CN116292704A - Anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application - Google Patents

Anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application Download PDF

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CN116292704A
CN116292704A CN202310329108.4A CN202310329108A CN116292704A CN 116292704 A CN116292704 A CN 116292704A CN 202310329108 A CN202310329108 A CN 202310329108A CN 116292704 A CN116292704 A CN 116292704A
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arc
damping
shaped
damping element
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杨旗
王敏
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Shanghai Material Research Institute Co ltd
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Shanghai Material Research Institute Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/185—Leaf springs characterised by shape or design of individual leaves
    • F16F1/187—Leaf springs characterised by shape or design of individual leaves shaped into an open profile, i.e. C- or U-shaped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18—Leaf springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
    • F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
    • F16F3/023—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction composed only of leaf springs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application thereof. The arc damping element is made of austenitic steel, the geometric shape of the arc damping element is an arc structure, pin shaft holes are formed in two ends of the arc damping element, and the cross section of the arc damping element is rectangular. The yield strength of the austenitic steel is not less than 420MPa; when stretching or compressing elastoplastic deformation, the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane sliding mechanism; the fatigue life of the austenitic steel under the conditions of 1% strain amplitude, -1 strain ratio and 0.1-0.2 Hz loading frequency is not less than 1800 cycles. In the geometric shape, the width of the arc-shaped damping element gradually decreases or remains unchanged from the arc-shaped middle section part to the pin shaft hole part; the ratio of the maximum width of the arc-shaped damping element to the radius of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element is 1/10-1/3; the central angle corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is 180-215 degrees. The arc-shaped damping element can provide high damping force and has the characteristics of good fatigue performance, simple and compact structure and the like.

Description

Anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering structure earthquake resistance, and particularly relates to an anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application thereof.
Background
Ductile metals have good plastic deformability and exhibit excellent hysteresis characteristics (i.e., plastic dissipative properties) under repeated loading, and thus are used to make various types of metal dissipative dampers.
In bridge structure vibration control, damping devices such as C-shaped steel dampers and E-shaped steel dampers are arranged between the upper and lower structures of the bridge, and play roles in resisting tension, limiting and dissipating external vibration energy. Currently, the metallic materials used to make bridge dampers are typically low yield point steels and carbon structural steels with higher yield strength (e.g., Q355B, etc.). The steel types are all ferritic steel; under the action of alternating load, fatigue damage is usually induced to form and expand from the concentrated position of internal stress and strain, resident sliding belt and dislocation cellular structure of the ferritic steel material earlier, and finally, the material is subjected to fatigue damage, so that the fatigue life of the material is often lower; further, as the strength of ferritic steel materials increases, the fatigue life of the materials upon repeated plastic deformation is also typically correspondingly reduced. Therefore, steel dampers made from the above ferritic steel materials are difficult to meet the fatigue performance requirements under some conditions of use.
In bridge structures, the installation of steel dampers such as C-shaped steel is often affected by the size of the space. For example, in high intensity areas, there is a large displacement requirement for the damper, which makes the existing ferritic steel dampers more widely sized to meet the damping displacement and force requirements; however, bridge structures are often limited by the space between the pier top and the beam bottom, and existing ferritic steel dampers cannot be designed for use or are inflexible in spatial layout. Therefore, when the steel damper is used for realizing the energy dissipation and vibration reduction effects, the reduction of the size of the steel damper is beneficial to enhancing the flexibility of installation and use of the steel damper.
The Fe-Mn-Si austenitic alloy steel with low fault energy has excellent fatigue resistance, is potentially used for manufacturing damping units (such as C-shaped steel and the like) of the steel damper, and prolongs the service life of the steel damper. However, the low-fault energy Fe-Mn-Si austenitic alloy steel has a low yield strength (usually significantly lower than 350 to 400 MPa); when the damping unit is required to provide a large damping force, the design cross-sectional area of the damping unit is also increased, which also results in an increase in the required installation space of the damper and inflexibility in the spatial layout of the steel damper. At present, low-fault energy Fe-Mn-Si austenitic alloy steel has not been used for manufacturing a C-shaped steel damper.
In view of the adverse properties of the conventional steel damper metal materials such as C-section steel (low fatigue resistance of ferritic steel and low yield strength of low-fault-energy fe—mn—si austenitic alloy steel) and the conventional steel damper such as C-section steel (poor fatigue resistance, or large structural size and large required installation space), there is an urgent need to develop a C-section steel damper that can provide a large damping force, has good fatigue resistance, and has a simple and compact structure, and that can realize the functions of tensile limiting, energy dissipation and vibration reduction, and can realize miniaturization and weight reduction of the steel damper when applied to bridge supports.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the current situation that the C-shaped steel damper in the prior art cannot simultaneously give consideration to the large damping force, good fatigue performance and simple and compact structure, the first aspect of the invention provides an anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing the high damping force, and the second aspect provides application of the arc-shaped damping element.
The arc-shaped damping element provided by the invention has the advantages of good fatigue performance, simple and compact structure, capability of providing larger damping force and the like.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme.
The first aspect of the present invention provides an anti-fatigue arcuate shock absorbing member that provides a high damping force.
An anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force is made of austenitic steel, has an arc-shaped geometric shape and a rectangular cross section shape, and is provided with pin shaft holes at two ends;
the yield strength of the austenitic steel is not less than 420MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 30%; when the strain amplitude of the periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation is 1 percent, the strain ratio-1 and the loading frequency are 0.1-0.2 Hz, the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is not less than 1800 cycles;
the microstructure of the austenitic steel consists of austenite, ferrite with the volume fraction of not more than 10 percent and a dispersed precipitated phase with the volume fraction of not more than 15 percent; when stretching or compressing elastoplastic deformation, the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane sliding mechanism; the austenite structure has an average grain size of no more than 250 μm; the dispersed phase plays a role of strengthening an austenite matrix, and the average size of the dispersed phase is not more than 1 mu m;
in the geometric shape of the arc-shaped damping element, the width b of the arc-shaped damping element gradually decreases or remains unchanged from the arc-shaped middle section of the damping element to the position adjacent to the pin shaft hole, wherein the arc-shaped middle section has the maximum width b max Adjacent toThe pin shaft hole part has the minimum width b min ，b min And b max The ratio is 1/3-1.0; b max The ratio of the damping element to the radius r of the central cambered surface of the damping element is 1/10-1/3; the central angle 360-theta corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is 180-215 degrees; the diameter of the pin shaft hole is b min 0.5 to 1.0 times of the total weight of the composition.
When the width b of the arc-shaped damping element remains unchanged, b=b max ＝b min The arcuate shock absorbing elements have an equally rectangular cross section.
Based on the austenitic steel material selection and geometric design, the design damping displacement of the anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element is not less than 0.3 times of the center distance L of pin shaft holes at two ends of the arc-shaped damping element; under the designed damping displacement condition, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can complete at least 25 cycles of periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%; and then, under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can continuously complete at least 3 weeks of periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%.
In the invention, the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element is defined as a sector-shaped curved surface equidistant from the inner edge curved surface and the outer edge curved surface of the arc-shaped damping element, and the radius of the sector-shaped curved surface is recorded as r; the width of the arcuate shock absorbing element is defined as the distance between the inner and outer curved surfaces of the shock absorbing element along the radial direction of the aforementioned fan-shaped curved surface.
In the invention, the design damping displacement, damping force and damping force symmetry of the arc-shaped damping element are defined as follows.
The design damping displacement refers to the maximum tensile displacement (also maximum compression displacement) allowed by the arc-shaped damping element when the arc-shaped damping element is subjected to reciprocating tensile and compression deformation; and under the condition of the maximum stretching (or compressing) displacement, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can complete at least 25 cycles of periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%; and then, under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can continuously complete at least 3 times of periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%. Damping displacement refers to the tensile (or compressive) displacement of an arcuate shock absorbing element when subjected to reciprocating tensile and compressive deformations to absorb dissipated external shock energy. Damping force refers to the tensile load and compressive load that the arc-shaped damping element is subjected to when subjected to tensile and compressive deformation to absorb and dissipate external vibration energy. Damping force symmetry refers to the degree of closeness between the tensile load and the compressive load borne by the arc-shaped shock absorbing element under certain damping displacement conditions, and is expressed by relative difference (= (tensile load-compressive load)/average value of the tensile load and the compressive load); the small relative difference between the two indicates that the damping force has good symmetry, and otherwise indicates that the damping force has poor symmetry.
The material of the anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element is austenitic steel. The microstructure of the austenitic steel consists of austenite, ferrite with the volume fraction of not more than 10 percent and a dispersed precipitated phase with the volume fraction of not more than 15 percent; the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane slip mechanism when stretch or compression elastoplastic deformation is performed. The microstructure feature can reduce the formation of internal defects of the austenitic steel and delay the expansion of fatigue cracks, so that the austenitic steel shows good low-cycle fatigue performance, and further the low-cycle fatigue performance and the accumulated plastic deformation capacity of the arc-shaped damping element are enhanced. The invention defines that the austenite structure has an average grain size of not more than 250 μm, and aims to reduce the risk of fatigue crack initiation and propagation along the austenite grain boundaries (when the austenite average grain size exceeds 250 μm, the risk of fatigue crack initiation and propagation along the austenite grain boundaries increases significantly). The austenitic steel defined by the present invention may contain ferrite in a volume fraction of not more than 10%; when the ferrite content is too high, the fatigue resistance of the austenitic steel may be significantly lowered. The dispersed precipitated phases distributed on the austenitic steel matrix are beneficial to increasing the strength of the austenitic steel and improving the damping force provided by the damping element. The invention defines that the austenitic steel matrix can contain no more than 15% by volume of precipitated phases and the average size of the precipitation-enhancing phases is no more than 1 μm; both excessive content and oversized precipitated phases can cause strain localization and initiation of fatigue cracks. The present invention severely defines the microstructure of austenitic steels with the objective of ensuring that austenitic steels and shock absorbing elements are able to withstand large strain fatigue deformations without excessive fatigue failure.
The yield strength of the austenitic steel is defined to be not less than 420MPa, and the elongation at break is defined to be not less than 30%; when the strain amplitude of the periodical alternating tensile-compressive elastoplastic deformation is 1%, the strain ratio is-1 and the loading frequency is 0.1-0.2 Hz, the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is not less than 1800 cycles. The mechanical properties of austenitic steel are limited, and the main purpose of the austenitic steel is to ensure that the material has higher strength and good plastic deformation capability and fatigue property, so that the arc-shaped damping element can provide larger damping force and has the following larger design damping displacement and fatigue property: designing damping displacement to be not less than 0.3 times of the center distance of pin shaft holes at two ends of the arc-shaped damping element; under the designed damping displacement condition, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can complete at least 25 cycles of periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%; and then, under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can continuously complete at least 3 times of periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%.
