CN116291684A - Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device and gas control method - Google Patents
Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device and gas control method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010035653 pneumoconiosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent dust control device for Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling and a gas control method, and relates to the technical field of dust control of comprehensive tunneling surfaces, comprising a comprehensive tunneling machine, an exhaust port, and an exhaust cylinder arranged behind the exhaust port; the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor comprises an axial weak flow box body, an axial strong flow box body and a radial box body, and intelligent air volume adjusting structures are arranged at the joint of the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body and the joint of the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body. The Y-type intelligent wind separator divides the compressed wind into axial strong wind, axial weak wind and radial wind, forms a vortex field along the roadway under the coanda effect, the double vortex fields enable winded head-on dust to enter the negative pressure wind pumping barrel, and meanwhile, the strong wind and the axial weak wind form an invisible Y-type barrier, so that the phenomena of wind leakage and dust escaping are reduced, and the head-on wind flow is uniform; after the radial air outlet jets the tunnel wall surface, cyclone air is formed under the coanda effect to supply fresh air flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust control of fully-mechanized excavating faces, in particular to a Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device and a gas control method.
Background
In recent years, along with the increasing level of the intelligence, the mechanization and the automation of mines, large-scale mining equipment of the coal mine is rapidly developed, promoted and applied, so that the coal mining efficiency is greatly improved. However, while the annual yield of coal is continuously improved, a series of problems such as increased dust production intensity, increased dust production amount, and increased disease efficiency of pneumoconiosis are also accompanied.
Dust is one of five disaster damages of coal mines, and seriously affects the safety production of enterprises and the health of workers. The high concentration of dust not only can cause coal dust explosion and pneumoconiosis, but also can directly influence the reliability of related sensing elements in intelligent equipment of the coal mine, and the high concentration of dust becomes a great difficulty to be solved in the current coal mine. Wherein, healdFace, especially dust SiO 2 The number of coal dust and lung cases of the rock roadway fully-mechanized coal mining face with high content is more than 50% of the total number of coal dust and lung diseases. According to the actual measurement, when the fully-mechanized coal mining working face does not adopt dustproof measures, the concentration of dust at the head-on of the working face is up to 3000mg/m 3 Above, the respiratory dust accounts for approximately 40%. And the rock roadway comprehensive digging working face has higher dust dispersion degree, and has larger threat to physical and psychological health of coal mine personnel and enterprise safety production.
In order to control high-concentration dust on the fully-mechanized excavation face, the technology of ventilation dust removal, spray dust fall, chemical dust suppression, electrostatic dust removal and the like is available at present, wherein long-pressure short suction is combined with the traditional wall-attached air duct ventilation technology, and the technology has a remarkable effect on controlling the concentration of the fully-mechanized excavation flour dust. However, the existing wall-attached air duct technology still has a certain problem in practical application, such as poor dust control effect caused by the fact that a wind pressing opening and a wind suction opening cannot follow in real time along with the tunneling of a fully-mechanized excavating machine, and the traditional method requires that workers carry the wall-attached air duct to move forward along with the tunneling machine so as to continuously detach the wall-attached air duct with larger weight to adjust the optimal dust control position, so that the dust control effect is continuously fluctuated and changed, the dust control stability is not strong, the labor workload of field workers is large, and the technology is difficult to popularize. In addition, the traditional dust control system cannot be suitable for a tunneling working face with high gas concentration, so that technical limitation is strong, and gas accumulation risks are prone to exist.
Therefore, the existing dust control technology cannot meet the continuous high-strength tunneling operation requirement, and further improvement and research are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device and a gas control method, which are characterized in that compressed air is divided into three parts of axial strong outflow air, axial weak outflow air and radial outflow air, the axial strong outflow air and the axial weak outflow air form a vortex field along a roadway under the coanda effect, high-concentration dust generated by windup head enters a negative pressure air suction barrel by the double vortex fields, and meanwhile, the strong outflow air and the axial weak outflow air form an intangible Y-shaped barrier, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the tunneling efficiency and the dust control and removal effect are greatly improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a Y-type double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device.
