CN116324123A - 疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116324123A CN116324123A CN202180068496.4A CN202180068496A CN116324123A CN 116324123 A CN116324123 A CN 116324123A CN 202180068496 A CN202180068496 A CN 202180068496A CN 116324123 A CN116324123 A CN 116324123A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrophobically modified
- associative thickener
- modified associative
- thickener polymer
- polymer
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/06—Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
- C08G65/16—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/337—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing other elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本公开的工艺、程序、方法、产品、结果和/或概念(以下统称为“本公开”)一般涉及用于制备反应产物的方法以及包含所述反应产物的水性保护涂料组合物。
背景技术
水溶性聚合物(通常也称为“增稠剂”或“流变改性剂”)作为添加剂广泛用于许多工业水性体系中,以改变体系的流动行为。增稠剂在特定的加工条件和最终使用情况下增加并保持所需水平的粘度。增稠剂可用于,例如,装饰性和保护性涂料、纸涂料、化妆品和个人护理产品、洗涤剂、药品、粘合剂和密封剂、农业制剂和石油钻井液。
增稠剂可以是天然产品,直接来源于天然产品,也可以是人工合成的。天然增稠剂的实例可包括,但不限于:酪蛋白、藻酸盐、黄芪胶、瓜尔胶、黄原胶、刺槐豆胶(locust andbean gum)。天然来源的增稠剂的实例可以包括,但不限于:衍生自纤维素的纤维素醚,诸如羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。这些天然的和天然来源的产物(统称为“天然产物”)的增稠效率各不相同。天然产物的一个缺点是易受微生物影响,因此可能需要向制剂中添加抗微生物剂。合成增稠剂(也称为“缔合型增稠剂”或“缔合型聚合物”)的实例可以包括,但不限于:各种丙烯酸类聚合物、环氧烷聚合物、酰胺聚合物和马来酸酐聚合物。合成增稠剂还可包括非离子合成缔合型增稠剂(NSAT)流变改性剂,诸如疏水改性的乙氧基化氨基甲酸乙酯(HEUR)、疏水改性的聚乙二醇(HmPEG)和疏水改性的聚缩醛-聚醚(HmPAPE)。这些合成增稠剂可以是均聚物或共聚物。这些聚合物中的一些的水解稳定性取决于溶液的pH值,其他聚合物对水性涂料中常见的各种组分敏感。
近年来,合成缔合型增稠剂已用于多种应用,包括粘合剂和个人护理,以及工业应用,诸如建筑、特种涂料、水性涂料和乳胶漆。合成缔合型增稠剂在水性体系中有多种作用。例如,在乳胶漆和水性涂料中,增稠剂可提供改善的稳定性和颜料/增量剂(extender)悬浮,以及改善的流变和应用性能。另外,可以制备具有某些性质的合成缔合型增稠剂,因为它们由基本化学品合成。换言之,合成缔合型增稠剂可以完全地针对所需和/或目标性质进行定制。
已发现,除许多其他性能属性外,根据本发明的新型聚合物和组合物可以提供改善流变性质的重要益处。该聚合物及其组合物可有利地用于各种工业应用,包括涂料。
附图说明
图1描绘了疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的实施方案的各种聚缩水甘油醚组分。
具体实施方式
在详细解释本公开的至少一个实施方案之前,应当理解,本公开在其应用中不限于在以下描述中阐述或在附图中示出的组件或步骤或方法的构造和布置的细节。本公开能够具有其它实施方案或能够以各种方式实践或执行。而且,应当理解,这里使用的措辞和术语是为了描述的目的,而不应当被认为是限制性的。
除非本文另有定义,否则与本公开相关使用的技术术语应具有本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义。此外,除非上下文另有要求,否则单数术语应包括复数,复数术语应包括单数。
说明书中提到的所有专利、公开的专利申请和非专利出版物都表明了本公开所属领域技术人员的技术水平。本申请的任何部分中引用的所有专利、已发表的专利申请和非专利出版物均以引用的方式全部并入本文,如同每个单独的专利或出版物被明确和单独地指示以引用的形式并入本文一样。
根据本公开,本文公开的所有制品和/或方法可以在无需过度实验的情况下制造和执行。虽然已经根据优选的实施方案描述了本公开的制品和方法,但是对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是,在不脱离本公开的概念、精神和范围的情况下,可以对本文所述的制品和/或方法以及方法的步骤或步骤顺序进行变化。对于本领域技术人员显而易见的所有这些类似的替代和修改被认为在本公开的精神、范围和概念内。
如根据本公开所使用的,除非另外指明,否则以下术语应理解为具有以下含义。
当与术语“包含”结合使用时,词语“一(a)”或“一(an)”的使用可以意指“一”,但它也与“一或多”,“至少一”和“一以上”的含义一致。术语“或”的使用用于表示“和/或”,除非明确指示仅在替代方案互斥的情况下指替代方案,尽管本公开支持仅指替代方案和“和/或”的定义。贯穿本申请,术语“约”用于表示值包括量化装置的误差的固有变化、用于确定该值的方法或在研究对象中存在的变化。例如,但不作为限制,当使用术语“约”时,指定值可以变化正或负12%,或11%,或10%,或9%,或8%,或7%,或6%,或5%,或4%,或3%,或2%,或1%。术语“至少一个”的使用应理解为包括一个以及多于一个的任何数量,包括但不限于:1,2,3,4,5,10,15,20,30,40,50,100等。术语“至少一个”可根据其所连接的术语而扩展至100或1000或更多。此外,100/1000的量不被认为是限制性的,因为更低或更高的限制也可以产生令人满意的结果。此外,术语“X、Y和Z中的至少一个”的使用将被理解为包括单独的X、单独的Y和单独的Z,以及X、Y、和Z的任何组合。序数术语(即“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等)的使用仅用于区分两个或更多个项目的目的,并且除非另有说明,并不意味着暗示一个项目相对于另一个项目的任何顺序或次序或重要性或任何添加顺序。
