CN116295866A - Real-time monitoring method and device for temperature field in laser cladding process - Google Patents
Real-time monitoring method and device for temperature field in laser cladding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116295866A CN116295866A CN202310206837.0A CN202310206837A CN116295866A CN 116295866 A CN116295866 A CN 116295866A CN 202310206837 A CN202310206837 A CN 202310206837A CN 116295866 A CN116295866 A CN 116295866A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
- G01J5/485—Temperature profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/52—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using comparison with reference sources, e.g. disappearing-filament pyrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention provides a real-time monitoring method and a monitoring device for a temperature field in a laser cladding process, wherein the method comprises the following steps: equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, and measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool; the comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change; simultaneously, the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool is tested by an infrared thermometer; the comprehensive processor compares the actual temperature change of the cladding process with the predicted temperature change of the cladding process, and performs dynamic correction learning. The invention provides a real-time monitoring method and a monitoring device for a temperature field in a laser cladding process, which can accurately measure the temperature of a molten pool and the peripheral position of the molten pool, and can predict the temperature of laser cladding, thereby providing effective assistance for cladding operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a real-time monitoring method and a monitoring device for a temperature field in a laser cladding process.
Background
In the prior art, a molten pool temperature field and morphology monitoring device and a monitoring method of laser cladding equipment with the publication number of CN112113672A comprise a reflecting mirror positioned in a cladding head, a beam splitter is arranged at the position, outside the cladding head, of a reflecting mirror light path, two filter sheets with different wavelengths are coaxially arranged on a reflecting light path and a transmitting light path of the beam splitter respectively, one ends, far away from the beam splitter, of the two filter sheets are respectively and coaxially provided with a lens and a black-white CCD camera in sequence, and the two black-white CCD cameras are electrically connected with an industrial personal computer and a display together. The invention also discloses a monitoring method of the molten pool temperature field and morphology monitoring device of the laser cladding equipment; the molten pool temperature field and the morphology monitoring device of the laser cladding equipment are coaxially installed, so that on one hand, the difficulty in acquiring a molten pool image is greatly reduced, and the undistorted molten pool image is ensured; on one hand, a single-camera mode is replaced by a double black-and-white camera, the upper limit of the image acquisition frame frequency is improved, so that the selection of the wavelength of the image of the molten pool is not limited, the temperature measurement precision is ensured, and the morphological characteristics of the molten pool are acquired.
However, during the use process, the method still has obvious defects: the monitoring method mainly monitors the temperature field and the temperature change of the molten pool in the actual process of laser cladding in real time, has synchronism, and cannot predict and monitor the temperature before actual operation, so that the laser cladding process cannot be adjusted in advance according to the monitoring result, and the temperature adjustment has certain hysteresis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time monitoring method and a monitoring device for a temperature field in a laser cladding process, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a real-time monitoring method of a laser cladding process temperature field comprises the following steps:
monitoring the temperature distribution in the processing field through a first thermal infrared imager and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to a comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change;
according to the predicted temperature, performing laser cladding, and simultaneously testing the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change to perform dynamic correction learning;
a temperature change data graph of the laser cladding temperature field is periodically generated.
Preferably, the monitoring of the temperature distribution inside the processing field by the first thermal infrared imager and the feedback to the integrated processor specifically include:
the first thermal infrared imager carries out comprehensive scanning on the interior of the laser cladding processing field, feeds back a scanning result to the comprehensive processor, and carries out key display on a temperature zone exceeding a preset highest value or being lower than a preset lowest value.
Preferably, the placing area of the processing platform is equally divided into a plurality of parts, the temperature of the position of a molten pool of the workpiece on the processing platform is monitored by a temperature sensor, the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool is measured by taking the molten pool as the center, and the temperature is fed back to the comprehensive processor, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, taking a preset molten pool position as a central temperature monitoring point, externally expanding a certain number of temperature areas at equal intervals on the periphery, and feeding back the molten pool position temperature and the peripheral area temperature to a comprehensive processor together, wherein the externally expanding measurement diameter is at least twice the molten pool diameter.
Preferably, the integrated processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted temperature change in the cladding process, and specifically includes:
the comprehensive processor performs centralized processing and analysis on the input temperature distribution information in the processing field and the temperature information around the molten pool, and forms a predicted melting process temperature change by combining the power of the laser melting head, the moving speed, the heat conduction value of the processing platform and the material property of the substitute workpiece, and the result is displayed in a graph.
Preferably, the laser cladding is performed according to the predicted temperature, and meanwhile, the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool is tested by an infrared thermometer and fed back to the integrated processor, which specifically comprises:
and adjusting the position of a laser cladding head according to the predicted cladding temperature, carrying out laser cladding, simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, recording the whole course, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor.
