CN116305823A - Project multi-stage-oriented building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system - Google Patents
Project multi-stage-oriented building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system. According to the invention, building energy system models with different fine degrees can be built in a Modelica simulation environment according to the granularity of input data in different stages of project periods; the multi-stage data source of the construction project is opened through constructing a component model library and a mechanism for dynamically updating a system simulation model, so that the defect of the current operation carbon emission calculation tool in the aspect of assisting multi-professional low-carbon design is overcome; based on the FMI standard coupling three-dimensional building heat transfer model and the equipment control model, building operation and regulation strategies can be flexibly constructed for real operation and maintenance scenes, and the problem that the actual operation working condition of the system is difficult to reflect by the current operation carbon emission calculation tool is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building energy system simulation, and particularly relates to a project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system.
Background
According to statistics of building energy conservation associations, the current energy consumption of building operation in China and the carbon emission caused by the energy consumption exceed 20% of the total amount of the whole society, and the energy consumption is mainly used for meeting the normal operation of different equipment and subsystems of a building energy system and maintaining an indoor reasonable heat and humidity environment. Along with the promulgation of general Specification for building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization GB 55015-2021, after 2022, building projects need to be forced to carry out building energy consumption, renewable energy utilization and carbon emission analysis in the scheme preliminary design stage 4 months, and technical requirements for building energy conservation measures and operation management of a renewable energy utilization system need to be clarified in the construction diagram design stage. Therefore, it is an urgent need to establish energy consumption simulation and carbon emission calculation tools that reflect the actual conditions of operation of the building energy system, and it is a prerequisite for controlling the carbon emission of the building energy system.
The carbon emission calculation tools of the current building energy system are mostly developed based on a simulation engine represented by energy plus, and load parameters such as refrigeration and heating energy consumption density and equipment operation key parameters such as energy efficiency ratio are usually static values recommended by specifications such as building carbon emission calculation standard GB_T51366-2019 and are corrected according to an empirical formula. Meanwhile, the control strategy of building operation is relatively single, the personnel activity characteristic timetable and the start-stop control of equipment are taken as main control, and most of regulation and control target set values such as temperature, humidity and fresh air quantity of people adopt design working condition values in a typical scene. Therefore, the existing carbon emission calculation tool is difficult to reflect the dynamic change of the equipment operation efficiency and the dynamic adjustment process of the indoor environment under the automatic control working conditions such as frequency conversion and the like, is inconsistent with the actual operation and maintenance scene, and is difficult to support the green building evaluation and the quantitative evaluation of energy conservation and emission reduction potential in the measurement accuracy.
On the other hand, the calculation of the carbon emission of the current building operation is mostly completed in the planning and design stage, and preliminary suggestions are provided for the equipment type selection of a chiller and the like and the installed capacity of a renewable power source such as a photovoltaic panel and the like through load calculation. The starting point is mainly to solve the requirement of engineering consultation on carbon emission compliance evaluation, so that the building energy consumption model is not continuously refined and perfected along with the project depth. This results in the inability of existing energy consumption and carbon emission accounting models to be used by special design engineers such as heating ventilation, water supply and drainage, etc. for testing equipment operation conditions during the work drawing design phase.
