CN116295257A - Karst ground collapse alarm device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Karst ground collapse alarm device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116295257A CN116295257A CN202310575665.4A CN202310575665A CN116295257A CN 116295257 A CN116295257 A CN 116295257A CN 202310575665 A CN202310575665 A CN 202310575665A CN 116295257 A CN116295257 A CN 116295257A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
Abstract
The invention discloses a karst ground collapse alarm device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of karst ground collapse alarm, the karst ground collapse alarm device comprises a mounting frame, wherein a throwing assembly is arranged at the top of the mounting frame, a fixed bottom plate is movably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, and a fixed assembly is arranged on the fixed bottom plate, so that the fixed bottom plate is fixed on the ground; the throwing component is connected with a monitoring component for monitoring the underground water level, and the bottom end of the mounting frame is rotatably provided with a dismounting component for dismounting the detection bottom barrel from the monitoring barrel; the bottom of the mounting frame is also provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the sleeve, and the monitoring assembly enters the ground from the inside of the sleeve; the invention can monitor the underground water level in real time, and when the water level rises sharply and collapse is likely to happen, an alarm is given out, and preliminary measures are taken in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of karst ground collapse alarm, in particular to a karst ground collapse alarm device and a use method thereof.
Background
Karst collapse is karst cave, overlying sediment and underground water to form a solid, liquid and gas three-phase mechanical balance system, the underground water level fluctuation reaches a certain range, balance is destroyed, the overlying loose sediment suddenly collapses to form a conical collapse pit with large upper part and small lower part, and karst ground collapse is the main type of ground deformation destruction and mostly occurs in soluble rock distribution areas such as carbonate rock, calcareous clastic rock, salt rock and the like. The direct inducement of collapse activity is closely related to human factors such as water pumping, water draining, water storage, other engineering activities and the like except natural factors such as rainfall, flood, drought, earthquake and the like, and the latter is large in scale, strong in burst and large in hazard. Karst ground collapse is found in carbonate distribution areas, where formation is doubly influenced by environmental and human activity.
Groundwater movement is the main power generated by collapse, groundwater flow and the change of hydrodynamic conditions are the most important power factors formed by karst collapse, groundwater runoff is concentrated and intense, collapse is most likely to occur, and therefore, groundwater level monitoring is a vital link.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN111256776A discloses a water level red line monitoring and early warning device and method for karst subsidence areas, and the technical scheme is as follows: comprises a base; the four support rods are respectively and fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the base; the device also comprises a control mechanism, wherein the device mainly realizes real-time monitoring of the red line early warning of the water level of the collapse pit, and is applied to the occasion after collapse and does not play a role in warning.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention can monitor the underground water level in real time, and can give an alarm when the water level rises sharply and collapse is likely to happen, so that preliminary measures are taken in advance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the karst ground subsidence alarm device comprises a mounting frame, wherein a throwing component is arranged at the top of the mounting frame, a fixed bottom plate is movably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, the fixed bottom plate is connected with the bottom of the mounting frame through a telescopic component, and a fixed component is arranged on the fixed bottom plate, so that the fixed bottom plate is fixed on the ground; the throwing component is connected with a monitoring component for monitoring the underground water level, the monitoring component comprises a monitoring cylinder, the bottom end of the monitoring cylinder is connected with a detection bottom cylinder in a threaded manner, a through groove is formed in the circumference of the detection bottom cylinder, a pressure detector is arranged in the monitoring cylinder, a monitoring spring is connected to the pressure detector, one end of the monitoring spring is connected with a connecting seat, an air pressure detector is arranged in the connecting seat, a floating bag is arranged on the connecting seat, and the air pressure detector is used for detecting the air pressure of the floating bag; the bottom end of the mounting frame is rotatably provided with a dismounting assembly for dismounting the detection bottom cylinder from the monitoring cylinder; the disassembly assembly comprises a disassembly gear ring rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, a disassembly oil cylinder I is arranged on the disassembly gear ring, a disassembly oil cylinder II is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder I, a disassembly frame is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder II, and the disassembly frame is matched with a through groove on the detection bottom barrel to disassemble; an extrusion oil cylinder is arranged on the mounting frame and used for extruding the floating bag so as to detect the air pressure in the floating bag; the bottom at the mounting bracket still is provided with clamping assembly for the centre gripping sleeve, monitoring assembly gets into the ground from telescopic inside.
