CN116314939A - Hydrogen ejector of fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen ejector of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN116314939A CN116314939A CN202310066533.9A CN202310066533A CN116314939A CN 116314939 A CN116314939 A CN 116314939A CN 202310066533 A CN202310066533 A CN 202310066533A CN 116314939 A CN116314939 A CN 116314939A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 259
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 259
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a fuel cell hydrogen ejector, including supplying hydrogen portion and ejecting portion, supply hydrogen portion to be equipped with inlet channel, hydrogen entrance and a plurality of reposition of redundant personnel passageway, and be equipped with a plurality of and reposition of redundant personnel passageway one-to-one's nozzle. The injection part is provided with a plurality of injection cavities, injection inlets and injection channels, and is provided with a plurality of diversion channels. Compressed hydrogen enters the air inlet channel through the hydrogen inlet, is split into various split channels and is emitted to the diversion channel through the corresponding nozzles. A plurality of hydrogen passages are integrated in parallel in one hydrogen ejector, and each passage is provided with a nozzle and a diversion channel, so that each passage has a good ejection effect, and the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen ejector is increased by connecting multiple passages in parallel. The hydrogen injector has the effects that the hydrogen injector can be matched with a hydrogen fuel cell with high power load, multiple hydrogen injectors are avoided being used simultaneously, the use space is saved, and the complexity of construction is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fuel cell ejectors, in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen ejector.
Background
A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy. In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell and reduce the reaction time of the fuel cell, the hydrogen supply amount of the fuel cell tends to be larger than the theoretical consumption amount of hydrogen. In order to avoid waste caused by direct discharge of redundant hydrogen, a hydrogen ejector or a hydrogen circulating pump is generally used for recycling the redundant hydrogen.
The related art can refer to Chinese patent publication No. CN213071185U for a fuel cell hydrogen ejector, which comprises an ejector I, an ejector II and an ejector III. The injection body is divided into a shrinkage cavity, a mixing cavity and a diffusion cavity, one end of the injection body II extends into one end of the injection body I, the other end extends out of the injection body I, one end of the injection body III extends into the injection body II and approaches one end of the injection body II, and the other end extends out of the injection body II. A cavity is formed between the outer wall of one end of the injection body III and the inner wall of the injection body II, a high-power supplementary injection inlet communicated with the cavity is formed in the other end of the injection body II, and a high-power injection inlet is formed in the position, close to the other end, of the injection body II, of the injection body III. The high-power injection device further comprises a valve, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet of the valve are respectively communicated with the high-power injection inlet and the high-power supplementary injection inlet.
To above-mentioned related art, after the hydrogen sprays into the shrink chamber, mix with the hydrogen that draws in to pass through the mixing chamber together, in order to further compress the mixed gas, improve the mixed gas velocity of flow and then strengthen the effect of drawing in, the mixing chamber bore is often less, has restricted the passing efficiency of hydrogen, and the biggest hydrogen supply ability of hydrogen ejector is lower, is difficult to match the hydrogen fuel cell of great power load, and uses many hydrogen ejectors to occupy bigger space again simultaneously, and the operation complexity also can increase.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to ensure the hydrogen injection effect, the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen injector is increased to match a hydrogen fuel cell with high power load, so that a plurality of hydrogen injectors are avoided to be used simultaneously, the use space is saved, and the complexity of construction is reduced.
The application provides a fuel cell hydrogen ejector, adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen injector, includes hydrogen supply portion and injection portion, the inside inlet channel that has seted up of hydrogen supply portion, the outside hydrogen inlet that is used for letting in compressed hydrogen and hydrogen inlet intercommunication inlet channel that has been seted up of hydrogen supply portion, a plurality of reposition of redundant personnel passageway has been seted up to the hydrogen supply portion, the reposition of redundant personnel passageway all communicates with inlet channel, be equipped with a plurality of nozzles with reposition of redundant personnel passageway one-to-one on the hydrogen supply portion, the nozzle all with the reposition of redundant personnel passageway intercommunication and nozzle bore reduce along keeping away from reposition of redundant personnel passageway direction, injection portion is close to hydrogen supply portion one side and has seted up a plurality of injection chamber with nozzle one-to-one, the nozzle all extends to the injection intracavity that corresponds, the injection portion is last to set up and is used for leading in the injection entry and each injection chamber intercommunication, be equipped with a plurality of guide channels with injection chamber one-to injection portion in the injection portion, a plurality of guide channels that are used for leading in hydrogen fuel cell stack's income heap, the heap mouth and guide channel one-to-one correspondence respectively communicate.