Preferably, the integrated processor compares the actual temperature change of the cladding process with the predicted temperature change of the cladding process, and performs dynamic correction learning, and specifically includes:
the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change, and performs key report on data with the difference exceeding a preset range, and triggers a warning device to indicate staff to check error hidden danger; and carrying out dynamic correction learning on the data with the over-value in the preset range, and updating the temperature processing model of the integrated processor in real time after learning.
Preferably, the periodically generating a temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field specifically includes:
periodically generating temperature change data of a laser cladding temperature field in the form of a table, a graph, a line graph or a scatter diagram;
and generating an abnormal data standard for the abnormal value of the ultra-high temperature or the ultra-low temperature independently, and matching and marking the measurement time of the temperature and the corresponding region.
A monitoring device based on the real-time monitoring method of the temperature field of the laser cladding process, comprising:
the processing field temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring the temperature distribution in the processing field through the first thermal infrared imager and feeding back the temperature distribution to the comprehensive processor;
the molten pool and peripheral temperature monitoring module is used for equally dividing a placing area of the processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of the position of the molten pool of the workpiece on the processing platform through the temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive analysis module is used for processing and analyzing the input information by the comprehensive processor to form a predicted cladding process temperature change;
the cladding process temperature monitoring module is used for carrying out laser cladding according to the predicted temperature, and simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through the infrared thermometer and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comparison learning module is used for comparing the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change by the comprehensive processor and carrying out dynamic correction learning;
and the data display module is used for periodically generating a temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can monitor the temperature of the corresponding position and the surrounding position of the molten pool in advance, so as to know the initial temperature state and provide reference for the subsequent actual laser cladding temperature;
2. the invention can record the actual cladding process temperature change and the predicted cladding process temperature change respectively, and can perform comparison and active error correction learning, so that the subsequent temperature prediction is more accurate, thereby providing effective reference for laser cladding operation and improving cladding effect.
The invention provides a real-time monitoring method and a monitoring device for a temperature field in a laser cladding process, which can accurately measure the temperature of a molten pool and the peripheral position of the molten pool, and can predict the temperature of laser cladding, thereby providing effective assistance for cladding operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a temperature field in a laser cladding process in real time;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device for monitoring a temperature field in a laser cladding process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a technical solution:
embodiment one:
a real-time monitoring method of a laser cladding process temperature field comprises the following steps:
s101, monitoring temperature distribution in a processing field through a first thermal infrared imager and feeding back the temperature distribution to a comprehensive processor;
s102, equally dividing a placement area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to a comprehensive processor;
s103, the comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change;
s104, performing laser cladding according to the predicted temperature, simultaneously testing the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
s105, the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change, and performs dynamic correction learning;
s106, periodically generating a temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field.
Embodiment two:
the monitoring of temperature distribution in the processing field through the first thermal infrared imager and the feedback to the comprehensive processor specifically comprise:
the first thermal infrared imager scans the interior of the laser cladding processing field comprehensively, the coverage is more comprehensive, the scanning result is fed back to the comprehensive processor, and the temperature area exceeding the preset highest value or being lower than the preset lowest value is subjected to key display to pay key attention.
The method comprises the steps of equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to a comprehensive processor, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the placing area of the processing platform is equally divided into a plurality of parts, the more the parts are, the more accurate the temperature measurement is, the preset molten pool position is taken as a central temperature monitoring point, a certain number of temperature areas are expanded outwards at equal intervals on the periphery, and the diameter of the expanded measurement is at least twice that of the molten pool, because the temperature conduction is faster, the peripheral temperature change can be timely focused, and the temperature of the molten pool position and the temperature of the peripheral area are fed back to the comprehensive processor.
The comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive processor performs centralized processing and analysis on the input temperature distribution information in the processing field, the molten pool and the temperature information around the molten pool, and forms a predicted melting process temperature change by combining the power of the laser melting head, the moving speed, the heat conduction value of the processing platform and the material property of the substitute workpiece, so that the result is displayed in a graph and is more visual.
According to the predicted temperature, carrying out laser cladding, and simultaneously testing the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer and feeding back to the comprehensive processor, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the position of a laser cladding head according to the predicted cladding temperature, carrying out laser cladding, simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, recording the whole course, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor.
The comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change to perform dynamic correction learning, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change, and performs key report on data with the difference exceeding a preset range, and triggers a warning device to indicate staff to check error hidden danger; and carrying out dynamic correction learning on the data with the over-value in the preset range, and updating the temperature processing model of the integrated processor in real time after learning.
