CN116305961A - Profile construction method and system for fluid dynamic analysis of pumping well shaft - Google Patents
Profile construction method and system for fluid dynamic analysis of pumping well shaft Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/008—Monitoring of down-hole pump systems, e.g. for the detection of "pumped-off" conditions
- E21B47/009—Monitoring of walking-beam pump systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a section view construction method and a section view construction system for dynamic analysis of a well shaft flow state of an oil pumping well, wherein the method is based on the well shaft flow state in the process that crude oil is lifted to the ground from an underground oil layer through a well shaft, the flow state is simplified into two flow states of a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase, a well shaft height converted from the average water content and the liquid yield of each stroke of an oil pumping unit is collected in real time through a flow state analyzer and a work diagram sensor at the well head of the oil pumping well as an array, a ground discharge port of the well shaft is set as a reference zero point, the well shaft height is set as an ordinate, and a well shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state section view coordinate system is established by taking the average water content value of each stroke as an abscissa, so that a complete well shaft lifting process that crude oil is discharged from a well bottom oil pump and lifted to the well head is obtained. The sectional view constructed by the invention can intuitively, simply and quickly carry out dynamic analysis of the well bore flow state, is convenient for better understanding the well bore flow state, and plays an effective guiding role for the refined production of the oil well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent analysis of oil well shafts, and particularly relates to a sectional view construction method and system for dynamic analysis of flow state of an oil well shaft.
Background
In the process that petroleum industrial crude oil is lifted to the ground from an underground oil layer through a shaft, the flow morphology analysis of an oil-gas-water mixture is approximately divided into five forms of bubble flow, bullet flow, slug flow, annular flow and mist flow, theoretical calculation formulas are complex, a method for simulating a well bottom working condition test and test on the ground is mostly adopted in the method for researching the shaft flow state, the method is far away from a real flow pattern of an actual stratum and a dissolved gas-driven oil reservoir, a lifting process of a pumping unit for one thousand meters from the oil layer to the ground is carried out, the ground simulation method is completely omitted after a period of ten hours or more, the flow state change in the lifting process cannot be reflected, the flow state change in the middle of real oil-gas slippage cannot be responded, the input static parameters of an oil well need to be mastered up to tens of, and the calculation formulas are also tens of methods.
The crude oil of the underground oil reservoir is relatively in a relatively stable fluid state, the fluid state changes along with the reduction of pressure and temperature in the lifting process of a shaft from stratum to ground by thousands of meters, the fluid state changes irregularly caused by different oil extraction working systems, the conventional method for acquiring the parameters of the underground oil reservoir by logging has great test difficulty, only can periodically implement production logging, real-time monitoring and analysis are not easy to realize, the methods such as logging and well testing of an oil well are more suitable for overall analysis of the oil reservoir in the early stage of well construction, the fluid state of the shaft is not suitable for rapid analysis and knowing in the normal production stage of the oil well, and an effective guiding effect on the refined production of the oil well cannot be realized.
The prior patent document CN 212302876U-shaft simulator adopts the environment in a simulated underground shaft, and can intuitively observe the change of fluid in the shaft simulator by changing factors such as pressure, a well wall simulation module and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the invention provides a sectional view construction method and a system for dynamic analysis of a well shaft flow state of a pumping well, and the sectional view constructed by the method can intuitively, simply and quickly carry out dynamic analysis of the well shaft flow state, is convenient for better understanding the well shaft flow state, and plays an effective guiding role for refined production of the oil well.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the section diagram construction method for the fluid state dynamic analysis of the pumping well shaft comprises the steps of constructing a gas-liquid two-phase fluid section diagram, specifically: the method comprises the steps of simplifying the well shaft flow state of an oil pumping well into two flow states of a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase, collecting the average water content and the liquid yield of each stroke of the oil pumping unit in real time through a flow state analyzer and a work pattern sensor which are arranged at the well head of the oil pumping well, converting each liquid yield into a shaft height through an intelligent unit which is arranged outside the well head of the oil pumping well, taking the shaft height converted from the average water content and the liquid yield as an array, taking a ground crude oil outlet at the upper end of the well shaft of the oil pumping well as an origin, taking the shaft height as a vertical coordinate, taking the average water content value of each stroke as a horizontal coordinate, establishing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the well shaft, drawing the calculated array into the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the well shaft in each stroke cycle, and forming a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of a complete lifting process of the well shaft when the accumulated converted shaft height reaches the pump depth.
