CN116315546A - Design method of surface microprotrusion high-power ferrite circulator - Google Patents

Design method of surface microprotrusion high-power ferrite circulator Download PDF

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CN116315546A
CN116315546A CN202211599915.XA CN202211599915A CN116315546A CN 116315546 A CN116315546 A CN 116315546A CN 202211599915 A CN202211599915 A CN 202211599915A CN 116315546 A CN116315546 A CN 116315546A
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ferrite
protrusions
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circulator
cylindrical
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CN116315546B (en
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李韵
封国宝
刘硕
李亚峰
李小军
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Xian Institute of Space Radio Technology
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
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Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a high-power ferrite circulator with a microprotrusion surface, which comprises the following steps: processing to obtain a metal cavity with a boss; processing a plurality of bulges on the surface of a ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with bulges; ferrite with protrusions is fixed on the boss of the metal cavity. The method of the invention realizes the remarkable improvement of the micro-discharge threshold power of the ferrite circulator on the premise of ensuring the unchanged electrical performance and not additionally increasing the volume and the weight of the microwave component.

Description

一种表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法Design method of a high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface

技术领域technical field

本发明属于航天器微波部件大功率特殊效应技术领域，尤其涉及一种表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power special effects of microwave components of spacecraft, and in particular relates to a design method of a high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface.

背景技术Background technique

微放电是在真空或者气压P较低的近真空环境下(P≤10-3Pa)，自由电子在微波部件内部电磁场作用下与微波部件不断碰撞发生的二次电子发射、倍增、雪崩、放电效应。航天器大功率铁氧体环行器的高微放电风险是影响航天器有效载荷长寿命、高可靠性的关键性因素，也是大功率微波应用下卫星最大的单点失效环节之一。Microdischarge is the secondary electron emission, multiplication, avalanche, and discharge of free electrons colliding with microwave components under the action of the internal electromagnetic field of the microwave component in a vacuum or a near-vacuum environment with low pressure P (P≤10 -3 Pa). effect. The high risk of micro-discharge in high-power ferrite circulators of spacecraft is a key factor affecting the long life and high reliability of spacecraft payloads, and it is also one of the largest single-point failure links of satellites under high-power microwave applications.

现有的大功率铁氧体环行器微放电抑制方法主要包括优化结构设计和表面处理两大类。优化结构设计包括增大体积或者采用异形腔体结构等，往往带来质量、体积的增大，不利于航天工业中对质量和体积最小化的设计要求。表面处理的大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计方法，能够有效抑制微放电阈值。但是表面处理存在工艺要求较高、产生的磁性粉末较难清除、容易引发大功率打火风险。为了进一步减小对工艺的依赖性、大功率下粉尘的影响。Existing microdischarge suppression methods for high-power ferrite circulators mainly include two categories: optimized structure design and surface treatment. Optimal structural design includes increasing the volume or adopting a special-shaped cavity structure, etc., which often leads to an increase in mass and volume, which is not conducive to the design requirements for minimum mass and volume in the aerospace industry. The anti-microdischarge design method of the surface-treated high-power ferrite circulator can effectively suppress the microdischarge threshold. However, the surface treatment has high process requirements, the generated magnetic powder is difficult to remove, and it is easy to cause the risk of high-power ignition. In order to further reduce the dependence on the process and the influence of dust under high power.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的技术解决问题：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法，在保证电性能不变与不额外增加微波部件体积、重量的前提下，实现铁氧体环行器微放电阈值功率的显著提高。The technical problem of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a design method for a high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface. Under the premise of ensuring the same electrical performance and no additional increase in the volume and weight of microwave components, A significant increase in the micro-discharge threshold power of the ferrite circulator is realized.

为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法，包括：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a design method for a high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface, including:

加工得到具有凸台的金属腔体；A metal cavity with a boss is obtained by processing;

在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体；Processing several protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with protrusions;

将具有凸起的铁氧体固定在金属腔体的凸台上。Fix the raised ferrite on the boss of the metal cavity.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，凸起的结构形状为如下形状中的任意一种或多种：圆柱形、方形柱和多边形柱。In the design method of the above-mentioned high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface, the structural shape of the protrusion is any one or more of the following shapes: cylinder, square column and polygonal column.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，当凸起的结构形状为圆柱形时，通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：In the design method of the above-mentioned surface micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator, when the structural shape of the protrusion is cylindrical, several protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a The ferrite:

步骤11，确定圆柱形凸起的初始结构参数：确定圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径的初始值R0、相邻两个圆柱形凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000021
圆柱形凸起的高度的初始值/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000022
其中，R0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，λ表示工作波长；Step 11, determine the initial structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions: determine the initial value R 0 of the circular section radius of the cylindrical protrusions, and the initial value of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent cylindrical protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000021
Initial value for the height of the cylindrical bump />
Figure BDA0003994849480000022
Among them, the value range of R 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10, λ indicates the working wavelength;