By adopting the technical scheme, compressed hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment enters the air inlet channel through the hydrogen inlet, and then the compressed hydrogen is split into each split channel and is emitted to the diversion channel through the nozzle corresponding to each split channel. The caliber of the nozzle is reduced along the direction away from the diversion channel, the flow speed of compressed hydrogen in the advancing process of the nozzle is further increased, the hydrogen is ejected from the shrinkage opening and then continuously advances along the diversion channel, and at the moment, the flow speed of the hydrogen in the diversion channel is higher and the pressure is lower. The redundant hydrogen of the hydrogen fuel cell stack enters each injection cavity through the injection inlet and the injection channel, the injection cavity is communicated with the flow guide channel, the pressure of the redundant hydrogen is high, the redundant hydrogen enters the flow guide channel under the action of air pressure difference, is mixed with the hydrogen from the nozzle and continuously advances to the stack inlet along the flow guide channel, and finally enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack for reaction. A plurality of channels for supplying and injecting hydrogen are integrated in one hydrogen injector in parallel, and each channel is provided with a nozzle and a diversion channel, so that the injection effect of the hydrogen can be guaranteed in each hydrogen channel, and the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen injector is increased by the multi-channel in parallel connection, so that the hydrogen injector can be matched with a hydrogen fuel cell with high power load, a plurality of hydrogen injectors are prevented from being used simultaneously, the use space is saved, and the complexity of construction is reduced.
Optionally, the water conservancy diversion passageway is including leading-in section, the mixed section and the export section of intercommunication each other, and leading-in section, mixed section and export section set gradually along the direction of keeping away from the nozzle, and leading-in section intercommunication draws the injection chamber and mixes section and leading-in section bore along keeping away from mixed section direction increase, export section intercommunication mixed section and income heap mouth and export section bore along keeping away from mixed section direction increase.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, leading-in section intercommunication draws the injection chamber, accepts nozzle spun compressed hydrogen again simultaneously, and compressed hydrogen and hydrogen fuel cell stack redundant hydrogen are leading-in section and are led into the mixed section, and leading-in section bore increases along keeping away from mixed section direction for the hydrogen through leading-in section is by further compression and improves the velocity of flow, helps strengthening and draws the effect. The caliber of the mixing section is smaller but not changed, and the mixing section is used for further mixing the two parts of hydrogen, and the smaller caliber can keep the higher flow velocity of the mixed hydrogen so as to keep a better injection effect. The caliber of the export section is increased along the direction away from the mixing section, so that the flow speed of the mixed hydrogen in the export section is reduced, the mixed hydrogen smoothly enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack from the stack inlet, the more complete reaction of the hydrogen is facilitated, and the reaction efficiency is further improved.
Optionally, set up in the injection portion and use the assembly passageway of each export section of intercommunication, the income heap mouth department can dismantle and be connected with the closing plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the hydrogen injector often can match the hydrogen fuel cell of different power loads, when the hydrogen fuel cell of matching use lower power load, the air feed efficiency demand of hydrogen fuel cell is lower, need not to use a plurality of heap mouths simultaneously and supply hydrogen simultaneously, can use the closing plate to seal partial heap mouths temporarily, adopt a small amount of heap mouths to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen accessible of each export section gathers the passageway and reaches the heap mouths of income that is using and get into hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen injector is beneficial to matching with a hydrogen fuel cell with a larger power load range.