Further, the profile construction method further comprises construction of a wellbore pressure curve, specifically: calculating the liquid density in the volume of the shaft section according to the liquid yield of one stroke, the shaft height of the liquid yield and the average water content data, calculating the average pressure of the shaft section, and calculating the outlet pressure of the oil pump through the wellhead pressure; on the basis of the established gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft, the ordinate is unchanged, and another abscissa is established, wherein the abscissa is the shaft average pressure calculated by each corresponding stroke, and a shaft pressure curve of a complete shaft lifting process of crude oil discharged from a well bottom oil pump and lifted to a well head is generated.
Further, when the flow state analyzer monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, judging according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, if the working condition is an air pumping lock working condition, the suction valve and the discharge valve of the oil well pump are in a closed state because of the influence of gas, the oil well pump does not discharge liquid at the moment, the wellhead pipeline does not discharge liquid at the moment, the calculation and the recording of the section diagram data are not performed until the wellhead continues to calculate and record the section diagram data when the liquid exists after the fault of the air pumping lock is removed.
Further, when the flow state analyzer monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, judging that the state of the air suction lock is not the air suction lock according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, and indicating that the inside of the shaft is a pure gas phase section at the moment; and calculating the height of the shaft after each stroke, marking the average water content value as zero, and recording the value as a pair of data input sectional views, wherein the oil pump is continuously discharging liquid into the shaft, but no liquid is discharged from the gas discharged from the wellhead until the lifting of the pure gas phase section is completed, and the accumulated volume of the discharged liquid of each stroke of the oil pump in the time section is the volume of the pure gas phase section.
Further, when the accumulated and converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram is formed, historical data exceeding the pump depth during continuous production is counted into a database for searching and calling of the intelligent unit, and meanwhile, the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram data is transmitted to a monitoring center platform database for searching and calling outside an oil well wellhead in real time through a network.
Further, if the working conditions of the oil well are adjusted, namely: one or more parameters of stroke, stroke frequency, pump depth and pump diameter are changed, a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of a shaft under the current working condition is re-analyzed, and a bottom hole flow pressure, a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase at the inlet of an oil well pump of an oil well are analyzed according to a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile sample library and a shaft pressure curve established under different working conditions.
The invention also provides a section view construction system for dynamically analyzing the flow state of the pumping well shaft, which comprises a flow state analyzer, a work diagram sensor and an intelligent unit; the flow state analyzer and the indicator diagram sensor are both connected with the intelligent unit through electrical signals; the flow state analyzer, the indicator diagram sensor and the intelligent unit are all arranged at the wellhead of the oil well.
Further, the flow state analyzer is used for collecting water content data, temperature and pressure values of the oil well wellhead in real time, when the flow state analyzer does not monitor the water content data, the oil well wellhead is free from liquid discharge, and at the moment, the flow state analyzer is a pure gas phase section, and a collected signal is connected to the intelligent unit; the flow state analyzer is arranged on a wellhead pipeline of the oil well wellhead.
Further, the indicator diagram sensor is used for collecting indicator diagram information of each stroke of the pumping unit at the wellhead of the oil well, acquiring the time that each stroke reaches the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the beam of the pumping unit, accessing the intelligent unit to measure the liquid production amount of each stroke of the pumping unit in real time, and simultaneously diagnosing whether the oil well pump in the shaft of the oil well is in an empty pumping lock state according to the indicator diagram information; the indicator diagram sensor is arranged at the junction of the sucker rod rope hanger and the walking beam of the pumping unit.