Figure BDA0003994849480000023
Figure BDA0003994849480000023

步骤12，按照确定的圆柱形凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出圆柱形凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000024
Step 12, according to the determined initial structural parameters of cylindrical protrusions, process cylindrical protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with cylindrical protrusions that meet the initial structural parameters
Figure BDA0003994849480000024

步骤13，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000025
中随机运动，得到具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000026
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000027
的二次电子发射产额曲线；Step 13, use the Monte Carlo simulation method to calculate the electron flow in the ferrite with cylindrical protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000025
random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with cylindrical protrusions/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000026
The secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrite with cylindrical protrusions determined at normal electron incidence />
Figure BDA0003994849480000027
The secondary electron emission yield curve of ;

步骤14，将具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000028
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000029
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 R；Step 14, place the ferrite with cylindrical bumps
Figure BDA0003994849480000028
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm, and the determination is based on ferrite with cylindrical protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000029
The micro-discharge threshold power P 1 R of the designed ferrite circulator;

步骤15，若P1 R＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000210
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计；其中，P0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率指标；Step 15, if P 1 R >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and ferrite with cylindrical protrusions is used
Figure BDA00039948494800000210
Realize the anti-microdischarge design of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface; among them, P 0 represents the micro-discharge threshold power index of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed;

步骤16，若P1 R≤P0，则调整圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径、相邻两个圆柱形凸起的中心间距、圆柱形凸起的高度；其中，圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤13～14，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得圆柱形凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的圆柱形凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出圆柱形凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体。Step 16, if P 1 R ≤ P 0 , adjust the radius of the circular section of the cylindrical protrusion, the distance between the centers of two adjacent cylindrical protrusions, and the height of the cylindrical protrusion; where, the circle of the cylindrical protrusion The radius of the cross-section is selected within the range of 0.2 mm to λ/10; repeat steps 13 to 14 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , and the final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusion are obtained, and Based on the obtained final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions, the cylindrical protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite with the cylindrical protrusions meeting the final structural parameters is obtained.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，当凸起的结构形状为方形柱时，通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：In the design method of the above-mentioned surface micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator, when the structural shape of the protrusion is a square column, several protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a The ferrite:

步骤21，确定方形柱凸起的初始结构参数：确定方形柱凸起的方形截面边长的初始值L0、相邻两个方形柱凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000031
方形柱凸起的高度的初始值/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000032
其中，L0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，λ表示工作波长；Step 21, determine the initial structural parameters of the square column protrusions: determine the initial value L 0 of the side length of the square section of the square column protrusions, and the initial value of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent square column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000031
The initial value of the raised height of the square column />
Figure BDA0003994849480000032
Among them, the value range of L 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10, λ indicates the working wavelength;

Figure BDA0003994849480000033
Figure BDA0003994849480000033

步骤22，按照确定的方形柱凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出方形柱凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000034
Step 22, according to the determined initial structural parameters of the square pillar protrusions, process the square pillar protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain the ferrite with square pillar protrusions satisfying the initial structural parameters
Figure BDA0003994849480000034

步骤23，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000035
中随机运动，得到具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000036
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000037
的二次电子发射产额曲线；Step 23, using the Monte Carlo simulation method, calculate the
Figure BDA0003994849480000035
Random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with square column protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000036
The secondary electron emission characteristics of the ferrite with square pillar protrusions determined at normal incidence of electrons />
Figure BDA0003994849480000037
The secondary electron emission yield curve of ;

步骤24，将具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000038
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000039
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 L；Step 24, place the ferrite with square post bumps
Figure BDA0003994849480000038
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm to determine the
Figure BDA0003994849480000039
The micro-discharge threshold power P 1 L of the designed ferrite circulator;

步骤25，若P1 L＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000310
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计；其中，P0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率指标；Step 25, if P 1 L >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and the ferrite with square column protrusions is used
Figure BDA00039948494800000310
Realize the anti-microdischarge design of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface; among them, P 0 represents the micro-discharge threshold power index of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed;

步骤26，若P1 L≤P0，则调整方形柱凸起的方形截面边长、相邻两个方形柱凸起的中心间距、方形柱凸起的高度；其中，方形柱凸起的方形截面边长在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤23～24，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得方形柱凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的方形柱凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出方形柱凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体。Step 26, if P 1 L ≤ P 0 , then adjust the side length of the square section of the raised square column, the center distance between the protrusions of two adjacent square columns, and the height of the raised square column; among them, the raised square of the square column Select the side length of the cross-section within the range of 0.2 mm to λ/10; repeat steps 23 to 24 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , and obtain the final structural parameters of the square column protrusions, and Based on the obtained final structural parameters of the square pillar protrusions, the square pillar protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite with the square pillar protrusions meeting the final structural parameters is obtained.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，当凸起的结构形状为多边形柱时，通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：In the design method of the above-mentioned surface micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator, when the structural shape of the protrusion is a polygonal column, several protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a The ferrite:

