CN116327449A - Bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and integrated manufacturing method - Google Patents
Bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and integrated manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116327449A CN116327449A CN202211608959.4A CN202211608959A CN116327449A CN 116327449 A CN116327449 A CN 116327449A CN 202211608959 A CN202211608959 A CN 202211608959A CN 116327449 A CN116327449 A CN 116327449A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated design and manufacturing technology of a bone cartilage bionic gradient stent. The invention comprises a functionally graded integrated bone cartilage bionic gradient scaffold, a transition structure for realizing graded transition of hard bone cartilage tissues and a bionic cartilage forming and post-treatment method; the integrated bone cartilage bionic gradient bracket is a porous interconnection ceramic structure which can be manufactured by integrated material addition, the transition structure is a special structure for firmly connecting hard bones and cartilages, the formation of the bionic cartilage and the post-treatment method thereof are that the 3D printing is carried out on the obtained bone bracket so as to form the bionic cartilage, thereby improving the intensity of cartilage layers and preventing cartilage damage caused by joint friction; the bone cartilage bionic scaffold structure provided by the invention has effective functional grading to imitate natural bone cartilage tissue, is beneficial to preventing stress shielding, and can be manufactured in an integrated manner by using a 3D material-increasing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bone defect repair, in particular to a bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and an integrated manufacturing method.
Background
Bone defects refer to bone loss due to trauma, infection, tumors, and the like, thereby forming a larger gap. Although bone tissue has a strong regeneration ability in a certain range, it is difficult to perform self-repair when the bone tissue defect exceeds 30 mm. Bone defects are clinically high in incidence, and tens of millions of bone defect patients are caused by serious wounds, fracture combined infections, improper post-fracture treatment, bone tumors or other complications every year worldwide.
Bone defects are generally mainly treated by surgery, and common methods include autologous bone grafting, artificial bone grafting and the like. As a common method for treating bone defects, autologous bone grafting has the advantages of no rejection reaction, no pollution, low material cost, complete absorption, bone reconstruction induction and the like. However, there are some significant disadvantages in that if the amount of bone to be harvested is small, it is necessary to increase the bone harvesting site, anesthesia and surgery time are increased, and the probability of complications is relatively high, and the bone harvesting site may have pain or discomfort for up to half a year or more. Considering the feasibility of artificial bone grafting and its optimization has become an important research direction in view of the limitations of autologous bone grafting.
Bone tissue engineering for artificial bone grafting is a very potential research direction. The bone tissue engineering refers to that the isolated autologous high-concentration osteoblasts, bone marrow stromal cells or chondrocytes are planted on a natural or artificial cell bracket or extracellular matrix which has good biocompatibility and can be gradually degraded and absorbed by human body after in vitro culture and amplification, the biological material bracket can provide living three-dimensional space for the cells, is favorable for the cells to obtain enough nutrient substances, carries out gas exchange, eliminates waste materials, enables the cells to grow on the three-dimensional bracket with prefabricated forms, then the cell hybridization material is planted on a bone defect part, and the planted bone cells are continuously proliferated while the biological material is gradually degraded, thereby achieving the aim of repairing bone tissue defects.
In bone tissue engineering, the design and manufacture of bone scaffolds have been a problem. Bone scaffolds not only require good biocompatibility to promote natural growth of bone tissue, but also require similar strength to natural bone tissue to avoid stress shielding. Good biocompatibility requires a considerable specific surface area, which can be achieved by a porous structure. However, in order to achieve the strength corresponding to the natural bone tissue, the designed bone scaffold is required to be functionally graded in strength.
The functional grading of the bone scaffold may be achieved by structural transitions using the same material or by a combination of different materials. Currently, in the aspect of splicing different materials to form a functionally graded bone scaffold, a method of separately manufacturing and then assembling different graded parts is mostly used. The method is complex to operate, and the problems of unstable structural connection, stent falling and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a bone cartilage bionic gradient stent which is simple to operate and firm in structure and is not easy to fall off and an integrated manufacturing method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical method that: comprises the following steps of the method,
s1, printing a hard bone bracket similar to natural hard bone tissue by using a 3D printing technology, and printing a cartilage mould bracket on one side of the hard bone bracket along the length direction of the hard bone bracket;
s2, immersing the cartilage mould bracket into a high polymer solution to enable the high polymer material to be fully attached to the cartilage mould bracket, and solidifying to form a cartilage layer;
and S3, repeating the step S2 for a plurality of times, and continuously increasing the thickness of the cartilage layer until the required thickness is obtained.
Further, in the step S1, a transition layer is 3D printed at the connection between the hard bone scaffold and the cartilage mold scaffold; the transition layer is a thin plate structure with a plurality of conical holes; the conical hole penetrates through the transition layer;
in the step S2, when the cartilage mould scaffold is immersed in a polymer solution, the transition layer is also immersed in the polymer solution; the macromolecule solution is filled in the conical holes, and after solidification, the macromolecule solution plays a role in connecting a cartilage layer and a cartilage layer.