Further, the intelligent unit is used for analyzing the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, analyzing and calculating the water content data acquired by the fluid analyzer, taking a complete stroke as a calculation period to obtain the average water content and the liquid production amount in the stroke period, converting the liquid production amount into the shaft height in the oil well shaft according to the liquid production amount and the shaft inner diameter, establishing a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow profile coordinate axis, setting a ground crude oil outlet at the upper end of the oil well shaft as an origin, setting the shaft height as an ordinate, setting the corresponding average water content value of each stroke as an abscissa, forming a profile coordinate system by the continuous average water content value and the shaft height group, setting the maximum value of the ordinate as the pump depth of the oil well pump, forming a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow profile when the accumulated converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, and calling the historical data exceeding the pump depth in the database of the intelligent unit during continuous production.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is based on the shaft flow state in the process that crude oil is lifted to the ground from an underground oil layer through a shaft, the traditional five flow states are simplified into two flow states of a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase, the shaft height of the average water content and the liquid yield conversion of each stroke of the pumping unit is collected in real time as an array through a flow state analyzer and a work diagram sensor which are arranged at the wellhead of the pumping unit, the ground discharge port of the shaft is used as a reference zero point, the shaft height is used as an ordinate, the water content value of each stroke is used as an abscissa, a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft is established, the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of the whole shaft lifting process that crude oil is discharged from a bottom oil pump to the wellhead is obtained, an effective shaft flow state analysis method is provided for a crude oil production unit, and a means for predicting the change trend of the flow state in the shaft can be studied and the slipping speed and bottom flow pressure of the well can be analyzed by changing the working mode of the oil well.
Whatever crude oil flow state in the shaft is composed of oil, water and gas, the invention simplifies the existing five flow states into two flow states, namely: two liquid phases of pure gas phase and gas-liquid mixed phase; the sectional view constructed by the method can intuitively, simply and quickly carry out dynamic analysis of the well bore flow state, is convenient for better understanding the well bore flow state, and plays an effective guiding role for the refined production of the oil well.
According to the invention, through the sample library of the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of the shaft and the shaft pressure curve established under different working conditions, the generation rule of the bottom hole flow pressure, the pure gas phase section and the liquid phase section of the gas-liquid mixed phase at the inlet of the oil well pump of the oil well is conveniently analyzed, namely: and building a slip speed analysis and prediction model according to corresponding changes of the oil gas slip speed under different working conditions.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification, the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view construction system for dynamic analysis of flow patterns in a pumping well bore according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of constructing a cross-sectional view for dynamic analysis of flow patterns in a pumping well bore in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a flow state analyzer; 2. a work diagram sensor; 3. an intelligent unit; 4. a sucker rod; 5. a wellhead pipeline; 6. a gas plunger section; 7. a large bubble liquid phase section; 8. a liquid phase section containing small bubbles or no bubbles; 9. a discharge valve; 10. a suction valve; 11. and (3) an oil layer.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification, by describing the embodiments of the present invention with specific examples.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples described herein, which are provided to fully and completely disclose the present invention and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, it will be understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Some technical terms related to the invention are described as follows:
the large bubbles generated by the slip effect expand and separate from the liquid to form a gas plunger section 6 to be a pure gas phase section (see figure 1) in the lifting process of the stratum crude oil, so that a plunger-shaped flow state of one section of liquid and one section of gas appears in a shaft, the state that the bubbles generated by slip are not completely separated to form a gas column is regarded as a liquid phase section (namely, a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase), the sizes of the bubbles generated by different oil-gas slip speeds of saturated gases in the liquid phase section without forming the pure gas-liquid mixed phase are different, and the specific reactions are different in water content, namely, the water content of the large bubble section with high slip speed and the small bubble section with low slip speed are different; the liquid phase section of the gas-liquid mixed phase comprises: a large bubble liquid phase section 7 and a liquid phase section 8 with or without small bubbles.