如本文所用,词语“包含”(和任何形式的包含,例如“包含(comprise)”和“包含(comprises)”)、“具有”(和任何形式的具有,例如“具有(have)”和“具有(has)”)、“包括”(和任何形式的包含,例如“包括(includes)”和“包括(include)”)或“含有”(和任何形式的含有,例如“含有(contains)”和“含有(contain)”)是包括性的或开放式的,并且不排除另外的、未列举的要素或方法步骤。如本文所用,术语“或其组合”和“和/或其组合”是指在该术语之前列出的项目的所有排列和组合。例如,“A、B、C或其组合”旨在包括以下各项中的至少一项:A,B,C,AB,AC,BC或ABC,并且如果顺序在特定上下文中是重要的,还有BA,CA,CB,CBA,BCA,ACB,BAC或CAB。继续该示例,明确包括的是包含一个或多个项目或术语的重复的组合,诸如BB,AAA,AAB,BBC,AAABCCCC,CBBAAA,CABABB等。本领域技术人员将理解,除非从上下文中另外显而易见,否则通常对任何组合中的项目或术语的数量没有限制。
出于以下详细描述的目的,除了在任何操作实例中,或在另外指示的情况下,表达例如在说明书和权利要求书中使用的成分的量的数字应理解为在所有情况下由术语“约”修饰。在说明书和所附权利要求中阐述的数值参数是近似值,其可以根据在实施本发明时获得的所需性能而变化。
术语“烷基”是指1至50个碳的饱和线性或支化烃基。
如本文所用,术语“亚烷基(alkylene)”是指具有一个或多个碳-碳双键,1至50个碳原子的不饱和、线性或支化烃基。
如本文所用,术语“炔基(alkylyne)”是指具有一个或多个碳-碳三键,1至50个碳原子的不饱和、线性或支化烃基。
术语“芳基”是指包括碳环和杂环芳族基团的单核或多核芳族烃基团。
术语“单体”是指分子量通常小于或等于约1000道尔顿的分子,其在聚合过程中与一种或多种相同或不同类型的单体化学键合形成聚合物。
术语“聚合物”是指分子量通常为约1000至约500000道尔顿的大分子化合物,其包含一种或多种通过共价化学键连接的单体残基(重复单元)。通过该定义,聚合物涵盖其中单体单元的数目可以从非常少(其更通常可以被称为低聚物)到非常多的化合物。聚合物的非限制性实例包括均聚物和非均聚物诸如共聚物、三元共聚物、四元共聚物和高级类似物。
术语“颜料”是指用于为油漆制剂提供遮盖或颜色的有机或无机材料。术语“增量剂”是指在油漆制剂中用作填料的无机材料。
除非另外指明,本文所用的所有百分比、比率和比例均基于重量。
本公开涉及一种由反应混合物制备的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,该反应混合物包含:
a)具有式(I)结构的聚四氢呋喃:
b)至少一种含活性氢的化合物;
c)偕卤化合物(gem-polyhalide)与碱性氢氧化物;或d)聚缩水甘油醚与碱性氢氧化物;和
e)任选存在的,具有疏水性的化合物
其中m为2至750的整数。
在一些实施方案中,制备疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的方法包括:(1)熔融混合至少一种含活性氢的组分、聚四氢呋喃组分和碱性氢氧化物以形成第一混合物;(2)向第一混合物中加入水以溶解第一熔融碱性氢氧化物以形成第二混合物;(3)使第二混合物与偕卤化合物或磺酸酯反应足够的时间以形成反应产物。在一个非限制性实施方案中,反应产物可以是聚(缩醛-聚醚或缩酮-聚醚)。
在非限制性实施方案中,制备疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的方法还包括步骤(4),使疏水性组分与反应产物反应。在一些非限制性实施方案中,步骤(4)可以重复任何次数,例如1次,或2次,或3次,或4次,或5次,或更多次,其中疏水性组分可以在后续步骤之间变化。
含活性氢的组分可以相同或不同。如果使用两种或多种含活性氢的组分,则其中一种必须是至少双官能的。含活性氢的组分可以是单官能的,其包含OH、SH或NH2的单官能团。含活性氢的组分可以包含OH、SH或NH2中的至少两种官能团。术语“至少双官能”可以包括含双官能、三官能和四官能活性氢的组分。含活性氢的化合物可以由式(II)表示:
D-Xn
(II)
其中X为OH、SH或NH2;D为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族或多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子;以及n为1至4的整数,其中当n为1时,该含活性氢的化合物是'单官能的',当n为2时,该含活性氢的化合物是'双官能的',当n为3时,该含活性氢的化合物是'三官能的',当n为4时,该含活性氢的化合物是'四官能的'。例如,仅作为实例,含单官能活性氢的组分可以是烷氧基化或非烷氧基化醇,其各自可以由式(III)表示:
其中R1为H或烷基(如CH3);p为1至3的整数;q为0至500的整数;R2为含有官能团的线性、支化、取代、未取代的化合物,该官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、烯基、炔、炔基、芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状和脂环族化合物,且其中碳原子的总数为1至30。
取代、支化、饱和、不饱和或环化可以发生在R2的碳1和碳30之间的任何位置。在R2中的碳1至碳30的任何地方可以发现一个或多个含有1至30个碳的支化侧链。一个或多个支化侧链也可以是取代或未取代的烷基、亚烷基、烯基、炔、炔基、芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状或脂环族基团。