In the geometry of the arc-shaped damping element, the width b of the arc-shaped damping element gradually decreases from the arc-shaped middle section of the damping element to the pin shaft hole parts at the two ends (namely, the damping element has a variable cross-section structural characteristic) or remains unchanged (namely, the damping element has a constant cross-section structural characteristic). The geometric design can enable all the materials of the arc-shaped damping element to effectively participate in yielding deformation and plastic energy consumption; otherwise, the damping element can generate remarkable strain concentration, so that the energy consumption effect of the damping element is reduced. In the invention, the arc middle section part has the maximum width b max The adjacent pin shaft hole part has the minimum width b min Limit b min And b max The ratio is 1/3-1.0. When b min And b max When the ratio of the arc-shaped damping elements is towards 1/3, the arc-shaped damping elements are sprungThe stress and strain distribution in the plastic deformation process is relatively uniform, and the designed damping displacement of the damping element is large (compared with an arc-shaped damping element with a uniform cross section); when b min And b max The arcuate shock absorbing element provides a greater damping force when the ratio is trending toward 1 and provides better symmetry of the damping force at large damping displacements (as compared to a variable cross-section arcuate shock absorbing element).
The invention defines the maximum width b of the arc-shaped damping element max The ratio of the radius r of the central cambered surface to the radius r of the central cambered surface is 1/10-1/3; the central angle 360-theta corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is 180-215 degrees. Maximum width b of shock-absorbing element max When the ratio of the radius of the central cambered surface to the radius of the central cambered surface is smaller than 1/10, the plastic deformation of the shock absorbing element and the provided damping force are small, and the good fatigue resistance of the austenitic steel material of the shock absorbing element cannot be fully exerted. Maximum width b of arc-shaped damping element max When the ratio of the radius of the central cambered surface to the central cambered surface is more than 1/3, the middle section of the shock absorbing element and the nearby part of the shock absorbing element are larger in plastic deformation, which can cause: under the condition that the target design damping displacement (not less than 0.3 times of the center distance L of pin shaft holes at two ends of the damping element), the damping element cannot complete 25-cycle periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is less than 15%; or the shock absorbing element cannot simultaneously meet the fatigue deformation of 25 weeks under the condition of target design damping displacement and the fatigue deformation of 3 weeks under the condition of 1.2 times of target design damping displacement. The present invention thus defines the maximum width b of the arcuate shock absorbing element max The ratio of the radius of the central cambered surface is 1/10-1/3. In addition, when the central angle (360 ° - θ) corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends of the arc-shaped damping element is smaller than 180 °, the damping force symmetry of the damping element in large damping displacement is poor; when the central angle (360 ° -theta) corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends of the arc-shaped damping element is larger than 215 °, the arc-shaped damping element cannot fully exert the deformation energy consumption effect under the influence of the limited center distance of the pin shaft holes at the two ends, and correspondingly, the structural size design of the damping element is too redundant. Therefore, the central angle (360 ° - θ) corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends of the arc-shaped damping element is defined to be 180 ° -215 °.
Compared with the existing torque-variable cross-section arc-shaped damping element (the damping element is made of ferritic steel), the rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damping element has the following advantages:
1) The radius of the central cambered surface is small. The damping element can withstand larger periodic reciprocating elastoplastic deformation strain and more periodic reciprocating elastoplastic deformation due to the fact that the damping element is made of austenitic steel with good fatigue performance (the material fatigue performance is obviously superior to that of ferrite low yield point steel and high-strength carbon structural steel used for the existing damping element). For the same design damping displacement, the radius of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element can be more than 10% smaller than that of the central cambered surface of the conventional arc-shaped damping element, namely the plane size of the arc-shaped damping element can be obviously reduced, so that the miniaturization and the light weight of the damping element can be realized, and the installation space of the damping element can be saved. In addition, the radius of the central cambered surface of the shock absorbing element is reduced, so that the plastic deformation strain and damping force can be increased, the yield displacement is reduced, and the fatigue deformation hysteresis curve becomes more full.
2) The width of the arcuate shock absorbing element may be increased. As the width of the damper increases, the deformation strain experienced by the damper increases. Also, because austenitic steels can withstand greater cyclic reciprocating plastic deformation strains, the width of the arcuate shock absorbing element of the present invention can be greater than the width of existing ferritic steel arcuate shock absorbing elements for the same center arc radius. Increasing the width of the shock absorbing element helps to increase the damping force, reduce the yield displacement, and increase the fullness of the hysteresis curve. It is to be noted here that, although the width of the damper member is increased, miniaturization and weight saving of the damper member can be achieved due to a significant decrease in the radius of the center arc thereof.
3) And a larger damping force. The austenitic steel for the arc-shaped damping element material has higher yield strength and tensile strength (compared with the ferritic steel for the existing damping element material), and is easy to show higher cyclic work hardening behavior during strain fatigue deformation. Therefore, the damping element of the present invention can provide a larger damping force in terms of material properties.