Further, the mounting frame comprises a top plate, a supporting rod and a bottom plate, and two ends of the supporting rod are fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate respectively; a guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the support rod, a clamping groove is formed in the circumference of the guide cylinder, and a throwing component is arranged on the top plate; the extrusion oil cylinder is arranged on the supporting rod; the disassembly component is arranged on the bottom plate; the bottom ends of the fixed bottom plate and the bottom plate are movably connected through a telescopic assembly; the clamping assembly is arranged on the bottom plate.
Further, a clamping oil cylinder is arranged on the supporting rod and penetrates through the clamping groove to clamp and fix the monitoring cylinder.
Further, a tension detector is arranged on the supporting rod, a fixed sling is connected to the tension detector, and one end of the fixed sling is externally connected with a fixed building outside the collapse area.
Further, the throwing component comprises a sling motor arranged on the top plate and a sling drum rotatably arranged on the top plate, wherein a sling is arranged on the sling drum, and the sling is connected with the top end of the monitoring cylinder; the sling motor is used for driving the sling reel to rotate, one end of the sling reel is fixedly connected with a fixed fluted disc, a fixed oil cylinder is arranged on the top plate, a fixed toothed bar is connected on a telescopic rod of the fixed oil cylinder, and the fixed toothed bar is meshed with the fixed fluted disc to limit the rotation of the sling reel.
Further, the disassembly assembly comprises a first driving motor fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a first driving gear is connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor, and the first driving gear and the disassembly gear ring form a gear pair; the disassembly gear ring is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate.
Further, the telescopic assembly comprises a telescopic rod I and a telescopic rod II, the telescopic rod I and the telescopic rod II are connected in a sliding mode, a telescopic spring for providing elasticity is sleeved between the telescopic rod I and the telescopic rod II, and one end of the telescopic rod II is connected with the bottom plate through a ball pair; one end of the first telescopic rod is connected with the fixed bottom plate through a ball pair.
Further, the fixed subassembly is including setting up the screw motor on PMKD, is connected with the screw rod hydro-cylinder on the output shaft of screw rod motor, and sliding fit has the fixing screw on the telescopic link of screw rod hydro-cylinder, and when collapsing appears, the telescopic link of screw rod hydro-cylinder breaks away from the cooperation with the fixing screw.
Further, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping gear ring rotatably arranged on the bottom plate and a driving motor II fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a driving gear II is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor II, and the driving gear II and the clamping gear ring form a gear pair; the inner side of the clamping gear ring is provided with a squeezing wheel; the clamping assembly further comprises a clamping frame which is slidably arranged on the bottom plate, the clamping frame is composed of a clamping plate, a connecting shaft and an extrusion inclined plate, two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with the clamping plate and the extrusion inclined plate, and the extrusion wheel pushes the extrusion inclined plate through extrusion so that the clamping plate clamps the sleeve; the connecting shaft is sleeved with a clamping spring for providing elasticity.
A method of using a karst floor collapse alarm device comprising the steps of:
s10: the device is fixed in a monitoring area through a fixing component, a hole is formed in the monitoring area, the hole is communicated with an underground water area, the top end of the sleeve is clamped through a clamping component, and a fixing sling is externally connected with a fixing building outside the collapse area;
s20: the monitoring assembly is thrown through the throwing assembly, and the monitoring assembly reaches the underground water area from the inside of the sleeve;
s30: the underground water enters the monitoring cylinder through the through groove on the detection bottom cylinder, the buoyancy bag is subjected to buoyancy to change the position, the elastic force of the monitoring spring is changed, and the elastic force change of the monitoring spring is detected through the pressure detector so as to detect the underground water level;
s40: when the air pressure in the floating bag is detected, the telescopic rod of the extrusion oil cylinder passes through the through groove to extrude the floating bag, the air pressure in the floating bag is detected by the air pressure detector in the connecting seat, and when the air pressure in the floating bag is insufficient or damaged, the maintenance or replacement can be timely carried out; when the detection bottom cylinder needs to be disassembled, the detection bottom cylinder is disassembled through the disassembly component;
s50: when collapse occurs, the tension of the fixed sling changes, and the tension detector detects the tension, so that the clamping assembly is controlled not to clamp the sleeve any more, and meanwhile, the telescopic rod of the screw oil cylinder on the fixing assembly is separated from the fixing screw rod, and the fixing screw rod and the sleeve collapse together with the ground.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) When collapse occurs, the tension change of the fixed sling is detected by a tension detector, then the clamping assembly is controlled to release the sleeve, and meanwhile, the telescopic rod of the screw oil cylinder is separated from the fixed screw, namely, when collapse occurs, only the fixed screw and the sleeve collapse along with the ground, and other parts of the device are suspended above the collapse area, so that the integral loss of the device is avoided; (2) The invention can carry out regular maintenance and detection on the monitoring component, detect the air pressure of the floating bag, and ensure the continuous operation of the monitoring operation by finding out that the monitoring component can be replaced or maintained in time after the detection when the air pressure in the floating bag is insufficient or damaged; (3) The invention can adapt to the unevenness of the ground, the fixed bottom plate can be fixed on the ground through the telescopic component, and the arranged dismounting component is convenient for dismounting the monitoring component.