The patent (application number 201811080550.3) provides an energy management and control platform for public buildings, which can optimize the operation of an energy system by using artificial intelligence and an energy system simulation technology. However, the modeling of the energy system only provides a framework and lacks a specific implementation method and a simulation flow, and the purpose of the invention is to develop a communication protocol capable of integrating multiple types of energy data so as to perform equipment energy efficiency diagnosis. The patent (202111261924.3) discloses an energy system self-adaptive optimization method based on energy plus, but the built energy consumption simulation model aims to control and optimize the operation stage, is difficult to serve for rapid carbon emission evaluation in the planning and design stage, and the decision variable is focused on power dispatching.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish a dynamic simulation system for carbon emission of a building energy system which can open up multiple stages of construction engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system, which are used for carrying out carbon emission system simulation in four stages of planning and preliminary design (P1), construction diagram design (P2), construction installation and debugging (P3) and operation and maintenance (P4) according to the actual period of a construction project, so as to meet the low-carbon energy-saving evaluation requirements of different professions in the whole process. Firstly, a modeling tool chain is established based on an FMI (Functional Mock-up Interface) standard, modular modeling is realized, and then the problems of rapid energy consumption simulation and carbon emission analysis under the condition of imperfect data are solved aiming at granularity characteristics of input data in different stages.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
developing carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage of the building project, and counting the energy and carbon emission of each stage based on the carbon emission simulation result of each stage; the construction project comprises 4 stages, namely a planning and preliminary design stage P1, a construction drawing design stage P2, a construction installation and debugging stage P3 and an operation and maintenance stage P4; the carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage comprises three steps of data input, system modeling and system simulation;
the data input comprises a building subsystem, an energy utilization subsystem and a renewable energy supply subsystem of the building energy system; in the building subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 stages comprise building, structure and pipeline design parameters; in the energy utilization subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprise the operation parameters of the energy utilization device; in the renewable energy subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprises the operation parameters and the meteorological parameters of the renewable energy device; the input data of the P4 stage comprises actual measurement data of each subsystem; in each subsystem, the input data of the stages P1 to P3 are gradually perfected and accurate along with the progress of construction projects;
in system modeling, the input of the building subsystem drives the construction of a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building, and is used for simulating the heat and humidity load of the building in system simulation; the energy consumption simulation method comprises the steps of constructing an energy consumption device model by using input drive of an energy subsystem, and simulating energy consumption of energy consumption devices in system simulation; the input of the renewable energy supply subsystem drives the construction of a renewable energy supply equipment model and is used for calculating the substitution quantity of fossil energy in system simulation;
and finally, combining the simulation results of the systems at each stage, and obtaining the carbon emission of the building energy system at each stage based on the energy carbon emission factor data.
Furthermore, in system modeling and system simulation, the stages P1 and P2 are used for quickly establishing a Modelica building hot zone model based on FMI; the P3 stage builds more detailed equipment and a control model thereof on the basis of the P2 stage model; and the P4 stage adjusts model parameters of the P3 stage based on the comparison of measured data on the basis of the output of the simulation result of the P3 stage, thereby continuously improving the model accuracy.
Further, the energy-using equipment comprises heating ventilation and air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination and an elevator; renewable energy devices include photovoltaic power generation, solar hot water and wind power generation.
Further, in the data input, the input data of the building subsystem in the P1 stage comprises the overall planning information, the shape parameters, the thermal parameters and the environmental meteorological parameters of the building, and the building subsystem is used for building a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building; the input data of the energy utilization subsystem is energy efficiency related parameters determined according to energy conservation design standards and industry specifications of heating ventilation and air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination and elevator equipment, and the energy consumption is calculated by combining the load computing equipment; the renewable energy supply subsystem calculates the solar hot water generation amount and the photovoltaic and wind power generation amount according to the basic conditions of the photovoltaic power generation, the solar hot water and the wind power generation equipment and the meteorological file input.
Furthermore, in the data input, the building subsystem input of the P2 stage is based on the environmental regulation requirement of the thermal partition increase differentiation on the basis of the P1 stage, namely, a user rapidly inputs the space-time dynamic characteristics of the load in the form of a table; further refinement on the P1 phase with energy subsystem data input: for heating ventilation air conditioning equipment, establishing a Modelica functional model comprising seasonal temperature/running time control; for domestic hot water, illumination and elevator parts, calculating operation energy consumption by adopting a method of rated power of selected equipment and operation hours; and the renewable energy supply subsystem sets an efficiency curve according to the equipment capacity determined in the P1 stage, so that the calculation accuracy of the power generation and the heat generation is improved.
