CN116297494A

CN116297494A - On-machine detection device for surface defect multiple degrees of freedom of turret integrated numerical control turning tool

Info

Publication number: CN116297494A
Application number: CN202310456139.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭江; 朱旭; 陈桂林; 陈鑫龙
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2023-04-25
Filing date: 2023-04-25
Publication date: 2023-06-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-degree-of-freedom on-machine detection device for surface defects of a turret integrated numerical control lathe tool, which comprises a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment system, a visual detection system and an accessory structure. The invention adopts an integrated design, integrates the on-machine detection device of the surface defect of the cutter on the cutter tower, and can realize on-machine detection without influencing the cutting process. The device is integrated on the turret, so that the problem of large complex size of the device in the prior method is solved. The invention designs the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system, can realize the function of switching the detection positions of the device, can detect the cutters of different cutter grooves on the cutter tower, and can realize the detection when the device extends out of the cutter to be detected during the detection, and the device retracts to not interfere the normal cutting of the cutter when the cutter works. The dismounting device can be avoided when detecting other position cutters. The invention has a plurality of degrees of freedom, can shoot and detect cutters with different sizes and relief angles, can detect cutters with different cutter grooves and does not interfere with the cutting processing process.

Description

On-machine detection device for surface defect multiple degrees of freedom of turret integrated numerical control turning tool

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tool defect detection, and relates to a tool turret integrated type numerical control turning tool surface defect multi-degree-of-freedom on-machine detection device.

Background

With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements of the manufacturing industry on the quality of products are also higher and higher, and high-precision and high-quality products become an indispensable part for producing high-end equipment. The turning tool is used as a key part of a lathe, and the quality of the turning tool directly influences the processing quality of a product. The good cutter state can ensure high processing efficiency, high yield and good quality. Therefore, detection of tool surface defects plays a critical role in product quality control during manufacturing. The traditional tool surface defect detection is mainly performed by manual visual inspection, namely, the tool surface defect is directly observed by naked eyes or the tool is placed under a microscope to manually measure the size of the tool defect, so that whether the tool is qualified or whether the tool can be used for continuous processing is judged. This process is time consuming and labor intensive, as well as increasing equipment downtime. The on-machine detection of the surface defects of the cutter can avoid the participation of unqualified cutters in the cutting process, so that the method has important significance for high-quality machining of workpieces.

At present, an on-machine detection device applied to a tool turret of a machine tool is not available in the field of tool detection, although the existing tool surface defect detection device can carry out on-machine detection on a tool, the detection device is complex in structure, single in type of the detected tool, easy to cause interference problems in the machining process, and the protection problem of the device under the complex machining environment of the machine tool is not actually considered. Patent CN 105345599B discloses an in-situ detection device for abrasion of the rear cutter surface of a turning cutter, which has a multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting function, can realize vertical positioning of a lens and an imaging plane and ensure image quality, but the device is arranged on a lathe supporting plate, the lens is very close to the cutter, the machining process is interfered, and no lens protection measures are provided. Patent CN 110355607B discloses a visual detection system of the tool wear state of a machining center, the system obtains point cloud data of a tool through the cooperation of a CCD (charge coupled device) camera and a laser, and realizes rapid judgment of tool breakage and acquisition of the radial dimension of the tool in a measuring process through real-time processing, but the installation position of the device is far away from the tool, a camera is required to have a large focal length, the field of view and the depth of field of the camera are extremely small, and high requirements are provided for the type selection of the camera and the adjustment of the device. The patent CN 112045497B discloses a full-automatic focusing on-machine detection system and method for a cutter based on machine vision, the device can acquire and detect images of the rear cutter surface and the auxiliary rear cutter surface of each cutting edge of a drilling and milling cutter, has a full-automatic focusing function, but needs to be modified to a certain extent when being installed, has larger volume and complex structure, and requires enough space inside the machine tool; the detection device takes a certain time to move from the original position to the detection position, resulting in a decrease in detection efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom on-machine detection device for surface defects of a turret integrated numerical control lathe tool, which realizes the following purposes:

1. the problem of large complex size of the device in the prior art is solved, tools with different tool grooves can be detected, and the cutting process is not interfered;

2. the problem that the detection position is fixed and the type of the detection tool is single in the existing method is solved;

