CN116308147B - Water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system - Google Patents
Water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116308147B CN116308147B CN202310199784.4A CN202310199784A CN116308147B CN 116308147 B CN116308147 B CN 116308147B CN 202310199784 A CN202310199784 A CN 202310199784A CN 116308147 B CN116308147 B CN 116308147B
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
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Abstract
The application provides a water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system, which comprises an enterprise declaration terminal, a management terminal, a field acquisition terminal, a data processing terminal and a field control terminal; the enterprise reporting terminal sends a sewage discharge request to the management terminal; the management terminal sends a field acquisition instruction to a field acquisition terminal of a corresponding enterprise; the method comprises the steps that a field acquisition terminal acquires heavy metal detection data of sewage to be discharged of enterprises and transmits the acquired heavy metal detection data to a data processing terminal; the data processing terminal analyzes and processes the heavy metal detection data and transmits the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal; the management terminal also generates a discharge permission instruction when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sends the discharge permission instruction to the site control terminal of the corresponding enterprise; the field control terminal discharges the sewage to be discharged of the enterprise to a downstream treatment place. The application is beneficial to independently and accurately controlling the sewage discharge of enterprises in a park, for example, and improves the water environment control effect of the park.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water environment pollution prevention and control, in particular to a water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system.
Background
At present, an industrial park generally builds a sewage treatment plant for treating sewage in the park to intensively treat sewage generated by each enterprise in the park, but along with the enlargement of the park scale and the enlargement of the enterprise productivity, scale and the like, the treatment pressure of the sewage treatment plant in the park is increasingly increased.
Therefore, a new sewage treatment mode is proposed, namely, each enterprise in the park carries out primary treatment on the sewage which is generated and needs to be discharged, and the sewage is discharged to a sewage treatment plant for secondary treatment after the heavy metal content of the sewage reaches the standard, so that the overall effect of the sewage treatment in the park is improved, and the pressure of the sewage treatment plant is reduced.
In the above-mentioned sewage treatment mode, the quality of the discharged sewage is usually self-checked and self-supervised by the enterprises themselves, and some technologies are to supervise that the content of harmful heavy metals in the sewage discharged by the enterprises exceeds the standard by spot check on the content of heavy metals in the sewage discharged by the enterprises. However, by means of enterprise self-checking or spot checking, a monitoring dead angle is easy to exist, so that part of sewage with heavy metal content is discharged to the downstream, heavy metal pollution is caused, and the pressure of a sewage treatment plant is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the monitoring of heavy metal pollution of sewage discharge of enterprises in a park is easy to cause supervision dead angles at present, so that part of sewage with heavy metal content is discharged to the downstream, heavy metal pollution is caused, and the pressure of a sewage treatment plant is increased, the application aims to provide a system for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution of a water environment.
The aim of the application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the application provides a water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system, which comprises an enterprise reporting terminal, a management terminal, a field acquisition terminal, a data processing terminal and a field control terminal;
the enterprise reporting terminal is used for sending a sewage discharge request to the management terminal after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge;
the management terminal is used for sending a field acquisition instruction to the field acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise according to the received sewage discharge request;
the on-site acquisition terminal is arranged in a sewage treatment station of the enterprise and is used for acquiring heavy metal detection data of sewage to be discharged by the enterprise according to the received on-site acquisition instruction and transmitting the acquired heavy metal detection data to the data processing terminal;
the data processing terminal is used for analyzing and processing the heavy metal detection data according to the received sewage detection data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal;
the management terminal is also used for generating a discharge permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the discharge permission instruction to the site control terminal of the corresponding enterprise;
the field control terminal is used for discharging the sewage to be discharged of the enterprise to a downstream treatment place according to the received discharge permission instruction.
Preferably, the downstream treatment site comprises a sewage treatment plant.
Preferably, the enterprise reporting terminal comprises a request unit and an identity verification unit;
the request unit is used for generating an enterprise sewage discharge request after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge, and sending the sewage discharge request to the management terminal;
the identity verification unit is used for collecting identity information of a user applying for the sewage discharge request when the sewage discharge request is generated, and integrating the collected identity information into the sewage discharge request.
Preferably, the on-site acquisition terminal comprises a sampling unit and a heavy metal detection unit, wherein the sampling unit and the heavy metal detection unit are arranged in a sewage pool to be discharged in an enterprise sewage treatment station;
the sampling unit is used for sampling sewage to be discharged;
the heavy metal detection unit is used for detecting heavy metal in the sampled sewage to be discharged to obtain heavy metal detection data, and transmitting the heavy metal sampling data to the data processing terminal.