The pumping unit is arranged on the wellhead of the oil well, the pumping rod 4 is connected with an oil pump at the bottom of the well, the energy of the pumping unit is transmitted to a piston of the oil pump under the well through the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the pumping rod 4, in the process of the up-stroke of the pumping unit, the oil pump discharges the liquid sucked from the oil layer 11 from the wellhead, in the process of the down-stroke, the liquid is discharged into the shaft, and the liquid quantity extracted by the oil pump at the bottom of the well of each stroke is equal to the liquid quantity discharged from the wellhead to flow through the flow state analyzer 1 under the condition of not considering the leakage of the oil pipe.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the sectional view construction system for the dynamic analysis of the flow state of a pumping well shaft comprises a flow state analyzer 1, a work pattern sensor 2 and an intelligent unit 3; the flow state analyzer 1 and the indicator diagram sensor 2 are electrically connected with the intelligent unit 3; the flow state analyzer 1, the work pattern sensor 2 and the intelligent unit 3 are all arranged at the wellhead of the oil well.
Further, the flow state analyzer 1 is used for collecting water content data, temperature and pressure values of the wellhead of the oil well in real time, when the flow state analyzer 1 does not monitor the water content data, it is indicated that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, and at the moment, the flow state analyzer is a pure gas phase section, and a collected signal is connected to the intelligent unit 3; the flow regime analyzer 1 is arranged on a wellhead line 5 of the wellhead of the well.
Further, the flow state analyzer 1 contains a water content monitoring probe and a temperature and pressure sensor, water content data, temperature and pressure values of an oil well wellhead are collected in real time, when the flow state analyzer 1 does not monitor the water content data, the wellhead is indicated to be free from liquid discharge, no liquid is extracted from the wellhead for a pure gas phase section or an oil pump air extraction lock, and all collected signals are accessed into an intelligent unit.
Further, the indicator diagram sensor 2 is used for collecting indicator diagram information of each stroke of the pumping unit at the wellhead of the oil well, obtaining the time that each stroke reaches the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the beam of the pumping unit, accessing the intelligent unit 3 to measure the liquid production amount of each stroke of the pumping unit in real time, and simultaneously diagnosing whether the oil well pump in the wellhead of the oil well is in an empty pumping lock state according to the indicator diagram information; the work diagram sensor 2 is arranged at the junction of the sucker rod rope hanger and the walking beam of the pumping unit.
Further, the intelligent unit 3 is configured to analyze the indicator diagram information collected by the indicator diagram sensor 2, and analyze and calculate the water content data collected by the fluid analyzer 1, and obtain an average water content W in a stroke cycle with a complete stroke as a calculation cycle t And liquid production amount Q g According to the liquid yield Q g And wellbore inner diameter to calculate liquid production Q g Wellbore height L in an oil well wellbore n Average water content W per stroke t And shaft height L n As a pair of arrays, establishing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate axis of a shaft, taking a ground crude oil outlet at the upper end of the oil well shaft as an original point, taking the shaft height as an ordinate, wherein the unit is meter (m), and the abscissa is a corresponding average water content value W of each stroke t Unit%, continuous average water content value W t And shaft height L n The array forms a profile coordinate system, the maximum value of the ordinate L is the pump depth of the oil well pump, when the accumulated and converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow profile is formed, and the historical data exceeding the pump depth in continuous production are counted into a database for searching and calling of the intelligent unit 3.
Further, the pump is provided with a discharge valve 9 and a suction valve 10.
Further, a control box is arranged outside the wellhead of the oil well, and the intelligent unit can be arranged in the control box of the wellhead.
Further, the system of the invention also comprises a monitoring center platform arranged outside the wellhead of the oil well, and the intelligent unit 3 is in signal connection with the monitoring center platform through a network.
