CN116292778A

CN116292778A - Novel speed changer

Info

Publication number: CN116292778A
Application number: CN202310279326.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾雪莲
Original assignee: Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College
Current assignee: Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College
Priority date: 2023-03-21
Filing date: 2023-03-21
Publication date: 2023-06-23

Abstract

The invention provides a novel transmission, which comprises a central worm; the planetary gears are arranged in a plurality, surround the central worm, and are matched with the lower half part of the central worm; the gear ring wraps all the planetary gears, and the inner side of the gear ring is matched with the planetary gears; the planet carrier is used for connecting a plurality of planet gears surrounding the central worm in series, and further comprises clutch plates which are combined with or separated from an area A at the upper half part of the central worm, an area B at the lower part of the planet carrier and an area C at the outer side of the gear ring in a use state; the invention forms a speed changer by 4 components of the central worm, the planet wheel, the gear ring and the planet carrier, and has the advantages of compact structure, large bearing capacity, high transmission efficiency and the like; the clutch plate is combined with or separated from the area A at the upper half part of the central worm, the area B at the lower part of the planet carrier and the area C at the outer side of the gear ring in the use state, so that 8 gear exchanges are realized, and the practicability is higher.

Description

Novel speed changer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel transmission, and belongs to the technical field of automobile manufacturing.

Background

Currently, an automotive transmission is a set of transmission devices for coordinating the rotational speed of an engine with the actual running speed of the wheels for best performance of the engine. The transmission can generate different speed ratios between the engine and wheels during running of the automobile; the engine can be operated in its optimum power performance state by shifting gears. The development trend of the transmission is to be more and more complex, and a plurality of speed change gears are provided for automatic speed change.

As mentioned in publication number CN115750697a, the patent name is "transmission for electric vehicle", 4 gear sets are designed in total, namely, gear set one, gear set two, gear set three and gear set four, and only two-gear speed change is performed, and although the operation is convenient, the structure is complex and the number of gear shifting times of vehicle speed is small.

As another example, the publication number CN115750697a refers to a transmission and a working method thereof, and the gear transmission mechanism is a planetary gear structure or a parallel shaft gear transmission mechanism, and when the transmission mechanism is of a planetary gear structure, the transmission mechanism comprises a sun gear, a gear ring and a planet carrier assembly, and the planet carrier assembly comprises a planet carrier, a planet wheel shaft and a bearing positioned between the planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft, and also has the problems of numerous parts, less gear shifting times and easy abrasion of friction plates.

In this regard, the invention develops a novel transmission which has a simple and compact structure and can regulate speed in multiple gears.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention particularly develops a novel transmission that is simple and compact in structure and capable of multi-gear speed regulation.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel transmission comprising a central worm;

the planetary gears are arranged in a plurality, surround the central worm, and are matched with the lower half part of the central worm;

the gear ring wraps all the planetary gears, and the inner side of the gear ring is matched with the planetary gears;

and the planet carriers are used for connecting a plurality of planet gears surrounding the central worm in series.

As a further improvement, it also comprises clutch plates, which in use are engaged with or disengaged from the upper central worm half a, the lower planet carrier B, and the outer ring gear C.

As a further improvement, the planetary gear further comprises a plurality of rolling bodies, wherein the rolling bodies are distributed on the circumference of each planetary wheel;

in the use state, the planet wheel rotates around the axis of the planet wheel and revolves around the axis of the central worm.

As a further development, a plurality of notches are provided on the circumference of each planet wheel, and a freely rolling body is arranged inside each notch.

As a further improvement, the central worm comprises an area A of the upper half part, the area A is a gear ring sleeved on the upper half part of the central worm, a plurality of tooth grooves are formed in the outer surface of the gear ring, and the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plates in a use state;

the first tooth surface of the lower half is also included to cooperate with the rolling elements.

As a further improvement, the C area outside the gear ring is of a structure that a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the gear ring, the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plates in a use state, and the second tooth surface inside the gear ring is meshed with the rolling body.

As a further improvement, the area B at the lower part of the planet carrier is of a structure that a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the planet carrier, and the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plates in the use state.

As a further development, the first tooth flank of the central worm is a helical tooth flank formed by the envelope of the movement of the rolling bodies on the planet wheels.

As a further development, the second tooth flank on the inner side of the ring gear is a helical tooth flank formed by the envelope of the movement of the rolling bodies on the planet wheels.

As a further improvement, the number of teeth of the first tooth surface of the lower half part of the central worm is Z ₁ The tooth number of the planet wheel is Z ₂ The number of teeth of the second tooth surface on the inner side of the gear ring is Z ₃ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the number of teeth Z ₃ >Z ₂ >Z ₁ 。

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the invention forms a speed changer by 4 components of the central worm, the planet wheel, the gear ring and the planet carrier, and has the advantages of compact structure, large bearing capacity, high transmission efficiency and the like.