含单官能活性氢的组分的实例可以包括但不限于以下醇和该醇的烷氧基化形式:甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、1-丁醇、1-戊醇、1-己醇、1-庚醇、1-辛醇、1-壬醇、1-癸醇、1-十一烷醇、1-十二烷醇、1-十三烷醇、1-十四烷醇、1-十五烷醇、1-十六烷醇、1-十七烷醇、1-十八烷醇、1-十九烷醇、1-二十烷醇、1-二十二烷醇、1-二十三烷醇、1-二十四烷醇、1-二十六烷醇、1-二十七烷醇、1-二十八烷醇、1-二十九烷醇、1-三十烷醇、3-甲基-3-丁烯-1-醇、3-丁烯-1-醇,2-丁醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇、2-乙基-1-戊醇、2,4-二甲基-1-戊醇、2,3-二甲基-1-戊醇、2-丙基-1-戊醇、3-乙基-2-甲基-1-戊醇、2,3,4-三甲基-1-戊醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-1-戊醇、4-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊醇、3-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊醇、2,3-二乙基-1-戊醇、3-乙基-2,4-二甲基-1-戊醇,2,4,4-三甲基-1-戊醇、3-戊醇、2-戊醇、2-甲基-3-戊醇、3-甲基-2-戊醇、4-戊烯-2-醇、3-乙基-2-戊醇、3,4-二甲基-2-戊醇、4-甲基-3-(1-甲基乙基)-2-戊醇、4-甲基-4-戊烯-2-醇、3-甲基-4-戊烯-2-醇、3-甲基-2-戊炔-2-醇、5-己烯-1-炔-醇(5-hexen-1-yn-ol)、1,5-己烷-3-醇、1-庚烯-4-醇、2-甲基-1-己醇、2-乙基-己烯-1-醇、2-甲基-1-庚醇、3-甲基-2-己醇、2-乙基-1-庚醇、4-甲基-3-庚醇、3-甲醇-2-庚醇、2,4-二甲基-1-己醇、2,5-二甲基-1-己醇、2-乙基-1-己醇、3-乙基-2-己醇、2-丁基-1-己醇、2-乙基-4-甲基-1-己醇、3-丙基-2-己醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-1-己醇、2-乙基-3-甲基-1-己醇、2-乙基-5-甲基-1-己醇、3-乙基-2-甲基-1-己醇、4-乙基-2-甲基-2-己醇、4-甲基-2-丙基-1-己醇,5-甲基-2-丙基-1-己醇、4-甲基-2-己醇、4-甲基-3-己醇、2-甲基-3-己醇、5-甲基-3-己醇、3-己醇、5-己烯-3-醇、5-甲基-2-己醇、2,6-二甲基-1-庚醇、2-丙基-1-庚醇、3-乙基-2-庚醇、2,5-二甲基-1-庚醇、2,4-二甲基-1-庚醇、2,3-二甲基-1-庚醇、4-乙基-3-庚醇、2-丁基-1-辛醇、2-甲基-1-辛醇、2-乙基-1-辛醇、5-甲基-4-辛醇、3-甲基-2-辛醇、4-甲基-3-辛醇、4-辛醇、3-辛醇、2,7-二甲基-1-辛醇、5-乙基-4-辛醇、6-乙基-4-辛醇,2-甲基-1-壬醇、2-甲基-5-壬醇、4-甲基-5-壬醇、7-甲基-4-壬醇、7-甲基-5-壬醇、3-壬醇、2-壬醇、2-甲基-1-癸醇、2-癸醇,5-癸醇、6-乙基-4-癸醇、2-乙基-1-十一烷醇、2-丙基-1-十一烷醇、2-丁基-1-十一烷醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-1-十一烷醇、2-(2-甲基丙基)-1-十一烷醇、2-庚基-1-十一烷醇、2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1-十一烷醇、2-(2-丙烯-1-基)-1-十一烷醇、8-甲基-4-十一烷醇、3-乙基-2-十二烷醇、2-丙基-1-十二烷醇、2-乙基-1-十二烷醇、2-丁基-1-十二烷醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-1-十二烷醇、2-(2-甲基丙基)-1-十二烷醇、2-己基-1-十二烷醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-2-十二烷醇、4-十二烷醇、5-十二烷醇、6-十二烷醇、2-辛基-1-十二烷醇、2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1-十二烷醇、3-(1-甲基乙基)-2-十三烷醇、2-壬基-1-十三烷醇、4-十三烷醇、5-十三烷醇、6-十三烷醇、7-十三烷醇、2-乙基-1-十四烷醇、2-丙基-1-十四烷醇、2-(1-甲基乙基)-1-十四烷醇、2-辛基-1-十四烷醇,2-(2-甲基丙基)-1-十四烷醇、2-十二烷基-1-十四烷醇、2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1-十四烷醇、2-癸基-1-十四烷醇、3-(1-甲基乙基)-2-十五烷醇、3-乙基-2-戊烷癸醇(3-ethyl-2-pentanedecanol)、聚(乙二醇)甲醚、环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷共聚物单丁醚、聚亚烷基二醇单乙烯基醚、聚乙二醇单烯丙基醚、三苯乙烯基苯酚聚乙二醇醚、2,3-二-1-萘基苯酚、2,6-双(1-苯基乙基)苯酚、2,4,6-三(1-苯基乙基)-苯酚、2-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚、2-(2-苯基乙基)苯酚、2,6-双(1-甲基-4-苯基乙基)苯酚、2,4-双(苯基甲基)苯酚、3-(苯基甲基)苯酚、(1,1'-联苯基)-2-醇、2,4,6三(苯基甲基)苯酚、2-(苯基甲基)苯酚、5'-苯基-(1,1’:3’,1”-三联苯)-2'-醇、2,4-双(1-苯基乙基)-苯酚、(1,1’:3’,1”-三联苯)-4'-醇、2,4,6-三(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚、2-(1-苯基甲基)苯酚、2,4-双(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚、2,6-双(苯基甲基)-苯酚,4-(苯基甲基)-苯酚、4-(1-苯基乙基)苯酚和3-(1-甲基-4-苯基乙基)苯酚。
仅作为实例,含至少双官能活性氢的组分可各自由式(V)表示:
其中X为OH、SH或NH2;且q为0至500的整数。例如,但不作为限制,含至少双官能活性氢的组分可包括二元醇、多元醇或聚醚胺。
二元醇可以是聚乙二醇。聚乙二醇的实例可以包括但不限于可商购自Clariant的商业产品,诸如Polyethylene Glycol 200、Polyethylene Glycol 300、PolyethyleneGlycol 400、Polyethylene Glycol 600、Polyethylene Glycol 1000、PolyethyleneGlycol 1500、Polyethylene Glycol 3350、Polyethylene Glycol 4000、PolyethyleneGlycol 6000、Polyethylene Glycol 8000;以及Polyglykol 400、Polyglykol 600、Polyglykol 4000S、Polyglykol 8000S、Polyglykol 9000S、Polyglykol 20000S、Polyglykol 35000S。