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the mounting bracket and delivery assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a disassembly assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a monitoring assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fastening assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a clamping assembly of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-fixing slings; 101-a tension detector; 2-top plate; 3-supporting rods; 4-a bottom plate; 5-sleeve; 6-a sling motor; 7-a sling reel; 8-fixing a fluted disc; 9-fixing a toothed bar; 10-fixing an oil cylinder; 11-a guide cylinder; 12-clamping an oil cylinder; 13-extruding an oil cylinder; 14-disassembling the first oil cylinder; 15-detaching the second oil cylinder; 16-disassembling the frame; 17-removing the gear ring; 18-driving a first motor; 19-a first driving gear; 20-monitoring a barrel; 21-detecting a bottom cylinder; 22-a pressure detector; 23-monitoring the spring; 24-connecting seats; 25-buoyancy bags; 26-fixing the bottom plate; 27-a first telescopic rod; 28-a telescopic spring; 29-a second telescopic rod; 30-a screw motor; 31-a screw cylinder; 32-fixing the screw; 33-clamping the gear ring; 34-driving a second motor; 35-a second driving gear; 36-squeezing wheel; 37-clamping plate; 38-connecting shaft; 39-extruding the sloping plate; 40-clamping spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings: examples: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a throwing component is arranged at the top of the mounting frame, a fixed bottom plate 26 is movably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, the fixed bottom plate 26 is connected with the bottom of the mounting frame through a telescopic component, and a fixed component is arranged on the fixed bottom plate 26, so that the fixed bottom plate 26 is fixed on the ground; the throwing component is connected with a monitoring component for monitoring the underground water level, the monitoring component comprises a monitoring cylinder 20, the bottom end of the monitoring cylinder 20 is connected with a detection bottom cylinder 21 in a threaded manner, a through groove is formed in the circumference of the detection bottom cylinder 21, a pressure detector 22 is arranged in the monitoring cylinder 20, a monitoring spring 23 is connected to the pressure detector 22, one end of the monitoring spring 23 is connected with a connecting seat 24, an air pressure detector is arranged in the connecting seat 24, a floating bag 25 is arranged on the connecting seat 24, and the air pressure detector is used for detecting the air pressure of the floating bag 25; a dismounting assembly is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the mounting frame and is used for dismounting the detection bottom cylinder 21 from the monitoring cylinder 20; the disassembly assembly comprises a disassembly gear ring 17 rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, a disassembly oil cylinder I14 is arranged on the disassembly gear ring 17, a disassembly oil cylinder II 15 is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder I14, a disassembly frame 16 is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder II 15, and the disassembly frame 16 is matched with a through groove on the detection bottom barrel 21 to disassemble; an extrusion cylinder 13 is arranged on the mounting frame and used for extruding the floating bag 25 so as to detect the air pressure in the floating bag 25; the bottom of the mounting frame is also provided with a clamping component used for clamping the sleeve 5, and the monitoring component enters the ground from the inside of the sleeve 5; the mounting frame comprises a top plate 2, a supporting rod 3 and a bottom plate 4, wherein two ends of the supporting rod 3 are respectively fixedly connected with the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 4; a guide cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the support rod 3, a clamping groove is formed in the circumference of the guide cylinder 11, and a throwing component is arranged on the top plate 2; the extrusion cylinder 13 is arranged on the supporting rod 3; the disassembly component is arranged on the bottom plate 4; the fixed bottom plate 26 is movably connected with the bottom end of the bottom plate 4 through a telescopic component; the clamping component is arranged on the bottom plate 4; the support rod 3 is provided with a tension detector 101, the tension detector 101 is connected with a fixed sling 1, and one end of the fixed sling 1 is externally connected with a fixed building outside the collapse area; the support rod 3 is provided with a clamping cylinder 12, and the clamping cylinder 12 penetrates through the clamping groove to clamp and fix the monitoring cylinder 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the throwing assembly comprises a sling motor 6 mounted on the top plate 2 and a sling drum 7 rotatably mounted on the top plate 2, wherein a sling is arranged on the sling drum 7, and the sling is connected with the top end of the monitoring cylinder 20; the sling motor 6 is used for driving the sling reel 7 to rotate, one end of the sling reel 7 is fixedly connected with a fixed fluted disc 8, a fixed oil cylinder 10 is arranged on the top plate 2, a fixed toothed bar 9 is connected to a telescopic rod of the fixed oil cylinder 10, and the fixed toothed bar 9 is meshed with the fixed fluted disc 8 to limit the rotation of the sling reel 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the disassembly assembly comprises a first driving motor 18 fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 4, a first driving gear 19 is connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor 18, and the first driving gear 19 and the disassembly gear ring 17 form a gear pair; the ring gear 17 is rotatably mounted on the base plate 4.