Further, in the data input, the building subsystem input of the P3 stage increases the flow layout of the wind and water systems according to the system schematic diagram; the dynamic operation characteristic curve and control logic of the equipment are additionally arranged by the energy subsystem and the renewable energy subsystem, a model component model of the cold and heat source, the tail end of the air conditioner and the roof photovoltaic equipment is built on the basis of modeling under the rated working condition of the P2 stage, and system simulation is carried out on annual dynamic load and energy consumption.
Further, the measured data includes indoor environmental variables of the building subsystem and equipment operating state variables of the energy use subsystem and the renewable energy supply subsystem.
Furthermore, a data transmission interface between the actually measured variable and the simulation model is written by using a Modelica hardware driving model library, and the simulation result output realizes the chart visualization of the user interaction interface through Modelica code sentences.
Furthermore, the energy is counted based on the simulation result, and the energy counting types comprise commercial power, domestic hot water, fuel gas, coal, oil and regional central heating/cooling.
The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation system for realizing the project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of any one of the above modules comprises three modules, namely data input, system modeling and system simulation;
developing carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage of the building project, and counting the energy and carbon emission of each stage based on the carbon emission simulation result of each stage; the construction project comprises 4 stages, namely a planning and preliminary design stage P1, a construction drawing design stage P2, a construction installation and debugging stage P3 and an operation and maintenance stage P4;
the data input module covers a building subsystem, an energy utilization subsystem and a renewable energy supply subsystem of the building energy system; in the building subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 stages comprise building, structure and pipeline design parameters; in the energy utilization subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprise the operation parameters of the energy utilization device; in the renewable energy subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprises the operation parameters and the meteorological parameters of the renewable energy device; the input data of the P4 stage comprises actual measurement data of each subsystem; in each subsystem, the input data of the stages P1 to P3 are gradually perfected and accurate along with the progress of construction projects;
in the system modeling module, the input of the building subsystem drives the construction of a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building and is used for simulating the heat and humidity load of the building in the system simulation module; the energy consumption simulation method comprises the steps of constructing an energy consumption device model by using input drive of an energy subsystem and simulating energy consumption of energy devices in a system simulation module; the input of the renewable energy supply subsystem drives the construction of a renewable energy supply equipment model and is used for calculating the substitution quantity of fossil energy in a system simulation module;
and finally, combining the results of the system simulation modules at each stage, and obtaining the carbon emission of the building energy system at each stage based on the energy carbon emission factor data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the carbon emission simulation model designed by the primary planning design and the construction drawing design simultaneously comprises a Modelica equipment component, a control model thereof and an energy plus building three-dimensional heat transfer model. Fluid transients in each subsystem are described by a differential algebraic equation set, and control equations are flexibly written by self-control logic of a user, so that the interaction relationship of each subsystem and the operation condition of equipment can be dynamically simulated under a diversified control strategy. Therefore, the invention is oriented to the actual requirements of the operation and maintenance scene, is not limited by the steady state assumption, and improves the true accuracy of the energy consumption and carbon emission simulation.
