CN116334333A - Explosion-proof structure for top combustion type gas heating furnace - Google Patents
Explosion-proof structure for top combustion type gas heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN116334333A CN116334333A CN202310284202.2A CN202310284202A CN116334333A CN 116334333 A CN116334333 A CN 116334333A CN 202310284202 A CN202310284202 A CN 202310284202A CN 116334333 A CN116334333 A CN 116334333A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010017740 Gas poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/10—Other details, e.g. blast mains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/02—Brick hot-blast stoves
- C21B9/04—Brick hot-blast stoves with combustion shaft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an explosion-proof structure for a top-combustion type gas heating furnace, which comprises a top-combustion type gas heating furnace, a hot gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading out hot gas, an air main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in combustion media, a combustion gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for providing combustion gas, a flue branch pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for discharging waste gas, and a cold gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in cold gas, wherein the inlet of the combustion gas main pipe, the inlet of the air main pipe and the inlet of the flue branch pipe are all provided with explosion release valves, so that the problem that the heating furnace is damaged due to the fact that explosion easily occurs in the process of air and gas replacement when the traditional top-combustion type gas heating furnace heats is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of heating furnace explosion prevention, and particularly discloses an explosion-proof structure for a top combustion type gas heating furnace.
Background
The hydrogen-rich carbon circulating blast furnace is a novel iron-making mode of total oxygen smelting, which is suitable for low-carbon emission reduction development, oxygen and high-pressure hot gas need to be blown into a tuyere, the pressure of the high-pressure gas can reach 0.35-0.6MPa, and the temperature can reach 950-1200 ℃. And the heated medium of the hydrogen-rich carbon circulating blast furnace is a mixture of high-toxicity and high-explosiveness decarburized gas and coke oven gas, wherein the content of CO is 67%. And due to the safety problem, no industrialized heating furnace for heating high-pressure gas to high temperature exists in the world at present.
And the current coal gas heating process in the world is mostly:
tube furnaces (heating temperature below 600 ℃), the disadvantage is low heating temperature;
the temperature of the conversion heating furnace (the heating temperature can reach 1100 ℃), and the defect is serious coal gas degradation;
the electric heating furnace (heating temperature can reach 900 ℃), which has the disadvantage of higher heating cost.
And the heating processes are mostly used for low-pressure gas heating, and the pressure value is below 40 kPa.
In the top combustion type gas heating furnace, the hot blast stove similar to the traditional blast furnace needs to heat the gas through the technological processes of combustion, choke plug and air supply. However, the heating mode inevitably has air and gas replacement, and in the replacement process, potential safety hazards exist, and danger is very easy to occur.
Accordingly, the inventors have provided an explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional top-combustion gas heating furnace is easy to explode to generate high-pressure gas in the process of air and gas replacement when the traditional top-combustion gas heating furnace is used for heating, so that the heating furnace is damaged.
In order to achieve the aim, the basic scheme of the invention provides an explosion-proof structure for a top-combustion type gas heating furnace, which comprises the top-combustion type gas heating furnace, a refractory masonry arranged in the heating furnace, a hot gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading out hot gas, an air main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in combustion media, a combustion gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for providing combustion gas, a flue branch pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for discharging waste gas, and a cold gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in cold gas, wherein the inlet of the combustion gas main pipe, the inlet of the air main pipe and the inlet of the flue branch pipe are all provided with explosion release valves and explosion release holes.
Further, the flue branch pipes are also communicated with a flue main pipe, the tail ends of the flue main pipe and the air main pipe are low-pressure ends, and the low-pressure ends are provided with explosion venting holes with explosion pieces.
Further, the explosion venting holes are all arranged in the air.
Further, the height of the explosion venting hole is required to be higher than 3m.
Further, the diameter of the explosion venting hole needs to be kept between phi 500mm and phi 600 mm.
Further, the flue branch pipe is also communicated with a manual valve, the other valve port of the manual valve is also communicated with a safety valve, and the other valve port of the safety valve is communicated with a flare of the diffusing tower.
Further, the heating of the heating furnace comprises the following steps:
step A001: closing an air supply mode, entering a furnace burning mode, introducing coal gas into a combustion chamber of the heating furnace through a furnace gas main pipe, introducing combustion medium into the combustion chamber of the heating furnace through an air main pipe, igniting the coal gas in the combustion chamber, heating a fireproof masonry in the furnace, and discharging flue gas generated in the combustion chamber into a flue main pipe through a flue branch pipe;
step A002: and closing a furnace burning mode, entering an air supply mode, and introducing cold gas into a heat exchange chamber of the heating furnace through a cold gas main pipe, and exchanging heat between the cold gas and the high-temperature brickwork, wherein the cold gas after heat exchange is changed into hot gas.
Further, the flue branch pipe pressure relief comprises the following steps:
step S001: high-pressure gas is discharged to the flue branch pipe during explosion, and the manual valve is kept normally open;
step S002: after the high-temperature high-pressure gas is overpressurized, the rupture disk and the safety valve are flushed, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged to a flare of a diffusing tower from the safety valve;
step S003: after the high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged, the safety valve is automatically closed.