Preferably, the sampling unit comprises a water sample collecting pipe and a detecting tank, wherein the water sample collecting pipe is used for collecting sewage to be discharged from the sewage tank to be discharged to the detecting tank;
the heavy metal detection unit collects heavy metal detection data based on a spectrum detection technology, wherein the heavy metal detection unit comprises a light source and a spectrometer, the light source is used for emitting continuous wavelength light beams to sewage to be discharged, sampled in a detection tank, the spectrometer is used for receiving the light beams to obtain spectrum curve data, and the spectrum curve data is used as heavy metal detection data to be transmitted to the data processing terminal.
Preferably, the data processing terminal comprises a model management unit, a preprocessing unit and a heavy metal analysis unit;
the model management unit is used for storing a heavy metal analysis model;
the pretreatment unit is used for carrying out pretreatment on the received heavy metal detection data to obtain pretreated heavy metal detection data;
the heavy metal analysis unit is used for analyzing by adopting a heavy metal analysis model according to the pretreated heavy metal detection data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal; wherein the heavy metal detection result comprises concentration data of one or more heavy metal elements.
Preferably, the management terminal comprises a configuration management unit, an acquisition control unit and an emission control unit;
the configuration management unit is used for setting basic configuration information of each enterprise in the park, wherein the basic configuration information comprises enterprise basic information, field acquisition terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise and field control terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise;
the acquisition control unit is used for carrying out basic information verification according to the received sewage discharge request, and when the verification is passed, the on-site acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise sends an on-site acquisition instruction;
the emission control unit is used for generating an emission permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the emission permission instruction to a site control terminal of a corresponding enterprise; and if the heavy metal detection result is not up to standard, sending sewage heavy metal non-up to standard information to enterprise reporting terminals of corresponding enterprises.
Preferably, the management terminal is respectively in wireless communication connection with an enterprise reporting terminal, a field acquisition terminal and a field control terminal of each enterprise in the campus, and is in wireless communication connection with a uniformly arranged data processing terminal, so that data interaction among the terminals in the system is realized.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: according to the application, the enterprise reporting terminal, the site acquisition terminal and the site control terminal are arranged in each enterprise in the park, and the management terminal is arranged in a unified manner for each enterprise in the park, so that the sewage discharge of each enterprise in the park can be uniformly controlled, when the enterprise needs to discharge the sewage, the management terminal uniformly controls the site acquisition terminal to detect heavy metals in the sewage to be discharged, analyzes whether the heavy metal content exceeds the standard according to detection data, uniformly controls the sewage discharge reaching the standard according to the analysis result, and does not allow the discharge if the sewage does not reach the standard. The application is beneficial to independent and accurate control of sewage discharge of enterprises in the park, realizes effective control of heavy metal pollution of sewage in the park, and indirectly reduces sewage treatment pressure and effect of sewage treatment plants in the downstream of the park.
Drawings
The application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort from the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a frame construction diagram of a water environment heavy metal pollution prevention and control system according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific configuration framework of each terminal in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The application is further described in connection with the following application scenario.
Referring to the embodiment of fig. 1, a system for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution in water environment is shown, which comprises an enterprise reporting terminal, a management terminal, a field acquisition terminal, a data processing terminal and a field control terminal;
the enterprise reporting terminal is used for sending a sewage discharge request to the management terminal after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge;
the management terminal is used for sending a field acquisition instruction to the field acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise according to the received sewage discharge request;
the on-site acquisition terminal is arranged in a sewage treatment station of the enterprise and is used for acquiring heavy metal detection data of sewage to be discharged by the enterprise according to the received on-site acquisition instruction and transmitting the acquired heavy metal detection data to the data processing terminal;
the data processing terminal is used for analyzing and processing the heavy metal detection data according to the received sewage detection data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal;
the management terminal is also used for generating a discharge permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the discharge permission instruction to the site control terminal of the corresponding enterprise;
the field control terminal is used for discharging the sewage to be discharged of the enterprise to a downstream treatment place according to the received discharge permission instruction.