Optionally, sliding connection has adjustment mechanism and slip direction perpendicular to mixing section length direction in the mixed section, injection portion threaded connection has a plurality of to be used for in injection portion external control adjustment mechanism gliding adjusting screw, adjusting screw perpendicular to adjustment mechanism sets up, adjustment mechanism is close to adjusting screw one side fixedly connected with a plurality of regulating block, the joint chamber has been seted up in the regulating block, joint intracavity swivelling joint has fixture block and axis of rotation and adjusting screw length direction parallel, fixture block shape size and joint chamber phase-match, fixture block is kept away from adjusting plate one end and adjusting screw coaxial fixed connection, adjusting screw is kept away from adjustment mechanism one end and is located injection portion outside and fixedly connected with and is used for controlling adjusting screw pivoted rotating head.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the cross section size of mixed section has controlled its inside hydrogen throughput, and then has influenced the whole air feed ability of corresponding water conservancy diversion passageway even whole hydrogen ejector. When the hydrogen fuel cell with lower power load is matched, the gas supply requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell is not large, so that the flow rate of the hydrogen from the nozzle cannot be increased, and the problem of poor injection effect is caused. The adjusting screw is rotated through the rotating head so as to drive the adjusting mechanism to slide in the mixing section, the cross section area of the mixing section is changed, when the cross section area of the mixing section is reduced, the mixing section is equal in time, mixed hydrogen with the same volume is mixed, the flow speed can be increased, the injection effect is enhanced, the hydrogen injector is matched with a hydrogen fuel cell using lower power load, the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen injector is increased when the cross section area of the mixing section is increased, and the hydrogen injector can be matched with the hydrogen fuel cell with high power load.
Optionally, adjustment mechanism includes regulating plate and stabilizer, and stabilizer thickness is greater than the regulating plate, has offered the regulation chamber that is on a parallel with mixed section length direction setting in the injection portion, and stabilizer sliding connection is in the regulation intracavity, and regulating plate sliding connection is in mixed section, fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed's connecting rod between stabilizer and the regulating plate, regulating block and stabilizer fixed connection.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in order to least influence the biggest cross-sectional area that the mixed section can use, and then increase the mixed section and can use the accommodation range of biggest cross-sectional area, the regulating plate that is located mixed section often thickness is less, and mixed section is whole longer, leads to the sliding stability of regulating plate lower. Offer the regulation chamber to sliding stabilization board in the regulation chamber, the stabilization board thickness is great, can more stably slide, and the stability board is together fixed with the regulation board is stable through a plurality of evenly distributed's connecting rod, can improve the sliding stability of regulation board, is favorable to the steady operation of hydrogen ejector.
Optionally, the rotating head includes synchronizing wheel and control the head, and synchronizing wheel and adjusting screw fixed connection control head fixed connection and keep away from adjusting screw one end in synchronizing wheel, are connected with the belt that is used for keeping each synchronizing wheel synchronous rotation between each synchronizing wheel, and each synchronizing wheel supports the belt in tension.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, stabilizer plate and regulating plate are all longer along with mixing section design, in order to more stably slide and fixed adjustment mechanism, can set up a plurality of adjusting screw and supporting regulating block and fixture block with it. The sliding adjusting mechanism enables a plurality of rotating screws to be sequentially adjusted, operation is complex, and adjustment amounts of the adjusting screws are difficult to control to be synchronous. Through setting up the synchronizing wheel and passing through the belt with each synchronizing wheel connection, adjust an adjusting screw can realize all adjusting screw's synchronous adjustment. The operation complexity is reduced, and the adjustment precision of the mixing section is improved.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply part is provided with a first switch valve for controlling the on-off of the air inlet channel and a regulating valve for controlling the flow of the air inlet channel, the injection channel is provided with a second switch valve for controlling the on-off of the injection channel, and the injection part is provided with a pump air port communicated with the converging channel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the switching valve one can realize the break-make of hydrogen on the hydrogen ejector, has made things convenient for the operation, has improved the safety in utilization to a certain extent. The regulating valve can realize the regulation and control of the overall hydrogen flow of the hydrogen ejector, and is beneficial to matching different hydrogen supply flows for hydrogen fuel cells with different power loads. The hydrogen ejector is sometimes used with a hydrogen circulating pump, hydrogen from the hydrogen circulating pump enters the hydrogen ejector from a pump air port, and the second switching valve can prevent the hydrogen from flowing back from the ejection channel at the moment.