The existing construction operation carbon emission calculation tool facing to engineering practical application generally establishes a calculation template based on the same set of construction energy consumption model, and a user represented by a green construction designer needs to collect a whole set of parameters to complete carbon emission compliance inspection. When the amount and quality of input data is insufficient, rough estimation or default values are often required, and a model update mechanism is lacking, which increases the workload of the user at the preliminary design stage and deviation of simulation results. The modeling simulation platform framework provided by the invention realizes multi-stage energy consumption simulation along with project propulsion by customizing models for different stages, and establishes carbon emission evaluation models with different granularities according to input data conditions of different periods. Detailed design parameters are not required to be collected in the initial stage, and the design parameters can be transferred to the subsequent stage for a special designer to assist a multi-specialty optimization low-carbon energy-saving design scheme. In addition, the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of strong compatibility and expandability of the Modelica/Dypola platform, realizes the transmission of the front-end visual interaction interface and the rear-end multi-source data, reduces the modeling difficulty of a user, and improves the modeling automation degree, the simulation fineness and the model reusability. Therefore, the method is wider in applicable target group, application scene and popularization potential.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a staged data entry module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system modeling and system simulation flow for the P1 and P2 phases;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a P3 stage system modeling and system simulation flow;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a P4 stage system modeling and system simulation flow;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation model of an air conditioning section at the design stage of a construction drawing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention provides a project-oriented multistage building energy system carbon emission simulation method and system, which are used for carrying out dynamic simulation on a building subsystem, an energy utilization subsystem and a renewable energy subsystem in 4 stages of planning and preliminary design, construction drawing design, construction installation debugging and operation maintenance. According to the invention, building energy system models with different fine degrees can be built in a Modelica simulation environment according to the granularity of input data in different stages of project periods. By constructing a reusable and inheritable model library, the simulation model of the common heating ventilation and electrical equipment is efficiently transferred at different stages, so that a mechanism for dynamically updating the simulation model of the system is established, a multi-stage data source of a construction project is opened, and the defect of the current operation carbon emission calculation tool in the aspect of assisting multi-professional low-carbon design is overcome. The invention is based on the FMI standard coupling three-dimensional building heat transfer model and the equipment control model, can flexibly construct building operation and regulation strategy for real operation and maintenance scene, solves the problem that the current operation carbon emission calculation tool is difficult to reflect the actual operation working condition of the system, improves the modeling efficiency of building energy consumption simulation, the accuracy of carbon emission calculation and the reliability of emission reduction potential evaluation, thereby practically guiding the low-carbon operation of the green building.
According to the actual period of the construction project, the invention develops the simulation of the carbon emission system in four stages of planning and preliminary design (P1), construction drawing design (P2), construction installation and debugging (P3) and operation and maintenance (P4), thereby meeting the low-carbon energy-saving evaluation requirements of different professions in the whole process. Firstly, a modeling tool chain is established based on an FMI (Functional Mock-up Interface) standard, modular modeling is realized, and then the problems of rapid energy consumption simulation and carbon emission analysis under the condition of imperfect data are solved aiming at granularity characteristics of input data in different stages.
The implementation of the carbon emission assessment function in each stage requires the completion of respective simulation flows, and then statistics of energy consumption, energy and carbon emission is performed based on the system simulation output results. The simulation flow comprises three modules of data input, system modeling and system simulation.
Wherein the data input module encompasses a building subsystem, an energy use subsystem, and a renewable energy supply subsystem. In the building subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 stages are mainly related to building, structure and pipeline design parameters; in the energy utilization subsystem, the input data of the stages P1 to P3 mainly relate to the operation parameters of equipment such as heating ventilation and air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination, elevators and the like; in the renewable energy subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases mainly relate to the operation parameters and the meteorological parameters of renewable energy equipment such as power generation, heat generation and the like. The P4 stage is mainly used for collecting and accessing sensor data and equipment operation actual measurement data.
The input of the building subsystem in the system modeling module drives the construction of a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building and is used for simulating the heat and humidity load of the building in the system simulation module; the system modeling module is used for constructing energy consumption equipment models such as heating ventilation air conditioning and the like by using the input of an energy subsystem and is used for simulating the energy consumption of the energy consumption equipment in the system simulation module; and constructing renewable energy supply equipment models such as input drive photovoltaics of a renewable energy supply subsystem in the system modeling module, and calculating the substitution quantity of fossil energy in the system simulation module. And combining the energy consumption simulation results, and obtaining the carbon emission of the building energy system in the operation stage based on the energy carbon emission factor data.