According to the application, the enterprise reporting terminal, the site acquisition terminal and the site control terminal are arranged in each enterprise in the park, and the management terminal is arranged in a unified manner for each enterprise in the park, so that the sewage discharge of each enterprise in the park can be uniformly controlled, when the enterprise needs to discharge the sewage, the management terminal uniformly controls the site acquisition terminal to detect heavy metals in the sewage to be discharged, analyzes whether the heavy metal content exceeds the standard according to detection data, uniformly controls the sewage discharge reaching the standard according to the analysis result, and does not allow the discharge if the sewage does not reach the standard. The application is beneficial to independent and accurate control of sewage discharge of enterprises in the park, realizes effective control of heavy metal pollution of sewage in the park, indirectly reduces sewage treatment pressure of sewage treatment plants in the downstream of the park and improves the effect of controlling water environment and sewage discharge in the park.
Preferably, the management terminal is respectively in wireless communication connection with an enterprise reporting terminal, a field acquisition terminal and a field control terminal of each enterprise in the campus, and is in wireless communication connection with a uniformly arranged data processing terminal, so that data interaction among the terminals in the system is realized.
Each enterprise is provided with an enterprise reporting terminal, a field acquisition terminal and a field control terminal, wherein the enterprise reporting terminal can be configured based on a mobile phone, a computer or special intelligent equipment and the like, and the data communication connection between the enterprise reporting terminal and a management terminal is realized by loading special APP on the equipment. The on-site acquisition terminal is arranged in a local sewage treatment station of an enterprise and is used for acquiring heavy metal data in sewage to be discharged which is treated once by the enterprise; the field control terminal is arranged at the sewage discharge gate of the enterprise to intelligently control the discharge gate. The management terminal is configured based on intelligent equipment of the management department, and wireless interaction can be conducted on terminals of enterprises in the park in a centralized mode through the management terminal.
The data processing terminal can be configured based on equipment with strong operation capability such as a cloud computing platform or a local server of the campus, and the data processing terminal is used for analyzing and processing heavy metal detection data obtained by each enterprise in the campus to obtain a corresponding heavy metal content analysis result.
Preferably, the downstream treatment facility includes a site for centralized treatment of the sewage from the park, such as a sewage treatment plant for the park.
After the sewage discharge after the primary treatment of the enterprise, reach the garden sewage treatment plant and carry out secondary treatment, help carrying out effective management and control to the whole sewage discharge in garden, improve the effect of managing and controlling the sewage discharge in garden.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the management terminal includes a configuration management unit;
the configuration management unit is used for setting basic configuration information of each enterprise in the park, wherein the basic configuration information comprises enterprise basic information, field acquisition terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise and field control terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise.
According to the actual conditions of enterprises in a park, in the system initialization stage, basic configuration of enterprise management terminals, enterprise terminal information input and the like is completed according to basic information of the enterprises, configured field acquisition terminals, field control terminal ID information and the like, and a foundation is laid for the subsequent realization of data interaction and remote control of the system.
Preferably, the enterprise reporting terminal comprises a request unit and an identity verification unit;
the request unit is used for generating an enterprise sewage discharge request after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge, and sending the sewage discharge request to the management terminal;
the identity verification unit is used for collecting identity information of a user applying for the sewage discharge request when the sewage discharge request is generated, and integrating the collected identity information into the sewage discharge request.
The enterprise reporting terminal is provided with the identity verification unit, acquires identity information of users (such as enterprise management personnel, sewage treatment personnel and the like) requesting sewage discharge, correlates information of responsible persons corresponding to enterprises with sewage discharge requests, is favorable for follow-up tracking and unified management of relevant responsible persons according to treatment results of the enterprise sewage discharge requests, effectively tracks and inquires sewage discharge heavy metal pollution conditions, avoids the condition that the enterprise sewage discharge heavy metal exceeds standard and is unclear in responsibility, and is favorable for improving management level of garden sewage discharge heavy metal pollution prevention and control.
The identity information of the enterprise responsible person comprises the identity information of the enterprise, the name, the contact information, face image data acquired in real time and the like.
Preferably, the identity verification unit further comprises an image acquisition unit, wherein the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring face image data of a responsible person for sewage discharge of the enterprise in real time when the enterprise sends a sewage discharge request, carrying out identity recognition according to the acquired face image data, and integrating identity information of the responsible person into the sewage discharge request.
The park manager can acquire corresponding responsible person information according to the acquired sewage discharge request and contact with the responsible person when needed. Wherein, for the normalization of improvement enterprise sewage discharge operation and avoid the condition such as management confusion, when the enterprise needs to carry out sewage discharge, still gather special responsible person's real-time face image data for the garden manager can judge whether enterprise sewage discharge operating personnel is the personnel of filing according to the face image data of collecting in real time, in order to supervise and improve enterprise sewage discharge's normalization. Avoiding the occurrence of irregular sewage discharge of enterprises caused by insufficient qualification/literacy of responsible persons.