Further, when the flow state analyzer 1 monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, it is judged according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor 2, if the working condition is an air pumping lock working condition, the suction valve 10 and the discharge valve 9 of the oil pump are in a closed state because of the influence of gas, the oil pump does not discharge liquid at the moment, the wellhead pipeline 5 does not discharge liquid at the moment, the discharge port of the oil pump at the bottom of the well under the working condition does not discharge liquid, calculation is not performed to record the section diagram data, and calculation is continued to record the section diagram data until the wellhead has liquid after the fault of the air pumping lock is removed.
Further, when the flow state analyzer 1 monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, judging that the state is not an empty pumping lock state according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor 2, and indicating that the inside of the shaft is a pure gas phase section at the moment; calculating the height L of the well bore by each stroke n Average water cut value W t And recording zero as a pair of data input sectional views, wherein the oil pump is used for continuously discharging liquid into the shaft, but the well head exhaust gas is not discharged until the lifting of the pure gas phase section is completed, and the accumulated amount of the discharged liquid of each stroke of the oil pump in the time period is the volume of the pure gas phase section.
Further, when the flow state analyzer 1 monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, it is judged according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor 2, if the working condition is an air pumping lock working condition, the suction valve 10 and the discharge valve 9 of the oil pump are in a closed state because of the influence of gas, the oil pump does not discharge liquid at the moment, the wellhead pipeline 5 does not discharge liquid at the moment, the discharge port of the oil pump at the bottom of the well under the working condition does not discharge liquid, calculation is not performed to record the section diagram data, and calculation is continued to record the section diagram data until the wellhead has liquid after the fault of the air pumping lock is removed.
Further, when the accumulated and converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram is formed, historical data exceeding the pump depth during continuous production is counted into a database for searching and calling of the intelligent unit 3, and meanwhile, the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram data is transmitted to a monitoring center platform database for searching and calling outside an oil well wellhead in real time through a network.
Further, if the working conditions of the oil well are adjusted, namely: one or more parameters of stroke, stroke frequency, pump depth and pump diameter are changed, a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of a shaft under the current working condition is re-analyzed, and a slip speed analysis and prediction model is built by analyzing a shaft bottom stream pressure, a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase at an inlet of an oil well pump of an oil well according to a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile sample library and a shaft pressure curve established under different working conditions, namely corresponding changes of oil gas slip speeds under different working conditions.
Example 2
Different from the embodiment, the invention provides a sectional view construction method for dynamic analysis of the flow state of a pumping well shaft, which comprises the steps of constructing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state sectional view, and specifically comprises the following steps: simplifying the well shaft flow state of the pumping well into two flow states of a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase, and collecting the average value W of the water content of each stroke of the pumping unit in real time through a flow state analyzer 1 and a work diagram sensor 2 which are arranged at the well head of the oil well t And liquid production amount Q g And then each liquid production amount Q is controlled by an intelligent unit 3 arranged outside the wellhead of the oil well g Converted into the shaft height L n Average value W of water content t And liquid production amount Q g Converted shaft height L n As an array, the surface crude oil outlet at the upper end of the oil well shaft is taken as an origin, the shaft height is taken as an ordinate, and the average water content value W of each stroke t Establishing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft as an abscissa, drawing the calculated array into the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft in each stroke period, and accumulating the converted shaft height L n When the pump depth L is reached, a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram of a complete shaft lifting process of crude oil discharged from a bottom oil pump and lifted to a wellhead is formed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing a section view for dynamic analysis of flow state of a pumping well shaft further comprises constructing a shaft pressure curve, specifically: liquid yield Q according to one stroke g Wellbore height L of liquid production volume n Average water content W t Calculating the liquid density rho in the volume of the shaft section by data n Calculating the average pressure delta p=ρ of the wellbore section n Q g L n And through wellhead pressure P 0 Calculating the outlet pressure P=P of the oil pump 0 +ΔP 1 +ΔP 2 +……+ΔP n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the On the basis of the established gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft, the ordinate is unchanged, and another abscissa is established, wherein the abscissa is the shaft average pressure calculated by each corresponding stroke, and a shaft pressure curve of a complete shaft lifting process of crude oil discharged from a well bottom oil pump and lifted to a well head is generated.