The principle and effect of this basic scheme lie in:
1. the invention is provided with the explosion venting valve for discharging high-pressure gas generated by explosion in the top-combustion gas heating furnace, the explosion venting valve is used for conducting organized explosion venting, the rupture disk mainly plays a role in sealing, the explosion venting valve is automatically closed after the pressure in the furnace is unloaded, the air backflow prevention function is mainly played, and the problem that the heating furnace is damaged due to the fact that the high-pressure gas is easily generated by explosion in the air and gas replacement process when the traditional top-combustion gas heating furnace is used for heating is solved.
2. The invention is provided with the manual valve and the safety valve which are connected with the gas discharge tower torch through the safety valve, and the flushed gas is discharged to the gas discharge tower torch, so that the tissue discharge of toxic and harmful gas can be effectively solved.
3. According to the invention, the explosion venting hole is arranged on the air, so that the air discharge is realized, the pressure in the air discharge furnace can be relieved, the high-pressure gas is prevented from rushing to other equipment or human bodies, and the secondary potential safety hazard is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the embodiments
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: a manual valve 1, a safety valve 2, a flue branch pipe 3 and a diffusing tower torch 4.
An explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace is shown in fig. 1:
comprises a top combustion type gas heating furnace, a combustion chamber and a heat exchange chamber in the top combustion type gas heating furnace. The top combustion type heating furnace is communicated with a hot gas main pipe for leading out hot gas, an air main pipe for leading in combustion medium, a combustion furnace gas main pipe for providing combustion gas and a flue branch pipe 3 for discharging waste gas. Meanwhile, an air branch pipe is also communicated with the air main pipe, a burner gas branch pipe is also communicated with the burner gas main pipe, and a cold gas main pipe is also communicated with the flue branch pipe 3. The tail ends of the flue branch pipes 3 are communicated with a flue header pipe.
As shown in fig. 1, the flue branch pipe 3 is installed above the heating furnace, and the gas main pipe is installed below the heating furnace. And explosion venting valves with rupture discs are arranged at the inlet of a main gas pipe of the combustion furnace communicated with the heating furnace, at the inlet of an air main pipe and at the inlet of a flue branch pipe 3 communicated with the heating furnace.
And a fireproof masonry is arranged in the heating furnace. As shown in fig. 1, the tail ends of the flue main pipe and the air main pipe are corresponding low-pressure ends, and meanwhile, explosion venting holes with rupture discs are also arranged at the low-pressure ends of the flue main pipe and the air main pipe.
In the application, the heating steps of the heating furnace are as follows:
step A001: closing an air supply mode, entering a furnace burning mode, introducing coal gas into a combustion chamber of the heating furnace through a furnace gas main pipe, introducing combustion media into the combustion chamber of the heating furnace through an air main pipe, igniting the coal gas in the combustion chamber, heating a fireproof masonry in the furnace, and discharging flue gas generated in the combustion chamber into the flue main pipe through a flue branch pipe 3;
step A002: and closing a furnace burning mode, entering an air supply mode, and introducing cold gas into a heat exchange chamber of the heating furnace through a cold gas main pipe, and exchanging heat between the cold gas and the high-temperature brickwork, wherein the cold gas after heat exchange is changed into hot gas.
The explosion venting hole is mainly arranged at a height of more than 3m, and the outlet direction of the explosion venting hole is empty, so that the air discharge is realized. The diameter of the explosion venting hole is between phi 500mm and phi 600 mm. Once explosion is generated in the heating furnace, the blast wave of the explosion is transmitted to the explosion venting hole and rushes away the rupture disk, high-pressure gas passes through the rupture disk and is discharged from the explosion venting hole, and the explosion venting hole is arranged in a hollow manner, so that the pressure in the furnace can be relieved to the air, and no large accident is caused.
In this embodiment, the height of the explosion venting holes is 3m. In this embodiment, the diameter of the explosion venting hole is 500mm.
When the explosion venting hole is opened, the high-pressure gas is quickly poured into the outside air and mixed with the outside air. The medium heated by the heating furnace is a mixture of decarburized gas and coke oven gas with high toxicity and high explosiveness, the pressure of the medium is higher, the furnace body is filled with refractory materials, and when chemical overpressure and explosion occur during furnace changing, the generated high-pressure gas has extremely high destructive power and can pollute the surrounding environment to a great extent.
Wherein, the composition of the mixture of decarbonized gas and coke oven gas is shown in the following table:
the gas flow is 45000 Nm/h, the pressure fluctuates between 0.40 and 0.50MPa, the temperature before heating is controlled between 5 and 40 ℃, and the temperature after heating is controlled between 1100 and 1200 ℃.
As shown in fig. 2, for the flue branch pipe 3, a manual valve 1 is installed, the outlet of the manual valve 1 is communicated with a safety valve 2 through a gas pipeline, and the outlet of the safety valve 2 is communicated with a flare 4 of a diffusing tower through the gas pipeline.
After the explosion venting holes are opened, a large amount of high-toxicity hot gas is flushed out of the explosion venting holes, so that the fire and gas poisoning can be greater than the explosion hazard.