步骤31，确定多边形柱凸起的初始结构参数：确定多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距的初始值D0、相邻两个多边形柱凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000041
多边形柱凸起的高度的初始值/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000042
其中，D0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，λ表示工作波长；
Figure BDA0003994849480000043
Step 31, determine the initial structural parameters of the polygonal column protrusions: determine the initial value D 0 of the distance from the center of the polygonal section of the polygonal column protrusion to the side length, and the initial value of the distance between the centers of two adjacent polygonal column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000041
The initial value of the height of the polygon post bump />
Figure BDA0003994849480000042
Among them, the value range of D 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10, λ indicates the working wavelength;
Figure BDA0003994849480000043

步骤32，按照确定的多边形柱凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出多边形柱凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000044
Step 32, according to the determined initial structural parameters of the polygonal pillar protrusions, process the polygonal pillar protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and obtain the ferrite with the polygonal pillar protrusions satisfying the initial structural parameters
Figure BDA0003994849480000044

步骤33，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000045
中随机运动，得到具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000046
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000047
的二次电子发射产额曲线；Step 33, using the Monte Carlo simulation method, calculate the electron flow in the ferrite with polygonal column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000045
Random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with polygonal column protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000046
Secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrites with polygonal post bumps determined at normal incidence of electrons />
Figure BDA0003994849480000047
The secondary electron emission yield curve of ;

步骤34，将具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000048
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000049
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 D；Step 34, Raise the ferrite with the polygonal posts
Figure BDA0003994849480000048
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm, determined based on ferrite with polygonal pillar protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000049
The micro-discharge threshold power P 1 D of the designed ferrite circulator;

步骤35，若P1 D＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000410
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计；其中，P0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率指标；Step 35, if P 1 D >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and ferrite with polygonal column protrusions is used
Figure BDA00039948494800000410
Realize the anti-microdischarge design of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface; among them, P 0 represents the micro-discharge threshold power index of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed;

步骤36，若P1 D≤P0，则调整多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距、相邻两个多边形柱凸起的中心间距、多边形柱凸起的高度；其中，多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤33～34，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得多边形柱凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的多边形柱凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出多边形柱凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的多边形柱凸起的铁氧体。Step 36, if P 1 D ≤ P 0 , then adjust the distance from the center of the polygonal section of the polygonal post to the side length, the distance between the centers of two adjacent polygonal post protrusions, and the height of the polygonal post protrusion; wherein, the polygonal post The distance from the center to the side length of the raised polygonal cross-section is selected within the range of 0.2 mm to λ/10; repeat steps 33 to 34 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , and a polygonal column is obtained. The final structural parameters of the protrusions are obtained, and based on the obtained final structural parameters of the polygonal post protrusions, the polygonal post protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite with the polygonal post protrusions meeting the final structural parameters is obtained.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，λ＝2π/f0，f0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的工作频率。In the above design method of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface, λ=2π/f 0 , where f 0 represents the working frequency of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface to be designed.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，凸起在铁氧体基片上呈周期性均匀排列、或呈非均匀排列。In the design method of the above-mentioned high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface, the protrusions are periodically arranged uniformly or non-uniformly on the ferrite substrate.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，凸台的数量为一个或两个，铁氧体基片的数量为一个或两个。In the design method of the above-mentioned high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface, the number of bosses is one or two, and the number of ferrite substrates is one or two.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，当铁氧体基片的数量为两个时，凸起在铁氧体基片上呈错位排列，即一片铁氧体基片上的凸起与另一片铁氧体基片上的凸起之间的空隙相对。In the design method of the above-mentioned high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface, when the number of ferrite substrates is two, the protrusions are arranged in a dislocation on the ferrite substrate, that is, the number of protrusions on one ferrite substrate The protrusions are opposite to the gaps between the protrusions on another ferrite substrate.

在上述表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法中，通过机械加工方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体。In the design method of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface, several protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by a mechanical processing method to obtain a ferrite with protrusions.

本发明具有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:

本发明公开了一种表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法，通过在铁氧体材料加工时一体化加工形成表面微凸起，实现铁氧体材料表面二次电子发射的有效抑制，并进一步根据结型环行器的设计特点，在保证电性能的前提下综合优化设计实现铁氧体环行器微放电抑制，具有铁氧体材料一体化成形、散热性能好、抗震动、损耗小等特点，极具应用前景和应用价值。The invention discloses a design method for a high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface. The micro-protrusions on the surface are formed through integrated processing during the processing of ferrite materials, so as to realize the effective suppression of secondary electron emission on the surface of ferrite materials. , and further according to the design characteristics of the junction circulator, under the premise of ensuring the electrical performance, the comprehensive optimization design realizes the micro-discharge suppression of the ferrite circulator. And other characteristics, great application prospects and application value.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例中一种双片铁氧体基片环行器的基本结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a double-chip ferrite substrate circulator in an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例中一种单片铁氧体基片环行器的基本结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a single-chip ferrite substrate circulator in an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例中一种具有六边形柱凸起的铁氧体的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ferrite with hexagonal pillar protrusions in an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例中一种二次电子发射特性计算流程示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a secondary electron emission characteristic calculation in an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明实施例中一种具有六边形柱凸起的铁氧体的二次电子发射产额曲线图。FIG. 5 is a graph showing a secondary electron emission yield curve of a ferrite with hexagonal pillar protrusions in an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明公开的实施方式作进一步详细描述。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

在本实施例中，该表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法，包括：In this embodiment, the design method of the surface micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator includes:

步骤1，加工得到具有凸台的金属腔体。Step 1, processing to obtain a metal cavity with a boss.