In the system modeling module and the system simulation module, the technical key of the P1 and P2 stages is to quickly establish a Modelica building hot zone model based on FMI; the P3 stage establishes more detailed equipment and a control model thereof on the basis of the P2 stage model; and the P4 stage adjusts model parameters of the P3 stage based on the comparison of measured data on the basis of the output of the simulation result of the P3 stage, thereby continuously improving the model accuracy. Wherein the measured data includes indoor environment variables and equipment operating state variables of the energy-consuming, renewable energy subsystem. The data transmission interface between the actual measured variable and the simulation model is written by using a Modelica hardware driving model library, and the simulation result output can realize the chart visualization of the user interaction interface through Modelica code sentences.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a multi-stage oriented architectural energy system carbon emission simulation. The 4 stages are respectively a planning stage (P1), a preliminary design stage (P2), a construction drawing design stage (P3) and an operation and maintenance stage (P4). The carbon emission simulation of each stage is performed by 3 modules including data input, system modeling and system simulation. And finally, carrying out statistical analysis on the energy and carbon emission related indexes according to simulation results output by each stage. The energy consumption part mainly comprises heating ventilation air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination and elevators, and the energy statistics type of the energy consumption part comprises commercial power, domestic hot water, fuel gas, coal, oil and regional central heating/cooling; statistical types of renewable energy segments include photovoltaic power generation, solar hot water and wind power generation.
In the data input module, as shown in fig. 2, the building subsystem in the P1 stage inputs the thermal parameters and environmental meteorological parameters of the enclosure structure including the overall planning information such as building orientation, the shape coefficient such as window wall ratio, the heat transfer coefficient and the like, and is used for building the three-dimensional geometric and heat transfer model of the building subsystem, as shown in fig. 3. Under the FMI standard interface framework, the output file of the three-dimensional building thermal physical model and the input parameters of the system simulation model can be mapped to each other, so that the thermal-wet load of the building is simulated in the Modelica hot zone model. The input of the energy utilization subsystem is mainly energy efficiency related parameters determined according to energy conservation design standards and industry specifications of equipment such as heating ventilation and air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination, elevators and the like, and the energy consumption is calculated by combining the load. Likewise, the renewable energy subsystem calculates solar hot water production and photovoltaic and wind power generation based on similar plant base conditions and meteorological file inputs.
In the data input module, as shown in FIG. 2, the building subsystem inputs in the P2 stage may increase differentiated environmental regulatory requirements based on thermal zoning on the P1 stage basis. Namely, the user can quickly input the space-time dynamic characteristics of the load in the form of a table, and modeling burden of the user is not excessively increased while the calculation fineness of the load is improved. The energy utilization subsystem data input of the P2 stage is further refined on the basis of the P1 stage: for hvac equipment, a model function model including seasonal temperature/run time control will be built; for domestic hot water, lighting and elevator parts, the method of rated power and operating hours of the selected equipment is adopted to calculate the operating energy consumption. The renewable energy supply subsystem sets an efficiency curve according to the equipment capacity determined in the P1 stage, so that the calculation accuracy of the power generation and the heat generation is further improved. The simulation flow is similar to the P1 phase, as shown in fig. 3.
In the data input module, as shown in fig. 2, the input of the building subsystem in the P3 stage increases the flow layout of the wind and water systems according to the system schematic diagram; the dynamic operation characteristic curves and control logic of the equipment are needed to be input to the energy utilization and renewable energy supply part, and model component models of different equipment such as cold and heat sources, air conditioner tail ends and roof photovoltaics are built on the basis of modeling under the rated working condition of the P2 stage, so that system simulation is carried out on annual dynamic load and energy consumption, as shown in figure 4. Different from the working mode that the existing carbon emission calculation software adopts a fixed energy consumption simulation model and manually inputs user parameters, the invention considers the model demand difference of energy consumption and carbon emission evaluation at different stages, and establishes a brand new mechanism for dynamically updating the simulation model.
