CN116294063B - Indoor air environment control system and method based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Indoor air environment control system and method based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 287
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor air environment control, and particularly relates to an indoor air environment control system and method based on the Internet of things. According to the method, the collection frequency of each air monitoring point can be determined according to the indoor harmful gas concentration, the corresponding monitoring period is set according to the collection frequency, the measurement and calculation result of the increasing trend value of the indoor harmful gas concentration is more accurate, the faster collection frequency can shorten the measurement and calculation time of the increasing trend value when the harmful gas concentration is increased, the redundancy of collected data can be reduced when the harmful gas is not generated, meanwhile, the increase or decrease of the harmful gas concentration is evaluated in a transient period setting mode, and whether fresh air is introduced into the room is judged according to the evaluation result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor air environment control, and particularly relates to an indoor air environment control system and method based on the Internet of things.
Background
The indoor air environment mainly refers to indoor air quality, and in order to ensure the indoor air quality, a corresponding fresh air system is generally arranged to replace indoor and outdoor air, so that the cleanliness of the indoor air is ensured not to be affected, and the life safety of indoor personnel is indirectly ensured.
In the prior art, when the indoor air environment is controlled, a fresh air fan is often required to be started or started after the indoor harmful gas appears or the concentration of the harmful gas rises, but the concentration of the harmful gas does not rise instantaneously, the harmful gas does not have an increasing process, in addition, when the concentration of the indoor harmful gas increases, the indoor harmful gas can be kept for a short time, the harmful gas does not reach the standard concentration, and can automatically escape when the harmful gas does not damage a human body, the fresh air fan is obviously not required to replace indoor and outdoor air, and based on the scheme, the method for determining whether fresh air is introduced into the room according to the change quantity of the concentration of the indoor harmful gas is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indoor air environment control system and method based on the Internet of things, which can determine whether fresh air is introduced into an indoor or not according to the increasing trend of indoor harmful gas concentration and a mode of monitoring whether the indoor harmful gas can escape automatically or not.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an indoor air environment control system and method based on the Internet of things, comprising:
acquiring indoor space layout, and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, wherein a plurality of air monitoring points are arranged in each monitoring area;
Acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
obtaining standard concentration of harmful gas information and comparing the standard concentration with the concentration of harmful gas in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is sent out immediately, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gas under adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
if the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
The method comprises the steps of obtaining the current harmful gas concentration, combining an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration with a standard concentration, inputting the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node.
In a preferred scheme, the step of sending out an alarm signal and introducing fresh air into a room comprises the following steps:
acquiring fresh air gas and detecting whether harmful gas exists in the fresh air gas;
if yes, filtering the fresh air, and introducing the filtered fresh air into a room;
if not, directly introducing the fresh air into the room.
In a preferred scheme, after the fresh air is introduced into a room, the concentration of harmful gas in each monitoring area is obtained in real time;
acquiring rated lower limit concentration, comparing the rated lower limit concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area, and stopping introducing fresh air into the room after the harmful gas concentration is lower than the rated lower limit concentration;
when fresh air is initially introduced into a room, the fresh air is filtered.
In a preferred scheme, the steps of constructing a monitoring period and constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points comprise the following steps:
Acquiring the concentration of harmful gas at all air monitoring points in real time, inputting the concentration into an evaluation function, obtaining the average value of indoor harmful gas concentration, and calibrating the average value as a parameter to be evaluated;
acquiring an evaluation interval, and comparing the evaluation interval with the parameters to be evaluated to obtain indoor air quality grades, wherein each air quality grade corresponds to the duration of one monitoring period;
determining the duration of a monitoring period according to the air quality grade, and acquiring the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring point in real time;
measuring and calculating whether the time length of the monitoring period and the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring point are integral multiples;
if so, constructing a plurality of sampling nodes by taking the collection frequency of the air monitoring points as an interval, and acquiring the concentration of harmful gas at each air monitoring point in the monitoring period in real time;
if not, the duration of the monitoring period is prolonged according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, a plurality of sampling nodes are built by taking the collection frequency of the air monitoring points as intervals, and the concentration of harmful gas under each air monitoring point in the monitoring period is obtained in real time.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into the trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas includes:
Acquiring harmful gas concentrations under all sampling nodes in all monitoring periods;
acquiring a trend evaluation function from the trend evaluation model;
and (3) inputting the harmful gas concentration under all the sampling nodes into a trend evaluation function, and calibrating an output result as an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration.