在本实施例中，凸台与金属腔体一体成型，属于金属腔体的一部分。凸台的数量为一个，如图1所示；或两个，如图2所示。In this embodiment, the boss is integrally formed with the metal cavity and is a part of the metal cavity. The number of bosses is one, as shown in FIG. 1 ; or two, as shown in FIG. 2 .

步骤2，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体。In step 2, several bumps are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain a ferrite with bumps.

在本实施例中，铁氧体基片的数量与凸台的数量一致。可通过机械加工方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体。In this embodiment, the number of ferrite substrates is consistent with the number of bosses. Several protrusions can be machined on the surface of the ferrite substrate by mechanical processing to obtain ferrite with protrusions.

优先的，凸起的结构形状可以是如下形状中的任意一种或多种：圆柱形、方形柱和多边形柱；凸起在铁氧体基片上呈周期性均匀排列、或呈非均匀排列(如，当铁氧体基片的数量为两个时，凸起在铁氧体基片上可采用错位排列，即一片铁氧体基片上的凸起与另一片铁氧体基片上的凸起之间的空隙相对)。换而言之，可以选择圆柱形、方形柱和多边形柱任意一种形状组合、采用周期性均匀排列方式或非均匀排列方式在铁氧体基片上加工出满足要求的具有凸起的铁氧体。下面圆柱形、方形柱和多边形柱凸起的设计方法进行说明。Preferably, the structural shape of the protrusion can be any one or more of the following shapes: cylinder, square column and polygonal column; the protrusions are periodically uniformly arranged or non-uniformly arranged on the ferrite substrate ( For example, when the number of ferrite substrates is two, the bumps can be arranged in a dislocation on the ferrite substrate, that is, the difference between the bumps on one ferrite substrate and the bumps on the other ferrite substrate relative to the gap between them). In other words, any shape combination of cylindrical, square and polygonal columns can be selected, and the ferrite with protrusions that meet the requirements can be processed on the ferrite substrate by using a periodic uniform arrangement or a non-uniform arrangement. . The design methods for cylindrical, square and polygonal columns are described below.

当凸起的结构形状为圆柱形时，可通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：When the structure shape of the protrusion is cylindrical, several protrusions can be processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a ferrite with protrusions:

子步骤11，确定圆柱形凸起的初始结构参数：确定圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径的初始值R0、相邻两个圆柱形凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000061
圆柱形凸起的高度的初始值
Figure BDA0003994849480000062
其中，R0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，λ表示工作波长，λ＝2π/f0，f0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的工作频率；；/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000063
Sub-step 11, determine the initial structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions: determine the initial value R 0 of the circular section radius of the cylindrical protrusions, and the initial value of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent cylindrical protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000061
The initial value of the height of the cylindrical bump
Figure BDA0003994849480000062
Among them, the value range of R 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10, λ represents the working wavelength, λ=2π/f 0 , f 0 represents the working frequency of the high-power ferrite circulator with slightly raised surface to be designed; />
Figure BDA0003994849480000063

子步骤12，按照确定的圆柱形凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出圆柱形凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000064
Sub-step 12, according to the determined initial structural parameters of cylindrical protrusions, process cylindrical protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with cylindrical protrusions satisfying the initial structural parameters
Figure BDA0003994849480000064

子步骤13，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000065
中随机运动，得到具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000066
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000071
的二次电子发射产额曲线。Sub-step 13, using the Monte Carlo simulation method to calculate the electron flow in the ferrite with cylindrical protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000065
random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with cylindrical protrusions/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000066
The secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrite with cylindrical protrusions determined at normal electron incidence />
Figure BDA0003994849480000071
The secondary electron emission yield curve.

子步骤14，将具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000072
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000073
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 R。Sub-step 14, place the ferrite with cylindrical bumps
Figure BDA0003994849480000072
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm, and the determination is based on ferrite with cylindrical protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000073
The designed micro-discharge threshold power P 1 R of the ferrite circulator.

子步骤15，若P1 R＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000074
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计。其中，P0表示待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率指标。Sub-step 15, if P 1 R >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and ferrite with cylindrical protrusions is used
Figure BDA0003994849480000074
Realize anti-micro-discharge design of high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface. Among them, P 0 represents the micro-discharge threshold power index of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed.

子步骤16，若P1 R≤P0，则调整圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径、相邻两个圆柱形凸起的中心间距、圆柱形凸起的高度；其中，圆柱形凸起的圆形截面半径在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤子13～14，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得圆柱形凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的圆柱形凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出圆柱形凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的具有圆柱形凸起的铁氧体。Sub-step 16, if P 1 R ≤ P 0 , then adjust the radius of the circular section of the cylindrical protrusion, the distance between the centers of two adjacent cylindrical protrusions, and the height of the cylindrical protrusion; wherein, the cylindrical protrusion The radius of the circular section is selected within the range of 0.2 mm to λ/10; repeat steps 13 to 14 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , and the final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusion are obtained , and based on the obtained final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions, the cylindrical protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite with the cylindrical protrusions meeting the final structural parameters is obtained.