The invention provides a means for a production unit engineer to analyze and guide oil well production and simultaneously analyze oil well slip speed and bottom hole flow pressure through a gas-liquid two-phase flow profile diagram of a shaft, a curve for generating shaft pressure and monitoring shaft temperature.
Example 3
Unlike the embodiments 1 and 2, the method for constructing the sectional view for the dynamic analysis of the flow state of the pumping well shaft according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: starting to acquire basic information of working conditions of a shaft;
the basic information includes: oil pump depth L unit meter, shaft pipe diameter inner diameter D 1 Unit millimeter, sucker rod external diameter d r Unit millimeter, crude oil volume coefficient B o The working stroke frequency of the pumping unit is per meter/min, the working stroke of the pumping unit is per meter, and the volume V of a shaft from the oil pump to the wellhead is calculated t ：
V t ＝1/4π(D 1 2 -d r 2 ) L units m 3 ，
Establishing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of a shaft, setting a shaft ground discharge port as a reference zero point (origin), setting the ordinate as the shaft height, extending underground along the shaft along the ordinate, setting the maximum value as the pump depth L of the oil pump, and setting the abscissa as the water content and setting the maximum value as 100%.
Step 2: is the flow regime analyzer 1 detecting the production fluid at the wellhead?
If no fluid is produced, the work pattern sensor 2 diagnoses whether the air extraction lock is empty:
when the flow state analyzer 1 monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, the flow state analyzer judges according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor 2, if the working condition is an air pumping lock working condition, the suction valve 10 and the discharge valve 9 of the oil well pump are in a closed state because of the influence of gas, the oil well pump does not discharge liquid at the moment, the wellhead pipeline 5 does not discharge liquid at the moment, the discharge port of the oil well pump at the bottom of the working condition is not discharged, calculation is not performed to record profile data, the flow state analyzer returns, re-diagnosis is performed, and calculation is continuously performed to record the profile data until the wellhead has liquid after the fault of the air pumping lock is removed.
When the flow state analyzer 1 monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, judging that the state is not an empty pumping lock state according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor 2, indicating that the inside of the shaft is a pure gas phase section at the moment, calculating the shaft height of a stroke liquid yield conversion, and enabling the water content value to be zero; step 4 is entered.
The following are to be described: at this time, the oil pump is continuously discharging liquid into the shaft, but the gas discharged from the wellhead is not discharged until the lifting of the pure gas phase section is completed, and the accumulated volume of the discharged liquid of each stroke of the oil pump in the time period is the volume of the pure gas phase section.
If the produced liquid exists, the step 3 is entered.
Step 3: the wellbore height and average water cut for one stroke of the fluid production conversion are calculated.
When liquid flow is detected, the bottom dead center of the stroke is taken as a starting point, each complete stroke (returning to the bottom dead center) is taken as a period, the average value Wt of the water content of the liquid flowing through the flow state analyzer in each stroke is calculated, and the liquid yield calculated by each stroke work diagram is Q g Unit m 3 Calculate the stroke liquid yield Q g Occupy the height L of the shaft n ：
L n ＝Q gn /V t *L*B o 。
Step 4: inputting the coordinates of a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of the shaft by a plurality of groups;
w derived from each stroke t And L n And (3) recording the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile map coordinates of the shaft in a stacking mode as a pair of arrays.
Step 5: generating a complete shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile, establishing a sample library, and overlapping multi-period iterative profile analysis prediction modeling;
the array calculated for the next stroke continues to be added to the upper portion of the previous stroke, so that the continuous calculation adds and accumulates values until the accumulation equals the pump depth L, i.e., L n +L n-1 +L n-2 +……+L 0 And when the flow pattern is L, forming a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern profile of the shaft, continuously working the oil well to generate a historical database of the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern profile of the shaft, establishing a sample library of the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern profile of the shaft, and carrying out iterative analysis prediction modeling by overlapping the real-time gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern profile of the shaft with the sample library pattern to realize flow prediction in the shaft for a producible unit engineer to analyze and guide the oil well production.