Preferably, the management terminal further comprises an acquisition control unit;
the acquisition control unit is used for carrying out basic information verification according to the received sewage discharge request, and when the verification is passed, the on-site acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise sends out an on-site acquisition instruction.
When the management terminal receives a sewage discharge request sent by an enterprise, a manager verifies and records identity information (such as identity information of a responsible person of the enterprise, face image data of the responsible person collected in real time and the like) carried in the sewage discharge request and basic information (such as enterprise name, current total sewage discharge amount, planned sewage discharge amount and the like) of the corresponding enterprise; and after the verification is passed, further issuing a field acquisition instruction.
Preferably, the on-site acquisition terminal comprises a sampling unit and a heavy metal detection unit, wherein the sampling unit and the heavy metal detection unit are arranged in a sewage pool to be discharged in an enterprise sewage treatment station;
the sampling unit is used for sampling sewage to be discharged;
the heavy metal detection unit is used for detecting heavy metal in the sampled sewage to be discharged to obtain heavy metal detection data, and transmitting the heavy metal sampling data to the data processing terminal.
Preferably, the sampling unit comprises a water sample collecting pipe and a detecting tank, wherein the water sample collecting pipe is used for collecting sewage to be discharged from the sewage tank to be discharged to the detecting tank;
the heavy metal detection unit collects heavy metal detection data based on a spectrum detection technology, wherein the heavy metal detection unit comprises a light source and a spectrometer, the light source is used for emitting continuous wavelength light beams to sewage to be discharged, sampled in a detection tank, the spectrometer is used for receiving the light beams to obtain spectrum curve data, and the spectrum curve data is used as heavy metal detection data to be transmitted to the data processing terminal.
The spectrum detection technology comprises a microwave plasma emission spectrum detection technology, a fluorescence spectrum detection technology, an inductive coupling plasma emission spectrum detection technology and the like.
Preferably, the on-site acquisition terminal further comprises a temperature detection unit;
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting temperature data of sewage to be discharged and transmitting the temperature data to the data processing terminal as heavy metal detection data.
After the generated sewage is subjected to primary treatment such as precipitation and the like, the sewage to be discharged is stored in a sewage pool to be discharged by the sewage treatment station of the enterprise. After receiving the on-site acquisition instruction, the sampling unit samples the sewage to be discharged in a sampling mode and the like, and samples the sewage to be discharged into the detection pool; the light source of the heavy metal detection unit irradiates light beams (such as continuous wavelength (100-1000 nm) or multi-wavelength LEDs, lasers and the like) emitted by sewage to be discharged in the detection tank, the light beams are received by the spectrometer and subjected to spectral analysis, spectral curve data are obtained, and the obtained spectral curve data are transmitted to the data processing terminal for further analysis and treatment of heavy metal content.
Preferably, the on-site acquisition terminal further comprises a cleaning unit, wherein the cleaning unit is used for cleaning the detection tank after the belt-discharged sewage is sampled, so that the reliability of the belt-discharged sewage sampling is improved.
Preferably, the data processing terminal comprises a model management unit, a preprocessing unit and a heavy metal analysis unit;
the model management unit is used for storing a heavy metal analysis model;
the pretreatment unit is used for carrying out pretreatment on the received heavy metal detection data to obtain pretreated heavy metal detection data;
the heavy metal analysis unit is used for analyzing by adopting a heavy metal analysis model according to the pretreated heavy metal detection data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal; wherein the heavy metal detection result comprises concentration data of one or more heavy metal elements.
The heavy metal analysis model can be a standard inversion calculation model obtained according to different heavy metals or an analysis model built based on a neural network; the standard inversion calculation model is a standard inversion calculation model obtained according to the relation between the radiation absorbance of heavy metal in a specific frequency band and the concentration of heavy metal ions, and in the process of analyzing the concentration of the heavy metal, the radiation absorbance data of the corresponding wave band in the obtained spectrum curve data is substituted into the standard inversion calculation model, so that the corresponding heavy metal concentration data can be obtained; the standard reproduction calculation model can be obtained by means of a least square method and the like based on training data.