In an alternative embodiment, the Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device comprises a fully-mechanized excavating machine and an exhaust port close to the head-on, wherein an air suction barrel is arranged behind the exhaust port and is communicated with a dust removal fan; wherein, a Y-shaped intelligent wind separator is arranged on the fully-mechanized coal mining machine, the exhaust opening and the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator move together with the fully-mechanized coal mining machine, and a head-on gas concentration sensor and a rear gas concentration sensor are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator; the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator comprises an axial weak flow box body, an axial strong flow box body and a radial box body, wherein the axial weak flow box body, the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an axial weak air outlet, an axial strong flow air outlet and a radial air outlet, the axial strong flow air outlet and the axial weak air outlet form a vortex field forwards along a roadway under the coanda effect, the double vortex fields enable high-concentration dust at the winded head to enter the wind extraction barrel, and the connection part of the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body and the connection part of the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an intelligent air volume adjusting structure.
Optionally, the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body are respectively internally provided with an axial guide plate for guiding air to form uniform axial air flow, and the included angle between the axial guide plates and the cross section of the roadway is 35-45 degrees; the vertical fixed flow dividing plate is arranged in the radial box body and comprises a middle section, a first folding section and a second folding section which are respectively connected with two ends of the middle section, wherein the second folding section is close to the radial air outlet, and an axial included angle between the second folding section and a roadway is 75-85 degrees; an adjustable transverse guide plate is arranged at the radial air outlet, and the included angle between the adjustable transverse guide plate and the horizontal plane is 35-45 degrees.
Optionally, the length of the vertical fixed splitter plate close to the axial strong-flow air outlet is half of the width of the radial box body, and along with the distance from the axial strong-flow air outlet, the length of the vertical fixed splitter plate is sequentially reduced at equal intervals, so that the air outlet volume of the radial air outlet is uniform.
Optionally, the intelligent air volume adjusting structure comprises an air volume control belt and an air volume control fixing plate which are tightly attached, wherein the air volume control belt and the air volume control fixing plate are respectively provided with vertical strip holes, the air volume control fixing plate is welded on the inner side of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor box body, and the opening of the air volume control fixing plate accounts for 20% -30% of the cross section area of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor box body; the two ends of the air quantity control belt are respectively wound on a belt reel, reel gears are arranged at the upper ends of the belt reels, and the reel gears and the belt reels are of an integrated structure; a first transmission clamping belt meshed with the reel gears is arranged above the air quantity control belt and is used for synchronously rotating the two belt reels to realize the transmission of the air quantity control belt; the first transmission clamping belt is used for changing the superposition area of the vertical strip holes of the air quantity control belt and the air quantity control fixing plate, so that air quantity adjustment is realized.
Optionally, a first intelligent controller is arranged on the belt reel, a motor, a wireless communication chip, a PLC microprocessor and a battery are arranged in the first intelligent controller, and a shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the reel gear and used for driving the reel gear to rotate; the motor drives the belt reel to rotate and is used for controlling the air quantity to control the belt transmission.
Optionally, every adjustable horizontal guide plate both ends are equipped with the rotation axis respectively, rotation axis external fixation has rotation axis gear, rotation axis gear and the interlock of second transmission screens belt are equipped with second intelligent control ware on the rotation axis on top, second intelligent control ware embeds motor, wireless communication chip, PLC microprocessor and battery, the axle and the rotation axis gear fixed connection of motor, rotation axis gear and rotation axis fixed connection, the motor is used for driving the rotation axis and rotates, rotation axis gear and the interlock of transmission screens belt, transmission screens belt is used for driving whole rotation axes and rotates, the rotation axis is used for driving the rotation of adjustable horizontal guide plate.
Optionally, the rear end of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor is connected with a telescopic air duct, the rear end of the telescopic air duct is communicated with a mining air duct, and the air volume ratio of an air suction opening to the mining air duct is 0.75-1.25; the telescopic air duct is hung on a guide rod through a circular ring, and a hanging bracket and a fixing bracket are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the guide rod.