Optionally, the hydrogen supply part is provided with a first pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the air inlet channel, the first pressure sensor is communicated with the air inlet channel, the injection part is provided with a second pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the converging channel, and the second pressure sensor is communicated with the converging channel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up pressure sensor one and pressure sensor two, help real-time supervision inlet channel and assemble the passageway in the gas pressure, the staff of being convenient for is to the whole of hydrogen ejector business turn over hydrogen condition to accuse, helps in time disposing when the atmospheric pressure appears unusual, has improved hydrogen ejector's safety in utilization.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. a plurality of channels for supplying and injecting hydrogen are integrated in one hydrogen injector in parallel through a split channel, each channel is provided with a nozzle and a guide channel, each hydrogen channel has good hydrogen injection effect, and the multiple channels are connected in parallel to increase the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen injector, so that the hydrogen injector can be matched with a hydrogen fuel cell with high power load, a plurality of hydrogen injectors are prevented from being used at the same time, the use space is saved, and the complexity of construction is reduced;
2. through rotating adjusting screw and then driving adjustment mechanism's slip in the mixed section, can realize the change of the cross-sectional area that supplies hydrogen to pass through in the mixed section, when reducing mixed section cross-sectional area, mixed section equal time passes through the mixed hydrogen of same volume, the velocity of flow can increase, be favorable to strengthening and draw the effect, and then be favorable to the hydrogen injector to match the hydrogen fuel cell who uses lower power load, when increasing mixed section cross-sectional area, help increasing the biggest hydrogen supply ability of hydrogen injector for the hydrogen injector can match the hydrogen fuel cell of high-power load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an overall exploded schematic of the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of an intake passage in the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the diversion channel according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the adjusting mechanism in the second embodiment.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic overall structure of the second embodiment.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a hydrogen supply unit; 11. an air intake passage; 12. a hydrogen gas inlet; 13. a shunt channel; 14. a nozzle; 2. an injection part; 21. an ejection chamber; 22. an injection inlet; 23. an injection channel; 24. a diversion channel; 241. an introduction section; 242. a mixing section; 243. a lead-out section; 25. a pile inlet; 251. a sealing plate; 26. a converging channel; 27. a regulating chamber; 28. a pump port; 31. an adjusting mechanism; 311. an adjusting plate; 312. a stabilizing plate; 32. adjusting a screw; 33. an adjusting block; 331. a clamping cavity; 34. a clamping block; 35. a rotating head; 351. a synchronizing wheel; 352. a control head; 36. a connecting rod; 37. a belt; 4. a first switch valve; 5. a regulating valve; 6. a second switching valve; 7. a first pressure sensor; 8. and a second pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a fuel cell hydrogen injector comprises a hydrogen supply part 1 and an injection part 2, wherein the hydrogen supply part 1 and the injection part 2 are connected in a mutually opposite way, and a plurality of mounting holes for being matched with bolts for mounting and fixing are formed in the hydrogen supply part 1 and the injection part 2. An air inlet channel 11 is formed in the hydrogen supply part 1, the air inlet channel 11 is parallel to the contact surface of the hydrogen supply part 1 and the injection part 2, a hydrogen gas inlet 12 for introducing compressed hydrogen is formed in the hydrogen supply part 1, and the hydrogen gas inlet 12 is communicated with the air inlet channel 11 in the hydrogen supply part 1. The air inlet channel 11 is close to the injection part 2 one end and communicates with two diversion channels 13, and diversion channels 13 set up in the hydrogen supply part 1 equally and keep away from air inlet channel 11 one end and communicate there is nozzle 14. The nozzle 14 is cone-shaped with two open ends, the diameter of the nozzle is gradually reduced towards the direction close to the injection part 2, the hydrogen from the diversion channel 13 enters the nozzle 14 and is further compressed to improve the injection speed, and the nozzle 14 is detachably connected to the end of the hydrogen supply part 1 close to the injection part 2 and can be replaced according to different requirements.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a pressure sensor 7 is connected to an end of the air inlet channel 11, which is far away from the injection part 2, and can be used for measuring the pressure of the introduced compressed hydrogen gas at all times. The hydrogen supply part 1 is respectively provided with a first switching valve 4 and a regulating valve 5, and the first switching valve 4 is used for controlling the on-off of an air inlet channel 11 so as to control the on-off of compressed hydrogen at the input end of the whole hydrogen ejector. The regulating valve 5 is used for controlling the runoff of the air inlet channel 11, and when the hydrogen ejector is matched with hydrogen fuel cells with different power loads, the air supply of the hydrogen ejector can be integrally controlled through the regulating valve 5, so that the hydrogen ejector is matched with the hydrogen fuel cells with more power load ranges. The first switching valve 4 and the regulating valve 5 are both positioned between the nozzle 14 and the hydrogen gas inlet 12, and the first switching valve 4 is positioned at one end of the regulating valve 5 away from the nozzle 14.