The analysis model built based on the neural network is trained by constructing a training set and a model by using temperature data, spectrum curve data, corresponding heavy metal concentration standard data and the like, so that a trained analysis model is obtained, when heavy metal concentration analysis is specifically carried out, the temperature data, spectrum curve data and the like acquired through the on-site acquisition terminal are constructed into an input set, the input set is input into the trained analysis model, and the output result of the analysis model is concentration data of one or more heavy metal ions.
Under the condition of building an actual system, heavy metal detection data, such as spectrum curve data and the like, collected by a field collection terminal are easily influenced by environmental factors (such as water body shaking and field device electromagnetic interference) of a detection pool in the collection process, so that noise interference exists in the collected spectrum curve data, and the accuracy of analyzing the heavy metal concentration according to the spectrum curve data is influenced. Therefore, the data processing terminal is provided with the preprocessing unit, and can perform first preprocessing on the received heavy metal detection data, particularly on the spectrum curve data, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum curve data. And the accuracy of the subsequent heavy metal concentration analysis according to the spectrum curve data is improved.
Preferably, the preprocessing unit is used for preprocessing the received spectrum curve data, and specifically includes:
assuming that the received spectrum curve data is Y (k), wherein k represents a variable, corresponds to different wavelengths, and is expressed in nm, and Y (k) represents the radiation absorbance corresponding to the wavelength k, and is expressed in A;
performing primary wavelet decomposition based on db2 wavelet basis on the received spectrum curve data Y (k) to obtain a low-frequency wavelet coefficient wl (k) and a high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh (k) of the spectrum curve data;
and performing primary filtering according to the obtained high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh (k), wherein the adopted primary filtering function is as follows:
wherein wh (k) represents the kth high frequency wavelet coefficient and T represents a fixed threshold, whereinDelta represents noise intensity estimation, N represents the length of the data; alpha represents a smoothing regulator, where alpha E [2,3 ]]Beta represents an approximation regulator, where beta ε [1,10 ]]，wh ′ (k) Representing the high-frequency wavelet coefficient after primary filtering treatment;
according to the high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh after primary filtering treatment ′ (k) Reconstructing to obtain high-frequency component data xh '(k) of the spectrum curve data, and further performing empirical mode separation according to the obtained high-frequency component data xh' (k)Solving to obtain a plurality of IMF components { IMF } h1 ,IMF h2 ,…IMF hn Sum of margins IMF hu Wherein n represents the total number of IMF components;
based on the obtained first IMF component IMF h1 And performing secondary filtering treatment, wherein the adopted secondary filtering treatment function is as follows:
wherein, IMF h ′ 1 (k) Representing the first IMF component after the secondary filtering process, IMF h1 (k) Representing the magnitude, zcr (IMF h1 ) And zcr (IMF) h2 ) The zero crossing rates of the first IMF component and the second IMF component are respectively represented, and gamma represents a set judgment factor, wherein gamma epsilon [2.5,4 ]]；f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]Representing a seek function, wherein when IMF h2 (k)>0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]The value of (a) is the amplitude of the maximum value (the peak) nearest to the kth element in the second IMF component; when IMF h2 (k)<0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]The value of (a) is the amplitude of the minimum value (trough) nearest to the kth element in the second IMF component; IMF (inertial measurement unit) h2 (k) When=0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]＝0；IMF h3 (k) Representing the magnitude of the kth element in the third IMF component; mu 1 and mu 2 represent the set filter factors, respectively, where mu 1E [0.1,0.2]；μ2∈[0.1,0.2]；
According to the first IMF component IMF after the secondary filtering process h ′ 1 (k) Remaining IMF components { IMF h2 ,…IMF hn Sum of margins IMF hu Reconstructing to obtain high-frequency component data xh' (k) after filtering;
reconstructing according to the obtained low-frequency wavelet coefficient wl (k) to obtain low-frequency component data xl (k) of spectrum curve data;
and performing a third filtering process according to the obtained low-frequency component data xl (k), wherein the adopted third filtering process function is as follows:
wherein xl ′ (k) Representing the low frequency component data after the third filtering process, xl (k) representing the magnitude of the kth element in the low frequency component data, f 1 [xl(k)]And f 2 [xl(k)]Representing a find function, where f 1 [xl(k)]Representing the amplitude of the nearest maximum (peak) to the kth element in the low frequency component data, f 2 [xl(k)]Representing the magnitude of the minimum (trough) nearest to the kth element in the low frequency component data,representing a regulating function, wherein->
According to the high-frequency component data xh' (k) after the filtering process and the low-frequency component data xl after the filtering process ′ (k) And reconstructing to obtain the preprocessed spectrum curve data.