Optionally, a fixed pin is arranged on the suspension bracket, the guide rod is suspended on the fixed pin through a first elastic rope, and a first anti-falling baffle for preventing the first elastic rope from falling off is arranged at one end of the guide rod, which is close to the suspension bracket; the fixed support is provided with a fixed suspension hook, the guide rod is suspended on the fixed suspension hook through a second elastic rope, and one end of the guide rod, which is close to the fixed support, is provided with a second anti-falling baffle for preventing the second elastic rope from falling off.
The second aspect of the invention provides a gas control method based on the Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device.
In an alternative embodiment, a gas control method comprises the steps of:
(1) The gas concentration value is monitored by a head-on gas concentration sensor of the roadway in real time, monitoring data is transmitted in real time by using a downhole wireless technology, the first intelligent controller and the second intelligent controller of the Y-type intelligent air distributor receive the gas concentration data in real time, and the PLC microprocessor analyzes the data, so that the Y-type intelligent air distributor is convenient to provide a ventilation scheme and is suitable for the condition of an operation site;
(2) When the head-on gas concentration sensor detects that the gas concentration is 0.5-1%, a first-stage optimization scheme is started, and a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive motors to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, so that the air quantity of an axial strong air outlet and an axial weak air outlet is increased, and the gas discharge speed is improved; when the gas concentration is 1% -2%, a second-stage optimization scheme is started, a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive a motor to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, an axial weak air outlet is closed, the air quantity of an axial strong air outlet is increased, and the gas exhaust speed is further improved; when the gas concentration is more than 2%, a third-stage optimization scheme is started, a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive motors to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, a radial air outlet and an axial weak air outlet are closed, the air outlet is instantaneously adjusted to be long-pressure short-suction ventilation, the gas is effectively discharged, and the operation safety of a working face is ensured;
(3) When the gas concentration sensor at the rear monitors that the gas concentration exceeds the regulation allowable concentration value, the second intelligent controller is used for adjusting the radial air outlet injection angle so as to obtain the reverse rotational flow air supply effect and discharge the gas.
Optionally, the following steps are implemented for each forward movement of the fully-mechanized coal mining machine by 10 m:
(1) Separating the telescopic air duct from the mining air duct, and manually pulling the telescopic air duct back to a compressed state;
(2) And (3) suspending a new mining air duct, connecting with the telescopic air duct, returning to an initial state, and completing one-time circulation.
The invention has the advantages that,
1. the Y-type intelligent air distributor divides the compressed air into three parts of axial strong outflow air, axial weak outflow air and radial outflow air, two axial outflow air forms a vortex field along a roadway under the coanda effect, the double vortex fields enable winded head-on dust to enter the negative pressure air suction barrel, and meanwhile, the strong outflow air and the axial weak outflow air form an invisible Y-type barrier, so that the phenomena of air leakage and dust escaping are reduced, and the head-on wind flow is more uniform; in addition, after radial air outlet jets the tunnel wall surface, cyclone air is formed under the coanda effect, and fresh air flow is supplied to the rear personnel.