当凸起的结构形状为方形柱时，可通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：When the structure shape of the protrusion is a square column, several protrusions can be processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a ferrite with protrusions:

子步骤21，确定方形柱凸起的初始结构参数：确定方形柱凸起的方形截面边长的初始值L0、相邻两个方形柱凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000075
方形柱凸起的高度的初始值
Figure BDA0003994849480000076
其中，L0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000077
Figure BDA0003994849480000078
Sub-step 21, determine the initial structural parameters of the square column protrusions: determine the initial value L 0 of the side length of the square section of the square column protrusions, and the initial value of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent square column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000075
The initial value of the raised height of the square column
Figure BDA0003994849480000076
Among them, the value range of L 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10, />
Figure BDA0003994849480000077
Figure BDA0003994849480000078

子步骤22，按照确定的方形柱凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出方形柱凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000079
In sub-step 22, according to the determined initial structural parameters of the square post protrusions, square post protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate to obtain a ferrite with square post protrusions satisfying the initial structural parameters.
Figure BDA0003994849480000079

子步骤23，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000713
中随机运动，得到具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA00039948494800000710
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA00039948494800000711
的二次电子发射产额曲线。Sub-step 23, using the Monte Carlo simulation method, calculate the electron flow in the ferrite with square column protrusions
Figure BDA00039948494800000713
Random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with square column protrusions />
Figure BDA00039948494800000710
The secondary electron emission characteristics of the ferrite with square pillar protrusions determined at normal incidence of electrons />
Figure BDA00039948494800000711
The secondary electron emission yield curve.

子步骤24，将具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000712
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000081
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 L。Sub-step 24, place the raised ferrite with square post
Figure BDA00039948494800000712
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm to determine the
Figure BDA0003994849480000081
The designed micro-discharge threshold power P 1 L of the ferrite circulator.

子步骤25，若P1 L＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000082
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计。Sub-step 25, if P 1 L >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and the ferrite with square column protrusions is used
Figure BDA0003994849480000082
Realize anti-micro-discharge design of high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface.

子步骤26，若P1 L≤P0，则调整方形柱凸起的方形截面边长、相邻两个方形柱凸起的中心间距、方形柱凸起的高度；其中，方形柱凸起的方形截面边长在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤子23～24，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得方形柱凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的方形柱凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出方形柱凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的具有方形柱凸起的铁氧体。Sub-step 26, if P 1 L ≤ P 0 , then adjust the side length of the square section of the raised square column, the distance between the centers of two adjacent square column protrusions, and the height of the raised square column; among them, the raised square column Select the side length of the square section within the range of 0.2mm to λ/10; repeat steps 23 to 24 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , and obtain the final structural parameters of the square column protrusion , and based on the obtained final structural parameters of the square pillar protrusions, the square pillar protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite with the square pillar protrusions meeting the final structural parameters is obtained.

当凸起的结构形状为多边形柱时，可通过如下方法在铁氧体基片表面上加工出若干个凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体：When the structure shape of the protrusion is a polygonal column, several protrusions can be processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain a ferrite with protrusions:

子步骤31，确定多边形柱凸起的初始结构参数：确定多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距的初始值D0、相邻两个多边形柱凸起的中心间距的初始值

Figure BDA0003994849480000083
多边形柱凸起的高度的初始值/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000084
其中，D0的取值范围为：0.2mm～λ/10，
Figure BDA0003994849480000085
Sub-step 31, determine the initial structural parameters of the polygonal column protrusions: determine the initial value D 0 of the distance from the center of the polygonal section of the polygonal column protrusion to the side length, and the initial value of the distance between the centers of two adjacent polygonal column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000083
The initial value of the height of the polygon post bump />
Figure BDA0003994849480000084
Among them, the value range of D 0 is: 0.2mm～λ/10,
Figure BDA0003994849480000085

子步骤32，按照确定的多边形柱凸起的初始结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出多边形柱凸起，得到满足初始结构参数的具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000086
Sub-step 32, according to the determined initial structural parameters of the polygonal pillar protrusions, process the polygonal pillar protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and obtain the ferrite with polygonal pillar protrusions satisfying the initial structural parameters
Figure BDA0003994849480000086

子步骤33，采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算电子在具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000087
中随机运动，得到具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000088
的二次电子发射特性，确定电子垂直入射情况下具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA0003994849480000089
的二次电子发射产额曲线。Sub-step 33, using the Monte Carlo simulation method to calculate the electron flow in the ferrite with polygonal column protrusions
Figure BDA0003994849480000087
Random motion in medium to obtain a ferrite with polygonal column protrusions />
Figure BDA0003994849480000088
Secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrites with polygonal post bumps determined at normal incidence of electrons />
Figure BDA0003994849480000089
The secondary electron emission yield curve.