3. the protection problem of the industrial camera lens is solved.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an on-machine detection device for surface defects of a turret integrated numerical control lathe tool with multiple degrees of freedom comprises a multiple degree of freedom adjustment system, a visual detection system and an accessory structure;

the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system comprises an R-axis sliding table, a right-angle plate B, XYR platform, a right-angle plate C, a precise electric rotary table, an adapter plate and an electric guide rail; the R-axis sliding table is connected with the visual detection system and is used for realizing the rotary motion of the visual detection system around the Y axis; the R-axis sliding table is connected with the XYR platform through a right angle plate B, and the XYR platform is used for adjusting the movement of the visual detection system in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and the rotation around the X-axis direction; the XYR platform is fixed on the electric guide rail through a right angle plate C; the electric guide rail is connected with the precise electric turntable, and the electric guide rail is matched with the precise electric turntable to realize translation and rotation of the whole position of the visual detection system so as to detect the surfaces of the cutters at different positions; the precise electric turntable is arranged on the turret through an adapter plate; a cutter bar is arranged on the cutter tower; the cutter bar is fixed in a cutter groove of the cutter tower through the mounting block;

the visual detection system comprises a connecting plate, a right angle plate A, a movable right angle plate, an industrial camera, a light source, a telecentric lens, an aperture mechanism, a clamping ring and a chute; the industrial camera is fixedly connected with the right angle plate A, the right angle plate A is fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected with the R-axis sliding table; the movable right angle plate is arranged on the connecting plate and used for adjusting the light source to move in the Z-axis direction; the industrial camera is used for shooting and sampling the rear cutter surface of the cutter at multiple angles; the light source provides illumination for industrial camera shooting; the aperture mechanism is arranged on the telecentric lens through a clamping ring; the aperture mechanism realizes the protection of the telecentric lens; the chute is arranged on the end face of the electric guide rail and is used for matching with the aperture mechanism to open the aperture when working and closing the aperture after working;

the auxiliary structure comprises a protective cover, a protective cover shell and a motor; the protective cover shell is arranged on the electric guide rail; the motor is arranged on the protective cover shell and used for driving the protective cover to rotate to open and close; the protective cover is used for protecting the visual detection system.

Further, the installation end of the movable right angle plate is provided with a groove, and the position of the movable right angle plate is adjusted by manually adjusting the position of the bolt in the groove.

Further, a groove is formed in the sliding groove, an adjusting rod is arranged on the end face of the aperture mechanism, and in the process that the visual detection system enters the working position, the adjusting rod performs cycloid motion in the groove so as to rotate and open the aperture.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:

1. the invention adopts an integrated design, integrates the on-machine detection device of the surface defect of the cutter on the cutter tower, and can realize on-machine detection without influencing the cutting process. The device is integrated on the turret, so that the problem of large complex size of the device in the prior method is solved.

2. The invention designs the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system, can realize the function of switching the detection positions of the device, can detect the cutters of different cutter grooves on the cutter tower, and can realize the detection when the device extends out of the cutter to be detected during the detection, and the device retracts to not interfere the normal cutting of the cutter when the cutter works. The dismounting device can be avoided when detecting other position cutters.

3. The device has multiple degrees of freedom, can shoot and detect cutters with different sizes and rear angles, and has wide application range. The cutting tool can detect tools with different tool grooves and can not interfere with the cutting machining process, and the problems that the existing method is fixed in detection position and single in type of detection tool are solved.

4. The device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient installation, and can realize rapid and efficient detection. By designing a shutter mechanism, the protection problem of the industrial camera lens is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a visual inspection system of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a second embodiment of the present invention with a protective cover open after installation of the protective cover;