Referring to fig. 4, two injection cavities 21 are provided at one end of the injection part 2 near the hydrogen supply part 1, the injection cavity 21 is cylindrical as a whole, the injection cavities 21 correspond to the two nozzles 14 one by one in position, and the tips of the nozzles 14 extend into the injection cavity 21 gradually. The outer surface of the injection part 2 is provided with an injection inlet 22 for introducing redundant hydrogen of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the inside of the injection part is provided with an injection channel 23 for communicating the injection inlet 22 with each injection cavity 21, and the injection channel 23 is perpendicular to the length direction of the nozzle 14, so as to reduce direct series flow of two parts of hydrogen with different injection speeds. Redundant hydrogen from the hydrogen fuel cell stack can be stored briefly in the ejector chamber 21 after passing through the ejector inlet 22 and the ejector channel 23.
Referring to fig. 4, the compressed hydrogen gas is further compressed through the nozzle 14 and then accelerated to be injected into the corresponding diversion channel 24. The nozzles 14 are spaced a short distance from the corresponding flow channels 24 within the injection chamber 21 and the compressed hydrogen gas contacts the redundant hydrogen gas from the hydrogen fuel cell stack as it passes through the distance. According to Bernoulli's principle, the velocity in the fluid is small, the pressure is large, the velocity is large, and the pressure is small. The two portions of hydrogen create a differential pressure, and the redundant hydrogen increases the flow rate and is forced into the diversion channel 24 under the influence of the differential pressure.
Referring to fig. 4, the guide passage 24 is divided into an introduction section 241, a mixing section 242, and an exit section 243, which are sequentially disposed in the transmission direction of the hydrogen gas, and the introduction section 241, the mixing section 242, and the exit section 243 are sequentially communicated with each other. The caliber of the lead-out section 243 gradually decreases along the hydrogen propagation direction. The diameter of the end of the inlet section 241 adjacent the nozzle 14 is greater than the outer diameter of the end of the nozzle 14 adjacent the inlet section 241 to provide sufficient space for the redundant hydrogen gas within the injection chamber 21 to enter the inlet section 241. The mixing section 242 is generally cylindrical in shape with a larger length but smaller inside diameter, and the time required for the gas to pass is longer, which is advantageous for the two hydrogen portions to be fully mixed to achieve the same flow rate and pressure. The caliber of the guiding-out section 243 gradually increases along the hydrogen propagation direction, and the air pressure and the flow velocity of the mixed hydrogen in the diffusion section are reduced.