其它二元醇可以包括但不限于氨基乙基聚乙二醇,诸如O-(2-氨基乙基)聚乙二醇3000和O-(2-氨乙基)聚乙二醇5000。
多元醇是具有三个或更多个羟基的化合物。本公开中使用的多元醇的实例可以包括但不限于:VoranolTMTriol Polyether Polyols(可商购自DowDuPont Inc.);甘油引发的环氧乙烷三官能多元醇,包括G31-28 Polyol、G31-35 Polyol和G31-43 Polyol(可商购自Huntsman Corporation);以及季戊四醇引发的环氧乙烷四官能多元醇。
疏水性组分可以是单官能的。例如,仅作为实例,疏水性组分可各自独立地为烷基卤化物、磺酸酯或单环氧化物。在一个非限制性实施方案中,疏水性组分可以是由式(VI)表示的具有环氧化物官能团的单官能疏水性化合物:
其中AA为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族和多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子。单环氧化合物的实例可以包括,但不限于:烯丙基缩水甘油醚(AGE)、2-乙基己基缩水甘油基醚(EHGE)、十六烷基缩水甘油醚(HAGE-13,可商购自Sachem)、环氧乙烷[(二十二烷氧基),甲基](HAGE-22,可商购自Sachem)、萘基缩水甘油醚(NGE)、正丁基缩水甘油醚(n-BGE)、异丁基缩水甘油醚(iso-BGE)、和CarduraTME10P缩水甘油醚、 Ultra LITE 513(基于腰果壳液(cashew nutshell liquid)技术的缩水甘油醚)以及VersaticTMacid 10的缩水甘油酯(Hexion)。
在另一个非限制性实施方案中,疏水性组分可以包含由式(VII)表示的Br、Cl、I或F的单官能团:
Z-G
(VII)
其中Z为Br、Cl、I或F;且G为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族或多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子。烷基卤化物的实例可以包括,但不限于:1-溴丁烷、1-溴戊烷、1-溴己烷、1-溴庚烷、1-溴辛烷、1-溴壬烷、1-溴癸烷、1-溴十一烷、1-溴十二烷、1-溴十三烷、1-溴十四烷、1-溴十五烷、1-溴十六烷、1-溴十七烷、1-溴十八烷、1-溴十九烷、1-溴二十烷、1-溴二十一烷和1-溴二十二烷。
在另一个非限制性实施方案中,单官能疏水性组分可各自独立地为磺酸酯。
在某些非限制性实施方案中,疏水性组分可包含含活性氢的组分。例如,仅作为实例,疏水性组分可独立地包含含活性氢的组分,其可以是取代或未取代的、和/或纯的或混合切割的(mixed cut)烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族或多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子。这种包含含活性氢组分的疏水性组分的非限制性实例可包括如上所述的那些疏水性组分,也可包括三苯乙烯基苯酚-聚乙二醇醚(可商购自Clariant的Emulsogen TS100);C12乙氧基化物(可商购自Sasol的Novel 12-10乙氧基化物);C16乙氧基化物(可商购自Sasol的Novel 16-10乙氧基化物);C16乙氧基化物(可商购自Oxiteno的Alkonat C 200);C16/C18乙氧基化物(可商购自Clariant的Genapol O100);C18乙氧基化物(可商购自Clariant的Genapol HS200或可商购自Sasol的Novel 18-20乙氧基化物);C22乙氧基化物(可商购自Sasol的Novel 22-25乙氧基化物),以及GX-5170(基于腰果壳液技术的乙氧基化物表面活性剂)。
当疏水性组分包含含活性氢的组分时,疏水性组分的实例还可以包括但不限于聚乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、醇、胺和硫醇。聚乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯的实例可包括Genangen M5000 MA,其可商购自Clariant。胺的实例可以包括但不限于丁胺、戊胺、己胺、庚胺、辛胺、壬胺、癸胺、十二烷胺、十三烷胺、十四烷胺、十五烷胺、十六烷胺、十七烷胺、十八烷胺和十九烷胺。硫醇的实例可以包括但不限于1-辛硫醇、1-癸硫醇、1-十二硫醇、1-十六硫醇和1-十八硫醇。
偕卤化合物可以是至少双官能的,包含Br、Cl、I或F的至少两个官能团。术语“至少双官能的”可以包括双官能、三官能和四官能疏水性组分。偕卤化合物的实例可以包括但不限于二溴甲烷、四溴季戊四醇和1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯。
在一个非限制性实施方案中,偕卤化合物选自二溴甲烷、二氯甲烷、1,1-二氯甲苯、1,1-二氯乙烷和1,1-二溴乙烷、季戊四醇四溴化物(pentaerythrityl tetrabromide)、1,3-二溴-2-(溴甲基)-2-甲基丙烷、1,3-二氯-2-(氯甲基)-2-甲基丙烷、2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氯丙烷、1,3二溴-2,2-二甲基丙烷、1,3-二溴-2-(溴甲基)-丙烷、1,3,5-三(氯甲基)苯、对二甲苯二溴化物、季戊四醇四氯化物、季戊四醇四溴化物、1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯、1-(溴甲基)-4-(氯甲基)-苯、1,3-二氯-2-(氯甲基)丙烷。
在另一个非限制性实施方案中,偕卤化合物可以用衍生自二元醇或多元醇的磺酸酯代替。
在一些实施方案中,制备疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的方法包括:(1)熔融混合至少一种含活性氢的组分、PTHF组分和碱性氢氧化物以形成第一混合物;(2)向第一混合物中添加水以溶解第一熔融碱性氢氧化物以形成第二混合物;(3)使第二混合物与聚缩水甘油醚化合物反应足够的时间以形成反应产物。