2. In the gas control method, the motor is intelligently driven by the underground wireless transmission technology to increase the axial strong outflow wind and the axial weak outflow wind, the gas discharge wind speed is increased, or the axial weak outflow wind and the radial air outlet are closed, and the gas control method is instantly adjusted to long-pressure short-pumping ventilation, so that high-concentration gas is effectively discharged, and the operation safety of a working face on site is ensured. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages that no heavy physical labor is generated in the operation process, the operation is simple and convenient, the dust control device always moves forward along with the heading machine, the optimal dust control effect can be maintained, and the heading efficiency and the dust control effect are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a Y-type double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the Y-type intelligent wind separator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the interior of the Y-type intelligent wind separator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the intelligent air volume adjustment structure shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an adjustable transverse baffle installation of a radial air outlet of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the front end suspension of the guide rod shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a rear end suspension schematic of the guide bar shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a gas control method according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, an exhaust port; 2. y-shaped intelligent wind separator; 3. a guide rod; 4. a telescopic air duct; 5. mining air duct; 6. a rear gas concentration sensor; 7. a fully-mechanized excavating machine; 8. a gas concentration sensor at the head-on position; 9. a hanging bracket; 10. roadway; 11. an air pumping barrel; 12. a fixed bracket; 13. a dust removal fan; 201. an axial weak air outlet; 202. an intelligent air quantity adjusting structure; 203. an axial strong flow air outlet; 204. radial air outlet; 211. an air quantity control belt; 212. an air quantity control fixing plate; 213. a vertical fixed splitter plate; 214. an axial deflector; 215. an adjustable transverse baffle; 221. a reel gear; 222. a belt reel; 223. a first intelligent controller; 224. a first drive clamping belt; 225. a vertical strip-shaped hole; 231. the second intelligent controller; 232. a rotation shaft; 233. a rotation shaft gear; 234. a second drive clamping belt; 301. a first elastic cord; 302. fixing pins; 303. a first anti-falling baffle; 304. a hanging hook 305 and a second anti-falling baffle.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device comprises a fully-mechanized coal mining machine 7 and an exhaust port 1 close to the head-on, wherein an exhaust cylinder 11 is arranged behind the exhaust port 1, and the exhaust cylinder 11 is communicated with a dust removal fan 13; wherein, a Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 is arranged on the fully-mechanized coal mining machine 7, the air suction opening 1 and the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 move together with the fully-mechanized coal mining machine 7, and a head-on gas concentration sensor 8 and a rear gas concentration sensor 6 are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2; the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 comprises an axial weak flow box body, an axial strong flow box body and a radial box body, wherein the axial weak flow box body, the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an axial weak air outlet 201, an axial strong air outlet 203 and a radial air outlet 201, the axial strong air outlet 203 and the axial weak air outlet 201 respectively form a vortex field forwards along a roadway under the coanda effect, the double vortex fields enable winded high-concentration dust to enter the wind extraction barrel 11, and the connection part of the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body and the connection part of the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an intelligent air quantity adjusting structure 202.
In this embodiment, the head-on gas concentration sensor 8 and the rear gas concentration sensor 6 are suspended on top of the roadway 10 at 3 to 5m in front of the head-on and 20 to 30m behind the head-on, respectively.
Furthermore, the Y-type intelligent wind separator 2 divides the compressed wind into three parts of axial strong outflow wind, axial weak outflow wind and radial outflow wind, under the coanda effect, the axial strong outflow wind and the axial weak outflow wind respectively form a vortex field along the roadway 10, the double vortex fields enable high-concentration dust generated by windingly sucking the head to enter the negative pressure wind suction barrel 11, and meanwhile, the strong outflow wind and the axial weak outflow wind form an intangible Y-type barrier, so that the phenomena of backward air leakage and dust escape at two sides of the roadway 10 caused by a single vortex field are effectively avoided, the head-on wind flow is more uniform through strong and weak division, and the dust control efficiency is greatly improved; and meanwhile, after radial air outlet jets the wall surface of the roadway 10, cyclone air is formed under the coanda effect, and fresh air flow is supplied to the rear personnel. And in the operation process, once the gas concentration in the head-on area exceeds the standard, the Y-shaped intelligent wind distributor 2 can be intelligently regulated and controlled through a downhole wireless transmission technology, so that the operation safety of the working face on site is ensured.
Optionally, the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body are respectively provided with an axial guide plate 214 for guiding air to form uniform axial air flow, the included angle alpha between the axial guide plates 214 and the cross section of the roadway 10 is 35-45 degrees, the included angle range enables the air flow to rebound through the side wall of the roadway 10, the formed double vortex fields are moved to the head along the head-on tunneling direction, the air volume ratio of the axial weak air outlet 201 to the axial strong air outlet 203 is about 1.5:3-2:3, and under the air volume, an effective and stable double vortex field can be formed under the coanda effect, and the backward diffusion of dust is inhibited; the vertical fixed splitter plate 213 is disposed in the radial box, the vertical fixed splitter plate 213 includes a middle section, and a first folded section and a second folded section connected to two ends of the middle section, where the second folded section is close to the radial air outlet 204, an axial included angle γ between the second folded section and the roadway 10 is 75 ° to 85 °, and the angle range makes fresh air flow emitted from the radial air outlet 204 generate a split speed opposite to the tunneling direction, so that the cyclone air tends to be transported in the tunneling reverse direction; the radial air outlet 204 is provided with an adjustable transverse deflector 215, when the included angle beta (not shown in the figure) between the adjustable transverse deflector 215 and the horizontal plane is 35-45 degrees, the air outlet of the radial air outlet 204 can be ensured to blow to the tunneling roadway 10, and then the backward moving rotational flow air can be formed under the coanda effect.