4) When the arc-shaped damping element has the structural characteristics of the equal rectangular cross section, the symmetry of the damping force of the damping element and the fullness of the deformation hysteresis curve are improved. Although the variable cross-section characteristics can ensure that the stress and strain on the arc-shaped damping element in the deformation process are distributed uniformly, the equal rectangular cross-section characteristics can ensure that the damping force provided by the arc-shaped damping element in large damping displacement has better symmetry and the deformation hysteresis curve is plumter.
5) The arc-shaped shock absorbing element has the structural characteristics of an equal rectangular cross section, thereby helping to reduce the manufacturing cost of the shock absorbing element. The arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section can be manufactured by a bending forming method, and the utilization rate of materials is close to 100%; in comparison, the prior variable-section arc-shaped damping elements are often obtained by a method of cutting steel plates, and the utilization rate of materials is generally low (less than 50%). Thus, the cost of manufacturing the shock absorbing element of the present invention having the structural features of an equal rectangular cross-section is significantly reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the austenitic steel is defined by the following chemical composition in mass percent: mn is 15-40%, al is 6.0-13.0%, C is 0.6-1.3%, si is 3.0%, cr is 3.0%, ni is 6.0%, ti is 1.0%, nb is 1.0%, V is 1.0%, P is 0.15%, S is 0.03%, N is 0.03%, and the rest is Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
The austenitic steel meeting the above composition requirements has the following microstructure characteristics: the microstructure comprises austenite, ferrite with a volume fraction of not more than 10% and precipitated phase with a volume fraction of not more than 15%. Because of being rich in Al and Mn elements, austenite has high stacking fault energy; when in stretch or compression elastoplastic deformation, the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane sliding mechanism, so that the austenitic steel has good low-cycle fatigue performance, and further the low-cycle fatigue performance and the accumulated plastic deformation capacity of the arc-shaped damping element are enhanced. From the above, it is known that the precipitated phase distributed in the austenite matrix may include kappa carbide (intermediate compound formed of Fe, mn, al and C elements); an intermediate compound formed of Ni and Al elements; carbide particles formed by combining Ti, nb, V elements and C elements. The volume fraction of the precipitated phase is controlled to be not more than 15% and the average size of the precipitated phase is controlled to be not more than 1 μm. In addition, the austenitic steel has good atmospheric corrosion resistance because the components are rich in Al element.
The chemical composition of the austenitic steel may also contain small amounts of Cu element without altering the basic microstructure characteristics; the mass percentage of Cu element is defined as follows: cu is less than or equal to 2 percent.
When the alloy composition and microstructure characteristics are provided, the yield strength of the austenitic steel is not less than 420MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 30%; when the strain amplitude of the periodic alternating tensile-compressive deformation is 1%, the strain ratio is-1 and the loading frequency is 0.1-0.2 Hz, the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is not less than 1800 cycles.
Further, in another embodiment of the invention, the austenitic steel is defined by the following chemical composition in mass percent: less than or equal to 30 percent of Mn less than or equal to 40 percent, less than or equal to 6.0 percent and less than or equal to 11.0 percent of Al less than or equal to 0.6 percent and less than or equal to 1.2 percent of C less than or equal to 0.6 percent and less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Si less than or equal to 1.0 percent, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Cr less than or equal to 1.0 percent, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Ti less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
The austenitic steel meeting the above composition requirements has the following microstructure characteristics: the microstructure comprises austenite, ferrite with a volume fraction of not more than 10% and precipitated phase with a volume fraction of not more than 10%. Because of being rich in Al and Mn elements, austenite has high stacking fault energy; when in stretch or compression elastoplastic deformation, the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane sliding mechanism, so that the austenitic steel has good low-cycle fatigue performance, and further the low-cycle fatigue performance and the accumulated plastic deformation capacity of the arc-shaped damping element are enhanced. From the above, it is known that the precipitation-enhancing phase distributed in the austenite matrix may include kappa carbide (intermediate compound formed of Fe, mn, al and C elements), and carbide particles formed of Ti, nb, V elements combined with C elements. The volume fraction of the precipitation-enhancing phase is controlled to be not more than 10% and the average size of the precipitated phase is controlled to be not more than 1. Mu.m.
When the alloy composition and microstructure characteristics are provided, the yield strength of the austenitic steel is not less than 420MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 30%; when the strain amplitude of the periodic alternating tensile-compressive deformation is 1%, the strain ratio is-1 and the loading frequency is 0.1-0.2 Hz, the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is not less than 2000 weeks.
The anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element also comprises a common C-shaped steel damper.
A second aspect of the present invention provides the use of an anti-fatigue arcuate shock absorbing element as described above which provides a high damping force.
The arc-shaped damping elements may be used alone or in combination. When the damper is used in combination, the arc damper elements are stacked and overlapped together to be combined into a damping unit group, and the damping unit group is connected in series through a pin shaft penetrating through pin shaft holes at two ends. In addition, the arc-shaped shock absorbing elements or groups of damping units may be used in pairs, i.e. one arc-shaped shock absorbing element or group of damping units is in tension and the other shock absorbing element or group of damping units is in compression under the effect of the damping displacement.
The arc-shaped damping element is connected with the bridge support through the connecting piece, plays the roles of resisting tension, limiting and dissipating external vibration energy, and is connected with the connecting piece through a pin shaft at the pin shaft hole.