In a preferred scheme, in the safety period, the harmful gas concentrations in all monitoring areas are arranged in the order from large to small, and the area with the largest harmful gas concentration is marked as a diffusion area;
acquiring the position of the diffusion region, and judging whether a leakage source exists in the diffusion region;
if yes, generating an obstacle removing plan, and immediately introducing fresh air into the room;
if not, continuously monitoring the concentration of the harmful gas, and introducing fresh air into the room after the concentration of the harmful gas is increased to the standard concentration.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the current concentration of the harmful gas, and inputting the current concentration of the harmful gas and the standard concentration into a prediction function together with an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas to obtain the safe period includes:
acquiring the concentration of harmful gas under the current sampling node, and calibrating the concentration as the current concentration of harmful gas;
Obtaining a prediction function;
and inputting the current harmful gas concentration, the increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together, and calibrating an output result as a safe period.
In a preferred solution, the step of performing offset processing on the end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node includes:
acquiring an end node of the safety period;
acquiring standard deviation time length, and taking an end node of the safety period as a starting node, and carrying out deviation towards the direction of the current sampling node by combining the standard deviation time length to obtain a risk node;
constructing a transient period in a direction approaching to the current sampling node by taking the risk node as an ending node;
the concentration of harmful gas in the transient period is obtained and is input into a trend evaluation function, and an output result is calibrated to be a risk variation trend value;
if the value of the risk variation trend value is smaller than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration in the safety period is reduced, and no fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
and if the value of the risk change trend value is greater than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration continuously rises in the safety period, and after the harmful gas concentration rises to the standard concentration, an alarm signal is sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into a room.
The invention also provides an indoor air environment control system based on the Internet of things, which is applied to the indoor air environment control method based on the Internet of things, and comprises the following steps:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor space layout and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, and a plurality of air monitoring points are arranged in each monitoring area;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
the alarm module is used for acquiring the standard concentration of the harmful gas information and comparing the standard concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is sent out immediately, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
The sampling module is used for constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gases under adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
if the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
the evaluation module is used for acquiring the current harmful gas concentration, combining the increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration, inputting the current harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into the prediction function together to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node.
And, an indoor air environment control terminal based on thing networking includes:
at least one processor;
and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;
The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things.
The invention has the technical effects that:
according to the method and the device, the collection frequency of each air monitoring point can be determined according to the indoor harmful gas concentration, the corresponding monitoring period is set according to the collection frequency, the measurement and calculation result of the increasing trend value of the indoor harmful gas concentration is more accurate, the faster collection frequency can shorten the measurement and calculation time of the increasing trend value when the harmful gas concentration is increased, the redundancy of collected data can be reduced when the harmful gas is not generated, meanwhile, the increase or decrease of the harmful gas concentration is evaluated in a transient period setting mode, and whether fresh air is introduced into the room is judged according to the evaluation result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a system provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one preferred embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides an indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring indoor space layout, and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, wherein each monitoring area is internally provided with a plurality of air monitoring points;
s2, acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
S3, obtaining standard concentration of harmful gas information, and comparing the standard concentration with the concentration of the harmful gas in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is immediately sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
s4, constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gas under adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
if the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
s5, acquiring the current harmful gas concentration, combining an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration, inputting the current harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node.