Optionally, the length of the vertical fixed splitter plate 213 near the axial strong-flow air outlet 203 is half of the width of the radial box, and along with the distance from the axial strong-flow air outlet 203, the lengths of the vertical fixed splitter plates 213 are sequentially reduced at equal intervals, so that the air volumes in the channels of different vertical fixed splitter plates 213 are approximately the same, the air output of the radial air outlet 204 is more uniform, and the influence on the cyclone air forming effect due to the excessive concentration of air flows is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, the intelligent air volume adjusting structure 202 includes an air volume control belt 211 and an air volume control fixing plate 212 that are tightly attached, wherein the air volume control belt 211 and the air volume control fixing plate 212 are both provided with vertical strip holes 225, the air volume control fixing plate 212 is welded on the inner side of the box body of the Y-type intelligent air distributor 2, and the openings of the air volume control fixing plate 212 occupy 20% -30% of the cross section area of the box body of the Y-type intelligent air distributor 2; both ends of the air volume control belt 211 are respectively wound on a belt reel 222, a reel gear 221 is arranged at the upper end of the belt reel 222, and the reel gear 221 and the belt reel 222 are of an integrated structure; a first transmission clamping belt 224 meshed with the reel gears 221 is arranged above the air volume control belt 211 and is used for synchronously rotating the two belt reels 222 to realize the transmission of the air volume control belt 211; the first transmission clamping belt 224 is used for changing the superposition area of the vertical strip holes 225 of the air volume control belt 224 and the air volume control fixed plate 212, so as to realize air volume adjustment.
As shown in fig. 4, the belt reel 222 is provided with a first intelligent controller 223, wherein a motor, a wireless communication chip, a PLC microprocessor and a battery are arranged in the first intelligent controller 223, and a shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the reel gear 221 for driving the reel gear 221 to rotate; the motor drives the belt reel 222 to rotate, and is used for controlling the transmission of the air quantity control belt 211; the gas concentration signal of the head-on gas concentration sensor 8 is transmitted to the first intelligent controller 223 in real time through the underground 5G or Wi-Fi signal, so that the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor 2 can adjust the axial air quantity, and the intelligent adjustment of the dust control effect is realized.
As shown in fig. 5, two ends of each adjustable transverse baffle 215 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft 232, a rotating shaft gear 233 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 232, the rotating shaft gear 233 is meshed with a second transmission clamping belt 234, a second intelligent controller 231 is arranged on the rotating shaft 232 at the top end, a motor, a wireless communication chip, a PLC microprocessor and a battery are arranged in the second intelligent controller 231, the shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft gear 233, the rotating shaft gear 233 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 232, the motor is used for driving the rotating shaft 232 to rotate, the rotating shaft gear 233 is meshed with the second transmission clamping belt 234, the second transmission clamping belt 234 is used for driving all the rotating shafts 232 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 232 is used for driving the adjustable transverse baffle 215 to rotate; through the underground 5G or Wi-Fi signal, the gas concentration signal of the gas concentration sensor 6 hung on the rear roadway 10 is transmitted to the intelligent controller 231 in real time, so that the adjustment of the injection angle of the radial air outlet 204 is realized, a better reverse rotational flow air supply effect is formed, and the gas is discharged as soon as possible.