The invention further provides a damping unit group formed by overlapping the arc-shaped damping elements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the arc-shaped damping element has the characteristics of small size, large design damping displacement and large damping force.
2. The equal rectangular cross section arc-shaped damping element has the advantages of good damping force symmetry, compact structure, simple manufacturing method and low manufacturing cost.
3. The anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element is easy to realize miniaturization and light weight, can meet the requirement of bridges in high-intensity areas on large displacement of a transverse bridge of a shock absorbing and insulating device, and has small required installation space and convenient later maintenance.
4. The anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element has good atmospheric corrosion resistance.
It should be noted that the austenitic steel material with the mechanical properties, microstructure characteristics and composition ranges of the present invention can also be used for manufacturing steel dampers of any other geometric shape, such as E-type steel dampers, etc., for improving the earthquake-proof protection performance of buildings and bridges.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a torque converter-shaped cross-section arcuate shock absorbing element;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a torque converter-shaped cross-section arcuate shock absorbing element;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side elevational view of a torque converter cross-section arcuate shock absorbing element;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional view of an arc-shaped cushioning element of equal rectangular cross-section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an arc-shaped shock absorbing element of equal rectangular cross-section;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a damping unit group formed by overlapping stacks of arcuate shock absorbing elements.
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is: the novel damping device comprises a 1-torque-variable cross-section arc damping element, a 2-torque-variable cross-section arc damping element, a pin shaft hole of the 3-torque-variable cross-section arc damping element, a 4-equal rectangular cross-section arc damping element, a 5-equal rectangular cross-section arc damping element, and a 6-equal rectangular cross-section arc damping element.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
A damping element with a rectangular cross section and an arc-shaped cross section is made of austenitic steel, and the geometric shape of the damping element is shown in a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of fig. 1, a front view of fig. 2 and a side view of fig. 3.
The arc damping element material austenitic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.88% C,1.01% Si,30.1% Mn,9.2% Al,1.1% Cr,0.02% P,0.006% S,0.009% N,0.014% P, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The microstructure of the austenitic steel comprises only austenite, the austenite grain size being 68 μm. The mechanical properties of the austenitic steel are as follows: yield strength 540MPa, elongation at break 62%; the low cycle fatigue life was 4483 cycles when the strain amplitude of the periodically alternating stretch-compression elastoplastic deformation was 1%, the strain ratio-1 and the loading frequency was 0.1 Hz.
As can be seen from the front view shown in fig. 2 and the side view shown in fig. 3, the geometry of the torque converter-shaped cross-section arc-shaped damping element 1 is as follows: radius r=495 mm of the central cambered surface 2 of the torque-variable cross-section arc-shaped damping element; arc middle section part width b max Width b of adjacent pin hole part of 76mm min =45 mm, part b between them m1 =72 mm and b m2 =60 mm (angle between adjacent feature width parts in arc direction of 30 °, e.g. b max Width part and b m1 Included angle between width parts is 30 °); the central angle 360 DEG to theta corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes 3 at the two ends is about 208 DEG, the diameter of the pin shaft hole 3 of the arc damping element with the rectangular cross section is 38mm, and the center distance L=960 mm between the pin shaft holes at the two ends. The thickness h=55mm of the rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damping element 1.
The design damping displacement of the arc-shaped damping element is 450mm (about 0.47 times of the center distance L of pin shaft holes at two ends of the arc-shaped damping element); under the designed damping displacement condition, when the loading frequency is 0.03Hz, the arc-shaped damping element completes 30-cycle periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is less than 15%; and then under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement (namely the damping displacement is 540 mm), when the loading frequency is 0.03Hz, the arc-shaped damping element continuously completes 3 times of periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is less than 15%. At this time, the arc-shaped damping units are not cracked and destroyed yet. When the applied damping displacement is the designed damping displacement (=450 mm), the tensile damping force is 112KN, the compressive damping force is 68KN, the average value of the tensile and compressive damping forces= (tensile damping force+compressive damping force)/2= (112+68)/2 kn=90 KN, the damping force relative difference= (tensile damping force-compressive damping force)/the average value of the tensile and compressive damping force=49%.
Example 2
An arc-shaped damping element with an equal rectangular cross section is made of austenitic steel, and the geometric shape of the damping element is shown in a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of fig. 4 and a front view of fig. 5.
The arc damping element material austenitic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.88% C,1.01% Si,30.1% Mn,9.2% Al,1.1% Cr,0.02% P,0.006% S,0.009% N,0.014% P, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The microstructure of the austenitic steel comprises only austenite, the austenite grain size being 68 μm. The mechanical properties of the austenitic steel are as follows: yield strength 540MPa, elongation at break 62%; the low cycle fatigue life was 4483 cycles when the strain amplitude of the periodically alternating stretch-compression elastoplastic deformation was 1%, the strain ratio-1 and the loading frequency was 0.1 Hz.
As can be seen from the front view shown in fig. 5, the geometry of the equal rectangular cross-section arc-shaped shock absorbing element 4 is as follows: radius r=495 mm of the central cambered surface 5 of the arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section; equal rectangular cross-section arc cushioning element width b=76 mm; the central angle 360 DEG to theta corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is about 208 DEG, the diameter of the pin shaft hole 6 with the arc-shaped rectangular cross section is 38mm, and the center distance L=960 mm between the pin shaft holes 6 at the two ends. The thickness h=55 mm of the arc-shaped damping element 4.