在非限制性实施方案中,该方法还包括步骤(4),使疏水性组分与反应产物反应。在一些非限制性实施方案中,步骤(4)可以重复任何次数,例如1次,或2次,或3次,或4次,或5次,或更多次,其中疏水性组分可以在后续步骤之间变化。
含活性氢的组分和疏水性组分已经在前面描述过。
聚缩水甘油醚选自式(VIII)的双官能、三官能和四官能聚缩水甘油醚:
其中A为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族或多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子;且s为2至4的整数,其中当s为2时,聚缩水甘油醚为'双官能的',当s为3时,聚缩水甘油醚为'三官能的',当s为4时,聚缩水甘油醚为'四官能的'。
聚缩水甘油醚的非限制性实例由式(IX)表示:
其中R1为H或甲基,t为1至500的整数。
聚缩水甘油醚组分的非限制性实例可以包括但不限于图1中的实例。
本公开还涉及包含前述疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的水性保护涂料组合物。该水性保护涂料组合物可进一步包含基本上不溶于水的聚合物,诸如乳胶聚合物或其他类型的聚合物分散体。乳胶聚合物可以通过各种烯属不饱和单体(诸如乙烯、乙烯基和丙烯酸单体)的聚合制备。通常,乳胶聚合物通过共聚一种以上的单体来制备,以实现几种所需的性能,特别是对于在具有极少或没有挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的乳胶漆中的应用。
用于水性保护涂料组合物中的乳胶聚合物的实例可以包括但不限于乙酸乙烯酯、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、苯乙烯、乙烯、氯乙烯、叔碳酸乙烯酯(vinyl ester of versatic acid,VeoVa)、丙酸乙烯酯、丁二烯、丙烯腈、马来酸酯和富马酸酯的均聚物或共聚物。在一个非限制性实施方案中,乳胶聚合物选自丙烯酸类、乙烯基-丙烯酸类、苯乙烯-丙烯酸类和乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(VAE)。
其它类型的聚合物分散体包括但不限于通常通过缩合或加成聚合(通常在本体中或在溶剂存在下)制备的那些。然后将聚合物分散在水中并基本上除去溶剂。在水中的分散通常通过聚合物主链上的非离子或阴离子官能团和/或通过添加表面活性剂来辅助。此类聚合物的实例为环氧树脂、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺脲醛树脂、硅酮、丙烯酸树脂等。
可添加的其他类型的聚合物可以包括但不限于纤维素(硝酸纤维素和纤维素酯)、香豆酮-茚、烃树脂、天然树脂、油性树脂、松香、萜烯等。
水性保护涂料组合物可进一步包含颜料/增量剂、聚结剂、溶剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、消光剂、分散剂、增稠剂、抗微生物剂、防霉剂和表面活性剂。水性保护涂料组合物可以任选地包含其它组分,诸如通常用于涂料中的那些。典型的组分包括,但不限于:填料、整平剂、增塑剂、稳定剂、增粘剂、悬浮剂、流量控制剂、防结皮剂、增量剂、成膜助剂、交联剂、表面改进剂、缓蚀剂、防污剂、流平助剂、保湿剂/湿边剂(例如乙二醇、丙二醇和己二醇)、pH调节剂及它们的组合。
颜料/增量剂用于提供遮盖性、颜色和作为填料。颜料/增量剂的具体实例可以包括,但不限于:咔唑二噁嗪粗颜料;单偶氮颜料(乙酰乙酰芳胺(acetoacetarylide)、苯并咪唑酮、萘酚AS、着色的b-萘酚染料)、双偶氮颜料(偶氮缩合颜料、二吡唑啉酮)、多环颜料(喹吖啶酮、二噁嗪、二萘嵌苯、吡咯并吡咯二酮(diketopyrrolopyrrole)、异吲哚啉)和金属络合物颜料(铜酞菁);异吲哚啉酮;异吲哚啉;多环酞菁;喹吖啶酮;二萘嵌苯;芘酮(perinone);吡咯并吡咯二酮(diketopyrrolo pyrrole);硫靛;蒽醌;阴丹酮;蒽素嘧啶(anthrapyrimidine);黄烷士酮;皮蒽酮;蒽嵌蒽酮;二噁嗪;三芳基正碳离子(triarylcarbonium);喹酞酮颜料;吡咯并吡咯二酮红(“DPPBO红”);二氧化钛;碳黑;硫酸钡;硅酸钙;氧化锌;硅酸铝镁;沉淀碳酸钙;重质碳酸钙;高岭土;滑石;粘土;硫酸钡;玻璃珠;硫酸钙;硫酸钡;硫化锌;碳酸锌;缎光白(satin white);硅酸铝;硅藻土;硅酸镁;合成无定形二氧化硅;胶体二氧化硅;胶体氧化铝;气相氧化铝;气相二氧化硅;拟薄水铝石;氢氧化铝,氧化铝;改性氧化铝;云母;锌钡白;沸石;水埃洛石;碳酸镁;氢氧化镁;灯黑;黑色氧化铁;霞石正长岩(nepeline syenite);红色氧化铁;黄色氧化铁;棕色氧化铁(红色和黄色氧化物与黑色的共混物);酞菁绿;酞菁蓝;有机红(诸如萘酚红、喹吖啶酮红和甲苯胺红(toulidine red));喹吖啶酮品红,喹吖啶酮紫;DNA橙;和/或有机黄(例如汉萨黄)。通常,用于水性保护涂料组合物的二氧化钛等级用各种无机氧化物(诸如硅酸盐、铝酸盐和锆酸盐)进行表面改性。
用于本公开的水性保护涂料组合物中的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的量为有效地为涂料组合物提供所需增稠和流变性质的量。在一个非限制性实施方案中,反应产物的使用范围可为总水性保护组合物的约0.05至约10重量%、0.05至约5重量%、或约0.05至约4重量%、或0.05至约3重量%、或0.2至约4重量%、或约0.2至约3重量%、或1至约4重量%、或约1至约3重量%或约1至约2重量%。
以下实施例说明本公开,除非另有说明,份数和百分比以重量计。提供各实施例是为了说明本公开,而非限制本公开。事实上,对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可以在本公开中进行各种修改和变化。例如,作为一个实施方案的一部分示出或描述的特征可用于另一实施方案,以产生又一实施方案。因此,本公开旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求及其等同物的范围内的修改和变化。
实施例
实施例1-4描述了聚合物A-G的合成。
在实施例中,使用以下缩写:
Mn:数均分子量
Mw:重均分子量
Mz:Z均分子量
PTHF:聚四氢呋喃
NaOH:氢氧化钠
C12Br:1-溴十二烷
C16 EO:C16乙氧基化物~10摩尔EO