子步骤34，将具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA00039948494800000810
的二次电子发射产额曲线与电磁粒子算法结合，确定基于具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体/>
Figure BDA00039948494800000811
设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率P1 D。Sub-step 34, the ferrite with polygonal stud bumps
Figure BDA00039948494800000810
The secondary electron emission yield curve is combined with the electromagnetic particle algorithm, determined based on ferrite with polygonal pillar protrusions />
Figure BDA00039948494800000811
The designed micro-discharge threshold power P 1 D of the ferrite circulator.

子步骤35，若P1 D＞P0，则确定满足设计要求，采用具有多边形柱凸起的铁氧体

Figure BDA0003994849480000091
实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器抗微放电设计。Sub-step 35, if P 1 D >P 0 , it is determined that the design requirements are met, and the ferrite with polygonal column protrusions is used
Figure BDA0003994849480000091
Realize anti-micro-discharge design of high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface.

子步骤36，若P1 D≤P0，则调整多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距、相邻两个多边形柱凸起的中心间距、多边形柱凸起的高度；其中，多边形柱凸起的多边形截面中心到边长的间距在0.2mm～λ/10范围内进行选择；重复步骤子33～34，直至设计得到的铁氧体环行器的微放电阈值功率大于P0，获得多边形柱凸起的最终结构参数，并基于获得的多边形柱凸起的最终结构参数，在铁氧体基片表面上加工出多边形柱凸起，得到满足最终结构参数的多边形柱凸起的铁氧体。Sub-step 36, if P 1 D ≤ P 0 , then adjust the distance from the center of the polygonal cross-section of the polygonal column protrusion to the side length, the distance between the centers of two adjacent polygonal column protrusions, and the height of the polygonal column protrusion; wherein, the polygonal column The distance from the center to the side length of the polygonal cross-section of the pillar protrusion is selected within the range of 0.2 mm to λ/10; repeat steps 33 to 34 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 , obtaining The final structural parameters of the polygonal pillar protrusions, and based on the obtained final structural parameters of the polygonal pillar protrusions, the polygonal pillar protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate, and the polygonal pillar protrusions that meet the final structural parameters are obtained. body.

步骤3，将具有凸起的铁氧体固定在金属腔体的凸台上。Step 3, fixing the raised ferrite on the boss of the metal cavity.

在上述实施例的基础上，下面结合一个具体实例进行说明。On the basis of the above embodiments, the following will be described in conjunction with a specific example.

待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器结构如下：包括金属腔体和铁氧体基片，铁氧体基片位于金属腔体中的凸台上方，并与凸台紧密连接。其中，凸台属于金属腔体的一部分，与铁氧体环行器的工作带宽和阻抗匹配特性相关。The structure of the micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator on the surface to be designed is as follows: it includes a metal cavity and a ferrite substrate. The ferrite substrate is located above the boss in the metal cavity and is closely connected with the boss. Wherein, the boss is a part of the metal cavity, which is related to the working bandwidth and impedance matching characteristics of the ferrite circulator.

待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的工作频率f0为10GHz，微放电阈值功率指标P0为2000W，电性能指标为工作频率处S11≤-10dB，S21≥-0.5dB，S31≤-25dB。The operating frequency f 0 of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed is 10GHz, the micro-discharge threshold power index P 0 is 2000W, and the electrical performance index is S11≤-10dB at the operating frequency, S21≥-0.5dB, S31 ≤-25dB.

则有：Then there are:

(1)在铁氧体基片上构建凸起，得到具有凸起的铁氧体。(1) Build bumps on the ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with bumps.

凸起的结构形状可以是如下形状中的任意一种或多种：圆柱形、方形柱和多边形柱。如，为了增强加工可实现性，凸起的结构形状可以是六边形柱，如图3所示。The shape of the raised structure can be any one or more of the following shapes: cylinder, square column and polygonal column. For example, in order to enhance the manufacturability, the shape of the raised structure can be a hexagonal column, as shown in FIG. 3 .

(2)如图4所示，可采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法，计算得到具有凸起的铁氧体的二次电子发射特性，确定具有凸起的铁氧体的二次电子发射产额曲线，如图5所示。其中，图5(a)为不同六边形横截面边长LC的具有六边形柱凸起的铁氧体的二次电子发射产额曲线图，图5(b)为不同高度HC的具有六边形柱凸起的铁氧体的二次电子发射产额曲线图。(2) As shown in Figure 4, the Monte Carlo simulation method can be used to calculate the secondary electron emission characteristics of the raised ferrite, and determine the secondary electron emission yield curve of the raised ferrite, As shown in Figure 5. Among them, Fig. 5(a) is the secondary electron emission yield curve of ferrite with hexagonal column protrusions with different hexagonal cross-sectional side length L C , and Fig. 5(b) is the curve of different height H C Secondary electron emission yield curves of ferrites with hexagonal post bumps.