2. The clutch plate is combined with or separated from the area A at the upper half part of the central worm, the area B at the lower part of the planet carrier and the area C at the outer side of the gear ring in the use state, so that 8 gear exchanges are realized, and the practicability is higher.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a novel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the planetary gear set comprises a central worm 10, planetary gears 20, a gear ring 30, a planetary carrier 40, a first tooth surface 101, a notch and a second tooth surface 301.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a novel transmission according to a specific embodiment, including a central worm 10 and planetary gears 20, wherein a number of planetary gears 20 encircle the central worm 10, and each planetary gear 20 is matched with a lower half of the central worm 10;

the gear ring 30 wraps all the planetary gears 20, and the inner side of the gear ring 30 is matched with the planetary gears 20;

a planet carrier 40, a number of planet wheels 20 surrounding the central worm 10 are connected in series with the planet carrier 40.

The invention forms a speed changer by the central worm 10, the planet wheel 20, the gear ring 30 and the planet carrier 40, and has the advantages of compact structure, large bearing capacity, high transmission efficiency and the like.

The novel transmission further comprises clutch plates which are combined with or separated from the upper half A area of the central worm 10, the lower part B area of the planet carrier 40 and the outer side C area of the gear ring 30 in the use state to realize 8 gear shifting, and the gear shifting is particularly described below.

As a possible implementation of the invention, it is preferable that a novel transmission of the invention further comprises rolling bodies 50, a number of which are distributed on the circumference of each planet wheel 20;

in the state of use, the planetary gear 20 revolves around the axis of the central worm 10 while rotating around its own axis.

Further, each planet wheel 20 is provided with a number of notches in its circumference, inside each of which a freely rolling body 50 is arranged.

In one specific embodiment, the rolling elements 50 are spherical, the notches are also spherical, spherical members, and the surfaces of the rolling elements are round and smooth, even the rolling elements can be polished to a smooth surface, when the rolling elements 50 roll freely in the notches, the rolling elements do not have a blocking feeling, the rolling is smooth, the clutch plates are smoother in gear shifting, and the transmission efficiency is high.

As a possible implementation specific scheme of the present invention, preferably, the central worm 10 includes an area a of the upper half and a first tooth surface 101 of the lower half, where the area a is a gear ring sleeved on the upper half of the central worm 10 and provided with a plurality of tooth grooves on the outer surface, and in a use state, the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plates; the first tooth surface 101 cooperates with the rolling elements 50.

Further, the first tooth surface 101 of the central worm 10 is a spiral tooth surface formed by the motion envelope of the rolling bodies 50 on the planetary gear 20, and when the first tooth surface 101 and the rolling bodies 50 are matched in an actual working state, sliding is smooth, actual gear shifting is rapid, gear blockage is avoided, and transmission efficiency is high.

Further, the first tooth surface 101 equation of the central worm 10 is formula 1 and formula 2, specifically as follows:

(x _1' ,y _1' ,z _1' ) Is the dynamic coordinate system of the central worm 10, (x) _2' ,y _2' ,z _2' ) Dynamic coordinate system of planet 20, a ₀ R is the center distance from the center worm 10 to the planetary worm gear 20 ₂ The radius of the center circle of the teeth of the planet wheel 20 is the radius of the rolling body 50, i ₂₁ Is the transmission ratio of the planet wheel 20 to the central worm 10. a, a ₀ 、r ₂ 、i ₂₁ ρ is a known constant, and u and v are spherical parameters of the rolling element.

As a possible implementation of the present invention, preferably, the region C outside the gear ring 30 has a structure in which a plurality of tooth grooves are formed on the outer surface of the gear ring 30, the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plate in the use state, and the second tooth surface 301 inside the gear ring 30 is engaged with the rolling element 50.

Further, the second tooth surface 301 on the inner side of the ring gear 30 is a spiral tooth surface formed by the motion envelope of the rolling elements 50 on the planetary gear 20, and when the second tooth surface 301 and the rolling elements 50 are matched in the actual working state, the sliding is smooth, and the actual gear shifting is rapid and no gear is blocked.

Further, the second tooth surface 301 equation inside the ring gear 30 is formula 3 and formula 4, specifically as follows:

in (x) _3' ,y _3' ,z _3' ) Is the dynamic coordinate system of the ring gear 30, (x) _2' ,y _2' ,z _2' ) Dynamic coordinate system of planet 20, i ₂₃ Is the ratio of the planet gears 20 to the ring gear 30. a, a ₀ 、r ₂ 、i ₂₃ ρ is a known constant, and u and v are spherical parameters of the rolling element.