DGE PEG1:Mn约为500的聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(可获自Sigma Aldrich)
BHT:丁化羟基甲苯
PTHF1:BASF聚四氢呋喃,Mn约为1810;Mw约为2830
PEG1:聚乙二醇,Mn约为8500;Mw约为8860
PEG2:聚乙二醇,Mn约为8010;Mw约为8330
PEG3:聚乙二醇,Mn约为7620;Mw约为8140
实施例1:聚合物A和B的合成
向反应器中加入PEG(任选地)、PTHF和NaOH。将反应器的内容物在29英寸Hg的真空下混合时间1,同时将温度升高至温度1。关闭真空并加入水。将反应器的内容物在温度1下混合时间2。在温度1下一次性加入DBM,并将反应器的内容物混合时间3。在时间3结束时,将反应器的内容物排出并冷却至20-25℃,得到固体聚合物A和B。表1列出了试剂的量,表2列出了制备聚合物A和B所需的反应条件。
表1
表2
实施例2:聚合物C-E的合成
向反应器中加入PEG、PTHF和NaOH。将反应器的内容物在29英寸Hg的真空下混合时间1,同时将温度升高至温度1。关闭真空并加入水。将反应器的内容物在温度1下混合时间2。在温度1下一次性加入DBM,并将反应器的内容物混合时间3。在时间3结束时,温度升至温度2。当温度升至温度3时,一次性加入烷基卤化物。一旦达到温度3,将反应器的内容物混合时间4。对于聚合物C、D和E,将反应器的内容物在温度3下在29英寸Hg的真空下混合时间5。将反应器的内容物排出并冷却至20-25℃,得到固体聚合物C、D和E。表3列出了试剂的量,表4列出了制备聚合物C、D和E所需的反应条件。
表3
聚合物 | PEG类型 | PEG(g) | PTHF类型 | PTHF(g) | 水(g) | NaOH(g) | DBM(g) | C12Br(g) |
C | PEG2 | 1325.00 | PTHF1 | 25.00 | 2.07 | 40.16 | 20.00 | 86.00 |
D | PEG3 | 1195.15 | PTHF1 | 45.10 | 1.97 | 38.16 | 19.12 | 80.82 |
E | PEG3 | 1195.15 | PTHF1 | 90.00 | 2.40 | 46.30 | 18.28 | 99.50 |
表4
实施例3:聚合物F和G的合成
向反应器中加入PEG、PTHF和NaOH。将反应器的内容物在29英寸Hg的真空下混合时间1,同时将温度升高至温度1。在温度1下,将反应器的内容物在29英寸Hg的真空下保持时间2。关闭真空并加入BHT。使反应器的内容物经受氮气加压(至~5-10磅),随后经受真空(不超过20英寸Hg)使反应器的内容物呈惰性。加入水并将反应器的内容物混合时间3。在时间4内加入DGE PEG1。在时间4结束时,将温度升至温度2。一旦达到温度2,加入烷基卤化物并将反应器的内容物混合时间5。将反应器的内容物排出并冷却至20-25℃,得到固体聚合物F和G。表5列出了试剂的量,表6列出了制备聚合物F和G所需的反应条件。
表5
表6
聚合物表征
实施例1、2和3的聚合物通过SEC表征。
SEC测量
SEC用于测量聚合物分子量分布。使用Waters HPLC System and EmpowerTMChromatography Data System(商购自Waters Corporation(Milford,MA))来测量分子量。如本文中关于聚合物所使用的,术语分子量、平均分子量、均分子量和表观分子量是指由SEC测量的单个大分子的分子量的算术平均值。根据具有窄分子量分布的聚乙二醇/环氧乙烷(PEG/PEO)标准,计算SEC的相对分子量平均值。
仪器设置——设置中的所有Waters模块包括:
Waters M515溶剂递送系统
Waters M2707自动进样器
Waters M2414示差折光率检测器(DRI),用于相对SEC
柱库-详见下文“分析条件”部分
Waters EmpowerTM 3软件
RI范围1.00至1.75RIU
测量范围7x 10-7RIU
漂移-2x 10-7RIU
SEC的分析条件描述如下:
流动相-70%甲醇/30%0.6M乙酸锂(pH4.8)(w/w)
流速-0.5ml/mi
柱-1根Shodex KW-804Protein柱(8mm×300mm)+1根Shodex KW-803Protein柱(8mm×300mm)串联(Showa Denko America,Inc.,420Lexington Avenue,Suite 2335A,NewYork,NY 10170,USA)
柱温40℃
DRI(示差折射率)检测器温度40℃
校准-具有窄分子量分布的PEO/PEG标准物(Agilent,Inc.2850Centerville RoadWilmington,De.19808-1610)
样品浓度-通常为1.5mg/ml(除非另有说明)-直接溶于流动相中
进样量-100μl
聚合物分析数据
聚合物A-G的分析数据列于表7中。
表7
聚合物溶液数据
通过将固体聚合物A-G溶解在水中制备含有15.00或20.00重量%固体聚合物的水溶液。将聚合物溶液A1、B1、C1、D1、E1、F1和G1用乙酸中和。0.10%的Vantocil抗微生物剂(购自Lonza Group)和0.02%的Biosperse CN7539抗微生物剂(购自Solenis)以及0.04%的Sag*47泡沫控制剂(购自Momentive Performance Materials)加入到各聚合物溶液中。添加可商购自Wacker Fine Chemicals的β-环糊精(也称为W7)作为聚合物溶液C1、D1和E1的粘度抑制剂。添加可商购自Wacker Fine Chemicals的甲基β环糊精(也称为W7M TL)作为聚合物溶液F1和G1的粘度抑制剂。使用具有LV转子#4(S64)的布氏粘度计在25℃下测量具有20.00重量%固体聚合物的聚合物溶液的粘度。表8列出了针对聚合物溶液描述的成分的量及其布氏粘度(Brookfield viscosity)。
表8
油漆应用数据总结
底漆制备
通过混合表9A中给出的研磨制剂和表9B中给出的调稀(letdown)制剂制备半光泽底漆制剂。在调漆(let-down)阶段,低剪切聚合物溶液、高剪切聚合物溶液和水被保留(withheld)。
表9A
表9B
成分 | 原料 | 磅 | 加仑 | 密度(磅/加仑) |
11 | Rhoplex VSR 1050 | 500.00 | 56.56 | 8.84 |
12 | Optifilm Enhancer 400 | 8.00 | 0.99 | 8.07 |
13 | Drewplus T-4304 | 2.00 | 0.25 | 7.93 |