As described in the above steps S1 to S5, the indoor air environment mainly means the indoor air quality, whether it is a residential room, a commercial room or an industrial room, and the quality of the indoor air is related to the safety of indoor personnel, but in these rooms. It is difficult to avoid arranging some pipelines which can discharge toxic gas, such as gas or gas pipelines in resident kitchens, various chemical gas conveying pipelines in industrial plants and the like, which cause excessive damage to human bodies once leakage occurs, and in order to ensure the quality of indoor air, a corresponding fresh air system is generally arranged to replace indoor and outdoor air, ensure the cleanliness of the indoor air not to be influenced, and indirectly ensure the life safety of indoor personnel. Based on this, in this embodiment, by constructing multiple monitoring areas in the room, the indoor environment is monitored in an omnibearing manner, and multiple air monitoring points are set in each monitoring area, so that the harmful gas and the harmless gas in the room can be monitored, in general, the harmful gas reaches a certain concentration to damage the human body, so that in this embodiment, a standard concentration (lower than the concentration of the human body bearing capacity) is preset, used for comparing with the harmful gas concentration in the monitoring area, and alarming is performed before the harmful gas damages the human body, where it is clear that the harmful gas is various, the types of the harmful gas may be inconsistent for different areas, so that the standard concentration is inconsistent, so that the standard concentration needs to be set according to specific conditions, and this is not clearly defined, in the monitoring process, once the concentration of harmful gas exceeds the standard concentration, fresh air is immediately introduced into a room, and an alarm signal is sent out to remind indoor personnel of going out to ventilate, in addition, the concentration of the harmful gas does not instantaneously increase, a certain trend of increasing is necessarily provided, further, the monitoring of the concentration of the harmful gas is continuously carried out, an increasing trend value is estimated through a trend estimation model, of course, the condition that the concentration of the harmful gas is negatively increased or is increased is indicated, the indoor air quality is safe, otherwise, the condition that the air quality in the monitoring area is poor is judged, the concentration of the harmful gas has the trend exceeding the standard concentration is judged, in this case, the safety period is predicted by a prediction function, whether the concentration of the harmful gas in the safety period is reduced or not is judged, so that whether fresh air is introduced into the room is determined, the instantaneous increase of the concentration of the harmful gas is avoided, or the phenomenon of false alarm is caused by the instantaneous fluctuation of a sensor under the air monitoring point, and the condition that the indoor air is introduced into the room in a state that the indoor air quality is safe is not required, and the loss of the fresh air can be realized by a common fresh air machine on the market, and the effect of saving energy can be achieved.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of sending an alarm signal and introducing fresh air into the room comprises:
s301, acquiring fresh air and detecting whether harmful gas exists in the fresh air;
s302, if yes, filtering the fresh air, and introducing the filtered fresh air into a room;
and S303, if not, directly introducing fresh air into the room.
As described in the above steps S301-S303, when outdoor air is introduced into a room, it is necessary to determine whether harmful gas exists in fresh air in advance, so that when the air inside and outside the room is replaced, the harmful gas is prevented from being introduced into the room, and when the harmful gas exists, it is necessary to filter the harmful gas, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the fresh air, and simultaneously, the indoor air quality can be quickly recovered, and the life safety of indoor personnel is ensured, and for harmless air, the harmful gas can be directly introduced into the room without filtering, thereby reducing the loss of filtering materials, and prolonging the maintenance period and service life of the fresh air system.
In a preferred embodiment, after fresh air is introduced into the room, the concentration of harmful gases in each monitoring area is obtained in real time;
Acquiring rated lower limit concentration, comparing the rated lower limit concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area, and stopping introducing fresh air into the room after the harmful gas concentration is lower than the rated lower limit concentration;
when fresh air is initially introduced into a room, the fresh air is filtered.
