CN116334336A - Method for producing chromium-containing molten iron - Google Patents
Method for producing chromium-containing molten iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN116334336A CN116334336A CN202310087886.7A CN202310087886A CN116334336A CN 116334336 A CN116334336 A CN 116334336A CN 202310087886 A CN202310087886 A CN 202310087886A CN 116334336 A CN116334336 A CN 116334336A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of chromium-containing molten iron, which comprises the following steps: proportioning, namely proportioning ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke; feeding, namely preheating ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke after the proportioning, and then adding the preheated ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke into an ore furnace from the top of the ore furnace; smelting, namely charging current into an electrode in an ore smelting furnace for smelting, wherein furnace burden prereduction is carried out in the smelting process, and comprises the following steps: after the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process is purified, hydrogen and coal bed gas are added to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the mixed gas is heated and then uniformly sprayed into the ore-smelting furnace from a tuyere below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace charge, and the furnace charge in the ore-smelting furnace is pre-reduced. By utilizing the method, the chemical energy of the submerged arc furnace gas is fully utilized, and the burden is prereduced by the submerged arc furnace gas, so that the consumption of coke in submerged arc furnace smelting is obviously reduced, and the aim of low-carbon smelting is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of chromium-containing molten iron.
Background
The chromium-containing molten iron is a main raw material for producing stainless steel, and the current production process of the chromium-containing molten iron comprises the following steps: and (3) roasting the chromite powder into ferrochrome pellets, adding the ferrochrome pellets, a flux and fuel coke into an ore smelting furnace for smelting, and finally obtaining chromium-containing molten iron. When the process is adopted to smelt chromium-containing molten iron, the consumption of coke is relatively high, about 500kg/t, and the CO content in the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged during smelting reaches 90%, so that although the ore-smelting furnace gas can be used for heating, power generation and the like after being discharged, the chemical energy of CO in the ore-smelting furnace gas is not fully utilized.
Therefore, a novel production method of chromium-containing molten iron is developed to fully utilize CO in submerged arc furnace gas to realize low-carbon smelting, and the production method becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a method for producing chromium-containing molten iron, which aims at the technical problems in the prior art and comprises the following steps:
(1) Proportioning, namely proportioning ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke;
(2) Feeding, namely preheating ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke after the proportioning, and then adding the preheated ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke into an ore furnace from the top of the ore furnace;
(3) Smelting, namely charging current into an electrode in an ore smelting furnace for smelting, wherein furnace burden prereduction is carried out in the smelting process, and comprises the following steps: after the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process is purified, hydrogen and coal bed gas are added to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the mixed gas is heated and then uniformly sprayed into the ore-smelting furnace from a tuyere below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace charge, and the furnace charge in the ore-smelting furnace is subjected to pre-reduction.
As a specific embodiment, in the above-described method for producing chromium-containing molten iron:
in the batching step, the fluxes are silica and dolomite, and the chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite are weighed and batched according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
in the feeding step, the chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite after being mixed are preheated to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin and then are added into an ore heating furnace;
in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 50-70% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 30-40% of the hydrogen and 1-4% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200-1300 ℃ and then is evenly sprayed into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air inlets at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the spraying amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 3000-8000 m 3 /h。
In the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, as a specific embodiment, in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air inlets at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 4500m 3 /h。
In the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, as a specific embodiment, in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air ports at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 5000m 3 /h。
In one specific embodiment, in the above-mentioned chromium-containing molten iron production method, in the smelting step, the mixed gas middling heating furnace coalThe volume contents of gas, hydrogen and coal bed gas are controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly sprayed into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air ports at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the spraying amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 6000m 3 /h。
In the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, as a specific embodiment, in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air ports at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 7000m 3 /h。
In the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, as a specific embodiment, in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1280 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air inlets at 1 meter below the submerged arc furnace burden surface, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 7000m 3 /h。
In the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, as a specific embodiment, in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 58% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 40% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1280 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air inlets at 1 meter below the submerged arc furnace burden surface, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 7000m 3 /h。
The production method of the chromium-containing molten iron has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the chromium-containing molten iron smelted by the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron completely meets the production requirement of stainless steel, meanwhile, CO in the submerged arc furnace gas can be reused to prereduce furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace, so that the chemical energy of the submerged arc furnace gas is fully utilized, and the consumption of coke in the submerged arc furnace smelting is obviously reduced by prereducing the furnace burden by the submerged arc furnace gas, thereby achieving the aim of low-carbon smelting.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with specific embodiments and examples of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments and examples are only some, but not all, embodiments and examples of the present invention. All other embodiments and examples, which are obtained by persons skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The production method of the chromium-containing molten iron comprises the following steps:
(1) Proportioning, namely proportioning ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke;
(2) Feeding, namely preheating ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke after the proportioning, and then adding the preheated ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke into an ore furnace from the top of the ore furnace;
(3) Smelting, namely charging current into an electrode in an ore smelting furnace for smelting, wherein furnace burden prereduction is carried out in the smelting process, and comprises the following steps: after the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process is purified, hydrogen and coal bed gas are added to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the mixed gas is heated and then uniformly sprayed into the ore-smelting furnace from a tuyere below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace charge, and the furnace charge in the ore-smelting furnace is pre-reduced.