As shown in fig. 6, the telescopic assembly comprises a first telescopic rod 27 and a second telescopic rod 29, the first telescopic rod 27 is in sliding connection with the second telescopic rod 29, a telescopic spring 28 for providing elasticity is sleeved between the first telescopic rod 27 and the second telescopic rod 29, and one end of the second telescopic rod 29 is connected with the bottom plate 4 through a ball pair; one end of the first telescopic rod 27 is connected with the fixed bottom plate 26 through a ball pair; the fixed subassembly includes the screw motor 30 that sets up on fixed baseplate 26, is connected with screw cylinder 31 on the output shaft of screw motor 30, and sliding fit has fixing screw 32 on the telescopic link of screw cylinder 31, and when collapsing appears, the telescopic link of screw cylinder 31 breaks away from the cooperation with fixing screw 32.
As shown in fig. 7, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping gear ring 33 rotatably mounted on the bottom plate 4, and a second driving motor 34 fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 4, wherein a second driving gear 35 is connected to an output shaft of the second driving motor 34, and the second driving gear 35 and the clamping gear ring 33 form a gear pair; a pressing wheel 36 is provided on the inner side of the grip ring gear 33; the clamping assembly further comprises a clamping frame which is slidably arranged on the bottom plate 4, the clamping frame is composed of a clamping plate 37, a connecting shaft 38 and an extrusion inclined plate 39, two ends of the connecting shaft 38 are fixedly connected with the clamping plate 37 and the extrusion inclined plate 39 respectively, and the extrusion wheel 36 pushes the extrusion inclined plate 39 through extrusion so that the clamping plate 37 clamps the sleeve 5; a clamping spring 40 for providing elastic force is fitted over the connection shaft 38.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: arranging a hole in a monitoring area, arranging a sleeve 5 in the hole, fixing the device on the hole, namely controlling a fixed screw 32 to drill into the ground through a screw motor 30 and a screw oil cylinder 31, supporting a fixed bottom plate 26 on the ground, enabling the fixed bottom plate 26 to adapt to the unevenness of the ground under the action of a first telescopic rod 27, a telescopic spring 28 and a second telescopic rod 29, clamping the top end of the sleeve 5 through a clamping assembly so as to ensure the relative stability of the device and the sleeve 5, namely driving a second driving gear 35 through a second driving motor 34, rotating a clamping gear ring 33 under the transmission of the gear, and pushing an extrusion inclined plate 39 through an extrusion wheel 36 to clamp and fix the sleeve 5 through a clamping plate 37; the fixing sling 1 is externally connected with a fixing building outside the collapse area, and the fixing building can be a fixing pile arranged outside the collapse area.
The monitoring assembly is thrown to the ground by utilizing the throwing assembly, namely the sling motor 6 controls the sling drum 7 to rotate, the sling carries the monitoring cylinder 20 to throw, and the monitoring cylinder 20 moves in the guide cylinder 11 to play a guiding role; the monitoring cylinder 20 and the detection bottom cylinder 21 enter the underground water area through the sleeve 5, underground water enters the monitoring cylinder 20 through the through groove on the detection bottom cylinder 21, the buoyancy bag 25 is subjected to buoyancy to change in position, the elasticity of the monitoring spring 23 is changed, the elasticity of the monitoring spring 23 is detected through the pressure detector 22, so that the underground water level is detected, collapse is easy to occur when the underground water level is suddenly changed, and therefore, after the sudden change of the water level is detected, an alarm can be given out in advance to make emergency measures.