As described above, after the fresh air is continuously introduced into the room for a period of time, the concentration of the harmful gas in each monitoring area is reduced to a concentration which is no longer safe for the human body, however, in order to ensure that people have enough time to move in the room, a rated lower limit concentration is preset when the fresh air is introduced, the value needs to be set according to the specific requirements of people in the room, and is not explicitly limited herein.
In a preferred embodiment, the steps of constructing a monitoring period and constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of air monitoring points include:
S401, acquiring harmful gas concentrations at all air monitoring points in real time, inputting the harmful gas concentrations into an evaluation function, obtaining an average value of indoor harmful gas concentrations, and calibrating the average value as a parameter to be evaluated;
s402, acquiring an evaluation interval, and comparing the evaluation interval with parameters to be evaluated to obtain indoor air quality grades, wherein each air quality grade corresponds to the duration of one monitoring period;
s403, determining the duration of a monitoring period according to the air quality level, and acquiring the acquisition frequency of an air monitoring point in real time;
s404, measuring and calculating whether the time length of the monitoring period and the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring point are integral multiples;
if so, constructing a plurality of sampling nodes by taking the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring points as an interval, and acquiring the concentration of harmful gas at each air monitoring point in the monitoring period in real time;
if not, the duration of the monitoring period is prolonged according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, then a plurality of sampling nodes are constructed by taking the collection frequency of the air monitoring points as intervals, and the concentration of harmful gas in each air monitoring point in the monitoring period is obtained in real time.
As described in the above steps S401 to S404, in determining the concentration of the harmful gas in each monitoring area, an evaluation function is used Performing calculation, wherein->Mean value of indoor harmful gas concentration, +.>Indicates the number of air monitoring points, +.>The number representing the air monitoring point does not participate in the actual operation,/->Representing the concentration of harmful gas at each air monitoring point, and comparing the average value of the indoor harmful gas concentration with a preset evaluation interval after determining the average value of the indoor harmful gas concentration, wherein the evaluation interval is provided with a plurality of evaluation intervals, each evaluation interval corresponds to the acquisition frequency of one air monitoring point, for example, the maximum allowable concentration of carbon monoxide is 30mg/m 3 The standard concentration thereof can be set at 18mg/m 3 The evaluation interval thereof may be set to (0, 6)]，（6,12]，（12,18]，（18,30]The corresponding acquisition frequencies are respectively 4 times/second, 6 times/second, 8 times/second and 10 times/second, and the acquisition frequency can be correspondingly reduced under the premise of corresponding to indoor environment safety, so as to prevent the generation of excessive redundant data, and in the case of increasing the indoor harmful gas concentration, the acquisition frequency needs to be correspondingly increased to obtain more data to support subsequent operation, when the monitoring period is constructed, the time of the monitoring period needs to be integral multiple of the acquisition frequency, the construction of the monitoring period is carried out after the harmful gas generation, and after the monitoring period is executed, the execution of the next monitoring period needs to be determined by the values of the harmful gas concentration at the end of the previous monitoring period, for example, the data required in each monitoring period is 100 groups, and the harmful gas concentration corresponding to the first monitoring period is lower than 6mg/m 3 The corresponding acquisition frequency is 4 times/second, then the duration of the first monitoring period should be 25 seconds, but after the end, the concentration of harmful gas is between 6 and 12mg/m 3 And the corresponding sampling frequency is 6 times/second, the duration of the next monitoring period is 17 seconds, the collected data is ensured not to be lower than 100 groups, and the collected data is input into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increased trend value with relatively small error.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into the trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas includes:
s405, obtaining harmful gas concentration under all sampling nodes in all monitoring periods;
s406, obtaining a trend evaluation function from the trend evaluation model;
s407, inputting the harmful gas concentration under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation function, and calibrating an output result as an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration.