The design damping displacement of the arc-shaped damping element is 400mm (about 0.42 times of the center distance L of pin shaft holes at two ends of the arc-shaped damping element); under the designed damping displacement condition, when the loading frequency is 0.03Hz, the arc-shaped damping element completes 30-cycle periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is less than 15%; and then under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement (namely, the damping displacement is 480 mm), when the loading frequency is 0.03Hz, the arc-shaped damping element continuously completes 3 times of periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is less than 15%. At this time, the arc-shaped damping units are not cracked and destroyed yet. When the applied damping displacement is the designed damping displacement (=400 mm), the tensile damping force is 124KN, the compressive damping force is 108KN, the average value of the tensile and compressive damping forces= (tensile damping force+compressive damping force)/2= (124+108)/2 kn=116 KN, the damping force relative difference= (tensile damping force-compressive damping force)/the average value of the tensile and compressive damping force=13.8%. The medium rectangular cross-section shock-absorbing element of this embodiment provides better symmetry of damping force than that of embodiment 1; however, the torque-variable cross-section shock absorbing element of example 1 tends to provide greater damping displacement.
In engineering, the arc-shaped damping elements are generally used in combination. When combined, a plurality of the arc-shaped damping elements are stacked and overlapped together to be combined into a damping unit group, and as shown in fig. 6, the damping unit groups are connected in series through pin shafts penetrating through pin shaft holes at two ends. The average of the tensile and compressive damping forces acting on the damping unit group is the average damping force provided by a single damping element multiplied by the number of damping elements.
Examples 3 to 6
The arc damping element with the equal rectangular cross section is made of austenitic steel, and the compositions of main alloy elements are shown in table 1; the austenitic steel contains 0.008-0.02% of S, 0.006-0.02% of N, 0.009-0.15% of P and some unavoidable trace impurity elements. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the austenitic steel of the arc-shaped damping element material are shown in table 2.
The geometry of the arc-shaped damping element is shown in the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of fig. 4 and the front view of fig. 5. The radius of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element is r, the width of the central cambered surface is b, the central angle corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is 360-theta, the diameter of the pin shaft hole is 0.5b, and the center distance between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is L. The specific planar dimensions of each shock absorbing element are shown in table 3. The thickness of each shock absorbing element was approximately 55mm.
The designed damping displacement, fatigue deformation performance, average value of tensile damping force and compressive damping force under the designed damping displacement condition, and the symmetry of damping force (expressed by the relative difference of tensile damping force and compressive damping force) of each arc-shaped damping element are shown in table 4. As can be seen from Table 4, each of the above-mentioned arc-shaped damper elements has the characteristics of large designed damping displacement, good fatigue performance and good damping force symmetry.
Table 1 weight percent of alloy elements of austenitic steel for arc-shaped damper element with rectangular cross section
C Mn Al Si Cr Ti Nb V
Example 3 0.60 38.8 6.6 1.5 1.1 / / /
Example 4 1.18 31.0 10.4 2.9 1.6 / 0.93 /
Example 5 0.82 32.2 8.0 0.65 1.2 / / /
Example 6 0.82 30.8 7.8 0.9 2.3 / / /
Table 2 mechanical properties and microstructure of austenitic steels used as rectangular-cross-section arc-shaped shock absorbing members
Figure BDA0004154293370000111
Table 3 planar geometry of equal rectangular cross section arc cushioning element
Figure BDA0004154293370000112
Figure BDA0004154293370000121
Table 4 design damping displacement, fatigue deformation performance and damping force of rectangular cross section arc damping element
Figure BDA0004154293370000122
Examples 7 to 11
The arc damping element with the torque-variable cross section is made of austenitic steel, and the composition of main alloy elements is shown in table 5; the austenitic steel contains 0.008-0.02% of S, 0.006-0.02% of N, 0.009-0.15% of P and some unavoidable trace impurity elements. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the austenitic steel of the arc-shaped damping element material are shown in table 6.
The geometry of the arc-shaped damping element is shown in the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of fig. 1 and the front view of fig. 2. The radius of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element is r, and the width b is between b max ～b min (the width characteristic value includes b max 、b m1 、b m2 And b min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the An included angle of 30 DEG between adjacent characteristic width parts along the arc direction, e.g. b max Width part and b m1 Included angle between width parts is 30 degrees), central angle corresponding to central cambered surface between pin shaft holes at two ends is 360 degrees-theta, and diameter of pin shaft hole is b min The center distance between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is L. The specific planar dimensions of each shock absorbing element are shown in table 7. The thickness of each shock absorbing element was approximately 55mm.
The designed damping displacement, fatigue deformation performance, average value of tensile damping force and compressive damping force under the designed damping displacement condition, and the symmetry of damping force (expressed by the relative differences of tensile damping force and compressive damping force) of each arc-shaped damping element are shown in table 8. As can be seen from Table 8, each of the above-mentioned arc-shaped damper elements has the characteristics of large designed damping displacement and excellent fatigue performance.