Referring to fig. 4, the injection portion 2 is provided with a plurality of stack inlet openings 25 for introducing the mixed hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the stack inlet openings 25 are in one-to-one correspondence with the flow guiding channels 24 and are respectively communicated with corresponding outlet sections 243. The hydrogen from the lead-out section 243 is introduced into the hydrogen fuel cell stack relatively gently through the depressurization and deceleration, which is beneficial to the more sufficient reaction of the hydrogen in the stack and improves the hydrogen utilization rate. The injection part 2 is internally provided with a converging channel 26 communicated with each guide-out section 243, and the converging channel 26 is integrally perpendicular to the length direction of the guide channel 24, so that the mixed hydrogen from different guide channels 24 can be converged. Each of the stack inlets 25 may be attached to or detached from the sealing plate 251 as required for use. Different hydrogen fuel cells tend to have different power loads, the hydrogen ejector often needs to be matched with the hydrogen fuel cells with different power loads, when the hydrogen fuel cells with lower power loads are matched, the gas supply efficiency requirement of the hydrogen fuel cells is lower, a plurality of stack inlets 25 are not needed to be used for simultaneously supplying hydrogen, and a part of stack inlets 25 can be temporarily closed by using a sealing plate 251, and a small amount of stack inlets 25 are used for supplying hydrogen. The mixed hydrogen from each of the lead-out sections 243 may pass through the converging channel 26 to the stack inlet 25 in use and into the hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen injector is beneficial to matching with a hydrogen fuel cell with a larger power load range.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the injection part 2 is provided with a pump air port 28 communicated with the converging channel 26, when the load power of the hydrogen fuel cell is too small, the hydrogen injector needs to be matched with a hydrogen circulating pump, redundant hydrogen from the hydrogen circulating pump is communicated with the pump air port 28 through a pipeline, the redundant hydrogen enters the hydrogen injector after passing through the pump air port 28, the converging channel 26, the leading-out section 243 and the pile inlet 25, the injection channel 23 is provided with a second switching valve 6 for controlling the on-off of the injection channel 23, and the second switching valve 6 is positioned between the injection inlet 22 and the nearest injection cavity 21. The back flow of hydrogen from the injection passage 23 can be prevented.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the injection part 2 is provided with a second pressure sensor 8 for measuring the pressure of the converging channel 26, and the second pressure sensor 8 is communicated with the converging channel 26, so that the gas pressure in the converging channel 26 can be monitored in real time. The pressure sensor I7 is matched for use, so that the whole control of the hydrogen inlet and outlet conditions of the hydrogen ejector by workers is facilitated, the hydrogen ejector can be timely disposed when the air pressure is abnormal, and the safety of the hydrogen ejector is improved.
The implementation principle of the fuel cell hydrogen ejector is as follows: the hydrogen storage device is communicated with the hydrogen inlet 12 through a pipeline, compressed hydrogen is introduced into the air inlet channel 11 through the hydrogen inlet 12, and the pressure sensor I detects the pressure condition of the introduced hydrogen when 7 is used. The compressed hydrogen gas is then split at the end of the inlet channel 11 into each split channel 13 and through each split channel 13 into the corresponding nozzle 14, the compressed hydrogen gas being further compressed and accelerated in the nozzle 14 with the decreasing inner diameter of the nozzle 14, and the compressed hydrogen gas being directed from the nozzle 14 to the diversion channel 24 at a high speed. The hydrogen flow rate in the introduction section 241 is high and the gas pressure is low. The redundant hydrogen of the hydrogen fuel cell stack enters each injection cavity 21 through the injection inlet 22 and the injection channel 23, is stored in the injection cavity 21 for a short time, has low flow rate and high air pressure, meets two parts of hydrogen in the injection cavity 21, enters the introducing section 241 under the action of air pressure difference, and enters the mixing section 242 together with the compressed hydrogen from the nozzle 14. The two parts of hydrogen are fully mixed in the mixing section 242 and then are led into the leading-out section 243, and the mixed hydrogen is subjected to depressurization and deceleration in the leading-out section 243 and then enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the stack inlet 25 for reaction. A plurality of hydrogen passages are integrated in parallel in one hydrogen injector, and each passage is provided with a nozzle 14 and a diversion channel 24, so that good hydrogen injection effect can be achieved in each hydrogen passage. The multichannel parallel connection increases the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen ejectors, so that the hydrogen ejectors can be matched with a hydrogen fuel cell with high power load, the situation of using a plurality of hydrogen ejectors simultaneously is avoided, the use space is saved, and the complexity of construction is reduced.