As described in the above steps S405 to S407, immediately after the harmful gas is present in the monitoring area, the concentration of the harmful gas under the sampling node is input into the trend evaluation function, where the trend evaluation function is: Wherein->An increasing trend value representing the concentration of harmful gases, < + >>Indicating the total number of monitoring cycles, +.>，/>Indicating the total amount of harmful gases collected during each monitoring period,，/>representing the duration of each monitoring period, +.>，/>The number of the sampling node is represented, the actual operation is not participated,，/>，/>，/>after the concentration of the harmful gas under the sampling node is determined based on the above formula, verification treatment is needed to be performed, namely, whether the variation of the concentration of the harmful gas under the last sampling node is consistent with the increasing trend value or not is judged, and under the condition of inconsistent, the harmful gas is sent out according to the following conditionThe harmful gas concentration in the monitoring period is screened out one by one in the time until the accuracy of the increasing trend value is determined, and of course, the harmful gas concentration is increased to have certain uncontrollability, so that certain deviation is inevitably caused when the harmful gas concentration is changed, the accuracy of the increasing trend value can be checked through a preset tolerance interval, and the step of screening out the harmful gas concentration in the monitoring period is not needed to be continuously executed as long as the difference value between the change quantity of the harmful gas concentration under the last adjacent sampling node and the increasing trend value is within the tolerance interval.
In a preferred embodiment, in the safety period, the harmful gas concentrations in all the monitoring areas are arranged in the order from large to small, and the area with the largest harmful gas concentration is marked as a diffusion area;
Acquiring the position of a diffusion region, and judging whether a leakage source exists in the diffusion region;
if yes, generating an obstacle removing plan, and immediately introducing fresh air into the room;
if not, continuously monitoring the concentration of the harmful gas, and introducing fresh air into the room after the concentration of the harmful gas is increased to the standard concentration.
As described above, when the indoor harmful gas concentration increases, there is a great probability that the leakage source is accompanied with the greatest harmful gas concentration in the area where the leakage source is located, based on which, the harmful gas concentration in each monitored area can be judged, and after the leakage source is determined, fresh air needs to be introduced into the room immediately, so as to avoid too fast spreading of the indoor harmful gas concentration, and meanwhile, according to different leakage gases, targeted barrier removal maintenance is performed, where the barrier removal plan includes evacuating people in the room, emergency alarm, closing of a toxic gas delivery valve under the premise of safety, and the like, and of course, the indoor harmful gas concentration may also increase due to other reasons, for example, when the resident cooks in a kitchen, the concentration of carbon monoxide increases, but the duration time is not too long, and once the resident cooks up to the standard concentration, fresh air is introduced into the room again, so that the indoor air quality can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the current concentration of the harmful gas, and inputting the current concentration of the harmful gas and the standard concentration into the prediction function together to obtain the safe period of time includes:
s501, obtaining the concentration of harmful gas at the current sampling node, and calibrating the concentration as the current concentration of harmful gas;
s502, obtaining a prediction function;
s503, inputting the current harmful gas concentration, the increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together, and calibrating the output result as a safe period.
As described in the above steps S501-S503, after the trend value of the increase in the concentration of the harmful gas is determined, the trend value is input into a prediction function, where the prediction function is:wherein->Indicates a safe period of time,/->Represents standard concentration,/->The current harmful gas concentration is represented, based on the current harmful gas concentration, the safety period before the harmful gas concentration reaches the standard concentration can be measured, when the indoor pipeline is determined to leak and the harmful gas concentration is increased, the safety period can provide a safe evacuation period for indoor personnel, and if the indoor personnel cannot evacuate safely in the safety period, fresh air needs to be introduced into the indoor, so that the indoor air quality is improved, and the excessive suction of the harmful gas by the indoor personnel is avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing offset processing on the end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node includes:
s504, acquiring an end node of the safety period;
s505, acquiring standard offset time length, and taking an end node of a safety period as a starting node, and offsetting the standard offset time length to the direction of a current sampling node to obtain a risk node;
s506, constructing a transient period in a direction close to the current sampling node by taking the risk node as an end node;
s507, obtaining the concentration of harmful gas in a transient period, inputting the concentration into a trend evaluation function, and calibrating an output result as a risk change trend value;
if the value of the risk variation trend value is smaller than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration in the safety period is reduced, and no fresh air is introduced into the room;
if the value of the risk change trend value is greater than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration continuously rises in the safety period, and after the harmful gas concentration rises to the standard concentration, an alarm signal is sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into a room.