Further, the transition layer comprises an upper butt joint surface connected with the cartilage mould bracket and a lower butt joint surface connected with the hard bone bracket; the bottom surface of the tapered hole faces the lower bottom surface.
Further, the conical hole is provided with an adjustable aperture, and the side surface of the inner wall of the conical hole is provided with saw-tooth-shaped protrusions.
Further, after the step S3, the cartilage layer is subjected to a compression treatment, and the cartilage mold scaffold is crushed without damaging the cartilage layer by utilizing the difference in compressibility between the polymer and the ceramic.
Further, the hard bone scaffold is an internally interconnected porous ceramic structure.
Further, the cartilage mould support is of an internally-interconnected porous ceramic structure;
the thickness of the cartilage mould bracket is smaller than that of the hard bone bracket; the cartilage mold scaffold has a higher porosity than the hard bone scaffold.
Further, the permeability of the transition layer is changed by adjusting the opening size of the conical hole, so that the material exchange between the cartilage layer and the cartilage layer is controlled.
The invention also discloses a bone cartilage bionic gradient stent, which is prepared according to the integrated manufacturing method of the bone cartilage bionic gradient stent.
The beneficial effects are that:
compared with the prior art, the invention can print the bone cartilage bionic gradient stent on one machine at a time by adopting a 3D printing technology, and solves a series of problems in the method. The invention can realize the trans-mechanical scale bionic of cartilage and hard bone for the manufacture and treatment of the bone scaffold part, improves the hardness of the cartilage surface while guaranteeing the structural strength of the cartilage, and can effectively avoid cartilage damage caused by friction between the bionic cartilage structure and natural cartilage tissues.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a transition layer of the osteochondral bionic gradient scaffold according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a transition layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the use state of the osteochondral bionic gradient scaffold according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing the osteochondral bionic gradient scaffold of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cartilage mold scaffold of the present invention in an unbroken configuration;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cartilage mold scaffold of the present invention after fracture.
Wherein, the cartilage matrix comprises a 1-cartilage layer, a 2-cartilage layer, a 3-transition layer, a 4-taper hole, a 5-cartilage matrix support, a 6-hard bone support, a 7-polymer substance, an 8-polymer solution, a 9-broken cartilage matrix support and a 10-bone tissue defect part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent of the present invention is used to fill a bone tissue defect site 10. The structure is mainly composed of a cartilage layer 1 and a cartilage layer 2, and the cartilage layer 1 and the cartilage layer 2 can be made of the same or different materials for functional grading. The bionic cartilage and the cartilage layers are connected and embedded through a transition structure, the structure is a transition structure 3 shown in fig. 2, and a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the transition layer 3 is directly connected with the cartilage mould support 5 and the hard bone support 6 by integral 3D printing, including an upper bottom surface 41 connected with the cartilage mould support 5 and a lower bottom surface 42 connected with the hard bone support 6; the bottom surface of the tapered bore 4 is located at the lower bottom surface 42. The transition layer 3 is provided with a connectivity taper hole 4; the side surface 43 of the inner wall of the conical hole 4 is provided with saw-tooth-shaped bulges. The tapered hole 4 is provided with a cured polymer 7.
Wherein, the macromolecule solution can adopt hydrogel or polycaprolactone.
If the cartilage layer 1 and the cartilage layer 2 are made of different materials, the bone scaffold is printed by using a multi-material 3d printing device; when printing proceeds to the transition layer 3, printing is alternated to complete the transition of the two materials. The transition does not need to consider the problem of viscosity between two materials, because the cartilage layer 1 structure only exists as a cartilage mould support in bionic cartilage manufacture, and the transition layer 3 really plays a role in transition of soft and hard bones after the bionic cartilage is formed.
The bionic cartilage layer is formed by adhesion of two different materials. The dark porous structure in the figure is a cartilage mould bracket made by 3d printing equipment, and is used as a substrate to provide guide attachment for polymer materials in the manufacturing process of bionic cartilage, and a light semitransparent layer on the bracket is used as the polymer material of a bionic cartilage main body to bear the main functions of the bionic cartilage.