Further, the heavy metal analysis unit analyzes the pretreated spectral curve data by adopting a heavy metal analysis model to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmits the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal.
According to the technical scheme for preprocessing the spectrum curve data, the spectrum curve data is divided into a low-frequency part and a high-frequency part according to wavelet decomposition, and the obtained high-frequency part contains environmental noise and high-frequency noise influence (such as field device electromagnetic interference) in consideration of the influence of the environmental noise and the high-frequency noise, so that primary filtering processing is firstly performed according to the obtained high-frequency wavelet coefficient, a primary filtering processing function is provided, noise in the high-frequency component is particularly removed in the filtering process, the situation that data distortion is caused by the excessive processing in the smoothing process is avoided, and coarse processing is effectively performed on the noise influence in the high-frequency part; meanwhile, after primary filtering treatment, further performing empirical mode decomposition according to the obtained high-frequency component data, performing secondary filtering treatment on the highest-frequency IMF component obtained by follow-up, and further performing secondary smoothing on burr data in a high-frequency part, wherein a secondary filtering function is provided, the burr characteristic condition of curve data can be reflected by considering the zero crossing rate characteristics of the highest-frequency IMF component and the next-highest-frequency IMF component, and when the next-highest-frequency IMF component tends to be smooth, namely the zero crossing rate is reduced to a larger extent, the highest-frequency IMF component is suppressed according to the maximum value and the minimum value characteristic of the next-highest-frequency IMF component so as to perform self-adaptive smoothing on the burr characteristic of the high-frequency part; when the secondary high-frequency IMF component still has larger fluctuation, namely the zero crossing rate is reduced to be smaller, the maximum value and minimum value characteristics of the secondary high-frequency IMF component are used for carrying out the suppression processing on the highest-frequency IMF component, and the amplitude characteristics of the third IMF component are further used for compensating, so that the situation that useful information of noise is lost in the suppression processing process is avoided, the useful characteristics are reserved to the greatest extent while noise interference is removed, and the quality of data is improved. For the processing of the low-frequency part, considering that the special type reflecting the heavy metal content in the spectrum curve data is usually concentrated in a specific wave band, the application provides a third filtering function for carrying out fine adjustment processing on the low-frequency part, which can carry out fine adjustment on the low-frequency part based on the wave crest and wave trough characteristics of the spectrum curve change, remove possible low-frequency noise (such as water body shaking) and simultaneously furthest keep the change trend and amplitude characteristics of the spectrum curve. By means of the method, the received spectrum data are preprocessed, the quality of spectrum curve data can be effectively improved, the accuracy of reflecting heavy metal content in the sewage to be processed by the spectrum curve data is improved, and the reliability of subsequent heavy metal content analysis according to the spectrum curve data is improved.
Preferably, the data processing terminal further comprises a data management unit;
the management terminal synchronously uploads the received sewage discharge request information, the sent site acquisition instruction information and the sent discharge permission instruction information to the data processing terminal; and the data management module is used for archiving and managing the emission request information, the corresponding heavy metal detection data, the heavy metal content analysis result, the on-site acquisition instruction information and the emission permission instruction information.
Based on the data processing terminal, the data processing terminal files and manages the related data of sewage discharge generated in the park, so that a manager can intuitively know the sewage discharge conditions, heavy metal pollution conditions and the like of enterprises and the whole in the park through the file data, and the manager can be assisted to make further heavy metal pollution prevention and control strategies according to the obtained file data.
Preferably, the management terminal further includes an emission control unit;
the emission control unit is used for generating an emission permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the emission permission instruction to a site control terminal of a corresponding enterprise; and if the heavy metal detection result is not up to standard, sending sewage heavy metal non-up to standard information to enterprise reporting terminals of corresponding enterprises.
When the heavy metal concentration of the sewage to be discharged reaches the standard, the enterprises are allowed to discharge the sewage with the discharge, otherwise, the information that the heavy metal concentration does not reach the standard is fed back to the enterprises, the enterprises perform further primary treatment on the sewage to be discharged, and the sewage is allowed to discharge after the sewage is detected again and reaches the standard.
Preferably, the site control terminal is arranged at a drain gate of a sewage pool to be drained by an enterprise, and controls the drain gate to be opened according to a drain permission instruction so that sewage can be drained downstream.