(3)根据微放电阈值功率指标P0对凸起的结构参数进行优化，确定凸起的最终的结构参数。例如，对于具有六边形柱凸起的铁氧体，其六边形柱凸起的最终的结构参数如下：Hc为1.5mm，Lc为0.5mm，每两个六边形柱中心间距的平均值Dc为1.67mm。(3) Optimizing the structural parameters of the protrusions according to the micro-discharge threshold power index P 0 to determine the final structural parameters of the protrusions. For example, for a ferrite with hexagonal pillar protrusions, the final structural parameters of the hexagonal pillar protrusions are as follows: Hc is 1.5mm, Lc is 0.5mm, and the distance between the centers of every two hexagonal pillars The average D c of 1.67mm.

(4)根据待设计表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器的电性能指标，确定凸台、铁氧体基片的尺寸，实现表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器设计方法抗微放电设计。(4) According to the electrical performance index of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface to be designed, determine the size of the boss and the ferrite substrate, and realize the design method of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusion on the surface. discharge design.

优化设计前后表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器微放电阈值对比如表1所示：Table 1 shows the comparison of the micro-discharge threshold of the high-power ferrite circulator with micro-protrusions on the surface before and after the optimized design:

器件device 微放电实验阈值Threshold of microdischarge experiment 环行器(光滑表面)Circulator (smooth surface) 380W，400W380W, 400W 环行器(表面微孔隙阵列结构)Circulator (surface micropore array structure) ≥3400W，≥3400W≥3400W, ≥3400W

表1Table 1

优化设计前后表面微凸起大功率铁氧体环行器电性能对比如表2所示：The electrical performance comparison of the micro-protrusion high-power ferrite circulator before and after the optimized design is shown in Table 2:

器件device 插损insertion loss 环行器(光滑表面)Circulator (smooth surface) 0.15dB0.15dB 环行器(表面微孔结构)Circulator (surface microporous structure) 0.15dB0.15dB

表2Table 2

本发明虽然已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改，因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can use the methods disclosed above and technical content to analyze the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Possible changes and modifications are made in the technical solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the technical solution of the present invention. protected range.