As described in the steps S504-S507, by constructing a transient period in the safety period, the change condition of the indoor harmful gas concentration can be monitored under the condition that the indoor pipeline is not leaked, the set risk node is earlier than the end node of the safety period, if gas such as partial fuel gas or carbon monoxide leaks during kitchen cooking, then microorganisms growing in the indoor corner or the garbage can escape into the air, but the influence of the microorganisms on the indoor air can be directly eliminated by artificial cleaning, after the microorganisms are cleaned, the indoor harmful gas concentration can gradually decrease, the corresponding risk change trend value is smaller than zero, the calculation process of the risk change trend value can refer to the calculation process of the increase trend value, repeated redundancy is omitted, and in the safety period, the risk change trend value can not reach the standard concentration, and is in a closed state for a long time, if the microorganisms grow in the indoor corner or the garbage can not replace the microorganisms for a long time, the indoor toxic gas concentration can continuously increase, and in the transient period, the transient period is the transient period, the harmful gas concentration can continuously increase, the risk change trend value is the standard concentration can continuously increase, the indoor harmful gas concentration can continuously increase, the alarm concentration can be continuously increased to the standard concentration, and the fresh air can be continuously introduced into the indoor air to the fresh air, and the fresh air can be synchronously estimated, and the fresh air is continuously supplied to the fresh air is estimated, and the fresh air is simultaneously supplied to the indoor air is estimated, or the fresh air is estimated, and the fresh air is estimated to the indoor and the indoor harmful gas is continuously.
The invention also provides an indoor air environment control system based on the Internet of things, which is applied to the indoor air environment control method based on the Internet of things, and comprises the following steps:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor space layout and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, wherein a plurality of air monitoring points are arranged in each monitoring area;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
the alarm module is used for acquiring the standard concentration of the harmful gas information and comparing the standard concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is immediately sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
the sampling module is used for constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gas under the adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
If the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
the assessment module is used for acquiring the current concentration of the harmful gas, combining the increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas and the standard concentration, inputting the current concentration of the harmful gas and the standard concentration into the prediction function together to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node.
The primary purpose of controlling the indoor environment is to ensure that the life safety of indoor personnel is not affected by harmful gas, when the system is implemented, firstly, the indoor space layout is acquired through the first acquisition module, data support is provided for constructing the monitoring areas, a plurality of air monitoring points are also arranged in each monitoring area for ensuring the accuracy of monitoring results, the harmful gas concentration and the harmless gas concentration under each air monitoring point can be acquired through the second acquisition module, after harmful gas is generated, the harmful gas concentration is compared with the standard concentration preset in the alarm module, an alarm signal is sent when the harmful gas concentration is higher than the standard concentration, fresh air is synchronously introduced into the room, the process can realize the replacement of indoor and outdoor air based on the fresh air machine which is mature at present, on the contrary, when harmful gas is generated but does not exceed the standard concentration, a plurality of monitoring periods are constructed through the sampling module, a plurality of groups of harmful gas concentrations are corresponding to each monitoring period, the above-mentioned related judging processes can be nested step by step based on if … … else functions, when the harmful gas concentration is continuously increased, the harmful gas concentration is input into the trend evaluation model for prediction, an increasing trend value is obtained, and then the harmful gas concentration is input into the evaluation module for calculation, so that a safety period is obtained, the time for reminding indoor personnel of safety evacuation under the condition of pipeline leakage can be obtained, and after the indoor risk is eliminated, the risk change trend of the harmful gas is evaluated through a transient period, so that whether fresh air is introduced into an indoor is determined.