More specifically, the method for manufacturing chromium-containing molten iron of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe (total iron content) in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8%, cr 2 O 3 The content is 38.83%、SiO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1200-1300 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at the position 1 m below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace material, and pre-reducing furnace materials in the ore-smelting furnace, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 50-70% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 30-40% of the hydrogen and 1-4% of the coal bed gas, and the spraying amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 3000-8000 m 3 /h。
Therefore, the chromium-containing molten iron is smelted by the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron, the chromium content in the chromium-containing molten iron is 51-53 percent, the silicon content in the chromium-containing molten iron is 3-4 percent, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1410-1460 ℃, so that the production requirement of stainless steel is completely met. And CO in the submerged arc furnace gas can pre-reduce the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace, so that the chemical energy of the submerged arc furnace gas is fully utilized, and the consumption of coke in submerged arc furnace smelting is obviously reduced by pre-reducing the furnace burden by the submerged arc furnace gas, thereby achieving the aim of low-carbon smelting. Through practical measurement and calculation, the coke consumption required by the production of the chromium-containing molten iron by the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron is 390-450 kg/t, which is obviously lower than the coke consumption of the submerged arc furnace smelting of 500kg/t in the prior art.
The method for manufacturing chromium-containing molten iron according to the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.
Comparative example
Firstly, a conventional production method for smelting chromium-containing molten iron by using a submerged arc furnace in the prior art is provided as a comparative example, and the production steps are as follows:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
And (3) introducing current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace to smelt to obtain chromium-containing molten iron.
The chromium-containing molten iron manufactured by the manufacturing method of the chromium-containing molten iron of the comparative example had a chromium content of 51.3% and a silicon content of 3.18%, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron was 1435 ℃. According to practical measurement, the coke consumption of the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron of the comparative example is 483kg/t.
Example 1
The method for producing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 1 of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of an ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1200 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at a position 1 m below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 4500m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 1 has the chromium content of 51.8 percent and the silicon content of 3.6 percent, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1430 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of stainless steel. And, the consumption of coke required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron is reduced to 427kg/t. It can be seen that with the production method of chromium-containing molten iron according to example 1 of the present invention, the coke consumption was reduced by 56kg/t as compared with the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, silicon content, and temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron were substantially uniform.
Example 2
The method for producing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 2 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of an ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1200 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at a position 1 meter below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 5000m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 2 has the chromium content of 51.9 percent and the silicon content of 3.5 percent, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1425 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirement of stainless steel. And the consumption of coke required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron was reduced to 421kg/t. It can be seen that with the production method of chromium-containing molten iron according to example 2 of the present invention, the coke consumption was reduced by 62kg/t compared to the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, silicon content, and temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron were substantially uniform.
Example 3
The method for producing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 3 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of an ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1200 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at the position 1 m below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 6000m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 3 has 52.0 percent of chromium and 3.7 percent of silicon, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1430 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of stainless steel. And the coke consumption required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron is reduced to 416kg/t. It can be seen that with the production method of chromium-containing molten iron according to example 3 of the present invention, the coke consumption was reduced by 67kg/t as compared with the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, silicon content, and temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron were substantially uniform.
Example 4
The method for producing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 4 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of an ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 60% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1200 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at 1 meter below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 7000m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 4 has 52.0 percent of chromium and 3.7 percent of silicon, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1430 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of stainless steel. And the coke consumption required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron is reduced to 414kg/t. It can be seen that with the production method of chromium-containing molten iron according to example 4 of the present invention, the coke consumption was reduced by 69kg/t compared to the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, silicon content, and temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron were substantially uniform.
Example 5
The method for manufacturing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 5 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: after the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process is purified, the ore-smelting furnace gas is matched withThe method comprises the steps of forming mixed gas of ore-smelting furnace gas, hydrogen and coal bed gas, controlling the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas to be 60% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1280 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air ports at 1 meter below the ore-smelting furnace burden surface, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 7000m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 5 has 52.1 percent of chromium and 3.85 percent of silicon, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1435 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of stainless steel. And the coke consumption required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron is reduced to 404kg/t. It can be seen that the coke consumption is reduced by 79kg/t compared with the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, the silicon content, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron are substantially uniform by using the manufacturing method of the chromium-containing molten iron of example 5 of the present invention.