Step 6: change the working condition stroke times pump depth pump diameter;
if the working condition of the oil well is adjusted, namely: and (3) one or more parameters of stroke, stroke frequency, pump depth and pump diameter are changed, the step (1) is returned, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of the shaft under the current working condition is re-analyzed.
Further, in the step 1, a shaft pressure curve is constructed while a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system is established.
The construction method of the invention can also comprise the following step 7: and analyzing the slip speed by analyzing the change rule of the gas phase and the liquid phase section, and establishing a flow state prediction model.
And (3) analyzing the generation rule of the bottom hole flow pressure, the pure gas phase section and the liquid phase section of the gas-liquid mixed phase at the inlet of the oil well pump by using a sample library of the gas-liquid two-phase flow profile diagram of the shaft and the pressure curve of the shaft, which are established under different working conditions, namely, establishing a slip speed analysis and prediction model under different working conditions. The well flow state can be better known, and the well flow state can be analyzed and guided by production unit engineers.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of carrying out the invention and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The steps or processes of this embodiment are not described in detail in the manner commonly known in the art, and are not described in any way herein.
Claims (10)
1. The sectional view construction method for the fluid state dynamic analysis of the pumping well shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the sectional view construction method comprises the steps of constructing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state sectional view, specifically: the method comprises the steps of simplifying the well shaft flow state of an oil pumping well into two flow states of a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase, collecting the average water content and the liquid yield of each stroke of the oil pumping unit in real time through a flow state analyzer and a work pattern sensor which are arranged at the well head of the oil pumping well, converting each liquid yield into a shaft height through an intelligent unit which is arranged outside the well head of the oil pumping well, taking the shaft height converted from the average water content and the liquid yield as an array, taking a ground crude oil outlet at the upper end of the well shaft of the oil pumping well as an origin, taking the shaft height as a vertical coordinate, taking the average water content value of each stroke as a horizontal coordinate, establishing a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the well shaft, drawing the calculated array into the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the well shaft in each stroke cycle, and forming a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of a complete lifting process of the well shaft when the accumulated converted shaft height reaches the pump depth.
2. The method for constructing a sectional view for dynamic analysis of well bore flow state of a pumping well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the sectional view construction method further comprises the step of constructing a shaft pressure curve, specifically: calculating the liquid density in the volume of the shaft section according to the liquid yield of one stroke, the shaft height of the liquid yield and the average water content data, calculating the average pressure of the shaft section, and calculating the outlet pressure of the oil pump through the wellhead pressure; on the basis of the established gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile coordinate system of the shaft, the ordinate is unchanged, and another abscissa is established, wherein the abscissa is the shaft average pressure calculated by each corresponding stroke, and a shaft pressure curve of a complete shaft lifting process of crude oil discharged from a well bottom oil pump and lifted to a well head is generated.
3. The method for constructing a sectional view for dynamic analysis of well bore flow state of a pumping well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: when the flow state analyzer monitors that the oil well wellhead does not discharge liquid, judging according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, if the working condition is an air pumping lock working condition, the suction valve and the discharge valve of the oil well pump are in a closed state because of the influence of gas, the oil well pump does not discharge liquid at the moment, the wellhead pipeline does not discharge liquid at the moment, the discharge port of the oil well pump at the bottom of the working condition is not discharged, the calculation is not performed to record the section diagram data, and the calculation is continuously performed to record the section diagram data until the wellhead has liquid after the fault of the air pumping lock is removed.
4. The method for constructing a sectional view for dynamic analysis of well bore flow state of a pumping well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: when the flow state analyzer monitors that no liquid is discharged from the wellhead of the oil well, judging that the state of the air suction lock is not the air suction lock according to the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, and indicating that the inside of the shaft is a pure gas phase section at the moment; and calculating the height of the shaft after each stroke, marking the average water content value as zero, and recording the value as a pair of data input sectional views, wherein the oil pump is continuously discharging liquid into the shaft, but no liquid is discharged from the gas discharged from the wellhead until the lifting of the pure gas phase section is completed, and the accumulated volume of the discharged liquid of each stroke of the oil pump in the time section is the volume of the pure gas phase section.