In the data input module, as shown in fig. 2, a model hardware driving model library is adopted in the P4 stage, and actual measurement data of a sensor in a real physical system is accessed to a system simulation model based on a communication interface, wherein the actual measurement data comprise indoor temperature and humidity and pollutant monitoring concentration data in a building subsystem, equipment operation index real-time data of an energy utilization subsystem, water and electricity monitoring data in a renewable energy supply subsystem and the like. And comparing the actual measurement data of each subsystem with the simulation result output of the P3 stage, and continuously adjusting the modeling parameters of the building and equipment component models according to the simulation errors, as shown in fig. 5. Therefore, the invention can introduce the self-adaptive optimization technology through a model updating mechanism, thereby meeting the higher energy consumption and carbon emission prediction precision required in the operation and maintenance period.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation model of an embodiment of the design phase of a construction plan. The case is a building consisting of multiple rooms (laboratory, office and non-control areas) with different indoor environmental control requirements. An input panel comprising graphical modeling and temperature, transition season and run time control of the three major subsystems. The real-time output of the simulation result is realized by constructing an energy/carbon emission statistical module in a Modelica simulation environment, and the simulation result is dynamically visualized and presented in a histogram and a cake graph. The output variables include indoor environment variables (temperature, humidity and pressure), key equipment operation parameters (air inlet quantity, air exhaust quantity and surface wind speed), energy related variables (commercial power consumption, photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation), carbon emission and the like.
The carbon emission simulation system established by the invention opens up model data sources of each stage of the actual construction project, fully utilizes the characteristics of model modeling language non-causal modeling and standardized data interfaces, and rapidly establishes a reusable and inheritable model library. The model updating mechanism provided by the invention meets the quantitative evaluation requirements of energy consumption and carbon emission of corresponding users in each stage in the actual construction project, and assists in multi-professional energy-saving design optimization of building design, other special designs and the like; on the other hand, the problem that the simulation result in the design stage is difficult to reflect the real dynamic change of the energy consumption under the actual operation condition can be solved. And (3) building a system simulation model in the P3 and P4 stages facing to the actual operation and maintenance scene, improving the authenticity and usability of the carbon emission simulation prediction, and practically playing the guiding significance of the carbon emission simulation prediction in the construction operation emission reduction.
It should be noted that each step/component described in the present application may be split into more steps/components, or two or more steps/components or part of the operations of the steps/components may be combined into new steps/components, as needed for implementation, to achieve the object of the present invention.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
developing carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage of the building project, and counting the energy and carbon emission of each stage based on the carbon emission simulation result of each stage; the construction project comprises 4 stages, namely a planning and preliminary design stage P1, a construction drawing design stage P2, a construction installation and debugging stage P3 and an operation and maintenance stage P4; the carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage comprises three steps of data input, system modeling and system simulation;
the data input comprises a building subsystem, an energy utilization subsystem and a renewable energy supply subsystem of the building energy system; in the building subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 stages comprise building, structure and pipeline design parameters; in the energy utilization subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprise the operation parameters of the energy utilization device; in the renewable energy subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprises the operation parameters and the meteorological parameters of the renewable energy device; the input data of the P4 stage comprises actual measurement data of each subsystem; in each subsystem, the input data of the stages P1 to P3 are gradually perfected and accurate along with the progress of construction projects;
in system modeling, the input of the building subsystem drives the construction of a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building, and is used for simulating the heat and humidity load of the building in system simulation; the energy consumption simulation method comprises the steps of constructing an energy consumption device model by using input drive of an energy subsystem, and simulating energy consumption of energy consumption devices in system simulation; the input of the renewable energy supply subsystem drives the construction of a renewable energy supply equipment model and is used for calculating the substitution quantity of fossil energy in system simulation;
and finally, combining the simulation results of the systems at each stage, and obtaining the carbon emission of the building energy system at each stage based on the energy carbon emission factor data.
2. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 1, wherein in system modeling and system simulation, the phases P1 and P2 consist in quickly establishing a model building hot zone model based on FMI; the P3 stage builds more detailed equipment and a control model thereof on the basis of the P2 stage model; and the P4 stage adjusts model parameters of the P3 stage based on the comparison of measured data on the basis of the output of the simulation result of the P3 stage, thereby continuously improving the model accuracy.
3. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 1, wherein the energy-consuming devices include heating ventilation air conditioning, domestic hot water, lighting and elevators; renewable energy devices include photovoltaic power generation, solar hot water and wind power generation.
4. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method according to claim 3, wherein in the data input, the building subsystem input data of the P1 stage comprises building overall planning information, shape parameters, thermal parameters and environmental meteorological parameters, and is used for building a building three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building subsystem, and under an FMI standard interface frame, the output file of the building three-dimensional heat transfer model and the input parameters of a system simulation model are mapped mutually, so that the thermal-wet load of the building is simulated in a model hot zone model; the input data of the energy utilization subsystem is energy efficiency related parameters determined according to energy conservation design standards and industry specifications of heating ventilation and air conditioning, domestic hot water, illumination and elevator equipment, and the energy consumption is calculated by combining the load computing equipment; the renewable energy supply subsystem calculates the solar hot water generation amount and the photovoltaic and wind power generation amount according to the basic conditions of the photovoltaic power generation, the solar hot water and the wind power generation equipment and the meteorological file input.
5. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 4, wherein in the data input, the building subsystem input of the P2 stage is based on the environmental regulation requirement of the thermal partition increase differentiation on the basis of the P1 stage, namely, a user inputs the space-time dynamic characteristics of the load rapidly in the form of a table; further refinement on the P1 phase with energy subsystem data input: for heating ventilation air conditioning equipment, establishing a Modelica functional model comprising seasonal temperature/running time control; for domestic hot water, illumination and elevator parts, calculating operation energy consumption by adopting a method of rated power of selected equipment and operation hours; and the renewable energy supply subsystem sets an efficiency curve according to the equipment capacity determined in the P1 stage, so that the calculation accuracy of the power generation and the heat generation is improved.
6. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 5, wherein in the data input, the P3 stage building subsystem input increases the flow layout of the wind and water system according to the system schematic diagram; the dynamic operation characteristic curve and control logic of the equipment are additionally arranged by the energy subsystem and the renewable energy subsystem, a model component model of the cold and heat source, the tail end of the air conditioner and the roof photovoltaic equipment is built on the basis of modeling under the rated working condition of the P2 stage, and system simulation is carried out on annual dynamic load and energy consumption.
7. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 1, wherein the measured data includes indoor environmental variables of the building subsystem and equipment operating state variables of the energy utilization subsystem and the renewable energy subsystem.
8. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 7, wherein a data transmission interface between the actually measured variable and the simulation model is written by using a Modelica hardware driving model library, and simulation result output realizes chart visualization of a user interaction interface through Modelica code sentences.
9. The project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of claim 1, further comprising counting energy based on simulation results, the energy counting types including utility power, domestic hot water, gas, coal, oil, and district heating/cooling.
10. A project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation system for implementing the project-oriented multi-stage building energy system carbon emission simulation method of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising three modules of data input, system modeling, and system simulation;
developing carbon emission simulation of the building energy system at each stage of the building project, and counting the energy and carbon emission of each stage based on the carbon emission simulation result of each stage; the construction project comprises 4 stages, namely a planning and preliminary design stage P1, a construction drawing design stage P2, a construction installation and debugging stage P3 and an operation and maintenance stage P4;
the data input module covers a building subsystem, an energy utilization subsystem and a renewable energy supply subsystem of the building energy system; in the building subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 stages comprise building, structure and pipeline design parameters; in the energy utilization subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprise the operation parameters of the energy utilization device; in the renewable energy subsystem, the input data of the P1 to P3 phases comprises the operation parameters and the meteorological parameters of the renewable energy device; the input data of the P4 stage comprises actual measurement data of each subsystem; in each subsystem, the input data of the stages P1 to P3 are gradually perfected and accurate along with the progress of construction projects;
in the system modeling module, the input of the building subsystem drives the construction of a three-dimensional heat transfer model of the building and is used for simulating the heat and humidity load of the building in the system simulation module; the energy consumption simulation method comprises the steps of constructing an energy consumption device model by using input drive of an energy subsystem and simulating energy consumption of energy devices in a system simulation module; the input of the renewable energy supply subsystem drives the construction of a renewable energy supply equipment model and is used for calculating the substitution quantity of fossil energy in a system simulation module;
and finally, combining the results of the system simulation modules at each stage, and obtaining the carbon emission of the building energy system at each stage based on the energy carbon emission factor data.
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