14 | Polyphase 678 | 3.00 | 0.31 | 9.68 |
(保留) | 水 | (83.95) | 10.08 | 8.33 |
(保留) | 高剪切聚合物溶液 | (24.00) | 2.77 | 8.66 |
(保留) | 低剪切聚合物溶液 | 5.00 | 0.57 | 8.70 |
NuoseptTM 498G:1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮,购自Ashland Inc.
Tamol TM 731A:马来酸酐共聚物钠盐,购自The Dow Chemical CompanyDextrolOC-180HS:磷酸酯表面活性剂,来自Ashland Inc.
DrewplusTM T-4304:消泡剂,购自Ashland Inc.
StrodexTM PK-95G:脂肪族醇磷酸系酯(coester)的中和形式,购自Ashland Inc.
Ti-Pure R-706:二氧化钛,购自Chemours company
Min-U-Gel 400:凹凸棒石矿物,来自Active Minerals International LLC.
Rhoplex VSR1050:丙烯酸胶乳,来自Dow Chemicals
OptifilmTM Enhancer 400:一种聚结剂,购自Eastman ChemicalCompanyPolyphase 678:水基杀真菌剂,来自Troy Corporation
增稠效率测量
聚合物溶液实施例在油漆中的增稠效率以两种剂量水平测量:0.09重量%和0.54重量%。如下所述测量布氏粘度、斯氏粘度(Stormer viscosity)(KU)和ICI粘度。布氏粘度是使用具有#5转子的布氏粘度计在25℃下以30rpm测量的。其以mPa.s表示。斯氏粘度是根据标准测试方法ASTM D562使用斯氏粘度计在25℃下测量的。其以Kreb单位(KU)表示。ICI粘度是根据标准测试方法ASTM D4287使用ICI锥板式粘度计测量的。其以mPa·s表示。在0.09重量%和0.54重量%下的增稠效率测量值提供于表10中。
表10
Claims (36)
2.如权利要求1所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中m为5至250的整数。
3.如权利要求1至2所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述聚四氢呋喃的存在量为所述混合物的约1重量%至99.9重量%。
4.如权利要求1至3所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述含活性氢的化合物选自式(II)的含活性氢的化合物:
D-Xn
(II)
其中X为OH、SH或NH2;D为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂族、脂环族和多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子;且n为1至4的整数。
7.如权利要求6所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述含单官能活性氢的化合物为甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、1-丁醇、1-戊醇、1-己醇、1-庚醇、1-辛醇、1-壬醇、1-癸醇、1-十一烷醇、1-十二烷醇、1-十三烷醇、1-十四烷醇、1-十五烷醇、1-十六烷醇、1-十七烷醇、1-十八烷醇、1-十九烷醇、1-二十烷醇、1-二十一烷醇、1-二十二烷醇、三苯乙烯基苯酚、壬基苯酚、辛基苯酚、以及衍生自所列醇的乙氧基化物。
9.如权利要求8所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述含双官能活性氢的化合物选自二元醇、多元醇或聚醚胺。
10.如权利要求9所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述二元醇选自聚乙二醇和氨基乙基聚乙二醇。
11.如权利要求9所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述多元醇选自聚醚多元醇、甘油引发的环氧乙烷三官能多元醇、季戊四醇引发的环氧乙烷四官能多元醇、聚酯多元醇和聚氨基醚。
12.如权利要求9所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述聚醚胺为二羟基聚醚胺。
13.如权利要求1至12所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述含活性氢的化合物的存在量为约50重量%至约99重量%。
14.如权利要求1至13所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述包含疏水部分的化合物为具有选自以下官能团的包含单官能疏水部分的组分:卤化物、磺酸酯和环氧化物。
16.如权利要求15所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中具有环氧官能团的包含单官能疏水部分的组分选自烯丙基缩水甘油醚(AGE)、2-乙基己基缩水甘油醚(EHGE)、十六烷基缩水甘油醚(HAGE-13)、环氧乙烷[(二十二烷氧基),甲基](HAGE-22)、萘基缩水甘油醚(NGE)、正丁基缩水甘油醚(n-BGE)、异丁基缩水甘油醚(iso-BGE)、E10P缩水甘油醚、基于腰果壳液的缩水甘油醚和CarduraTME10P缩水甘油酯。
17.如权利要求14所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中具有卤化物官能团的包含单官能疏水部分的组分由式(VII)表示:
Z-G
(VII)
其中Z为Br、Cl、I或F;且G为含有官能团的取代或未取代的化合物,所述官能团选自烷基、亚烷基、炔、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基亚烷基、芳基炔、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、环状、脂环族和多环部分,其任选地含有至少一个杂原子。
18.如权利要求17所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述具有卤化物官能团的包含单官能疏水部分的组分选自1-溴丁烷、1-溴戊烷、1-溴己烷、1-溴庚烷、1-溴辛烷、1-溴壬烷、1-溴癸烷、1-溴十一烷、1-溴十二烷、1-溴十三烷、1-溴十四烷、1-溴十五烷、1-溴十六烷、1-溴十七烷、1-溴十八烷、1-溴十九烷、1-溴二十烷、1-溴二十一烷和1-溴二十二烷。