本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. The design method of the surface microprotrusion high-power ferrite circulator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
processing to obtain a metal cavity with a boss;
processing a plurality of bulges on the surface of a ferrite substrate to obtain ferrite with bulges;
ferrite with protrusions is fixed on the boss of the metal cavity.
2. The method for designing a surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 1, wherein the structural shape of the embossment is any one or more of the following shapes: cylindrical, square, and polygonal columns.
3. The design method of the surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 2, wherein when the structural shape of the protrusions is cylindrical, a plurality of protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain ferrite with the protrusions:
step 11, determining initial structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions: determining an initial value R of the radius of the circular cross-section of the cylindrical protrusion 0 Initial value W of center-to-center spacing of two adjacent cylindrical protrusions 0 R Initial value H of height of cylindrical boss 0 R The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein R is 0 The range of the values is as follows: 0.2 mm-lambda/10, lambda representing the operating wavelength; w (W) 0 R -R 0 ＝0.2mm；H 0 R ＝0.1mm；
Step 12, processing cylindrical bulges on the surface of the ferrite substrate according to the determined initial structural parameters of the cylindrical bulges to obtain ferrite A with the cylindrical bulges, wherein the ferrite A meets the initial structural parameters 0 R ；
Step 13, calculating ferrite A with cylindrical protrusions by adopting Monte Carlo simulation method 0 R And randomly moving to obtain ferrite A with cylindrical protrusions 0 R Is used for determining the secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrite A with cylindrical protrusions under the condition of normal incidence of electrons 0 R Secondary electron emission yield curves of (2);
step 14, ferrite A with cylindrical protrusion 0 R Is determined based on ferrite a with cylindrical protrusions in combination with an electromagnetic particle algorithm 0 R Micro-discharge threshold power P of designed ferrite circulator 1 R ；
Step 15, if P 1 R ＞P 0 Then confirm to meet the design requirement, adopt ferrite A with cylindrical protrusion 0 R The design of micro discharge resistance of the surface micro-bulge high-power ferrite circulator is realized; wherein P is 0 Representing a micro-discharge threshold power index of the surface micro-bulge high-power ferrite circulator to be designed;
step 16, if P 1 R ≤P 0 The radius of the circular section of the cylindrical bulge, the center distance between two adjacent cylindrical bulges and the height of the cylindrical bulge are adjusted; wherein the radius of the circular section of the cylindrical bulge is selected within the range of 0.2 mm-lambda/10; repeating the steps 13-14 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 Obtaining the final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions, and processing the cylindrical protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate based on the obtained final structural parameters of the cylindrical protrusions to obtain the final productFerrite with cylindrical protrusions of structural parameters.
4. The design method of the surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 2, wherein when the structural shape of the protrusions is square columns, a plurality of protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain ferrite with the protrusions:
step 21, determining initial structural parameters of the square column protrusions: determining an initial value L of side length of square section of square column bulge 0 Initial value W of center distance of two adjacent square column bulges 0 L Initial value H of height of square column bulge 0 L The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein L is 0 The range of the values is as follows: 0.2 mm-lambda/10, lambda representing the operating wavelength; w (W) 0 L -L 0 ＝0.2mm；H 0 L ＝0.1mm；
Step 22, processing square column protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate according to the determined initial structural parameters of the square column protrusions to obtain ferrite A with the square column protrusions, wherein the ferrite A meets the initial structural parameters 0 L ；
Step 23, calculating ferrite A with square column protrusions by adopting Monte Carlo simulation method 0 L Randomly moves to obtain ferrite A with square column protrusions 0 L Is used for determining the secondary electron emission characteristics of ferrite A with square column protrusions under the condition of vertical incidence of electrons 0 L Secondary electron emission yield curves of (2);
step 24, ferrite A with square column protrusions 0 L Is determined based on ferrite A with square column protrusions by combining secondary electron emission yield curve with electromagnetic particle algorithm 0 L Micro-discharge threshold power P of designed ferrite circulator 1 L ；
Step 25, if P 1 L ＞P 0 Then confirm to meet the design requirement, adopt ferrite A with square column protrusion 0 L Realize high-power ferrite with micro-protrusions on surfaceA circulator is designed to resist micro discharge; wherein P is 0 Representing a micro-discharge threshold power index of the surface micro-bulge high-power ferrite circulator to be designed;
step 26, if P 1 L ≤P 0 The side length of the square section of the square column bulge, the center distance between two adjacent square column bulges and the height of the square column bulge are adjusted; wherein, the side length of the square section of the square column bulge is selected within the range of 0.2 mm-lambda/10; repeating the steps 23-24 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 And processing the square column protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate based on the obtained final structural parameters of the square column protrusions to obtain ferrite with the square column protrusions, wherein the ferrite meets the final structural parameters.
5. The design method of the surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 2, wherein when the structural shape of the protrusions is polygonal column, a plurality of protrusions are processed on the surface of the ferrite substrate by the following method to obtain ferrite with the protrusions:
step 31, determining initial structural parameters of the polygonal column bulge: determining an initial value D of the center-to-side distance of the polygonal cross section of the polygonal column protrusion 0 Initial value W of center-to-center spacing of adjacent two polygonal column protrusions 0 D Initial value H of height of polygonal column bulge 0 D The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein D is 0 The range of the values is as follows: 0.2 mm-lambda/10, lambda representing the operating wavelength; w (W) 0 D -D 0 ＝0.2mm；H 0 D ＝0.1mm；
Step 32, processing the polygonal column protrusions on the surface of the ferrite substrate according to the determined initial structural parameters of the polygonal column protrusions to obtain ferrite A with the polygonal column protrusions meeting the initial structural parameters 0 D ；
Step 33, calculating ferrite A with polygonal column protrusions by using Monte Carlo simulation method 0 D Is randomly moved to obtainTo ferrite A with polygonal columnar projections 0 D Defining ferrite A having polygonal columnar projections at normal incidence of electrons 0 D Secondary electron emission yield curves of (2);
step 34, ferrite A with polygonal columnar protrusions 0 D Is based on ferrite a with polygonal columnar projections, determined by combining secondary electron emission yield curves with electromagnetic particle algorithm 0 D Micro-discharge threshold power P of designed ferrite circulator 1 D ；
Step 35, if P 1 D ＞P 0 Then confirm to meet the design requirement, adopt ferrite A with polygonal column protrusion 0 D The design of micro discharge resistance of the surface micro-bulge high-power ferrite circulator is realized; wherein P is 0 Representing a micro-discharge threshold power index of the surface micro-bulge high-power ferrite circulator to be designed;
step 36, if P 1 D ≤P 0 The distance from the center of the polygonal section of the polygonal column bulge to the side length, the center distance between two adjacent polygonal column bulges and the height of the polygonal column bulge are adjusted; wherein, the distance from the center of the polygonal section of the polygonal column bulge to the side length is selected within the range of 0.2 mm-lambda/10; repeating the steps 33-34 until the micro-discharge threshold power of the designed ferrite circulator is greater than P 0 And processing the polygonal columnar projections on the surface of the ferrite substrate based on the obtained final structural parameters of the polygonal columnar projections to obtain the ferrite of the polygonal columnar projections meeting the final structural parameters.
6. The method for designing a surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein λ=2pi f 0 ，f 0 The working frequency of the surface microprotrusion high-power ferrite circulator to be designed is shown.
7. The method of designing a surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 1, wherein the protrusions are arranged uniformly periodically or non-uniformly on the ferrite substrate.
8. The method of designing a surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 1, wherein the number of bosses is one or two and the number of ferrite substrates is one or two.
9. The method of designing a surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 8, wherein when the number of ferrite substrates is two, the protrusions are arranged in a staggered manner on the ferrite substrates, i.e., the protrusions on one ferrite substrate are opposed to the gaps between the protrusions on the other ferrite substrate.
10. The design method of the surface microprotrusion high power ferrite circulator of claim 1, wherein a plurality of protrusions are machined on the surface of the ferrite substrate by a machining method to obtain the ferrite with the protrusions.
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