TABLE 5 weight percent (wt%) of alloying elements of Austenitic Steel as a material for arc-shaped shock absorbing elements of rectangular cross section
C Mn Al Si Cr Ni Ti Nb V
Example 7 1.30 32.0 10.8 1.5 / / / / /
Example 8 1.20 22.3 12.6 / 3.0 / / / /
Example 9 0.88 16.4 9.2 / / 4.8 / / /
Example 10 1.15 35.1 8.8 1.5 2.5 / 0.96 / /
Example 11 1.10 34.8 7.5 2.3 2.0 / / / 0.94
TABLE 6 mechanical and microstructural structures of Austenitic Steel of Material of arc-shaped vibration element with moment-changing cross section
Figure BDA0004154293370000131
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Figure BDA0004154293370000141
TABLE 7 planar geometry of moment-changing cross-section arc shock absorbing elements
Figure BDA0004154293370000142
Figure BDA0004154293370000151
Table 8 design damping Displacement, fatigue deformation Performance, damping force of moment-changing shaped Cross section arc damping element
Figure BDA0004154293370000152
Figure BDA0004154293370000161
Comparative example 1
The arc damping element with the torque-variable cross section is made of Q355B ferrite structural steel, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.18% of C,0.33% of Si,1.35% of Mn, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The geometric shape of the arc damping element with the torque-variable cross section is shown in fig. 2, and the radius r=495 mm of the central cambered surface of the arc damping element; arc middle section part width b max Width b of adjacent pin hole part of 76mm min =45 mm, part b between them m1 =72 mm and b m2 =60 mm (angle between adjacent feature width parts in arc direction of 30 °, e.g. b max Width part and b m1 Included angle between width parts is 30 °); the central angle 360 DEG to theta of the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is about 208 DEG, the diameter of the pin shaft holes is 38mm, and the center distance L=960 mm between the pin shaft holes at the two ends. The thickness h=55mm of the arc-shaped damping element.
The material of the arc damping element with the torque-variable cross section has the following mechanical properties: the yield strength is about 370MPa, and the elongation at break is about 27%; the fatigue life of the Q355B material is less than 1120 cycles when the strain amplitude of the periodically alternating stretch-compression elastoplastic deformation is 1%, the strain ratio-1, and the loading frequency is 0.1 Hz.
The arc-shaped damping element with the torque-changing cross section performs periodical alternating stretching-compression elastoplastic deformation under the condition of damping displacement of 450mm and loading frequency of 0.03 Hz; the damping force was substantially unchanged with increasing cycles, with an average value of the tensile and compressive damping forces at week 13 of about 58.5KN. And (3) continuing to circularly deform, gradually starting to locally deform the central part of the arc-shaped damping element, and attenuating the damping force. Compared with example 1, the fatigue deformation capacity and the damping force which can be provided by the ferrite steel variable rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damping element in this comparative example are significantly lower than those of the austenitic steel variable rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damping element in example 1.
Comparative example 2
An arc-shaped damping element with an equal rectangular cross section and a thickness of 55mm. The steel plate is Q355B ferrite structural steel, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.18% of C,0.33% of Si,1.35% of Mn, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The geometric shape of the arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section is shown in fig. 5, the radius r=495 mm of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element, the width is 76mm, the corresponding central angle 360 DEG-theta of the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is about 208 DEG, and the center distance L=960 mm between the pin shaft holes at the two ends.
The material of the arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section has the following mechanical properties: the yield strength is about 370MPa, and the elongation at break is about 27%; the fatigue life of the Q355B material is less than 1120 cycles when the strain amplitude of the periodically alternating stretch-compression elastoplastic deformation is 1%, the strain ratio-1, and the loading frequency is 0.1 Hz.
The arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section is subjected to periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation under the conditions of damping displacement of 375mm and loading frequency of 0.03Hz, and after 12 th cycle of reciprocating deformation, obvious local deformation and edge cracks appear at the central part of the arc-shaped damping element; when fatigue deformation is carried out under 375mm damping displacement, the damping force is rapidly attenuated by more than 20%, and at the moment, the arc-shaped damping element is judged to be damaged and failed. In comparison with example 2, the fatigue deformation capability of the rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damper member of ferritic steel or the like in this comparative example is significantly lower than that of the rectangular cross-section arc-shaped damper member of austenitic steel or the like in example 2.
Comparative example 3
An arc-shaped damping element with an equal rectangular cross section is about 55mm thick and is made of austenitic steel. The austenitic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 1.4% of C,24.5% of Mn,13.8% of Al,4% of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The plane geometry of the arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section is shown in fig. 5, the radius r=495 mm of the central cambered surface of the arc-shaped damping element, the width b=76 mm, the central angle 360 DEG-theta of the central cambered surface correspondence between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is about 208 DEG, and the center distance L=960 mm between the pin shaft holes at the two ends.
The austenitic steel material of the arc damping element with the equal rectangular cross section has the following mechanical and microstructure structural characteristics: yield strength of about 1215MPa and elongation at break of about 18%; the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is about 1475 cycles when the strain amplitude of the periodically alternating tensile-compressive elastoplastic deformation is 1%, the strain ratio-1 and the loading frequency is 0.1 Hz. The microstructure of the austenitic steel consists of austenite, a small amount of ferrite and carbide.
The arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section performs periodical alternating stretching-compression elastoplastic deformation under the condition of 270mm of target design damping displacement and 0.03Hz of loading frequency. The target design damping displacement is about 0.28 times of the center distance between the pin shaft holes at the two ends of the shock absorbing element. The arc-shaped damping element with the equal rectangular cross section cannot complete fatigue deformation for 25 times under the target design damping displacement condition, which is equivalent to that the design damping displacement of the damping element is obviously smaller than 0.3 times of the center distance between pin shaft holes at two ends of the damping element.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An anti-fatigue arc-shaped shock absorbing element capable of providing high damping force is characterized in that,
the arc-shaped damping element (1) is made of austenitic steel, the geometric shape of the arc-shaped damping element is of an arc-shaped structure, the cross section of the arc-shaped damping element is of a rectangle, and the two ends of the arc-shaped damping element are provided with pin shaft holes (3);
the yield strength of the austenitic steel is not less than 420MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 30%; when the strain amplitude of the periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation is 1%, the strain ratio-1 and the loading frequency are 0.1-0.2 Hz, the fatigue life of the austenitic steel is not lower than 1800 cycles;
the microstructure of the austenitic steel consists of austenite, ferrite with the volume fraction of not more than 10 percent and a dispersed precipitated phase with the volume fraction of not more than 15 percent; when stretching or compressing elastoplastic deformation, the deformation mechanism of the austenitic structure is mainly a dislocation plane sliding mechanism; the austenite structure has an average grain size of no more than 250 μm; the dispersed phase plays a role of strengthening an austenite matrix, and the average size of the dispersed phase is not more than 1 mu m;
in the geometric shape of the arc-shaped damping element, the width b of the arc-shaped damping element gradually decreases or remains unchanged from the arc-shaped middle section to the position adjacent to the pin shaft hole, wherein the arc-shaped middle section has the maximum width b max The adjacent pin shaft hole part has the minimum width b min ，b min And b max The ratio is 1/3-1.0; arc middle section part width b max The ratio of the radius r to the cambered surface (2) of the center of the damping element is 1/10-1/3; the central angle 360-theta corresponding to the central cambered surface between the pin shaft holes at the two ends is 180-215 degrees; the diameter of the pin shaft hole (3) is b min 0.5 to 1.0 times of the total weight of the composition.
2. The anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force according to claim 1, wherein the designed damping displacement of the arc-shaped damping element is not less than 0.3 times of the center distance L between pin shaft holes at two ends of the arc-shaped damping element; under the designed damping displacement condition, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can complete at least 25 cycles of periodical alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%; and then, under the condition of 1.2 times of design damping displacement, when the loading frequency is not lower than 0.01Hz, the arc-shaped damping element can continuously complete at least 3 times of periodic alternating stretching-compressing elastoplastic deformation, and the damping force attenuation is smaller than 15%.
3. An anti-fatigue arc-shaped shock absorbing element capable of providing high damping force according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped shock absorbing element has a geometric shape of an equal rectangular cross-section sector ring, i.e. arcThe width b of the shock-absorbing element remains unchanged, b=b max ＝b min 。
4. An anti-fatigue arc-shaped shock absorbing element capable of providing high damping force according to claim 1, wherein the austenitic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: mn is 15-40%, al is 6.0-13.0%, C is 0.6-1.3%, si is 3.0%, cr is 3.0%, ni is 6.0%, ti is 1.0%, nb is 1.0%, V is 1.0%, P is 0.15%, S is 0.03%, N is 0.03%, and the rest is Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
5. The anti-fatigue arc-shaped vibration absorbing member capable of providing high damping force according to claim 4, wherein the austenitic steel comprises the following chemical components in mass percent: less than or equal to 30 percent of Mn less than or equal to 40 percent, less than or equal to 6.0 percent and less than or equal to 11.0 percent of Al less than or equal to 0.6 percent and less than or equal to 1.2 percent of C less than or equal to 0.6 percent and less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Si less than or equal to 1.0 percent, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Cr less than or equal to 1.0 percent, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Ti less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
6. The anti-fatigue arc-shaped vibration absorbing member capable of providing a high damping force according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the austenitic steel further comprises Cu element in a mass percentage of: cu is less than or equal to 2 percent.
7. Use of an anti-fatigue arc-shaped shock absorbing element capable of providing a high damping force according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arc-shaped shock absorbing elements are used alone or in combination;
when the damping units are combined, the arc damping elements are stacked and overlapped together to form a damping unit group, and the damping unit group is connected in series through a pin shaft penetrating through pin shaft holes at two ends;
the arc damping elements or damping unit groups formed by stacking and overlapping the arc damping elements are connected with the bridge support through the connecting piece to play roles of resisting tension, limiting and dissipating external vibration energy; the arc-shaped damping elements or damping unit groups are connected with the connecting piece through pin shafts at pin shaft holes.
8. The use of an anti-fatigue arcuate shock absorbing member providing a high damping force as claimed in claim 7,
the arc-shaped damping elements or damping unit groups are used in pairs, namely, one arc-shaped damping element or damping unit group is pulled and the other damping element or damping unit group is pressed under the action of damping displacement.
9. A damping unit group formed by stacking and overlapping the fatigue-resistant arc-shaped damping elements capable of providing a high damping force as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
CN202310329108.4A 2023-03-30 2023-03-30 Anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application Pending CN116292704A (en)

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CN202310329108.4A CN116292704A (en) 2023-03-30 2023-03-30 Anti-fatigue arc-shaped damping element capable of providing high damping force and application

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