sheet (63) are respectively adsorbed on the first electromagnet (33) and the second electromagnet (62), and then the water sample sampler is placed into water from a sampling point and the geographic coordinates of the sampling point are recorded;
s3, in the descending process of the water sample sampler, collecting the water temperature, the conductivity and the flow velocity of water flow at intervals, and storing the collected water flow data and the depth of water flow in a memory;
s4, simultaneously, sequentially completing water sample collection of all the water sampling tanks (2) according to a shallow-to-deep sampling sequence in the descending process of the water sample sampler; when a set water collecting depth is reached, the corresponding water collecting tank (2) collects a water sample with the depth, and after the collection is completed, the end cover opening and closing mechanism (3) is started to seal the water collecting tank (2);
s5, after the last water sampling tank (2) finishes water sample collection, the controller controls the second electromagnet (62) to lose electricity, the iron sheet (63) is separated from the second electromagnet (62), the floating ball (61) is not pulled by the iron sheet (63) any more, the floating ball floats upwards rapidly along the pull rope (5) under the action of buoyancy of water, and when the floating ball (61) floats out of the water surface, the water sample sampler can be pulled out of the water surface;
s6, after the water sample sampler is pulled out of the water surface, the data stored in the memory are sent to ground equipment through the Bluetooth module, the water sample in each water sampling tank is detected, the detection data are combined with the data of the memory to perform data processing, a water sample component data table is obtained, and one-time water sample collection is completed.
9. The method for sampling a multi-parameter hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 8 wherein: when the water sampling tank (2) collects water samples in the step S4, the water sampling tank (2) collects water horizontally; when the set water depth is approached, the controller starts the deep water propeller (7), and when the set water depth is reached, the deep water propeller (7) adjusts the bracket (1) to be in a horizontal state, the water collecting tank (2) is also in a horizontal state along with the bracket (1), and the water collecting tank (2) collects water samples horizontally; after the water sampling tank (2) is collected, the deep water propeller (7) stops, and the water sample sampler continues to descend.
10. The method for sampling a multi-parameter hierarchical sampling water sample collector according to claim 8 wherein: the flow velocity of the water flow in step S3 is obtained by a calculation method stored in a memory, the calculation method being:
s31, a stress model of the water sampler is built, the water sample collector is in an inclined state in the descending process due to the impact of water flow, the included angle between the water sample collector and the vertical direction is theta, and a calculation formula 1 of the water flow force is as follows:
wherein G is the gravity of the water sample collector, F Resistance resistor F is the resistance of water flow Floating device For buoyancy of water flow, F Pulling device F is the pulling force of the pull rope Water flow For water flow force, a Vertical and vertical Acceleration of the water sample collector in the vertical direction;
s32, weighing to obtain the gravity G, and then sinking the water sample collector into a water tank to obtain F Floating device And recording the obtained data in a memory;
s33, measuring F received by different flow rates in a constant water tank Water flow Is used to obtain the flow velocity v and F Water flow And recording the relationship in a memory;
s34, because the descending speed and the water flow speed are slower, F Resistance resistor =kv, k is a damping coefficient, V is a motion speed of the water sample collector in water, and the damping coefficient k is calculated by establishing a relatively static non-flowing water body model, and the method for calculating the damping coefficient k is as follows:
selecting a relatively static, non-flowing water body, allowing the device to fall freely, wherein θ in equation 1 is 0; measuring the depth H of the ith time at intervals of 100ms i The falling speed of the water sample collector at the moment is shown as formula 2:
calculate V i Corresponding accelerations are also recorded at the same timeAcceleration a of sensor returned water sample collector in vertical direction yi And a series of theta and V i And a yi Substituting the data of (2) into a formula 1, and calculating a damping coefficient k through least square fitting;
and S35, substituting the data obtained in the steps S32, S33 and S34 into the formula 1 to obtain the flow velocity of the water flow.
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| CN117347113A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 苏州园科生态建设集团有限公司 | Ecological detection sampling device of little wetland water of manual work |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117347113A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 苏州园科生态建设集团有限公司 | Ecological detection sampling device of little wetland water of manual work |
| CN117347113B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-02-09 | 苏州园科生态建设集团有限公司 | Ecological detection sampling device of little wetland water of manual work |
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