FIG. 4 is a close-up isometric view of a protective cover after installation of the protective cover for the second device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an open schematic view of the aperture mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic closing view of the aperture mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a chute; 2-a light source; 3-a movable right angle plate; 4-telecentric lens; 5-connecting plates; 6-R shaft sliding table; 7-a turret; 8, a cutter bar; 9-mounting blocks; 10-right angle plate A; 11-an industrial camera; a 12-XYR platform; 13-right angle plate C; 14-an electric guide rail; 15-right angle plate B; 16-a precision electric turntable; 17-an adapter plate; 18-a snap ring; 19-an aperture mechanism; 20-protecting cover; 21-a protective cover shell and 22-a motor.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the present invention is described in more detail below in connection with the specific embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the on-machine detection device for the surface defects of the turret integrated numerical control turning tool comprises a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment system and a visual detection system. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system can adjust the visual detection system to switch detection positions so as to detect cutters of different cutter grooves on the cutter tower, and meanwhile, the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the industrial camera in the visual detection system can be realized so as to shoot cutters of different sizes and rear angles. The visual detection system industrial camera can shoot a high-precision tool rear tool face, a rear angle and a tool nose abrasion photo. The light source 2 can be moved in a direction along the telecentric lens 4 to adjust the distance between the light source 2 and the tool to be measured. As shown in fig. 3, the protective cover shell 21 is mounted on the electric guide rail, and the protective cover 20 is driven to rotate by the motor 22 to open and close, so that the visual detection system can be protected from being polluted.

The main components of the present invention will be specifically described one by one.

As shown in fig. 1, the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system comprises an R-axis sliding table 6, a rectangular plate B15, an XYR platform 12, a rectangular plate C13, a precision electric turntable 16, an adapter plate 17 and an electric guide rail 14. The multiple degree of freedom adjustment system is used to adjust the position of the vision inspection system and the specific position of the industrial camera 11. The visual detection system is connected with the right angle plate B15 through the R-axis sliding table 6. The R-axis sliding table 6 is used for adjusting rotation of the visual inspection system around the Y-axis direction so as to adjust the shooting angle of the industrial camera 11. The R-axis sliding table 6 is connected with the XYR platform 12 through a right angle plate B15. The XYR platform 12 is used for adjusting the movement of the visual detection system in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and the rotation around the X-axis direction, so that the angle and the position of the industrial camera 11 away from the cutter to be detected can be adjusted, focusing is convenient, and the shooting quality of the photo is improved. XYR platform 12 is secured to motorized rail 14 by a right angle plate C13. The function of the motorized guide rail 14 is to allow the vision inspection system to extend into the vicinity of the tool to be inspected during inspection and retract during operation of the tool to prevent interference with the cutting process of the tool. The motorized pulley 14 is connected to a precision motorized turret 16. The precision motorized turret 16 may adjust the rotation of the motorized guide rail 14 about the Z-axis so that the vision inspection system detects tools at different locations on the turret 7. The precision electric turntable is arranged in one cutter groove of the cutter tower 7 through the adapter plate 17, so that the on-machine detection device is integrated on the cutter tower 7.

In this embodiment, the multiple degree of freedom adjustment system is configured as follows: the model of the R-axis sliding table 6 is RS60-R, the table top is 60mm, the adjustment precision is 360 DEG rough adjustment and + -5 DEG fine adjustment; the model of the XYR platform 12 is LS60-LM, the table top is 60mm, the R-axis adjusting precision is 360 DEG coarse adjustment, plus or minus 5 DEG fine adjustment, and the X, Y-axis adjusting precision is plus or minus 6.5mm; the model of the precise electric turntable 16 is WMD50-30H, the diameter of the turntable is 50mm, the maximum speed is 160 DEG/s, and the positioning accuracy is +/-0.05 deg.

As shown in fig. 2, the visual inspection system includes a connection plate 5, a rectangular plate a10, a movable rectangular plate 3, an industrial camera 11, a light source 2, a telecentric lens 4, an aperture mechanism 19, a snap ring 18, and a chute 1. The industrial camera 11 is connected with the R-axis sliding table 6 through the right angle plate A10 and the connecting plate 5, and is further connected with the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system. The light source 2 is arranged on the connecting plate 5 through the movable rectangular plate 3, so that the movement of the light source 2 along the direction of the lens of the industrial camera 11 can be realized, and the distance between the light source 2 and the surface of the cutter to be measured can be further adjusted, so that the shooting quality of a photo can be improved. The telecentric lens 4 is arranged on the industrial camera 11, so that the image distortion rate can be reduced, and the imaging quality can be ensured. As shown in fig. 1, a chute 1 is arranged on the end surface of an electric guide rail 14, and a groove is arranged in the chute 1, so that an adjusting rod of an aperture mechanism can perform cycloid motion in the chute, and further, the aperture can be opened and closed; as shown in fig. 2, the aperture mechanism 19 is mounted on the telecentric lens 4 through a snap ring 18, and is matched with the chute 1 to open the aperture when the visual detection system stretches out, and close the aperture when the visual detection system retracts, so as to protect the telecentric lens 4 and prevent the telecentric lens 4 from being polluted.