5. The method for constructing a sectional view for dynamic analysis of well bore flow state of a pumping well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: when the accumulated and converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram is formed, historical data exceeding the pump depth during continuous production is counted into a database for searching and calling of an intelligent unit, and meanwhile, the gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram data is transmitted to a monitoring center platform database for searching and calling outside an oil well wellhead in real time through a network.
6. The method for constructing a profile for dynamic analysis of well bore flow state of a pumping well according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: if the working condition of the oil well is adjusted, namely: one or more parameters of stroke, stroke frequency, pump depth and pump diameter are changed, a gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile of a shaft under the current working condition is re-analyzed, and a bottom hole flow pressure, a pure gas phase section and a liquid phase section of a gas-liquid mixed phase at the inlet of an oil well pump of an oil well are analyzed according to a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile sample library and a shaft pressure curve established under different working conditions.
7. A section diagram construction system for fluid state dynamic analysis of pumping well shaft is characterized by: the system comprises a flow state analyzer, a work diagram sensor and an intelligent unit; the flow state analyzer and the indicator diagram sensor are both connected with the intelligent unit through electrical signals; the flow state analyzer, the indicator diagram sensor and the intelligent unit are all arranged at the wellhead of the oil well.
8. The profile construction system for dynamic analysis of well bore flow patterns in a pumping well of claim 7, wherein: the flow state analyzer is used for collecting water content data, temperature and pressure values of the oil well wellhead in real time, and when the flow state analyzer does not monitor the water content data, the oil well wellhead is free from liquid discharge, and at the moment, the flow state analyzer is a pure gas phase section, and a collecting signal is connected to the intelligent unit; the flow state analyzer is arranged on a wellhead pipeline of the oil well wellhead.
9. The profile construction system for dynamic analysis of well bore flow patterns in a pumping well of claim 7, wherein: the indicator diagram sensor is used for acquiring indicator diagram information of each stroke of the pumping unit at the wellhead of the oil well, acquiring the time that each stroke reaches the upper dead center and the lower dead center of the beam of the pumping unit, accessing the intelligent unit to measure the liquid yield of each stroke of the pumping unit in real time, and simultaneously diagnosing whether the oil well pump in the shaft of the oil well is in an empty pumping lock state according to the indicator diagram information; the indicator diagram sensor is arranged at the junction of the sucker rod rope hanger and the walking beam of the pumping unit.
10. The profile construction system for dynamic analysis of well bore flow patterns in a pumping well of claim 7, wherein: the intelligent unit is used for analyzing the indicator diagram information acquired by the indicator diagram sensor, analyzing and calculating the water content data acquired by the fluid analyzer, taking a complete stroke as a calculation period to obtain the average water content and the liquid production amount in the stroke period, converting the liquid production amount into the shaft height in the oil well shaft according to the liquid production amount and the shaft inner diameter, establishing a shaft gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram coordinate axis by taking the average water content and the shaft height obtained by each stroke as a pair of arrays, setting a ground crude oil outlet at the upper end of the oil well shaft as an origin, taking the shaft height as an ordinate, taking the abscissa as the average water content value of each stroke correspondingly, forming a profile diagram coordinate system by the continuous average water content value and the shaft height group, taking the ordinate maximum value as the pump depth of the oil well pump, and forming a complete gas-liquid two-phase flow state profile diagram when the accumulated converted shaft height reaches the pump depth, and calling the historical data exceeding the pump depth by the intelligent unit during continuous production.
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| CN202310287961.4A CN116305961A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Profile construction method and system for fluid dynamic analysis of pumping well shaft |
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| CN202310287961.4A CN116305961A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Profile construction method and system for fluid dynamic analysis of pumping well shaft |
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