Optionally, the rear end of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor 2 is connected with a telescopic air duct 4, the rear end of the telescopic air duct 4 is communicated with a mining air duct 5, and the air volume ratio between the air suction opening 1 and the mining air duct 5 is 0.75-1.25; the telescopic air duct 4 is hung on a guide rod 3 through a circular ring, and a hanging bracket 9 and a fixing bracket 12 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the guide rod 3.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the suspension bracket 9 is provided with a fixing pin 302, the guide rod 3 is suspended on the fixing pin 302 through a first elastic rope 301, and one end of the guide rod 3, which is close to the suspension bracket 9, is provided with a first anti-falling baffle 303 for preventing the first elastic rope 301 from falling off; the fixed support 12 is provided with a fixed hanging hook 304, the guide rod 3 is hung on the fixed hanging hook 304 through a second elastic rope, and one end of the guide rod 3, which is close to the fixed support 12, is provided with a second anti-falling baffle 305 for preventing the second elastic rope from falling off.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 8, the dust control device provided in embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) The head-on gas concentration sensor 8 of the roadway 10 monitors the gas concentration value in real time, the monitoring data is transmitted in real time by using a downhole wireless technology, the first intelligent controller 223 and the second intelligent controller 231 of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor 2 receive the gas concentration data in real time, and the PLC microprocessor analyzes the data, so that the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor 2 is convenient to provide a ventilation scheme and adapt to the condition of an operation site;
(2) When the head-on gas concentration sensor 8 detects that the gas concentration is 0.5-1%, a first-stage optimization scheme is started, and the first intelligent controller 223 and the second intelligent controller 231 drive motors to control the Y-type intelligent air distributor 2, so that the air quantity of the axial strong air outlet 203 and the air quantity of the axial weak air outlet 201 are increased, and the gas discharge air speed is improved; when the gas concentration is 1% -2%, a second-stage optimization scheme is started, the first intelligent controller 223 and the second intelligent controller 231 drive motors to control the Y-type intelligent air separator 2, the axial weak air outlet 201 is closed, the air quantity of the axial strong air outlet 203 is increased, and the gas discharge air speed is further improved; when the gas concentration is more than 2%, a third-stage optimization scheme is started, the first intelligent controller 223 and the second intelligent controller 231 drive the motor to control the Y-type intelligent air distributor 2, the radial air outlet 204 and the axial weak air outlet 201 are closed, the long-pressure short-suction ventilation is instantaneously adjusted, the gas is effectively discharged, and the operation safety of a working face is ensured;
(3) When the gas concentration sensor 6 at the rear monitors that the gas concentration exceeds the allowable concentration value of the regulation, the second intelligent controller 231 is used for adjusting the injection angle of the radial air outlet 204 so as to obtain the reverse rotational flow air supply effect and discharge the gas.
In a normal working state, the fully-mechanized coal mining machine 7 is tunneled forwards along the direction of the roadway 10, the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 divides fresh wind flow into three parts of axial strong outflow wind, axial weak outflow wind and radial outflow wind, under the coanda effect, the axial strong outflow wind and the axial weak outflow wind form a vortex field forwards along the roadway 10, the double vortex fields enable winded high-concentration dust to enter the negative pressure air suction barrel 11, meanwhile, the strong outflow wind and the axial weak outflow wind form an intangible Y-shaped barrier, the phenomenon of backward air leakage and dust escaping at two sides of the roadway 10 caused by a single vortex field is effectively avoided, and the windward flow is more uniform through strong and weak diversion, so that the dust control efficiency is greatly improved; and meanwhile, after radial air outlet jets the wall surface of the roadway 10, cyclone air is formed under the coanda effect, and fresh air flow is supplied to the rear personnel.
Alternatively, the following steps are carried out for each forward movement of the fully-mechanized coal mining machine 7 by 10 m:
(1) Separating the telescopic air duct 4 from the mining air duct 5, and manually pulling the telescopic air duct 4 back to a compressed state;
(2) A new mining air duct 5 is hung and connected with the telescopic air duct 4, and the mining air duct returns to the initial state, thus completing one cycle.
When the traditional wall-attached air cylinder is used for dust removal, the following steps are adopted: the air outlet of the wall-attached air duct is fixed near the wall of the roadway 10, and the wall-attached air duct always needs to move forwards for 1 time every 10m along with forward pushing of the roadway, and the dust control effect of the wall-attached air duct is often influenced due to untimely movement. Because the wall-attached air duct is arranged between the air pressing ducts, the wall-attached air duct needs to be continuously disassembled and installed along with the tunneling of the working face, and the moving workload is large. In addition, the wall-attached air duct is heavy, 2 operators need to be matched for operation, the risk of aloft operation exists, and the enthusiasm of workers is low.