And, an indoor air environment control terminal based on thing networking includes:
at least one processor;
and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;
the storage stores a computer program which can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the indoor air environment control method based on the Internet of things.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, apparatus, article or method that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention. Structures, devices and methods of operation not specifically described and illustrated herein, unless otherwise indicated and limited, are implemented according to conventional means in the art.
Claims (8)
1. An indoor air environment control method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising the following steps:
acquiring indoor space layout, and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, wherein a plurality of air monitoring points are arranged in each monitoring area;
acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
obtaining standard concentration of harmful gas information and comparing the standard concentration with the concentration of harmful gas in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is sent out immediately, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gas under adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
if the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
Acquiring the current harmful gas concentration, combining an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration with a standard concentration, inputting the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node;
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the current harmful gas concentration, and combining an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and a standard concentration to input the current harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function to obtain a safe period, wherein the step of obtaining the safe period comprises the following steps:
acquiring the concentration of harmful gas under the current sampling node, and calibrating the concentration as the current concentration of harmful gas;
obtaining a prediction function;
inputting the current harmful gas concentration, the increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together, and calibrating an output result as a safe period;
the step of performing offset processing on the end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node comprises the following steps:
acquiring an end node of the safety period;
acquiring standard deviation time length, and taking an end node of the safety period as a starting node, and carrying out deviation towards the direction of the current sampling node by combining the standard deviation time length to obtain a risk node;
Constructing a transient period in a direction approaching to the current sampling node by taking the risk node as an ending node;
the concentration of harmful gas in the transient period is obtained and is input into a trend evaluation function, and an output result is calibrated to be a risk variation trend value;
if the value of the risk variation trend value is smaller than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration in the safety period is reduced, and no fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
and if the value of the risk change trend value is greater than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration continuously rises in the safety period, and after the harmful gas concentration rises to the standard concentration, an alarm signal is sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into a room.
2. The indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the indoor air environment control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step of sending out alarm signals and introducing fresh air into a room comprises the following steps:
acquiring fresh air gas and detecting whether harmful gas exists in the fresh air gas;
if yes, filtering the fresh air, and introducing the filtered fresh air into a room;
if not, directly introducing the fresh air into the room.
3. The indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things according to claim 2, wherein the indoor air environment control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after the fresh air is introduced into the room, the concentration of harmful gas in each monitoring area is obtained in real time;
acquiring rated lower limit concentration, comparing the rated lower limit concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area, and stopping introducing fresh air into the room after the harmful gas concentration is lower than the rated lower limit concentration;
when fresh air is initially introduced into a room, the fresh air is filtered.
4. The indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the indoor air environment control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step of constructing a monitoring period and constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points comprises the following steps:
acquiring the concentration of harmful gas at all air monitoring points in real time, inputting the concentration into an evaluation function, obtaining the average value of indoor harmful gas concentration, and calibrating the average value as a parameter to be evaluated;
acquiring an evaluation interval, and comparing the evaluation interval with the parameters to be evaluated to obtain indoor air quality grades, wherein each air quality grade corresponds to the duration of one monitoring period;
Determining the duration of a monitoring period according to the air quality grade, and acquiring the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring point in real time;
measuring and calculating whether the time length of the monitoring period and the acquisition frequency of the air monitoring point are integral multiples;
if so, constructing a plurality of sampling nodes by taking the collection frequency of the air monitoring points as an interval, and acquiring the concentration of harmful gas at each air monitoring point in the monitoring period in real time;
if not, the duration of the monitoring period is prolonged according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, a plurality of sampling nodes are built by taking the collection frequency of the air monitoring points as intervals, and the concentration of harmful gas under each air monitoring point in the monitoring period is obtained in real time.