The periodic generation of the temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field specifically comprises the following steps:
periodically generating temperature change data of a laser cladding temperature field in the form of a table, a graph, a line graph or a scatter diagram;
and generating an abnormal data standard for the abnormal value of the ultra-high temperature or the ultra-low temperature independently, and matching and marking the measurement time of the temperature and the corresponding region.
A monitoring device based on the real-time monitoring method of the temperature field of the laser cladding process, comprising:
the processing field temperature monitoring module 201 is used for monitoring the temperature distribution in the processing field through the first thermal infrared imager and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the molten pool and surrounding temperature monitoring module 202 is used for equally dividing a placement area of the processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of the position of the molten pool of the workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive analysis module 203 is configured to process and analyze the input information by using a comprehensive processor to form a predicted temperature change in the cladding process;
the cladding process temperature monitoring module 204 is used for carrying out laser cladding according to the predicted temperature, and simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comparison learning module 205 is configured to compare an actual temperature change of the cladding process with a predicted temperature change of the cladding process by using the integrated processor, and perform dynamic correction learning;
the data display module 206 is configured to periodically generate a temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A real-time monitoring method of a laser cladding process temperature field is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
monitoring the temperature distribution in the processing field through a first thermal infrared imager and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to a comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change;
according to the predicted temperature, performing laser cladding, and simultaneously testing the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change to perform dynamic correction learning;
a temperature change data graph of the laser cladding temperature field is periodically generated.
2. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring of temperature distribution in the processing field through the first thermal infrared imager and the feedback to the comprehensive processor specifically comprise:
the first thermal infrared imager carries out comprehensive scanning on the interior of the laser cladding processing field, feeds back a scanning result to the comprehensive processor, and carries out key display on a temperature zone exceeding a preset highest value or being lower than a preset lowest value.
3. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of a molten pool position of a workpiece on the processing platform through a temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to a comprehensive processor, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
equally dividing a placing area of a processing platform into a plurality of parts, taking a preset molten pool position as a central temperature monitoring point, externally expanding a certain number of temperature areas at equal intervals on the periphery, and feeding back the molten pool position temperature and the peripheral area temperature to a comprehensive processor together, wherein the externally expanding measurement diameter is at least twice the molten pool diameter.
4. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the comprehensive processor processes and analyzes the input information to form a predicted cladding process temperature change, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive processor performs centralized processing and analysis on the input temperature distribution information in the processing field and the temperature information around the molten pool, and forms a predicted melting process temperature change by combining the power of the laser melting head, the moving speed, the heat conduction value of the processing platform and the material property of the substitute workpiece, and the result is displayed in a graph.
5. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the predicted temperature, carrying out laser cladding, and simultaneously testing the temperature change of the actual cladding process of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer and feeding back to the comprehensive processor, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the position of a laser cladding head according to the predicted cladding temperature, carrying out laser cladding, simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through an infrared thermometer, recording the whole course, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor.
6. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change to perform dynamic correction learning, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive processor compares the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change, and performs key report on data with the difference exceeding a preset range, and triggers a warning device to indicate staff to check error hidden danger; and carrying out dynamic correction learning on the data with the over-value in the preset range, and updating the temperature processing model of the integrated processor in real time after learning.
7. The method for monitoring the temperature field of the laser cladding process in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the periodic generation of the temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field specifically comprises the following steps:
periodically generating temperature change data of a laser cladding temperature field in the form of a table, a graph, a line graph or a scatter diagram;
and generating an abnormal data standard for the abnormal value of the ultra-high temperature or the ultra-low temperature independently, and matching and marking the measurement time of the temperature and the corresponding region.
8. A monitoring device based on the real-time monitoring method of the laser cladding process temperature field of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the processing field temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring the temperature distribution in the processing field through the first thermal infrared imager and feeding back the temperature distribution to the comprehensive processor;
the molten pool and peripheral temperature monitoring module is used for equally dividing a placing area of the processing platform into a plurality of parts, monitoring the temperature of the position of the molten pool of the workpiece on the processing platform through the temperature sensor, taking the molten pool as a center, measuring the temperature of a certain number of equally divided areas around the molten pool, and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comprehensive analysis module is used for processing and analyzing the input information by the comprehensive processor to form a predicted cladding process temperature change;
the cladding process temperature monitoring module is used for carrying out laser cladding according to the predicted temperature, and simultaneously testing the actual cladding process temperature change of the molten pool through the infrared thermometer and feeding back to the comprehensive processor;
the comparison learning module is used for comparing the actual cladding process temperature change with the predicted cladding process temperature change by the comprehensive processor and carrying out dynamic correction learning;
and the data display module is used for periodically generating a temperature change data chart of the laser cladding temperature field.
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