As shown in FIG. 5, the integrated manufacturing method of the bionic bone cartilage gradient scaffold of the invention needs to prepare an integrated printed bone scaffold and a specific polymer adhesion solution before treatment, then immerse one end of the bionic bone scaffold where a cartilage layer is located in the polymer solution for adhesion curing treatment, and after repeated operation for a plurality of times, the thickness of the cartilage layer is greatly improved, the main constituent material of the bionic cartilage becomes a polymer, and the ceramic cartilage mould scaffold only occupies a small part.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, printing a hard bone bracket 6 similar to natural hard bone tissues by using a 3D printing technology, and printing a cartilage mould bracket 5 on one side of the hard bone bracket 6 along the length direction of the hard bone bracket 6; wherein, at the joint of the hard bone bracket 6 and the cartilage mould bracket 5, a transition layer 3 is printed in 3D; the transition layer 3 is a thin plate structure with connectivity tapered holes 4; wherein, the permeability between the cartilage layer 1 and the cartilage layer 2 can be adjusted by setting the aperture size of the taper hole 4; the permeability of the transition layer is changed by adjusting the opening size of the conical holes 4, so that the material exchange between the cartilage layer and the cartilage layer is controlled, the transmission of nutrient substances between the cartilage layer and the cartilage layer is promoted, and the migration of cells is prevented.
S2, immersing the cartilage mould bracket 5 and the transition layer into a polymer solution 8; the macromolecule solution 8 is fully attached to the cartilage mould bracket 5 and the taper hole 4, and is solidified to form a cartilage layer 1 and a transition layer 3;
and S3, repeating the step S2 for a plurality of times, and continuously increasing the thickness of the cartilage layer 1 until the required thickness is obtained.
S4, compressing the cartilage layer 1, crushing the cartilage mould bracket 5 under the condition of not damaging the cartilage layer 1 by utilizing the compressibility difference between the polymer and the ceramic, and obviously reducing the influence of fragments remained in the bionic cartilage on the bionic cartilage.
As shown in fig. 5-7, the osteochondral mold support 5 is shown before and after crushing, the osteochondral mold support is required to be fixed during treatment, and pressure is applied to one side of the cartilage layer, because the polymer material has better compressibility than the ceramic, the osteochondral mold support 5 can reach fracture strength in advance and is thoroughly crushed and destroyed to form the broken cartilage mold support 9, the broken cartilage mold support 9 remains in the bionic cartilage, but no longer provides support, the mechanical property of the bionic cartilage is determined by the polymer material, and the treatment can effectively reduce the adverse effect of the cartilage mold support on the mechanical property of the bionic cartilage.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An integrated manufacturing method of a bone cartilage bionic gradient scaffold is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of the method,
s1, printing a hard bone bracket (6) similar to natural hard bone tissues by using a 3D printing technology, and printing a cartilage mould bracket (5) on one side of the hard bone bracket (6) along the length direction of the hard bone bracket (6);
s2, immersing the cartilage mould support (5) into a high polymer solution to enable the high polymer material to be fully attached to the cartilage mould support (5) and solidify to form a cartilage layer (1);
and S3, repeating the step S2 for a plurality of times, and continuously increasing the thickness of the cartilage layer (1) until the required thickness is obtained.
2. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, a transition layer (3) is printed on the connection part of the hard bone bracket (6) and the cartilage mould bracket (5) in a 3D mode; the transition layer (3) is a thin plate structure with a plurality of conical holes (4); the conical hole (4) penetrates through the transition layer (3);
in the step S2, when the cartilage mould support (5) is immersed in a polymer solution, the transition layer is also immersed in the polymer solution; the macromolecule solution is filled into the conical holes (4), and after solidification, the macromolecule solution plays a role in connecting a cartilage layer and a cartilage layer.
3. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 1, wherein: the transition layer (3) comprises an upper butt joint surface (41) connected with the cartilage mould bracket (5) and a lower butt joint surface (42) connected with the hard bone bracket (6); the bottom surface of the conical hole (4) faces the lower bottom surface (42).
4. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 3, wherein: the side surface (43) of the inner wall of the conical hole (4) is provided with saw-tooth-shaped bulges.
5. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 3, wherein: after the step S3, the cartilage layer (1) is subjected to a compression treatment, and the cartilage mold scaffold (5) is crushed without damaging the cartilage layer (1) by utilizing the difference in compressibility between polymer and ceramic.
6. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 3, wherein: the hard bone scaffold (6) is an internally interconnected porous ceramic structure.
7. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to claim 6, wherein: the cartilage mould bracket (5) is of a porous ceramic structure with interconnected interiors;
the thickness of the cartilage mould bracket (5) is smaller than that of the hard bone bracket (6); the cartilage mould scaffold (5) has a higher porosity than the hard bone scaffold (6).
8. The integrated manufacturing method of the osteochondral biomimetic gradient stent according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the permeability of the transition layer is changed by adjusting the opening size of the conical hole (4), so that the material exchange between the cartilage layer and the cartilage layer is controlled.
9. A bone cartilage bionic gradient stent, which is characterized in that: the osteocartilage biomimetic gradient stent according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211608959.4A CN116327449A (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and integrated manufacturing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211608959.4A CN116327449A (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and integrated manufacturing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116327449A true CN116327449A (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211608959.4A Pending CN116327449A (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Bone cartilage bionic gradient stent and integrated manufacturing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116327449A (en) |
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- 2022-12-14 CN CN202211608959.4A patent/CN116327449A/en active Pending
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