Example 6
The method for producing chromium-containing molten iron of embodiment 6 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) Proportioning materials
Weighing and proportioning chromium-containing pellets, coke, and silica and dolomite as fluxes according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
(2) Charging material
Preheating the proportioned chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin, and adding the chromium-containing pellets, the coke, the silica and the dolomite into an ore heating furnace through a material distribution program;
(3) Smelting
Charging current into three electrodes in the submerged arc furnace for smelting, and pre-reducing furnace burden in the smelting process, wherein the pre-reducing furnace burden comprises the following steps: purifying ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of an ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process, adding hydrogen and coal bed gas to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas, wherein the volume content of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 58% of the ore-smelting furnace gas, 40% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coal bed gas, heating the mixed gas to 1280 ℃, uniformly spraying the heated mixed gas into the ore-smelting furnace from 8 air openings at 1 meter below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace, and controlling the spraying amount of the mixed gas to be 7000m 3 And/h, pre-reducing the furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace.
The chromium-containing molten iron obtained by smelting the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron in the embodiment 6 has the chromium content of 51.9 percent and the silicon content of 3.75 percent, and the temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron is 1438 ℃, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of stainless steel. And the coke consumption required for producing the chromium-containing molten iron was reduced to 398kg/t. It can be seen that with the production method of chromium-containing molten iron according to example 6 of the present invention, the coke consumption was reduced by 85kg/t compared to the comparative example of the prior art in the case that the chromium content, silicon content, and temperature of the chromium-containing molten iron were substantially uniform.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method for producing chromium-containing molten iron has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the chromium-containing molten iron smelted by the production method of the chromium-containing molten iron completely meets the production requirement of stainless steel, meanwhile, CO in the submerged arc furnace gas can be reused to prereduce furnace burden in the submerged arc furnace, so that the chemical energy of the submerged arc furnace gas is fully utilized, and the consumption of coke in the submerged arc furnace smelting is obviously reduced by prereducing the furnace burden by the submerged arc furnace gas, thereby achieving the aim of low-carbon smelting.
The above embodiments and examples are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting thereof; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical schemes described in the foregoing embodiments and examples can be modified or some of the technical features can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the various embodiments and examples.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing chromium-containing molten iron, comprising the steps of:
(1) Proportioning, namely proportioning ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke;
(2) Feeding, namely preheating ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke after the proportioning, and then adding the preheated ferrochrome pellets, flux and coke into an ore furnace from the top of the ore furnace;
(3) Smelting, namely charging current into an electrode in an ore smelting furnace for smelting, wherein furnace burden prereduction is carried out in the smelting process, and comprises the following steps: after the ore-smelting furnace gas discharged from the furnace top of the ore-smelting furnace in the smelting process is purified, hydrogen and coal bed gas are added to form mixed gas of the ore-smelting furnace gas, the mixed gas is heated and then uniformly sprayed into the ore-smelting furnace from a tuyere below the surface of the ore-smelting furnace charge, and the furnace charge in the ore-smelting furnace is subjected to pre-reduction.
2. The method for manufacturing chromium-containing molten iron according to claim 1, wherein:
in the batching step, the fluxes are silica and dolomite, and the chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite are weighed and batched according to the following weight parts:
wherein TFe in the chromium-containing pellet is 19.8 percent and Cr is contained 2 O 3 The content is 38.83 percent, siO 2 The content is 4.28 percent, al 2 O 3 15.38 percent of CaO and 2.24 percent of CaO; siO in silica 2 The content is 96%; the MgO content in the dolomite is 18.3 percent, and the CaO content is 31.2 percent;
in the feeding step, the chromium-containing pellets, coke, silica and dolomite after being mixed are preheated to 450 ℃ in a preheating bin and then are added into an ore heating furnace;
in the smelting step, the volume content of the submerged arc furnace gas, the hydrogen and the coal bed gas in the mixed gas is controlled to be 50-70% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 30-40% of the hydrogen and 1-4% of the coal bed gas, the mixed gas is heated to 1200-1300 ℃ and then is evenly sprayed into the submerged arc furnace from 8 air inlets at 1 meter below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the spraying amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 3000-8000 m 3 /h。
3. The method for producing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the level of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to 4500m 3 /h。
4. The method for producing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to be 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to be 5000m 3 /h。
5. The method for producing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the surface of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to 6000m 3 /h。
6. The method for producing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1200 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the level of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to 7000m 3 /h。
7. The method for producing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to 60% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 38% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1280 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the level of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to 7000m 3 /h。
8. The method for manufacturing molten iron containing chromium according to claim 2, wherein in the smelting step, the volume contents of the submerged arc furnace gas, hydrogen and coalbed methane in the mixed gas are controlled to 58% of the submerged arc furnace gas, 40% of the hydrogen and 2% of the coalbed methane, the mixed gas is heated to 1280 ℃ and then uniformly injected into the submerged arc furnace from 8 tuyeres 1 m below the level of the submerged arc furnace, and the injection amount of the mixed gas is controlled to 7000m 3 /h。
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| CN202310087886.7A CN116334336A (en) | 2023-02-09 | 2023-02-09 | Method for producing chromium-containing molten iron |
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| CN202310087886.7A CN116334336A (en) | 2023-02-09 | 2023-02-09 | Method for producing chromium-containing molten iron |
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