When the device provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention is used for air curtain dust control: the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 is fixed on the comprehensive excavator 7, and the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 can change in real time along with the comprehensive excavator 7 and cannot influence the dust control effect due to tunneling of a working face. The Y-shaped intelligent wind separator 2 can simultaneously generate double vortex wind and reverse vortex wind, and effectively avoids the phenomenon of backward air leakage and dust escape at two sides of the roadway 10 caused by a single vortex field. In terms of workload, only one worker is required to separate the telescopic air duct 4 from the mining air duct 5 before the telescopic air duct 4 is fully extended, install a section of mining air duct 5 and connect with the telescopic air duct 4. The position of the air duct is not required to be adjusted in the tunneling work, the whole set of technology is free of heavy physical labor in the operation process, the operation is simple and convenient, the risk of high-altitude operation is low, the enthusiasm of workers is high, and the optimal dust control effect is always kept.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device is characterized by comprising a comprehensive tunneling machine and an exhaust port close to the head-on, wherein an air suction barrel is arranged behind the exhaust port and is communicated with a dust removal fan; wherein, a Y-shaped intelligent wind separator is arranged on the fully-mechanized coal mining machine, the exhaust opening and the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator move together with the fully-mechanized coal mining machine, and a head-on gas concentration sensor and a rear gas concentration sensor are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator; the Y-shaped intelligent wind separator comprises an axial weak flow box body, an axial strong flow box body and a radial box body, wherein the axial weak flow box body, the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an axial weak air outlet, an axial strong flow air outlet and a radial air outlet, the axial strong flow air outlet and the axial weak air outlet form a vortex field forwards along a roadway under the coanda effect, the double vortex fields enable high-concentration dust at the winded head to enter the wind extraction barrel, and the connection part of the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body and the connection part of the axial strong flow box body and the radial box body are respectively provided with an intelligent air volume adjusting structure.
2. The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device is characterized in that axial deflectors are arranged in the axial weak flow box body and the axial strong flow box body and used for guiding air to form uniform axial air flow, and the included angle between each axial deflector and the cross section of a roadway is 35-45 degrees; the vertical fixed flow dividing plate is arranged in the radial box body and comprises a middle section, a first folding section and a second folding section which are respectively connected with two ends of the middle section, wherein the second folding section is close to the radial air outlet, and an axial included angle between the second folding section and a roadway is 75-85 degrees; an adjustable transverse guide plate is arranged at the radial air outlet, and the included angle between the adjustable transverse guide plate and the horizontal plane is 35-45 degrees.
3. The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device according to claim 2, wherein the length of the vertical fixed splitter plate close to the axial strong-flow air outlet is half of the width of the radial box body, and the lengths of the vertical fixed splitter plates are sequentially reduced equidistantly along with the distance from the axial strong-flow air outlet, so that the air output of the radial air outlet is uniform.
4. The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device according to claim 2, wherein the intelligent air quantity adjusting structure comprises an air quantity control belt and an air quantity control fixed plate which are tightly attached, wherein the air quantity control belt and the air quantity control fixed plate are respectively provided with a vertical strip hole, the air quantity control fixed plate is welded on the inner side of a Y-shaped intelligent air distributor box body, and an opening of the air quantity control fixed plate accounts for 20% -30% of the cross section area of the Y-shaped intelligent air distributor box body; the two ends of the air quantity control belt are respectively wound on a belt reel, reel gears are arranged at the upper ends of the belt reels, and the reel gears and the belt reels are of an integrated structure; a first transmission clamping belt meshed with the reel gears is arranged above the air quantity control belt and is used for synchronously rotating the two belt reels to realize the transmission of the air quantity control belt; the first transmission clamping belt is used for changing the superposition area of the vertical strip holes of the air quantity control belt and the air quantity control fixing plate, so that air quantity adjustment is realized.