In this embodiment, the visual inspection system is configured as follows: the model of the industrial camera 11 is MV-CS060-10GM, the model of the telecentric lens 4 is MVL-MY-2-65-MP, and the model of the light source 2 is HL-RDO-90-4-W. The image precision of the acquired cutter surface defect image is mainly ensured by a telecentric lens with a target surface size of 1/1.8', an object distance of 65mm, a depth of field of 0.3mm and a maximum imaging range of 3.69mm by 2.46mm and an industrial camera with a resolution of 3072pixel by 2048pixel and a pixel size of 2.4 μm by 2.4 μm.

The examples described above represent only embodiments of the invention and are not to be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the invention, it being pointed out that several variants and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tool turret integrated numerical control lathe tool surface defect multi freedom is at machine detection device which characterized in that: comprises a multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system, a visual detection system and an accessory structure;

the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting system comprises an R-axis sliding table (6), a right angle plate B (15), an XYR platform (12), a right angle plate C (13), a precise electric turntable (16), an adapter plate (17) and an electric guide rail (14); the R-axis sliding table (6) is connected with the visual detection system, and the R-axis sliding table (6) is used for realizing the rotary motion of the visual detection system around the Y axis; the R-axis sliding table (6) is connected with the XYR platform (12) through a right angle plate B (15), and the XYR platform (12) is used for adjusting the movement of the visual detection system in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and the rotation around the X-axis direction; the XYR platform (12) is fixed on the electric guide rail (14) through a right angle plate C (13); the electric guide rail (14) is connected with the precise electric turntable (16), and the electric guide rail (14) is matched with the precise electric turntable (16) to realize translation and rotation of the whole position of the visual detection system so as to detect the surfaces of the cutters at different positions; the precise electric turntable (16) is arranged on the cutter tower (7) through an adapter plate (17); a cutter bar (8) is arranged on the cutter tower (7); the cutter bar (8) is fixed in a cutter groove of the cutter tower (7) through a mounting block (9);

the visual detection system comprises a connecting plate (5), a right angle plate A (10), a movable right angle plate (3), an industrial camera (11), a light source (2), a telecentric lens (4), an aperture mechanism (19), a clamping ring (18) and a chute (1); the industrial camera (11) is fixedly connected with the right angle plate A (10), the right angle plate A (10) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (5), and the connecting plate (5) is connected with the R-axis sliding table (6); the movable right angle plate (3) is arranged on the connecting plate (5) and is used for adjusting the light source (2) to move in the Z-axis direction; the industrial camera (11) is used for shooting and sampling the rear cutter face of the cutter at multiple angles; the light source (2) provides illumination for shooting by the industrial camera (11); the aperture mechanism (18) is arranged on the telecentric lens (4) through a clamping ring (18); the aperture mechanism (19) is used for protecting the telecentric lens (4); the chute (1) is arranged on the end face of the electric guide rail (14) and is used for matching with the aperture mechanism (19) to open the aperture during working and closing the aperture after working;

the auxiliary structure comprises a protective cover (20), a protective cover shell (21) and a motor (22); the protective cover shell (21) is arranged on the electric guide rail (14); the motor (22) is arranged on the protective cover shell (21) and used for driving the protective cover (20) to rotate to open and close; the protective cover (20) is used for protecting the visual detection system.

2. The on-machine detection device for surface defects of a turret integrated numerical control lathe tool with multiple degrees of freedom is characterized in that: the installation end of the movable right angle plate (3) is provided with a groove, and the position of the movable right angle plate (3) is adjusted by manually adjusting the position of the bolt in the groove.

3. The on-machine detection device for surface defects of a turret integrated numerical control lathe tool with multiple degrees of freedom is characterized in that: the sliding groove (1) is internally provided with a groove, the end face of the aperture mechanism (19) is provided with an adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod performs cycloid motion in the groove to rotate and open the aperture when the visual detection system enters the working position.