It should be noted that, in each embodiment of the present application, each functional unit/module may be integrated in one processing unit/module, or each unit/module may exist alone physically, or two or more units/modules may be integrated in one unit/module. The integrated units/modules described above may be implemented either in hardware or in software functional units/modules.
From the description of the embodiments above, those skilled in the art may implement the embodiments described herein in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following units: an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For a software implementation, some or all of the flow of an embodiment may be accomplished by a computer program to instruct the associated hardware. When implemented, the above-described programs may be stored in or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. The computer readable media can include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the scope of the present application, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The system for preventing and controlling the heavy metal pollution in the water environment is characterized by comprising an enterprise declaration terminal, a management terminal, a field acquisition terminal, a data processing terminal and a field control terminal;
the enterprise reporting terminal is used for sending a sewage discharge request to the management terminal after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge;
the management terminal is used for sending a field acquisition instruction to the field acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise according to the received sewage discharge request;
the on-site acquisition terminal is arranged in a sewage treatment station of the enterprise and is used for acquiring heavy metal detection data of sewage to be discharged by the enterprise according to the received on-site acquisition instruction and transmitting the acquired heavy metal detection data to the data processing terminal;
the data processing terminal is used for analyzing and processing the heavy metal detection data according to the received sewage detection data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal;
the management terminal is also used for generating a discharge permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the discharge permission instruction to the site control terminal of the corresponding enterprise;
the field control terminal is used for discharging the sewage to be discharged of the enterprise to a downstream treatment place according to the received discharge permission instruction;
the on-site acquisition terminal comprises a sampling unit, a heavy metal detection unit and a temperature detection unit, wherein the sampling unit, the heavy metal detection unit and the temperature detection unit are arranged in a sewage pool to be discharged in an enterprise sewage treatment station;
the sampling unit is used for sampling sewage to be discharged;
the heavy metal detection unit is used for acquiring heavy metal detection data based on a spectrum detection technology, wherein the heavy metal detection unit comprises a light source and a spectrometer, the light source is used for emitting continuous wavelength light beams to sewage to be discharged, which is sampled in a detection tank, the spectrometer is used for receiving the light beams to obtain spectrum curve data, and the spectrum curve data is used as heavy metal detection data to be transmitted to the data processing terminal;
the sampling unit comprises a water sample collecting pipe and a detection tank, wherein the water sample collecting pipe is used for collecting sewage to be discharged from the sewage tank to be discharged to the detection tank;
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting temperature data of the sewage to be discharged and transmitting the temperature data to the data processing terminal as heavy metal detection data;
the data processing terminal comprises a model management unit, a preprocessing unit and a heavy metal analysis unit;
the model management unit is used for storing a heavy metal analysis model;
the preprocessing unit is used for preprocessing the received spectrum curve data to obtain preprocessed spectrum curve data;
the heavy metal analysis unit is used for analyzing by adopting a heavy metal analysis model according to the temperature data and the pretreated spectrum curve data to obtain a heavy metal detection result, and transmitting the heavy metal detection result to the management terminal; wherein the heavy metal detection result comprises concentration data of one or more heavy metal elements;
the heavy metal analysis model comprises a standard inversion calculation model obtained according to different heavy metals or an analysis model built based on a neural network; the standard inversion calculation model is a standard inversion calculation model obtained according to the relation between the radiation absorbance of heavy metal in a specific frequency band and the concentration of heavy metal ions, and in the process of heavy metal concentration analysis, the radiation absorbance data of the corresponding wave band in the obtained spectrum curve data are substituted into the standard inversion calculation model to obtain the corresponding heavy metal concentration data;
the preprocessing unit is used for preprocessing the received spectrum curve data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
assuming that the received spectrum curve data is Y (k), wherein k represents a variable, corresponds to different wavelengths, and is expressed in nm, and Y (k) represents the radiation absorbance corresponding to the wavelength k, and is expressed in A;
performing primary wavelet decomposition based on db2 wavelet basis on the received spectrum curve data Y (k) to obtain a low-frequency wavelet coefficient wl (k) and a high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh (k) of the spectrum curve data;
and performing primary filtering according to the obtained high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh (k), wherein the adopted primary filtering function is as follows:
wherein wh (k) represents the kth high frequency wavelet coefficient and T represents a fixed threshold, whereinDelta represents noise intensity estimation, N represents the length of the data; alpha represents a smoothing regulator, where alpha E [2,3 ]]Beta represents an approximation regulator, where beta ε [1,10 ]]Wh' (k) represents a high-frequency wavelet coefficient after the primary filtering process;
reconstructing according to the high-frequency wavelet coefficient wh ' (k) after primary filtering processing to obtain high-frequency component data xh ' (k) of spectrum curve data, and further performing empirical mode decomposition according to the obtained high-frequency component data xh ' (k) to obtain a plurality of IMF components { IMF h1 ，IMF h2 ，...IMF hn Sum of margins IMF hu Wherein n represents the total number of IMF components;
based on the obtained first IMF component IMF h1 And performing secondary filtering treatment, wherein the adopted secondary filtering treatment function is as follows:
wherein, IMF' h1 (k) Representing the first IMF component after the secondary filtering process, IMF h1 (k) Representing the magnitude, zcr (IMF h1 ) And zcr (IMF) h2 ) The zero crossing rates of the first IMF component and the second IMF component are respectively represented, and gamma represents a set judgment factor, wherein gamma epsilon [2.5,4 ]]；f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]Representing a seek function, wherein when IMF h2 (k) At > 0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]The value of (a) is the amplitude of the maximum value (the peak) nearest to the kth element in the second IMF component; when IMF h2 (k) When < 0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]The value of (a) is the amplitude of the minimum value (trough) nearest to the kth element in the second IMF component; IMF (inertial measurement unit) h2 (k) When=0, f 0 [IMF h2 (k)]＝0；IMF h3 (k) Representing the magnitude of the kth element in the third IMF component; mu (mu)1 and mu 2 respectively represent the set filter factors, where mu 1E [0.1,0.2 ]]；μ2∈[0.1，0.2]；
According to the first IMF component IMF 'after the secondary filtering process' h1 (k) Remaining IMF components { IMF h2 ，...IMF hn Sum of margins IMF hu Reconstructing to obtain high-frequency component data xh' (k) after filtering;
reconstructing according to the obtained low-frequency wavelet coefficient wl (k) to obtain low-frequency component data xl (k) of spectrum curve data;
and performing a third filtering process according to the obtained low-frequency component data xl (k), wherein the adopted third filtering process function is as follows:
wherein xl' (k) represents the low frequency component data after the third filtering process, xl (k) represents the amplitude of the kth element in the low frequency component data, f 1 [xl(k)]And f 2 [xl(k)]Representing a find function, where f 1 [xl(k)]Representing the amplitude of the nearest maximum (peak) to the kth element in the low frequency component data, f 2 [xl(k)]Representing the magnitude of the minimum (trough) nearest to the kth element in the low frequency component data,representing a regulating function, wherein->
And reconstructing according to the high-frequency component data xh '(k) after the filtering process and the low-frequency component data xl' (k) after the filtering process to obtain the preprocessed spectrum curve data.
2. The system for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution of a water environment of claim 1, wherein the downstream treatment site comprises a sewage treatment plant.
3. The system for preventing and controlling the heavy metal pollution of the water environment according to claim 1, wherein the enterprise reporting terminal comprises a request unit and an identity verification unit;
the request unit is used for generating an enterprise sewage discharge request after the enterprise is ready for sewage discharge, and sending the sewage discharge request to the management terminal;
the identity verification unit is used for collecting identity information of a user applying for the sewage discharge request when the sewage discharge request is generated, and integrating the collected identity information into the sewage discharge request.
4. The system for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution in water environment according to claim 1, wherein the management terminal comprises a configuration management unit, an acquisition control unit and an emission control unit;
the configuration management unit is used for setting basic configuration information of each enterprise in the park, wherein the basic configuration information comprises enterprise basic information, field acquisition terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise and field control terminal configuration information corresponding to the enterprise;
the acquisition control unit is used for carrying out basic information verification according to the received sewage discharge request, and when the verification is passed, the on-site acquisition terminal of the corresponding enterprise sends an on-site acquisition instruction;
the emission control unit is used for generating an emission permission instruction according to the received heavy metal detection result when the heavy metal detection result reaches the standard, and sending the emission permission instruction to a site control terminal of a corresponding enterprise; and if the heavy metal detection result is not up to standard, sending sewage heavy metal non-up to standard information to enterprise reporting terminals of corresponding enterprises.
5. The system for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution in water environment according to claim 1, wherein the management terminal is respectively in wireless communication connection with enterprise reporting terminals, field acquisition terminals and field control terminals of enterprises arranged in a campus, and is in wireless communication connection with uniformly arranged data processing terminals, so that data interaction among the terminals in the system is realized.
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