5. The indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things according to claim 4, wherein the indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things is characterized in that: the step of inputting the harmful gas concentration under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration comprises the following steps:
acquiring harmful gas concentrations under all sampling nodes in all monitoring periods;
acquiring a trend evaluation function from the trend evaluation model;
And (3) inputting the harmful gas concentration under all the sampling nodes into a trend evaluation function, and calibrating an output result as an increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration.
6. The indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things according to claim 5, wherein the indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things is characterized in that: in the safety period, the harmful gas concentrations in all monitoring areas are arranged in sequence from large to small, and the area with the largest harmful gas concentration is marked as a diffusion area;
acquiring the position of the diffusion region, and judging whether a leakage source exists in the diffusion region;
if yes, generating an obstacle removing plan, and immediately introducing fresh air into the room;
if not, continuously monitoring the concentration of the harmful gas, and introducing fresh air into the room after the concentration of the harmful gas is increased to the standard concentration.
7. An indoor air environment control system based on the internet of things, which is applied to the indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor space layout and constructing a plurality of monitoring areas according to the indoor space layout, and a plurality of air monitoring points are arranged in each monitoring area;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring indoor air information under all air monitoring points in each monitoring area, wherein the indoor air information comprises harmful gas concentration and harmless gas concentration;
the alarm module is used for acquiring the standard concentration of the harmful gas information and comparing the standard concentration with the harmful gas concentration in each monitoring area;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is poor, an alarm signal is sent out immediately, and fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
if the concentration of the harmful gas is smaller than the standard concentration, the air quality in the monitoring area is safe, and fresh air is not introduced into the room;
the sampling module is used for constructing a monitoring period, constructing sampling nodes in the monitoring period according to the collection frequency of the air monitoring points, and comparing the concentration of harmful gases under adjacent sampling nodes in real time;
if the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring period is continuously increased, judging that the concentration of the harmful gas in the monitoring area has a trend exceeding the standard concentration, inputting the concentration of the harmful gas under all sampling nodes into a trend evaluation model to obtain an increasing trend value of the concentration of the harmful gas, otherwise, judging that the air quality in the monitoring area is safe;
The evaluation module is used for acquiring the current harmful gas concentration, combining the trend increasing value of the harmful gas concentration with the standard concentration, inputting the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into the prediction function to obtain a safety period, performing offset processing on an end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node
The step of obtaining the current harmful gas concentration, and inputting the current harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together with the trend-increasing value of the harmful gas concentration to obtain a safe period comprises the following steps:
acquiring the concentration of harmful gas under the current sampling node, and calibrating the concentration as the current concentration of harmful gas;
obtaining a prediction function;
inputting the current harmful gas concentration, the increasing trend value of the harmful gas concentration and the standard concentration into a prediction function together, and calibrating an output result as a safe period;
the step of performing offset processing on the end node of the safety period to obtain a risk node, and introducing fresh air under the risk node comprises the following steps:
acquiring an end node of the safety period;
acquiring standard deviation time length, and taking an end node of the safety period as a starting node, and carrying out deviation towards the direction of the current sampling node by combining the standard deviation time length to obtain a risk node;
Constructing a transient period in a direction approaching to the current sampling node by taking the risk node as an ending node;
the concentration of harmful gas in the transient period is obtained and is input into a trend evaluation function, and an output result is calibrated to be a risk variation trend value;
if the value of the risk variation trend value is smaller than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration in the safety period is reduced, and no fresh air gas is introduced into the room;
and if the value of the risk change trend value is greater than or equal to zero, the harmful gas concentration continuously rises in the safety period, and after the harmful gas concentration rises to the standard concentration, an alarm signal is sent out, and fresh air gas is introduced into a room.
8. Indoor air environment control terminal based on thing networking, its characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
at least one processor;
and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the indoor air environment control method based on the internet of things of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN115325675A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-11-11 | 信达环境科技江苏有限公司 | Fresh air control system and method for automatically adjusting indoor air environment |
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