Embodiment two:
the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the structure of the diversion channel is different, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the mixing section 242 is in a cuboid shape as a whole, the mixing section 242 is internally provided with an adjusting mechanism 31, the adjusting mechanism 31 comprises an adjusting plate 311 and a stabilizing plate 312, the shape and the size of the adjusting plate 311 and the stabilizing plate 312 are matched with the shape and the size of the section of the mixing section 242, and the thickness of the stabilizing plate 312 is larger than that of the adjusting plate 311. An adjusting cavity 27 which is parallel to the length direction of the mixing section 242 is arranged in the injection part 2, and the adjusting cavity 27 is aligned with the mixing section 242 and has the same cross section size and shape. The stabilizing plate 312 is slidably connected to the adjusting chamber 27, the adjusting plate 311 is slidably connected to the mixing section 242, and the sliding directions are perpendicular to the length direction of the mixing section 242. A plurality of evenly distributed connecting rods 36 are fixedly connected between the stabilizing plate 312 and the adjusting plate 311.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the injection part 2 is in threaded connection with three adjusting screws 32 for controlling the adjusting mechanism 31 to slide outside the injection part 2, the adjusting screws 32 are perpendicular to the stabilizing plate 312, and one side of the stabilizing plate 312 close to the adjusting screws 32 is fixedly connected with three adjusting blocks 33 aligned with the adjusting screws 32 one by one. The regulating block 33 is cylindrical as a whole, a cylindrical clamping cavity 331 is formed in the regulating block, a clamping block 34 is rotationally connected in the clamping cavity 331, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the regulating screw 32. The shape and the size of the clamping block 34 are matched with those of the clamping cavity 331, one end of the clamping block 34, which is far away from the adjusting plate 311, is fixedly connected with the corresponding adjusting screw 32 in a coaxial way, and one end of the adjusting screw 32, which is far away from the adjusting mechanism 31, is positioned outside the injection part 2 and is fixedly connected with a rotating head 35 for controlling the adjusting screw 32 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the cross-sectional size of the mixing section 242 is about its internal hydrogen passage capacity, and thus about the overall gas supply capacity of the corresponding flow-directing channel 24 and even the entire hydrogen injector. When matching a hydrogen fuel cell using a lower power load. The hydrogen fuel cell has low air supply requirement and low hydrogen flow rate, and can cause poor injection effect. The adjusting screw rod 32 is rotated through the rotating head 35 so as to drive the adjusting mechanism 31 to slide in the mixing section 242, so that the cross section area of the mixing section 242 can be reduced, the flow rate of the mixed hydrogen with the same volume in the same time of the mixing section 242 can be increased, the air pressure is reduced, the injection effect can be enhanced, and the hydrogen injector can be matched with a hydrogen fuel cell with lower power load. When the cross section area of the mixing section 242 is increased, the maximum hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen ejector is increased, so that the hydrogen ejector can be matched with a high-power load hydrogen fuel cell.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the rotating head 35 includes a synchronizing wheel 351 and a control head 352, the synchronizing wheel 351 and the control head 352 are cylindrical, the synchronizing wheel 351 is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw 32 and located outside the injection part 2, and the control head 352 is fixedly connected to one end of the synchronizing wheel 351 far away from the adjusting screw 32. A belt 37 for maintaining the synchronous rotation of each synchronizing wheel 351 is commonly connected between the synchronizing wheels 351, and each synchronizing wheel 351 supports the belt 37 in tension. By adjusting one adjusting screw 32, synchronous adjustment of all adjusting screws 32 can be realized, operation complexity is reduced, and adjustment accuracy of the mixing section 242 is improved.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen injector, includes hydrogen supply portion (1) and injection portion (2), its characterized in that: an air inlet channel (11) is formed in the hydrogen supply part (1), a hydrogen inlet (12) for introducing compressed hydrogen is formed in the outside of the hydrogen supply part (1) and is communicated with the air inlet channel (11), a plurality of diversion channels (13) are formed in the hydrogen supply part (1), the diversion channels (13) are all communicated with the air inlet channel (11), a plurality of nozzles (14) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diversion channels (13) are formed in the hydrogen supply part (1), the nozzles (14) are all communicated with the corresponding diversion channels (13), the caliber of the nozzles (14) is reduced along the direction away from the diversion channels (13), a plurality of injection cavities (21) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the nozzles (14) are formed in one side of the hydrogen supply part (2), the nozzles (14) are all extended into the corresponding injection cavities (21), an injection inlet (22) for introducing hydrogen of a hydrogen fuel cell stack is formed in the injection part (2), a plurality of injection channels (23) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the injection cavities (21) are formed in the injection part (2), the injection channels (24) are formed in the injection part (2) and are in one-to-one correspondence with the injection cavities (21), the pile inlets (25) are in one-to-one correspondence with the diversion channels (24) and are respectively communicated with the corresponding diversion channels (24).
2. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the diversion channel (24) comprises an inlet section (241), a mixing section (242) and an outlet section (243) which are mutually communicated, wherein the inlet section (241), the mixing section (242) and the outlet section (243) are sequentially arranged along the direction away from the nozzle (14), the inlet section (241) is communicated with the injection cavity (21) and the mixing section (242) and the caliber of the inlet section (241) is increased along the direction away from the mixing section (242), the outlet section (243) is communicated with the mixing section (242) and the pile inlet (25) and the caliber of the outlet section (243) is increased along the direction away from the mixing section (242).
3. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a converging channel (26) which is communicated with each guide-out section (243) is formed in the injection part (2), and a sealing plate (251) is detachably connected at the pile inlet (25).
4. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a mixing section (242) sliding connection has adjustment mechanism (31) and slip direction perpendicular to mixing section (242) length direction, injection portion (2) threaded connection has a plurality of to be used for in injection portion (2) external control adjustment mechanism (31) gliding adjusting screw (32), adjustment screw (32) perpendicular to adjustment mechanism (31) set up, adjustment mechanism (31) are close to adjusting screw (32) one side fixedly connected with a plurality of regulating block (33), joint chamber (331) have been seted up in adjusting block (33), joint chamber (331) internal rotation is connected with fixture block (34) and axis of rotation and adjusting screw (32) length direction are parallel, fixture block (34) shape size and joint chamber (331) phase-match, fixture block (34) are kept away from adjusting plate (311) one end and adjusting screw (32) coaxial fixed connection, adjusting screw (32) are kept away from adjustment mechanism (31) one end and are located injection portion (2) outside and fixedly connected with and are used for controlling adjusting screw (32) pivoted rotating head (35).
5. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as defined in claim 4, wherein: adjustment mechanism (31) are including regulating plate (311) and stabilizer plate (312), stabilizer plate (312) thickness is greater than regulating plate (311), set up in injection portion (2) and be on a parallel with regulation chamber (27) that mixed section (242) length direction set up, stabilizer plate (312) sliding connection is in regulation chamber (27), regulating plate (311) sliding connection is in mixed section (242), fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed's connecting rod (36) between stabilizer plate (312) and regulator plate (311), regulating block (33) and stabilizer plate (312) fixed connection.
6. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as defined in claim 4, wherein: the rotating head (35) comprises synchronous wheels (351) and control heads (352), the synchronous wheels (351) are fixedly connected with the adjusting screw (32), the control heads (352) are fixedly connected to the synchronous wheels (351) and away from one end of the adjusting screw (32), belts (37) used for keeping the synchronous wheels (351) to rotate synchronously are connected between the synchronous wheels (351), and the synchronous wheels (351) support the belts (37) in a tension state.
7. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply part (1) is provided with a first switch valve (4) for controlling the on-off of the air inlet channel (11) and a regulating valve (5) for controlling the flow of the air inlet channel (11), the injection channel (23) is provided with a second switch valve (6) for controlling the on-off of the injection channel (23), and the injection part (2) is provided with a pump port (28) communicated with the converging channel (26).
8. A fuel cell hydrogen injector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply part (1) is provided with a first pressure sensor (7) for measuring the pressure in the air inlet channel (11), the first pressure sensor (7) is communicated with the air inlet channel (11), the injection part (2) is provided with a second pressure sensor (8) for measuring the pressure of the converging channel (26), and the second pressure sensor (8) is communicated with the converging channel (26).
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| CN202310066533.9A CN116314939B (en) | 2023-01-16 | 2023-01-16 | Hydrogen ejector of fuel cell |
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| JP2007005037A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-01-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
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| CN114876887A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-09 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Control valve, ejector, fuel cell system and vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007005037A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-01-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008192514A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-21 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2020126729A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| CN113675437A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-19 | 上海澄朴科技有限公司 | End cover ejector of hydrogen circulating pump and fuel cell system |
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