In summary, that is to say in operation, the rolling elements (50) mesh simultaneously with the first tooth flank (101) of the central worm (10) and the second tooth flank (301) of the ring gear (30).

As a possible implementation specific scheme of the invention, preferably, the lower part B area of the planet carrier (40) is a structure that a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the planet carrier (40), and the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plates in a use state.

As a possible implementation of the invention, it is preferable that the number of teeth of the first tooth surface 101 of the lower half of the central worm 10 is Z ₁ The number of teeth of the planet gear 20 is Z ₂ The number of teeth of the second tooth surface 301 inside the ring gear 30 is Z ₃ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the number of teeth Z ₃ >Z ₂ >Z ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The shift principle will now be explained:

(1) Downshifting one

The gear ring 30 is fixed by the clutch plate, the central worm 10 is used as an input member, the planet carrier 40 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is the same

(20) Downshifting gear II

The central worm 10 is fixed by a clutch plate, the gear ring 30 is used as an input member, the planet carrier 40 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is at the moment

(30) Direct gear

The central worm 10, the gear ring 30 and the planet carrier 40 are not fixed, the inner annular surfaces of the central worm 10 and the gear ring 30 are used as input pieces and rotate in the same direction and the same speed, so that the planet gears 20 are locked between the inner annular surfaces of the central worm 10 and the gear ring 30, like a rigid whole, at the moment, the rotating speed of the planet carrier 40 is the same as the input rotating speed, and the transmission ratio i=1.

(40) Acceleration gear I

The central worm 10 is fixed by a clutch plate, the planet carrier 40 is used as an input member, the gear ring 30 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is the same

(5) Acceleration gear II

The gear ring 30 is fixed by the clutch plate, the planet carrier 40 is used as an input member, the central worm 10 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is the same

(6) Reverse gear one

The planet carrier 40 is fixed by the clutch plate, the central worm 10 is used as an input member, the gear ring 30 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is the same

(7) Reverse gear II

The planet carrier 40 is fixed by the clutch plate, the gear ring 30 is used as an input member, the central worm 10 is used as an output member, and the transmission ratio is the same

(8) Neutral gear

The central worm 10, the ring gear 30 and the planet carrier 40 are not fixed, and no matter which is used as an input member, the mechanism has no definite output and is in neutral.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel transmission, characterized by comprising a central worm (10);

the planetary gears (20) are arranged in a plurality, surround the central worm (10), and each planetary gear (20) is matched with the lower half part of the central worm (10);

a gear ring (30) wrapping all the planetary gears (20), wherein the inner side of the gear ring (30) is matched with the planetary gears (20);

and a planet carrier (40), wherein a plurality of planet gears (20) surrounding the central worm (10) are connected in series by adopting the planet carrier (40).

2. A new transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it further comprises clutch plates which, in use, are engaged with or disengaged from the upper half a of the central worm (10), the lower half B of the planet carrier (40) and the outer C of the ring gear (30).

3. A new type of transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises rolling bodies (50), a number of which are distributed over the circumference of each planet wheel (20);

in the use state, the planet wheel (20) rotates around the axis of the planet wheel and revolves around the axis of the central worm (10).

4. A novel transmission as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that each planet wheel (20) is provided with a number of notches in its circumference, inside each of which a freely rolling element (50) is provided.

5. A new type of transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the central worm (10) comprises an area a of the upper half, said area a being a toothing fitted around the upper half of the central worm (10) and provided with a plurality of tooth slots on the outer surface, the tooth slots being engaged or disengaged with the clutch plates in the condition of use;

the first tooth surface (101) of the lower half is also included and cooperates with the rolling elements (50).

6. A new type of transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that the C area outside the gear ring (30) is a structure in which a plurality of tooth grooves are provided on the outer surface of the gear ring (30), the tooth grooves are combined with or separated from the clutch plate in the use state, and the second tooth surface (301) inside the gear ring (30) is engaged with the rolling elements (50).

7. A novel transmission as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the lower portion B of the planet carrier (40) has a structure in which a plurality of tooth grooves are provided on the outer surface of the planet carrier (40), and the tooth grooves are engaged with or disengaged from the clutch plates in the use state.

8. A new transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that the first tooth flank (101) of the central worm (10) is a helical tooth flank formed by the envelope of the movement of the rolling bodies (50) on the planet wheels (20).

9. A new transmission according to claim 6, characterised in that the second tooth flank (301) inside the ring gear (30) is a helical tooth flank formed by the envelope of the movement of the rolling bodies (50) on the planet wheels (20).

10. A novel transmission according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9, characterized in that the number of teeth of the central worm (10) is Z ₁ The tooth number of the planet wheel (20) is Z ₂ The number of teeth of the gear ring (30) is Z ₃ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the number of teeth Z ₃ >Z ₂ >Z ₁ ；。