A safety valve 2 is therefore installed after the manual valve 1 of the flue leg 3 and a gas line is led to the flare 4 of the diffuser tower. When explosion occurs, the explosion venting valve is used for conducting organized explosion venting, the explosion venting sheet mainly plays a role in sealing, the explosion venting valve is automatically closed after the pressure in the furnace is unloaded, the air backflow prevention effect is mainly achieved, and the flushed coal gas is discharged to the flare 4 of the diffusion tower through the coal gas pipeline. Thus, the pressure is released, and toxic and harmful gases can be released in a organized way.
When the pressure relief is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:
step S001: high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged into a flue branch pipe 3, and a manual valve 1 (kept normally open);
step S002: when explosion occurs, high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes out the rupture disk from the manual valve 1, rushes out the safety valve 2, and is discharged to the blow-off tower torch 4 from the safety valve 2;
step S003: after the high-pressure gas is discharged, the safety valve 2 is automatically closed.
Through use verification, the method can effectively release pressure and can rapidly and safely release toxic gas.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An explosion-proof structure for a top-combustion gas heating furnace is characterized in that: the gas-fired furnace comprises a top-fired gas heating furnace, a refractory masonry arranged in the heating furnace, a hot gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading out hot gas, an air main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in combustion media, a combustion gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for providing combustion gas, a flue branch pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for discharging waste gas, and a cold gas main pipe communicated with the heating furnace and used for leading in cold gas, wherein the inlet of the combustion gas main pipe, the inlet of the air main pipe and the inlet of the flue branch pipe are all provided with explosion venting valves and explosion venting holes.
2. The explosion-proof structure for a top-combustion gas heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the flue branch pipe is further communicated with a flue main pipe, the tail ends of the flue main pipe and the air main pipe are low-pressure ends, and the low-pressure ends are provided with explosion release holes with explosion pieces.
3. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 2, wherein the explosion-discharging holes are all arranged in the air.
4. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 3, wherein the height of the explosion venting hole is required to be higher than 3m.
5. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the diameter of the explosion venting hole is required to be kept between 500mm and 600 mm.
6. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 2, wherein the flue branch pipe is further communicated with a manual valve, the other valve port of the manual valve is further communicated with a safety valve, and the other valve port of the safety valve is communicated with a flare of the diffusing tower.
7. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 6, wherein the heating furnace heating comprises the steps of:
step A001: closing an air supply mode, entering a furnace burning mode, introducing coal gas into a combustion chamber of the heating furnace through a furnace gas main pipe, introducing combustion medium into the combustion chamber of the heating furnace through an air main pipe, igniting the coal gas in the combustion chamber, heating a fireproof masonry in the furnace, and discharging flue gas generated in the combustion chamber into a flue main pipe through a flue branch pipe;
step A002: and closing a furnace burning mode, entering an air supply mode, and introducing cold gas into a heat exchange chamber of the heating furnace through a cold gas main pipe, and exchanging heat between the cold gas and the high-temperature brickwork, wherein the cold gas after heat exchange is changed into hot gas.
8. The explosion-proof structure for a top-firing gas heating furnace according to claim 6, wherein the pressure release of the flue branch pipe comprises the following steps:
step S001: high-pressure gas is discharged to the flue branch pipe during explosion, and the manual valve is kept normally open;
step S002: after the high-temperature high-pressure gas is overpressurized, the rupture disk and the safety valve are flushed, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged to a flare of a diffusing tower from the safety valve;
step S003: after the high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged, the safety valve is automatically closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310284202.2A CN116334333A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Explosion-proof structure for top combustion type gas heating furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310284202.2A CN116334333A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Explosion-proof structure for top combustion type gas heating furnace |
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| CN116334333A true CN116334333A (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| CN202310284202.2A Pending CN116334333A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Explosion-proof structure for top combustion type gas heating furnace |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2672078Y (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-01-19 | 高国纯 | Electric duster for blast furnace gas purifying |
| CN203530350U (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-04-09 | 陕西钢铁集团有限公司 | Blast furnace gas pipeline leakage protective device |
| CN104342527A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-02-11 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for diluting coke oven gas firing by using nitrogen |
| CN114317853A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-12 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Based on 2500m3Heating method for high-temperature gas by carbon circulation injection of blast furnace gas |
| CN114480756A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Coal gas heating method for iron-making blast furnace |
| CN115786615A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-14 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Hydrogen-carbon-rich circulating blast furnace matched gas heating furnace |
-
2023
- 2023-03-22 CN CN202310284202.2A patent/CN116334333A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2672078Y (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-01-19 | 高国纯 | Electric duster for blast furnace gas purifying |
| CN203530350U (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-04-09 | 陕西钢铁集团有限公司 | Blast furnace gas pipeline leakage protective device |
| CN104342527A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-02-11 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for diluting coke oven gas firing by using nitrogen |
| CN114317853A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-12 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Based on 2500m3Heating method for high-temperature gas by carbon circulation injection of blast furnace gas |
| CN114480756A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Coal gas heating method for iron-making blast furnace |
| CN115786615A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-14 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Hydrogen-carbon-rich circulating blast furnace matched gas heating furnace |
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