When the air bag 25 is regularly detected, the monitoring assembly is lifted to the ground, the telescopic rod of the extrusion oil cylinder 13 passes through the through groove on the detection bottom cylinder 21 to extrude the air bag 25, the air pressure detector in the connecting seat 24 detects the air pressure of the air bag 25, and when the air pressure in the air bag 25 is insufficient or damaged, the air bag can be maintained or replaced in time; when the detection bottom cylinder 21 needs to be dismounted, the dismounting frame 16 is controlled to slide through the floating bag 25, the dismounting frame 16 is matched with the through groove, then the first driving gear 19 is driven to rotate through the first driving motor 18, the dismounting gear ring 17 rotates under gear transmission, meanwhile, the first dismounting cylinder 14 controls the height of the second dismounting cylinder 15, the detection bottom cylinder 21 is dismounted from the monitoring cylinder 20, parts inside the monitoring cylinder 20 are convenient to replace, and it is required to be noted that when the detection bottom cylinder 21 is dismounted, the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder 12 can penetrate through the clamping groove on the guide cylinder 11 to clamp and fix the monitoring cylinder 20.
When collapse occurs, the tension change of the fixed sling 1 is detected by the tension detector 101, then the clamping assembly is controlled to release the sleeve 5, meanwhile, the telescopic rod of the screw cylinder 31 is disengaged from the fixed screw 32, namely, when collapse occurs, only the fixed screw 32 and the sleeve 5 collapse along with the ground, and other parts of the device can be suspended above the collapse area.
Claims (10)
1. The karst ground subsidence alarm device comprises a mounting frame, wherein a throwing component is arranged at the top of the mounting frame, a fixed bottom plate (26) is movably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, the fixed bottom plate (26) is connected with the bottom of the mounting frame through a telescopic component, and a fixed component is arranged on the fixed bottom plate (26) so that the fixed bottom plate (26) is fixed on the ground; the method is characterized in that: the device comprises a throwing component, a monitoring component and a floating bag, wherein the throwing component is connected with the monitoring component and used for monitoring the underground water level, the monitoring component comprises a monitoring barrel (20), the bottom end of the monitoring barrel (20) is connected with a detection bottom barrel (21) through threads, a through groove is formed in the circumference of the detection bottom barrel (21), a pressure detector (22) is arranged in the monitoring barrel (20), a monitoring spring (23) is connected to the pressure detector (22), a connecting seat (24) is connected to one end of the monitoring spring (23), an air pressure detector is arranged in the connecting seat (24), and a floating bag (25) is arranged on the connecting seat (24) and used for detecting the air pressure of the floating bag (25); a disassembly component is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the mounting frame and is used for disassembling the detection bottom cylinder (21) from the monitoring cylinder (20); the disassembly assembly comprises a disassembly gear ring (17) rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, a disassembly oil cylinder I (14) is arranged on the disassembly gear ring (17), a disassembly oil cylinder II (15) is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder I (14), a disassembly frame (16) is connected to a telescopic rod of the disassembly oil cylinder II (15), and the disassembly frame (16) is matched with a through groove on the detection bottom barrel (21) to disassemble; an extrusion oil cylinder (13) is arranged on the mounting frame and used for extruding the floating bag (25) so as to detect the air pressure inside the floating bag (25); the bottom of the mounting frame is also provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the sleeve (5), and the monitoring assembly enters the ground from the inside of the sleeve (5).
2. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 1, wherein: the mounting frame comprises a top plate (2), a supporting rod (3) and a bottom plate (4), and two ends of the supporting rod (3) are fixedly connected with the top plate (2) and the bottom plate (4) respectively; a guide cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the support rod (3), a clamping groove is formed in the circumference of the guide cylinder (11), and a throwing component is arranged on the top plate (2); the extrusion oil cylinder (13) is arranged on the supporting rod (3); the disassembly component is arranged on the bottom plate (4); the bottom end of the fixed bottom plate (26) is movably connected with the bottom end of the bottom plate (4) through a telescopic component; the clamping assembly is arranged on the bottom plate (4).
3. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the support rod (3) is provided with a clamping oil cylinder (12), and the clamping oil cylinder (12) penetrates through the clamping groove to clamp and fix the monitoring cylinder (20).