5. The Y-type double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device according to claim 4, wherein a first intelligent controller is arranged on the belt reel, a motor, a wireless communication chip, a PLC microprocessor and a battery are arranged in the first intelligent controller, and a shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the reel gear and used for driving the reel gear to rotate; the motor drives the belt reel to rotate and is used for controlling the air quantity to control the belt transmission.
6. The intelligent Y-type double-vortex tunneling dust control device according to claim 2, wherein two ends of each adjustable transverse guide plate are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, a rotating shaft gear is fixedly connected to the outside of each rotating shaft, each rotating shaft gear is meshed with a second transmission clamping belt, a second intelligent controller is arranged on the rotating shaft at the top end, a motor, a wireless communication chip, a PLC microprocessor and a battery are arranged in each second intelligent controller, the shaft of each motor is fixedly connected with each rotating shaft gear, each rotating shaft gear is fixedly connected with each rotating shaft, each motor is used for driving each rotating shaft to rotate, each second transmission clamping belt is used for driving all rotating shafts to rotate, and each rotating shaft is used for driving each adjustable transverse guide plate to rotate.
7. The Y-shaped double-vortex tunneling intelligent dust control device is characterized in that the rear end of the Y-shaped intelligent wind distributor is connected with a telescopic wind barrel, the rear end of the telescopic wind barrel is communicated with a mining wind barrel, and the air volume ratio of a wind suction opening to the inside of the mining wind barrel is 0.75-1.25; the telescopic air duct is hung on a guide rod through a circular ring, and a hanging bracket and a fixing bracket are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the guide rod.
8. The intelligent Y-type double-vortex tunneling dust control device according to claim 7, wherein the suspension bracket is provided with a fixed pin, the guide rod is suspended on the fixed pin through a first elastic rope, and one end of the guide rod, which is close to the suspension bracket, is provided with a first anti-falling baffle for preventing the first elastic rope from falling off; the fixed support is provided with a fixed suspension hook, the guide rod is suspended on the fixed suspension hook through a second elastic rope, and one end of the guide rod, which is close to the fixed support, is provided with a second anti-falling baffle for preventing the second elastic rope from falling off.
9. A gas control method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) The gas concentration value is monitored by a head-on gas concentration sensor of the roadway in real time, monitoring data is transmitted in real time by using a downhole wireless technology, the first intelligent controller and the second intelligent controller of the Y-type intelligent air distributor receive the gas concentration data in real time, and the PLC microprocessor analyzes the data, so that the Y-type intelligent air distributor is convenient to provide a ventilation scheme and is suitable for the condition of an operation site;
(2) When the head-on gas concentration sensor detects that the gas concentration is 0.5-1%, a first-stage optimization scheme is started, and a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive motors to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, so that the air quantity of an axial strong air outlet and an axial weak air outlet is increased, and the gas discharge speed is improved; when the gas concentration is 1% -2%, a second-stage optimization scheme is started, a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive a motor to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, an axial weak air outlet is closed, the air quantity of an axial strong air outlet is increased, and the gas exhaust speed is further improved; when the gas concentration is more than 2%, a third-stage optimization scheme is started, a first intelligent controller and a second intelligent controller drive motors to control a Y-type intelligent air distributor, a radial air outlet and an axial weak air outlet are closed, the air outlet is instantaneously adjusted to be long-pressure short-suction ventilation, the gas is effectively discharged, and the operation safety of a working face is ensured;
(3) When the gas concentration sensor at the rear monitors that the gas concentration exceeds the regulation allowable concentration value, the second intelligent controller is used for adjusting the radial air outlet injection angle so as to obtain the reverse rotational flow air supply effect and discharge the gas.
10. The gas control method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the following steps are performed for every forward movement of the fully-mechanized coal mining machine by 10 m:
(1) Separating the telescopic air duct from the mining air duct, and manually pulling the telescopic air duct back to a compressed state;
(2) And (3) suspending a new mining air duct, connecting with the telescopic air duct, returning to an initial state, and completing one-time circulation.
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| CN116291684B (en) | 2024-09-20 |
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