19.如权利要求1至18所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述包含疏水部分的化合物的存在量为约1重量%至约25重量%。
20.如权利要求1至19所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述偕卤化合物选自二溴甲烷、二氯甲烷、1,1-二氯甲苯、1,1-二氯乙烷和1,1-二溴乙烷、季戊四醇四溴化物、1,3-二溴-2-(溴甲基)-2-甲基丙烷、1,3-二氯-2-(氯甲基)-2-甲基丙烷、2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氯丙烷、1,3二溴-2,2-二甲基丙烷、1,3-二溴-2-(溴甲基)-丙烷、1,3,5-三(氯甲基)苯、对二甲苯二溴化物、季戊四醇四氯化物、1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯、1-(溴甲烷)-4-(氯甲基)-苯、1,3-二氯-2-(氯甲基)丙烷、季戊四醇四溴化物和1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯。
21.如权利要求20所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述偕卤化合物的存在量为约0.1重量%至约10.0重量%。
24.如权利要求1至23所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述碱性氢氧化物选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾及它们的组合。
25.如权利要求1至24所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物,其中所述碱性氢氧化物的存在量为约1.0重量%至10.0重量%。
26.一种水性保护涂料组合物,其包含如权利要求1至25所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物。
27.如权利要求26所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其还包含基本上不溶于水的聚合物,例如乳胶聚合物或聚合物分散体。
28.如权利要求27所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其中所述基本上不溶于水的聚合物选自但不限于:乙烯乙酸乙烯酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、乙烯基-丙烯酸树脂、苯乙烯-丙烯酸树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物、环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、叔碳酸乙烯酯(VeoVa)和聚酯。
29.如权利要求26至28所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其还包含颜料/增量剂。
30.如权利要求29所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其中所述颜料/增量剂选自但不限于:有机和无机材料,例如酞菁、氧化铁、二氧化钛、氧化锌、靛蓝、水合氧化铝、硫酸钡、硅酸钙、粘土、二氧化硅、滑石及它们的混合物。
31.如权利要求26至30所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其还包含选自以下的一种或多种:聚结剂、溶剂/共溶剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、消光剂、分散剂、抗微生物剂、防霉剂、二级流变改性剂、触变剂、交联剂、pH调节剂、流动控制剂、光泽控制剂、柔性化树脂、表面活性剂、蜡、润湿剂、分散剂、增塑剂、抗氧化剂、UV辐射吸收剂、抗微生物剂、着色剂、助粘剂、消泡剂、成膜剂、消光剂及它们的组合。
32.如权利要求26至31所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其包含约0.05重量%至约10重量%的如权利要求1至25所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物。
33.如权利要求32所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其包含约0.5重量%至约7重量%的如权利要求1至25所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物。
34.如权利要求26至33任一项所述的水性保护涂料组合物,其中所述水性保护组合物为建筑或工业油漆。
35.一种制备如权利要求1至25所述的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的方法,其包括:
i)向反应器中加入聚四氢呋喃、至少一种含活性氢的化合物和碱性氢氧化物,同时将所述反应器的内容物加热至至少70℃,
ii)将所述反应器的内容物在约29英寸Hg的真空下混合,
iii)向步骤ii)的反应混合物中加入偕卤化合物,并混合所述反应器的内容物,
iv)任选地升高所述反应混合物的温度,
v)任选地加入包含疏水部分的化合物,并进一步混合所述反应器的内容物,
vi)将所述反应器的内容物排出并冷却至20至25℃以获得固体聚合物。
36.一种制备如权利要求1至25的疏水改性的缔合型增稠剂聚合物的方法,其包括:
i)向反应器中加入聚四氢呋喃、至少一种含活性氢的化合物和碱性氢氧化物,同时将所述反应器的内容物加热至至少70℃,
ii)将所述反应器的内容物在约29英寸Hg的真空下混合,
iii)向步骤ii)的反应混合物中加入聚缩水甘油醚,并混合所述反应器的内容物,
iv)任选地升高所述反应混合物的温度,
v)任选地加入包含疏水部分的化合物,并进一步混合所述反应器的内容物,
vi)将所述反应器的内容物排出并冷却至20至25℃以获得固体聚合物。
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