4. A karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 3, wherein: the support rod (3) is provided with a tension detector (101), the tension detector (101) is connected with a fixed sling (1), and one end of the fixed sling (1) is externally connected with a fixed building outside the collapse area.
5. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the throwing component comprises a sling motor (6) arranged on the top plate (2) and a sling drum (7) rotatably arranged on the top plate (2), wherein a sling is arranged on the sling drum (7), and the sling is connected with the top end of the monitoring drum (20); the sling motor (6) is used for driving the sling reel (7) to rotate, one end of the sling reel (7) is fixedly connected with a fixed fluted disc (8), a fixed oil cylinder (10) is arranged on the top plate (2), a fixed toothed bar (9) is connected to a telescopic rod of the fixed oil cylinder (10), and the sling reel (7) is limited to rotate by being meshed with the fixed fluted disc (8) through the fixed toothed bar (9).
6. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the disassembly assembly comprises a first driving motor (18) fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (4), a first driving gear (19) is connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor (18), and the first driving gear (19) and the disassembly gear ring (17) form a gear pair; the disassembly gear ring (17) is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate (4).
7. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the telescopic assembly comprises a first telescopic rod (27) and a second telescopic rod (29), the first telescopic rod (27) and the second telescopic rod (29) are in sliding connection, a telescopic spring (28) for providing elasticity is sleeved between the first telescopic rod (27) and the second telescopic rod (29), and one end of the second telescopic rod (29) is connected with the bottom plate (4) through a ball pair; one end of the first telescopic rod (27) is connected with the fixed bottom plate (26) through a ball pair.
8. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing assembly comprises a screw motor (30) arranged on a fixing bottom plate (26), a screw oil cylinder (31) is connected to an output shaft of the screw motor (30), a fixing screw (32) is slidably matched with a telescopic rod of the screw oil cylinder (31), and when collapse occurs, the telescopic rod of the screw oil cylinder (31) is separated from the fixing screw (32).
9. The karst ground collapse warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping assembly comprises a clamping gear ring (33) rotatably arranged on the bottom plate (4), and a driving motor II (34) fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (4), wherein a driving gear II (35) is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor II (34), and the driving gear II (35) and the clamping gear ring (33) form a gear pair; a squeezing wheel (36) is arranged on the inner side of the clamping gear ring (33); the clamping assembly further comprises a clamping frame which is slidably arranged on the bottom plate (4), the clamping frame is composed of a clamping plate (37), a connecting shaft (38) and an extrusion inclined plate (39), two ends of the connecting shaft (38) are fixedly connected with the clamping plate (37) and the extrusion inclined plate (39) respectively, and the extrusion wheel (36) pushes the extrusion inclined plate (39) through extrusion, so that the clamping plate (37) clamps the sleeve (5); a clamping spring (40) for providing elasticity is sleeved on the connecting shaft (38).
10. A method of using a karst floor collapse alarm device, comprising the steps of:
s10: the device is fixed in a monitoring area through a fixing component, a hole is formed in the monitoring area, the hole is directly communicated with an underground water area, the top end of a sleeve (5) is clamped through a clamping component, and a fixing sling (1) is externally connected with a fixing building outside a collapse area;
s20: the monitoring assembly is thrown through the throwing assembly, and the monitoring assembly reaches the underground water area from the inside of the sleeve (5);
s30: groundwater enters the monitoring cylinder (20) through a through groove on the detection bottom cylinder (21), the buoyancy bag (25) is subjected to buoyancy to change in position, the elastic force of the monitoring spring (23) changes, and the elastic force of the monitoring spring (23) changes and is detected through the pressure detector (22) so as to detect the groundwater level;
s40: when the air pressure in the floating bag (25) is detected, the telescopic rod of the extrusion oil cylinder (13) passes through the through groove to extrude the floating bag (25), the air pressure in the floating bag (25) is detected through the air pressure detector in the connecting seat (24), and when the air pressure in the floating bag (25) is insufficient or damaged, the maintenance or the replacement can be timely carried out; when the detection bottom cylinder (21) needs to be disassembled, the detection bottom cylinder (21) is disassembled through the disassembly assembly;
s50: when collapse occurs, the tension of the fixed sling (1) changes, and the tension detector (101) is used for detecting, so that the clamping assembly is controlled not to clamp the sleeve (5), meanwhile, the telescopic rod of the screw oil cylinder (31) on the fixing assembly is separated from the fixed screw (32), and the fixed screw (32) and the sleeve (5) collapse together with the ground.
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